-
NOVEL SOLUTION BASED ON DETECTION OF MIRS-410-3P AND 141-5P FOR DIAGNOSTIC OF PROSTATE CANCER EVOLUTION medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Maria Fernanda Carbache, EVELIN RAQUEL NUNEZ, YOUNESS OUAHID, ENRIQUE SAINZ, JUAN JOSE MONTOYA, ANA MOLERA, AURA SOOUTO, DAVID VAZQUEZ, PABLO CASTAN, JOAQUIN CARBALLIDO
To date, prostate cancer (PCa) is both the most common tumour diagnosed in males and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality(1,) . Prevention programs and screening protocols have proven useful to detect the disease at population level, but they lack sensitivity and specificity in comparison to the molecular tests routinely available for screening of other types of cancer, leading
-
PRAGMATIC PRostate cancer diAGnosis and MAnagement Triage In the Clinical care pathway. medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Abishek Sharma, Teresa Campbell, Anthony Bates, Rincy John, Charlotte Adams, Aisling Brassill, Bryony Lennon, Philip Camilleri, Ami Sabharwal, Philip Charlton, Gerard Andrade, Mark Tuthill, Andrew Protheroe, Alastair D Lamb, Tom Leslie, Aaron Leiblich, Francisco Lopez, Clare Verrill, Fergus Gleeson, Ruth MacPherson, Freddie C Hamdy, Richard C Bell, Richard J Bryant
Background: It is important to investigate, diagnose and commence treatment for locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer quickly to optimise treatment outcomes. Since the introduction of national 2-week wait and 31/62-day targets in the United Kingdom for investigation of suspected prostate cancer over 2 decades ago, the clinical pathway has become increasingly complex. This may lead to some
-
High-performing Multi-task Model of Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) Classification for Neonatal Ultrasound Reports Through Natural Language Processing medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Yining Hua, Anudeep Mukkamala, Carlos Estrada, Michael Lingzhi Li, Hsin-Hsiao Wang
Objective: The urinary tract dilation (UTD) classification system provides objective assessment relevant to hydronephrosis management for children. However, the lack of uniform language regarding UTD in radiology reports leads to significant difficulty in both clinical management and research. We seek to develop a unified multi-task/multi-class model that can effectively extract UTD components and
-
Evaluation of genetic associations with clinical phenotypes of kidney stone disease medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Ryan S Hsi, Siwei Zhang, Yaomin Xu, Jefferson L Triozzi, Adriana M Hung, Cosmin A Bejan
Introduction and Objective We sought to replicate and discover genetic associations of kidney stone disease within a large-scale electronic health record (EHR) system. Methods We performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for nephrolithiasis from genotyped samples of 5,571 cases and 83,692 controls. Among the significant risk variants, we performed association analyses of stone composition and
-
Uromonitor®: Clinical Validation and Performance Assessment of a Urinary Biomarker for Recurrence Surveillance in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Pedro Ramos, João Paulo Brás, Carolina Dias, Mafalda Bessa-Gonçalves, Hugo Prazeres, Francisco Botelho, João Silva, Carlos Silva, Luís Pacheco-Figueiredo
Introduction Bladder cancer (BC) remains the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, with non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) representing the vast majority of bladder cancer patients. The current standard of care (SOC) follow-up in NMIBC patients demands an intensive schedule and requires costly and burdensome methods, driving the development of alternative, non-invasive, cost-effective methods that
-
A new tridimensional effective method to calculate Real Contact Surface Area (RCSA) between renal tumor and surrounding kidney parenchyma: An Innovative Tool with predictive power of intraoperative outcomes in nephron sparing surgery medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Paolo Traverso, Alessandro Carfì, Alessandra Bulanti, Martina Fabbi, Veronica Giasotto, Matilde Mattiauda, Lorenzo Lo Monaco, Stefano Tappero, Giovanni Guano, Federica Balzarini, Marco Borghesi, Fulvio Mastrogiovanni, Carlo Terrone
The Contact Surface Area (CSA) is a predictor for peri-operative parameters and represent the contact area between the tumor and the respective organ. Nowadays, a precise method for calculating CSA is yet to be found in the literature. We tested a new CSA calculation method as a predictor of intra-operative parameters in robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).
-
MRI-Targeted Prostate Biopsy Introduces Grade Inflation and Overtreatment medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Abderrahim Oussama Batouche, Eugen Czeizler, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Andrew Erickson, Tolou Shadbahr, Teemu Daniel Laajala, Joona Pohjonen, Andrew Vickers, Tuomas Mirtti, Antti Sakari Rannikko
Abstract Purpose: The use of MRI-targeted biopsies has led to lower detection of Gleason Grade Group 1 (GG1) prostate cancer and increased detection of GG2 disease. Although this finding is generally attributed to improved sensitivity and specificity of MRI for aggressive cancers, it might also be explained by grade inflation. Our objective was to determine the likelihood of definitive treatment and
-
Acoustic enrichment of heterogenous circulating tumor cells and clusters from patients with metastatic prostate cancer medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Cecilia Magnusson, Per Augustsson, Eva Undvall Anand, Andreas Lenshof, Andreas Josefsson, Karin Welen, Anders Bjartell, Yvonne Ceder, Hans Lilja, Thomas Laurell
Background: There are important unmet clinical needs to develop cell enrichment technologies to enable unbiased label-free isolation of both single cell and clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) manifesting heterogeneous lineage specificity. Here, we report a pilot study based on microfluidic acoustophoresis enrichment of CTCs using the CellSearch CTC assay as a reference modality. Methods: Acoustophoresis
-
A Spatial Comparison of Molecular Features Associated with Resistance to Pembrolizumab in BCG Unresponsive Bladder Cancer medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Khyati Meghani, Noah Frydenlund, Yanni Yu, Bonnie Choy, Joshua J. Meeks
Background Intravenous immune checkpoint inhibition achieves a 40% three-month response in BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with carcinoma in situ (CIS). Yet only half of early responders will continue to be disease free by 12 months, and resistance mechanisms are poorly defined.
-
Diagnosis in Bytes: Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Google and ChatGPT 3.5 as Diagnostic Support Tools medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Guilherne Guimaraes, Caroline Santos Silva, Jean Carlos Z Contreras, Ricardo G Figueiredo, Uros - Grupo de Pesquisa, Ricardo B Tiraboschi, Cristiano M Gomes, Jose Bessa
Objective: Adopting digital technologies as diagnostic support tools in medicine is unquestionable. However, the accuracy in suggesting diagnoses remains controversial and underexplored. We aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of two primary and accessible internet search tools: Google and ChatGPT 3.5. Method: We used 60 clinical cases related to urological pathologies to evaluate
-
AI facilitated sperm detection in azoospermic samples for use in ICSI. medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Dale Mark Goss, Steven A Vasilescu, Phillip A Vasilescu, Simon Cooke, Shannon HK Kim, Gavin P Sacks, David K Gardner, Majid E Warkiani
Research question: Can artificial intelligence (AI) improve efficiency and efficacy of sperm searches in azoospermic samples? Design: This two-phase proof-of-concept study beginning with a training phase using 8 azoospermic patients (>10000 sperm images) to provide a variety of surgically collected samples for sperm morphology and debris variation to train a convolutional neural network to identify
-
Real-world evidence of triplet therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer - an Austrian multicenter study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-10-14 Mona Kafka, Giulia Giannini, Nastasiia Artamonova, Hannes Neuwirt, Heidemarie Ofner, Gero Kramer, Thomas Bauernhofer, Ferdiand Luger, Thomas Hoefner, Wolfgang Loidl, Hubert Griessner, Lukas Lusuardi, Antonia Bergmaier, Andreas Berger, Thomas Winder, Sarah Weiss, Severin Bauinger, Steffen Krause, Martin Drerup, Elmar Heinrich, Magdalena Schneider, Stephan Madersbacher, Sonia Vallet, Franz Stoiber, Sarah
Introduction: Two randomized trials demonstrated a survival benefit of triplet therapy (androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]) plus androgen receptor pathway inhibitor [ARPI] plus docetaxel) over doublet therapy (ADT plus docetaxel) changing treatment strategies in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Patients and methods: We conducted the first real-world analysis including 97 mHSPC
-
Opportunistic PSA-free prostate cancer screening utilizing biparametric MRI (VISIONING) medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Marc Matthias, Christian Wetterauer, Heike Pueschel, Alexander Deckart, Lukas Bubendorf, Ashkan Mortezavi, Emilio Arbelaez, David Jean Winkel, Tobias Heye, Daniel Boll, Elmar Merkle, Stephanie Hayoz, Helge Seifert, Cyrill A. Rentsch
Background Literature suggests that prostate MRI exhibits better predictive capabilities compared to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in detecting prostate cancer (PCa). Based on this, our present study investigates biparametric MRI (bpMRI) as a PSA-independent screening tool for PCa. Objective The primary endpoint was to assess the efforts and effectiveness of identifying 20 participants with clinically
-
Prevalence of Symptomatic Bacteriuria and Associated Risk Factors among Patients Attending Major Hospitals in Calabar, Nigeria medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Emmanuel Effiong Bassey, Maurice Mbah, Samuel S Akpan, Edet E. Ikpi, Ambrose A. A. Alaribe
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most encountered bacterial infection of humans and affect both male and female of all age groups, resulting in high mortality of infected patients if not properly managed. Hypothesis/Gap statement: Several studies in different sub-Saharan Africa locations show variations in incidence of UTI as well as it's causative organisms. Aim: This study
-
Converting between the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) Urinary Subscales: Modeling and External Validation medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Paul Windisch, Ivo Becker, Hongjian Tang, Christina Schroeder, Andre Buchali, Daniel Matthias Aebersold, Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen, Robert Foerster, Mohamed Shelan
Background: The 50-item Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) are two widely used options to assess prostate-related quality of life (QoL), but there is no method to convert between the two. We, therefore, developed and externally validated models for this purpose. Methods: 347 consecutive patients who had previously received radiotherapy
-
Use of ChatGPT in Pediatric Urology and its Relevance in Clinical Practice: Is it useful? medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Antonio Vitor Nascimento Martinelli Braga, Noel Charlles Nunes, Emanoel Nascimento Santos, Maria Luiza Veiga, Ana Aparecida Nascimento Martinelli Braga, Glicia Estevam de Abreu, Jose Bessa, Luis Henrique Braga, Andrew J Kirsch, Ubirajara Barroso
Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) can be described as the combination of computer sciences and linguistics, objective building machines capable of performing various tasks that otherwise would need Human Intelligence. One of the many AI based tools that has gained popularity is the Chat–Generative Pre–Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). Due to the popularity and its massive media coverage, incorrect
-
Patients' preference in androgen deprivation therapy medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Takashi Kawahara, Hiroji Uemura
Huggins et al. introduced surgical castration for prostate cancer treatment in 1941. Currently, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is key in treating advanced prostate cancer, especially in elderly patients. With the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) medications, ADT transitioned from surgical to medical castration. From 1985 onwards, various GnRH agonists like Leuprorelin and Goserelin
-
Genomic and epigenomic evolution of metastatic prostate cancer: the first warm autopsy in China medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Wenhui Zhang, Yan Wang, Min Qu, Haoqing Shi, Xin Lu, Qingsong Yang, Fang Liu, Tao Wang, Ziwei Wang, Bijun Lian, Ling Chen, Xiaoyi Yin, Yongwei Yu, Jing Li, Xu Gao, Zhuan Liao
Background: The development and expansion of warm autopsy program have important implications in dissecting the heterogeneity during cancer dissemination and resistance. However, in China, the practice of warm autopsy has not yet been officially launched and documented. Methods: To explore and establish the procedures and standards for warm autopsy in China, we followed the disease course of a male
-
Expected impact of MRI-targeted biopsy interreader variability among uropathologists on ProScreen prostate cancer screening trial: a pre-trial validation study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Ronja Hietikko, Tuomas Mirtti, Tuomas P Kilpelainen, Teemu Tolonen, Anne Rasanen-Sokolowski, Stig Nordling, Jill Hannus, Marita Laurila, Kimmo Taari, Teuvo LJ Tammela, Reija Autio, Kari Natunen, Anssi Auvinen, Antti Rannikko
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) histology, particularly the Gleason score, is an independent prognostic predictor in PCa. Little is known about the inter-reader variability in grading of targeted prostate biopsy based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objective: To assess inter-reader variability in Gleason grading of MRI-targeted biopsy among uropathologists and its potential impact on a population-based
-
Modified Technique for Dissection of Working Space in Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Surgery medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Xiaofeng Xu, Wen Cheng, Zhe Liu, Changjie Shi, Jianping Da, Xiumin Zhou, Jingping Ge
Introduction: The existing techniques to creat working space for retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery are often accompanied by air leakage or poor visibility due to blood and fat tissues smudging during dissection.This single-center experience describes a modified dissection technique to create a retroperitoneal working space during laparoscopic surgery. Materials and Methods: From May 2021 to December
-
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a prospective cohort of COVID-19 survivors medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Cristiano M Gomes, Marcelo Hisano, Julia D Souza, Joao Victor Teixeira Henriques, Jose De Bessa, Julyana Moromizato, Thulio Bosi, Rachel Mazoni, Joao Gismondi, Bruno Camargo, Zein M Sammour, Homero Bruschini, Linamara R Battistella, William C Nahas
Purpose: To analyze the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients who survived moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 and the risk factors for LUTS six months after hospital discharge. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients were evaluated six months after being hospitalized due to COVID-19. LUTS were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score
-
PREVALENCE AND HISTOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF PROSTATE CANCER AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH OBSTRUCTIVE LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS AT MBARARA REGIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITAL medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Willy Kyegombe, Joseph Epodoi, Ronald Okidi Ronald, Lagoro Kitara, Eddymond Ekuk, Aniitah Nimusima, Marvin Mutakooha Mwesigwa
Background: Prostate cancer is currently the second commonest male cancer in Uganda. Despite this, men are more likely to be tested for prostate cancer only after presenting with obstructive Lower urinary tract symptoms [1] since these are a common presenting complaint among elderly males [2]. However, there is still a lack of published local information on the clinical and biochemical patterns of
-
A novel nomogram based on serum lipid for identifying the patients at risk for rapid progression of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Mingshuang Wu, Yi He, Chenxi Pan, Yue Zhang, Bo Yang
Background: Serum lipids were reported to be significant predictive factors in various tumors. In order to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) free survival in advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) patients, the goal of this study was to assess the prognostic impact of the lipid profiles. Material and Methods: The follow-up information
-
A clinical decision support system for interventional urinary stone management planning medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Soorya Bhuphaalan, Sapthagirivasan Vivekanandhan
Urinary stone disease is a very common disease of the urinary tract where excessive mineral content in the kidneys form stones and obstruct the urinary tract, due to which affected patients experience severe pain and uneasiness. Identification of the appropriate interventional stone management method is usually done based on the size and location of the stone. Improper planning of the interventional
-
A deep-learning workflow to predict upper tract urothelial cancer subtypes supporting the prioritization of patients for molecular testing medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Miriam Angeloni, Thomas van Doeveren, Sebastian Lindner, Patrick Volland, Jorina Schmelmer, Sebastian Foersch, Christian Matek, Robert Stoehr, Carol I Geppert, Hendrik Heers, Sven Wach, Helge Taubert, Danijel Sikic, Bernd Wullich, Geert JLH van Leenders, Vasily Zaburdaev, Markus Eckstein, Arndt Hartmann, Joost L Boormans, Fulvia Ferrazzi, Veronika Bahlinger
Background: Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UBC) comprises several molecular subtypes, which are associated with different targetable therapeutic options. However, if and how these associations extend to the rare upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. Objective: Identifying UTUC protein-based subtypes and developing a deep-learning (DL) workflow to predict these subtypes directly
-
EFFECT OF DIETARY CALCIUM ON INCIDENCE OF CALCIUM STONES AND URINARY PARAMETERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Dev Desai, Tanvi Sahni, Dev Umangbhai Andharia, Dwija Raval
Introduction:- Renal stone is a fairly common presentation and the pain is unbearable. Some patients have tendency that stones are frequently formed and management of that s necessary as removal of stone is nt always that simple and can lead to many complications. Aims and Objectives:- To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of dietary calcium on the prevention of
-
A multicenter review of histopathology of variants in the context of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma and their impact on clinical outcomes medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-06-19 Nicola Giudici, Anna Schoch, Antonio Rodriguez-Calero, Vera Genitsch, George N Thalmann, Roland Seiler
Introduction Similar to bladder cancer, about one third of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) present variant histology (VH). We aim to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics and the impact on outcomes of VH in UTUC. Methods We consecutively enrolled 77 patients from 2009-2022 treated with radical surgery for UTUC from a secondary and a tertiary referral center. A central pathology review
-
Geographic differences in population rates of interventional treatment for prostate cancer in Australia medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Jessica K Cameron, Upeksh Chandrasiri, Jeremy Millar, Joanne F Aitken, Susanna Cramb, Jeff Dunn, Mark Frydenberg, Prem Rashid, Kerrie Mengersen, Suzanne K Chambers, Peter D Baade, David P Smith
Background Treatment decisions for men diagnosed with prostate cancer depend on a range of clinical and patient characteristics such as disease stage, age, general health, risk of side effects and access. Associations between treatment patterns and area-level factors such as remoteness and socioeconomic disadvantage have been observed in many countries but have not been investigated in Australia. Methods
-
Analysis of the learning curve for Retzius-sparing Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for a single surgeon medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-05-17 H Hussein, N Maitra, J Tay, I Saxionis, R Makin, S Sivathasan, S Smart, A Warren, N Shah, BW Lamb
Introduction The learning curve for retzius sparing robotic radical prostatectomy is not fully understood. This study attempts to identify the learning-curve across the first 130 cases of a single surgeon.
-
Protocol summary and statistical analysis plan for the randomized trial of early detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (ProScreen) medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-05-10 Jaakko Nevalainen, Jani Raitanen, Kari Natunen, Tuomas Kilpeläinen, Antti Rannikko, Teuvo Tammela, Anssi Auvinen, the ProScreen Trial Team
Introduction Evidence on the effectiveness of prostate cancer screening based on prostate-specific antigen is inconclusive and suggests a questionable balance between benefits and harms due to overdiagnosis. However, diagnostic accuracy studies have shown that detection of clinically insignificant prostate cancer can be reduced by magnetic resonance imaging combined with targeted biopsies.
-
Population Genetics Analysis of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 Revealed the Etiology of Cystine Stone May Be More Than What Our Current Genetic Knowledge Can Explain medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-05-10 Chen-Han Wilfred Wu, Jad Badreddine, Joshua Chang, Yu-Ren Mike Huang, Fernando J. Kim, Trevor Wild, Anne Tsai, Naomi Meeks, Rodrigo Donalisio Da Silva, Wilson R. Molina, Fredrick R. Schumacher
Background Cystine stone is a Mendelian genetic disease caused by SLC3A1 or SLC7A9. In this study, we aimed to estimate the genetic prevalence of cystine stones and compare it with the clinical prevalence to better understand the disease etiology.
-
The bladder microbiome of chronic kidney disease with associations to demographics, renal function, and serum cytokines medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Fengping Liu, Jingjie Du, Hao Lin, Zhenyi Xu, Yifan Sun, Feng Yan, Yifeng Gu, Yang Wang, Wei Guo, Qixiao Zhai, Jialin Hu, Yu Tian, Lei Hu, Peng Jiang, Shichao Wei, Chaoqun Gu, Jiayi Sheng, Wei Chen, Alan J. Wolfe, Ninghan Feng
Background High throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and enhanced culture methods (e.g., expanded quantitative urine culture, EQUC) have established the existence of the human bladder microbiome. We aim to test the hypothesis that the bladder environment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) differs from that of unaffected controls with associated consequences for the composition of the bladder
-
Germline sequencing of DNA-damage-repair genes in two hereditary prostate cancer cohorts reveals new disease risk-associated gene variants medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Georgea R. Foley, James R. Marthick, Sionne E. Lucas, Kelsie Raspin, Annette Banks, Janet L. Stanford, Elaine A. Ostrander, Liesel M. FitzGerald, Joanne L. Dickinson
Background Knowledge of rare, inherited variants in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes is informing clinical management in common cancers. However, defining the rare disease- associated variants in prostate cancer (PrCa) is challenging due to their low frequency.
-
Development and Validation of MyProstateScore 2.0 to Detect Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Jeffrey J. Tosoian, Yuping Zhang, Lanbo Xiao, Cassie Xie, Nathan L. Samora, Yashar S. Niknafs, Zoey Chopra, Javed Siddiqui, Heng Zheng, Grace Herron, Neil Vaishampayan, Kumaran Arivoli, Bruce J. Trock, Ashley E. Ross, Todd M. Morgan, Ganesh S. Palapattu, Simpa S. Salami, Lakshmi P. Kunju, Yingye Zheng, John T. Wei, Arul M. Chinnaiyan
Background The benefits of prostate cancer screening with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have been largely offset by the high rate of negative prostate biopsies and overdiagnosis of indolent cancers. These outcomes result from the limited diagnostic accuracy of PSA for clinically significant prostate cancer and are considered a major obstacle to realizing the benefits of population-wide screening
-
Myofascial Frequency Syndrome: A novel syndrome of bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms associated with myofascial pelvic floor dysfunction medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-04-17 A. Lenore Ackerman, Nicholas J. Jackson, Ashley T. Caron, Melissa R. Kaufman, Jonathan C. Routh, Jerry L. Lowder
Background Patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are historically classified to several symptom clusters, primarily overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Accurate diagnosis, however, is challenging due to overlapping symptomatic features, and many patients do not readily fit into these categories. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, we
-
Dynamic analysis of the individual patterns of intakes, voids, and bladder sensations reported in bladder diaries collected in the LURN study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Victor P. Andreev, Margaret E. Helmuth, Abigail R. Smith, Anna Zisman, Anne P. Cameron, John O. L. DeLancey, Wade A. Bushman
The goal of this study was to perform an in-depth dynamic analysis of individual bladder diaries to inform which behavioral modifications would best reduce lower urinary tract symptoms, such as frequency and urgency. Three-day bladder diaries containing data on timing, volumes, and types of fluid intake, as well as timing, volumes, and bladder sensation at voids were analyzed for 197 participants with
-
Novel Use of ctDNA to Identify Muscle-Invasive and Non-Organ Confined Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Heather L Huelster, Billie Gould, Elizabeth A Schiftan, Lucia Camperlengo, Facundo Davaro, Kyle M Rose, Alex C Soupir, Shidong Jia, Tiantian Zheng, Wade J Sexton, Julio Pow-Sang, Philippe E Spiess, G. Daniel Grass, Liang Wang, Xuefeng Wang, Aram Vosoughi, Andrea Necchi, Joshua J Meeks, Bishoy M Faltas, Pan Du, Roger Li
PURPOSE Optimal patient selection for neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgical extirpation is limited by the inaccuracy of contemporary clinical staging methods in high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We investigated whether the detection of plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can predict muscle-invasive and non-organ confined (MI/NOC) UTUC.
-
Assessment of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Using the Sexual Function Index at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Said Mawji, Peter Shabani Msinde, Obadia Nyongole, Charles Mkony, Deo Mahenda
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve and maintain a steady erection for sexual performance. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is becoming more common in the general population, particularly among elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms and those with benign prostatic hyperplasia. This rise in erectile dysfunction has also been attributed by several other aetiologies, which
-
Can the ChatGPT and other Large Language Models with internet-connected database solve the questions and concerns of patient with prostate cancer? medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-03-08 LIngxuan Zhu, Weiming Mou, Rui Chen
Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have shown impressive natural language processing capabilities in various fields, including medicine. However, the answers provided by these models may sometimes be incorrect, and they may not have access to the latest data. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of five state-of-the-art LLMs in providing correct and comprehensive information
-
Antimicrobial Resistance Rates in Gram-positive Uropathogens in Duhok city, Kurdistan Region of Iraq medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Alan Ali Mohamed
Background Urinary tract infections are among the most common infections worldwide. Antibiotic resistance is an important medical problem because there is an increasing trend of antibiotic resistance worldwide making it harder to eliminate uropathogens. Antibiotic resistance shows a geographical variation. Hence, local studies are necessary to determine prevalence of uroptahogens among UTI patients
-
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm to Classify Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Jeffrey N. Chiang, Kai B. Dallas, Ashley T. Caron, Jennifer T. Anger, Melissa R. Kaufman, A. Lenore Ackerman
Objective Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence, affect the majority of the population, causing substantial morbidity, yet few receive effective care. Sizeable symptomatic overlap between LUTS categories leads to high rates of misdiagnosis. To improve diagnostic accuracy, we sought to employ machine learning approaches to LUTS categorization to generate
-
Antimicrobial Resistance pattern in Gram-Negative Uropathogens in Duhok City, Northern Iraq medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Razvan Luqman Yasen
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most dangerous global threats since antimicrobial discovery. The world health organization(WHO) has implemented a program called GLASS to mitigate resistance across the globe. Urinary tract infection(UTI) are the second most common infections and are the most common reason for prescription of antimicrobials, the rise in AMR has caused concerns of UTI Overuse
-
Evaluation of a microRNA-based Risk Classifier Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma with Tumor Thrombus of the Inferior Vena Cava medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-12-30 Mischa J. Kotlyar, Markus Krebs, Maximilian Burger, Hubert Kübler, Ralf Bargou, Susanne Kneitz, Wolfgang Otto, Johannes Breyer, Daniel C. Vergho, Burkhard Kneitz, Charis Kalogirou
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava (ccRCCIVC) represents a clinical high-risk setting. However, there is substantial heterogeneity within this patient subgroup regarding survival outcomes. Previously, members of our group developed a microRNA(miR)-based risk classifier – containing miR-21, miR-126 and miR-221 expression – which significantly predicted cancer-specific
-
Efficacy of acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes on quality of life: study protocol for a randomized, sham acupuncture-controlled trial medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-12-27 Yu-Long Ding, Huai-Yu Wang, Yuan Ji, Shuo Zhang, Peng-Fei Yuan, Hong-Chao Zhao, Yan Guo, Xiao-Di Xie
Background Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes (CP/CPPS) is a common heterogeneous disease that seriously impacts patients’ quality of life (QoL). Acupuncture therapy has been widely used in China for various urinary diseases and symptoms, including chronic prostatitis. The results of several randomized controlled studies from different countries support that acupuncture can relieve the
-
Neurogenic defects underlie functional bladder outflow tract obstruction associated with biallelic variants in LRIG2 medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-12-06 Celine Grenier, Filipa M Lopes, Anna M Cueto-Gonzalez, Eulalia Rovira-Moreno, Romy Gander, Benjamin W Jarvis, Karen D McCloskey, Alison M Gurney, Glenda M Beaman, William G Newman, Adrian S Woolf, Neil A Roberts
Urinary tract malformations account for half of all children with kidney failure, and some have defined monogenic causes. One such disorder is urofacial, or Ochoa, syndrome (UFS), an autosomal recessive disease featuring a dyssynergic bladder with detrusor smooth muscle contracting against an undilated outflow tract. Incomplete voiding predisposes to urosepsis and kidney failure. Half of individuals
-
Cross-Sectional Study on Philippine National Insurance Data on Malignancy medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-11-18 Sylvia L Alip, Constantino T Castillo, Kerry Joana P Ong, Arturo P Castro, Kathleen R Gonzales, Godofredo B Gasa, Paulo F. Fernandez, Nimrod Firaza, Fidel M Manalaysay, Chito M Semblante, Sid C Sergio, Jose Vicente T Prodigalidad, Michael L Macalalag, Roderick P Arcinas, Aristotle M Roque
Introduction The purpose of the Urologic Diseases in the Philippines study is three-fold: to assess the burden of urologic disease in the country in prevalence and incidence, to identify orphan populations or underserved areas where urological care is most needed, and to provide an administrative data registry for which clinical data may be anchored on. Materials & Methods The data were then requested
-
Pilot Clinical Trial to test the function of a Diagnostic Sensor in predicting Impending Urinary Catheter Blockage in Long-term Catheterized Patients. medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-10-26 Rachel A. Heylen, June Mercer-Chalmers, Annette Moreton, James Urie, Edward Jefferies, Bethany L. Patenall, Maisem Laabei, A. Toby A. Jenkins
Trial design: Pilot feasibility trial. Methods: Participants: adults attending the Outpatient Urology Clinic, having a long-term in-dwelling urinary catheter and have the mental capacity to consent. Consent for the donation of the urinary catheter and drainage bag were gained at the Urology Clinic, Royal United Hospital (RUH) Bath, alongside a quality-of-life questionnaire. Interventions: there was
-
Cell-free urine- and plasma DNA mutational analysis predicts neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and outcome in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-10-26 Emil Christensen, Iver Nordentoft, Sara K Elbæk, Karin Birkenkamp-Demtroder, Ann Taber, Tine G Andreasen, Trine Strandgaard, Michael Knudsen, Philippe Lamy, Mads Agerbæk, Jørgen B Jensen, Lars Dyrskjøt
Purpose: Investigate and compare the use of plasma- and urine DNA mutation analysis for predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response and long-term oncological outcome in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. Experimental Design: Whole exome sequencing of tumor and germline DNA was performed for 92 patients treated with NAC followed by radical cystectomy (RC). A custom NGS panel capturing
-
Identifying patients with rapid progression from hormone-sensitive to castration-resistant prostate cancer: a retrospective study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Chenxi Pan, YI He, He Wang, Yang Yu, Lu Li, Lingling Huang, Mengge Lv, Weigang Ge, Bo Yang, Yaoting Sun, Tiannan Guo, Zhiyu Liu
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignancy and the fifth cause of cancer-related deaths in men. A crucial challenge is identifying the population at risk of rapid progression from hormone-sensitive PCa (HSPC) to the lethal castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Methods: We collected 78 HSPC biopsies and measured their proteomes using pressure cycling technology and a pulsed
-
Ultrasound versus fluoroscopy as imaging guidance for percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-10-13 Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Saba Maleki, Arman Shafiee, Parnian Shobeiri
Objectives: To determine whether the outcomes of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (UG-PCNL), an alternative to traditional fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (FG-PCNL), are comparable. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was carried out to discover investigations comparing UG-PCNL to FG-PCNL, and accordingly, a meta-analysis of those studies
-
Gut microbiota affects prostate cancer risk through steroid hormone biosynthesis medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-09-09 Sofia Kalinen, Teemu Kallonen, Marianne Gunell, Otto Ettala, Ivan Jambor, Juha Knaapila, Kari T. Syvänen, Pekka Taimen, Matti Poutanen, Claes Ohlsson, Hannu J. Aronen, Helena Ollila, Sami Pietilä, Laura L. Elo, Tarja Lamminen, Antti J. Hakanen, Eveliina Munukka, Peter J. Boström, the Multi-IMPROD Study group
Purpose Although prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in Western countries, there is significant variability in geographical incidence. This might result from genetic factors, discrepancies in screening policies or differences in lifestyle. Gut microbiota has been recently associated with cancer progression, but its role in prostate cancer is unclear.
-
Fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli carriage in transrectal prostate biopsy patients without infectious complications medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-08-16 Sofia Kalinen, Heini Kallio, Juha Knaapila, Teemu Kallonen, Eveliina Munukka, Tarja Lamminen, Pentti Huovinen, Peter J. Boström, Antti J. Hakanen, Marianne Gunell
Fluoroquinolones are a commonly used prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx), even though fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli has been associated with infectious complications after TRUS-Bx. The present study describes fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial susceptibility among intestinal E. coli, isolated from TRUS-Bx patients in a prospective
-
The impact of physician-managed distribution of urological catheters on utilization medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-08-12 Tom Hata, Jayme Hanson
Introduction We examine whether provider-supplied urological catheters result in increased utilization by comparing claims data of providers before and after enrollment in a technology platform that allows them to directly order and manage distribution of prosthetics to patients.
-
Impact of COVID-19 on the management and outcomes of ureteric stones in the UK: a multicentre retrospective study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-06-28 Matthew H V Byrne, Fanourios Georgiades, Alexander Light, Catherine E Lovegrove, Catherine Dominic, Josephine Rahman, Senthooran Kathiravelupillai, Tobias Klatte, Kasra Saeb-Parsy, Rajeev Kumar, Sarah Howles, Grant D Stewart, Ben Turney, Oliver Wiseman, the COVID Stones Collaborative
Objectives To determine if management of ureteric stones in the United Kingdom changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether this affected patient outcomes.
-
Routine Urinary Biochemistry Does Not Accurately Predict Stone Type Nor Recurrence in Kidney Stone Formers: A Multi-Centre, Multi-Model, Externally Validated Machine-Learning Study medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-06-26 Robert M Geraghty, Ian Wilson, Eric Olinger, Paul Cook, Susan Troup, David Kennedy, Alistair Rogers, Bhaskar K Somani, Nasser A Dhayat, Daniel G Fuster, John A Sayer
Objectives Urinary biochemistry is used to detect and monitor conditions associated with recurrent kidney stones. There are no predictive machine learning (ML) tools for kidney stone type or recurrence. We therefore aimed to build and validate ML models for these outcomes using age, gender, 24-hour urine biochemistry and stone composition.
-
Use of Internally Validated Machine and Deep Learning Models to Predict Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy using data from the BAUS PCNL audit medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Robert M Geraghty, William Finch, Sarah Fowler, Seshadri Sriprasad, Daron Smith, Andrew Dickinson, Zara Gall, Bhaskar K Somani
Background: Machine (ML) and Deep learning (DL) are subsets of artificial intelligence that use data to build algorithms. These can be used to predict specific outcomes. To date there have been a few small studies on post-PCNL outcomes. Objective: We aimed to build and internally validate ML/DL models for post-PCNL transfusion and infection using a comprehensive national database. Design: Machine Learning
-
Associations of adiposity, kidney stone disease, and serum calcium concentrations; observational and genetic epidemiological studies medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-06-14 Catherine E Lovegrove, Jelena Bešević, Akira Wiberg, Ben Lacey, Thomas J Littlejohns, Naomi E Allen, Michelle Goldsworthy, Jihye Kim, Fadil Hannan, Gary C Curhan, Ben Turney, Mark McCarthy, Anubha Mahajan, Rajesh V Thakker, Michael V Holmes, Dominic Furniss, Sarah A Howles
Background: Kidney stone disease (KSD) is linked to obesity, metabolic syndrome and biochemical alterations including higher serum calcium concentration. The mechanisms by which these phenotypes associate with KSD are uncertain. We aimed to establish the effects of adiposity on KSD using conventional and genetic epidemiological techniques. Methods: We assessed observational associations between measures
-
The expression of cancer stem cells and its effects on the propensity for recurrence and metastasis in bladder cancer: a systematic review medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-05-19 Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid, Yasmina Zahra Syadza, Oliver Emmanuel Yausep, Roberto Bagaskara Indy Christanto, Bayu Hernawan Rahmat Muharia, Chaidir Arif Mochtar
Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent cancers of the urinary tract, associated with high recurrence rates and metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells characterized by high self-renewal and differentiation capacities, resulting in increased cancer recurrence, larger tumor size, higher rates of metastasis, higher resistance to treatment, and overall poorer prognosis
-
Kidney stone prevalence based on self-report and Electronic Health Records: insight into the prevalence of active medical care for kidney stones medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-05-19 Connor M. Forbes, Naren Nimmagadda, Nicholas L. Kavoussi, Yaomin Xu, Cosmin A. Bejan, Nicole L. Miller, Ryan S. Hsi
Introduction: Kidney stone prevalence estimates vary depending on sampling methodology. We compared rates of patient-reported kidney stone disease to Electronic Health Records (EHR) kidney stone diagnosis using a common dataset to evaluate for socio-demographic differences in these populations, including between those with and without active care for kidney stones. Methods: From the All of Us research
-
Intraoperative calculus or hemorrhage in transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy as a risk factor for recurrent hemospermia medRxiv. Urol. Pub Date : 2022-04-29 Cheng-En Mei, Ju-Chuan Hu, Jian-Ri Li, Kun-Yuan Chiu, Shian-Shiang Wang, Chuan-Shu Chen
We summarized our experience regarding Transurethral Seminal Vesiculoscopy (TUSV) and analyzed both recurrence status and risk factors for recurrence. From January 2010 to December 2020, 48 patients with intractable hemospermia received successful TUSV at Taichung Invalids General Hospital. For the intraoperative findings, the five-year Disease-free Survival rates (DFS) were 74.1% in the no calculus