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Quantitative Metrics in Mass-Gathering Studies: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Cüneyt Çalışkan, Ahmet Doğan Kuday, Tuğba Özcan, Nihal Dağ, Kerem Kınık
Introduction: Mass gatherings are events where many people come together at a specific location for a specific purpose, such as concerts, sports events, or religious gatherings, within a certain period of time. In mass-gathering studies, many rates and ratios are used to assess the demand for medical resources. Understanding such metrics is crucial for effective planning and intervention efforts. Therefore
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Bleeding Control Protections Within US Good Samaritan Laws Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Matthew J. Levy, Christopher M. Wend, William P. Flemming, Antoin Lazieh, Andrew J. Rosenblum, Candace M. Pineda, Douglas M. Wolfberg, Jennifer Lee Jenkins, Craig A. Goolsby, Asa M. Margolis
Introduction: In the United States, all 50 states and the District of Columbia have Good Samaritan Laws (GSLs). Designed to encourage bystanders to aid at the scene of an emergency, GSLs generally limit the risk of civil tort liability if the care is rendered in good faith. Nation-wide, a leading cause of preventable death is uncontrolled external hemorrhage. Public bleeding control initiatives aim
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Glastonbury Festival: Medical Care at the World’s Largest Greenfield Music Festival Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Jack F. Bennett, David J. Cottrell
Introduction: Music festivals have become an increasingly popular form of mass-gathering event, drawing an increasing number of attendees across the world each year. While festivals exist to provide guests with an enjoyable experience, there have been instances of serious illness, injury, and in some cases death. Large crowds, prolonged exposure to loud music, and high rates of drug and alcohol consumption
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Early Vital Sign Thresholds Associated with 24-Hour Mortality among Trauma Patients: A Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Michael D. April, Andrew D. Fisher, Julie A. Rizzo, Franklin L. Wright, Julie M. Winkle, Steven G. Schauer
Background: Identifying patients at imminent risk of death is critical in the management of trauma patients. This study measures the vital sign thresholds associated with death among trauma patients.Methods: This study included data from patients ≥15 years of age in the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database. Patients with vital signs of zero were excluded.
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Paramedics’ Success and Complications in Prehospital Pediatric Intubation: A Meta-Analysis Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Faisal A. AlGhamdi, Nasser A. AlJoaib, Abdulaziz M. Saati, Mishal A. Abu Melha, Mohammad A. Alkhofi
Background: Prehospital pediatric intubation is a potentially life-saving procedure in which paramedics are relied upon. However, due to the anatomical nature of pediatrics and associated adverse events, it is more challenging compared to adult intubation. In this study, the knowledge and attitude of paramedics was assessed by measuring their overall success rate and associated complications.Methods:
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Development of Flood Preparedness Behavior Scale: A Methodological Validity and Reliability Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Marwa Osman, Gülşen Taşdelen Teker, Kerim Hakan Altıntaş
Background: Floods are the most frequent natural disasters with a significant share of their mortality. Preparedness is capable of decreasing the mortality of floods by at least 50%. This paper aims to present the psychometric properties of a scale developed to evaluate the behavior of preparedness to floods in Sudan and similar settings. Methods: In this methodological scale development study, experts
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Secondary Ambulance Transfers During the Mass-Casualty Terrorist Attack in Israel on October 7, 2023 Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Evan Avraham Alpert, Jacob Assaf, Ahmad Nama, Ruchama Pliner, Eli Jaffe
On October 7, 2023, Israel experienced the worst terror attack in its history – 1,200 people were killed, 239 people were taken hostage, and 1,455 people were wounded. This mass-casualty event (MCE) was more specifically a mega terrorist attack. Due to the overwhelming number of victims who arrived at the two closest hospitals, it became necessary to implement secondary transfers to centers in other
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Pulmonary Evaluation of Earthquake Victims Followed Up in the Intensive Care Unit After the 2023 Turkey Kahramanmaras Earthquakes Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Sinem Berik Safçi, Esra Aybal, Özlem Erçen Diken
Introduction and Study Objective: In Turkey, a total of 269 earthquakes took place from 1900 through 2023. The most devastating earthquakes in terms of casualties and extensive destruction occurred at 4:17am and 1:24pm local time on February 6, 2023 with the epicenters located in Pazarcik (Kahramanmaras) and Ekinozu (Kahramanmaras) and magnitudes of 7.7Mw and 7.6Mw, respectively. The aim of this study
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Dhikr and Qur’an Recitation Therapy: An Idea to Recover the Mental Health of Families of the Death Victims of Mount Marapi Eruption in West Sumatra, Indonesia Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Rizky Andana Pohan, Marimbun Marimbun, Wan Chalidaziah, Erfan Ramadhani, Ramtia Darma Putri, Palasara Brahmani Laras
Background: Volcanic eruption is one of the most common disasters in Indonesia. One of the most fatal volcanic eruptions in Indonesia in 2023 was the eruption of Mount Marapi in West Sumatra. This caused a psychological impact on the survivors and families of the victims who died. Problem: Psychological interventions are usually only provided to survivors. It is very rare to find psychosocial assistance
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Interorganizational Knowledge Transfer in Mass Gatherings: Exploring the Health and Safety Stakeholders’ Perceptions Participating in the Athens Marathon Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Angeliki Bistaraki, Nikos Stefanopoulos
Introduction: Mass gatherings (MGs) usually represent significant challenges for the public health and safety sector of the host cities. Organizing a safe and successful mass event highly depends on the effective collaboration among different public and private organizations. It is necessary to establish successful coordination to ensure that all the key stakeholders understand their respective roles
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Components of an Updated Disaster Medicine Curriculum Included in Emergency Medicine Residency and Emergency Medical Services Fellowship in the United States Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sara P. Sandifer, Bryan J. Wexler, Avram Flamm
Introduction: Disaster medicine (DM) is a unique field that has undergone significant development as disaster events become increasingly complicated to respond to. However, DM is not recognized by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) or Accreditation Committee of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), and therefore lacks board certification. Furthermore, prior studies have shown that there
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Disaster Preparedness and Safety Curriculum for Early Childhood Education in Indonesia Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Rizky Andana Pohan, Erfan Ramadhani, Marimbun Marimbun, Wan Chalidaziah, Nengsih Nengsih, Marhaban Marhaban
Background: Indonesia is located within the Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire, so natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, and landslides are common. Preparedness is essential to prevent many casualties due to various disasters. Problem: The Aceh, Indonesia earthquake and tsunami in 2004 was one of the most devastating disasters since the 1990s. Some of the victims were
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The Relationship Between Lactate and Lactate Clearance with In-Hospital Mortality in Unselected Emergency Department Patients Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Ozlem Susur, Murat Yesіlaras, Yesim Eyler
Introduction: Lactate is a frequently used biomarker in emergency departments (EDs), especially in critically ill patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between lactate and lactate clearance with in-hospital mortality in unselected ED patients. Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively in the ED of a tertiary hospital. Patients aged 18 years and older whose blood
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Adverse Effects After Prehospital Administration of Naloxone by Bystanders: A Preliminary Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Daniel Du Pont, Rebecca Fenderson, Krystal Hunter, Alexander Kuc, Gerard Carroll
Objective: Opioid use disorder is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. In order to reverse opioid overdose as quickly as possible, many institutions and municipalities have encouraged people with no professional medical training to carry and administer naloxone. This study sought to provide preliminary data for research into the rates of adverse effects of naloxone when administered by bystanders
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Emergency Medical Services Protocols for Assessment and Treatment of Patients with Ventricular Assist Devices Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Emily L. Larson, JiWon Woo, Gyeongtae Moon, Kathy Liu, Matthew Vergel, Reed Jenkins, Kelly Jiang, Zachary Darby, Asa Margolis, Ahmet Kilic
Background: Patients with ventricular assist devices (VADs) represent a growing population presenting to Emergency Medical Services (EMS), but little is known about their prehospital care. This study aimed to characterize current EMS protocols in the United States for patients with VADs. Methods: States with state-wide EMS protocols were included. Protocols were obtained from the state EMS website
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Comparative Analysis of META and SALT Disaster Triage in an Adult Trauma Population: A Retrospective Observational Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Gawin Tiyawat, J. Marc Liu, Thongpitak Huabbangyang, Cesar Luis Roza-Alonso, Rafael Castro-Delgado
Background: Medical professionals can use mass-casualty triage systems to assist them in prioritizing patients from mass-casualty incidents (MCIs). Correct triaging of victims will increase their chances of survival. Determining the triage system that has the best performance has proven to be a difficult question to answer. The Advanced Prehospital Triage Model (Modelo Extrahospitalario de Triaje Avanzado;
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Comparing Doppler Ultrasonography and Computerized Tomography Angiography in Emergency Department Evaluation of Earthquake-Related Crush Injuries: A Case Series Analysis Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Remzi Cetinkaya, Mehmet Ozel, Ali Cankut Tatliparmak, Sarper Yılmaz, Rohat Ak
Objective: This case series aims to provide a comprehensive description of the utilization of doppler ultrasonography (USG) and computerized tomography angiography (CTA) in evaluating patients with earthquake-induced crush injuries in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This retrospective case series was conducted on 11 patients who presented with crush injuries following a seismic event. These
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Nation-Wide Variation in Presence of Legislation or Protocols for EMS Care of Operational Canines Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 David W. Schoenfeld, Caroline E. Thomas, Lee Palmer, William Justice, Esther Hwang, Kate D. Zimmerman, Jeffrey M. Goodloe, Jonathan D. Shecter, Stephen H. Thomas
Background & Aims: Deployment of law enforcement operational canines (OpK9s) risks injuries to the animals. This study’s aim was to assess the current status of states’ OpK9 (veterinary Emergency Medical Services [VEMS]) laws and care protocols within the United States. Methods: Cross-sectional standardized review of state laws/regulations and OpK9 VEMS treatment protocols was undertaken. For each
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Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık Earthquake 2023: Characteristics of Patients Presented to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital Far from the Region and Infection Characteristics in Hospitalized Patients Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Özlem Çakın, Melike Yüce Aktepe, Samet Acar, Süleyman İbze
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the demographic, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of the patients who applied to the emergency department (ED) of Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Hospital (Antalya, Türkiye) after the Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık earthquake dated February 6, 2023, as earthquake victims were included in the study. The results of the study could be a guide in terms
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Aquatic Feasibility of Limbs Application of Tourniquets (AFLAT) during a Lifeguard Water Rescue: A Simulation Pilot Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Roberto Barcala Furelos, Andrew Schmidt, José Manteiga Urbón, Silvia Aranda García, Martín Otero-Agra, Nicolò di Tullio, Joel de Oliveira, Santiago Martínez Isasi, Felipe Fernández-Méndez
Introduction: Control of massive hemorrhage (MH) is a life-saving intervention. The use of tourniquets has been studied in prehospital and battlefield settings but not in aquatic environments.Objective: The aim of this research is to assess the control of MH in an aquatic environment by analyzing the usability of two tourniquet models with different adjustment mechanisms: windlass rod versus ratchet
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Using High-Fidelity Virtual Reality for Mass-Casualty Incident Training by First Responders – A Systematic Review of the Literature Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Sara Heldring, Maria Jirwe, Jonas Wihlborg, Lukas Berg, Veronica Lindström
Introduction: First responders’ training and learning regarding how to handle a mass-casualty incident (MCI) is traditionally based on reading and/or training through computer-based scenarios, or sometimes through live simulations with actors. First responders should practice in realistic environments to narrow the theory-practice gap, and the possibility of repeating the training is important for
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Redesigning Prehospital Care: Fiji’s Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Anne Creaton, Ilikini Naitini, Lemecki Lenoa
The benefits of emergency care systems in low- and middle-income countries are well-described. Passed in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the World Health Assembly (WHA) Resolution 76.2 emphasizes the importance of communication, transportation and referral mechanisms, and the linkages between communities, primary care, and hospital care. Literature describing prehospital
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Description of the Public Safety Medical Response and Patient Encounters Within and During the Indianapolis (USA) Spring 2020 Civil Unrest Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Thomas P. Arkins, Mark Liao, Daniel O’Donnell, Nancy Glober, Gregory Faris, Elizabeth Weinstein, Michael W. Supples, Julia Vaizer, Benton R. Hunter, Thomas Lardaro
Objective: This study describes the local Emergency Medical Services (EMS) response and patient encounters corresponding to the civil unrest occurring over a four-day period in Spring 2020 in Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).Methods: This study describes the non-conventional EMS response to civil unrest. The study included patients encountered by EMS in the area of the civil unrest occurring in Indianapolis
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Suit Up: A Systematic Review of the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Recommended and Utilized by Various Classes of Responders to Nuclear Radiological Disasters at Nuclear Power Plants Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Chaverle K. Noel, Erica D. Bruce, Benjamin J. Ryan
Introduction: Interest in nuclear power as a cleaner and alternative energy source is increasing in many countries. Despite the relative safety of nuclear power, large-scale disasters such as the Fukushima Daiichi (Japan) and Chernobyl (Ukraine) meltdowns are a reminder that emergency preparedness and safety should be a priority. In an emergency situation, there is a need to balance the tension between
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Factors Associated with the Number of Injured and Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Intentional Mass-Casualty Incidents: A Timely Aid for Scaling the Emergency Response Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Eva Maria Valiño, Rafael Castro-Delgado, Silvia Sola Muñoz, Barry Lynam, Pedro Castro
Introduction: Intentional mass-casualty incidents (IMCIs) involving motor vehicles (MVs) as weapons represent a growing trend in Western countries. This method has resulted in the highest casualty rates per incident within the field of IMCIs. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement for a timely and accurate casualty estimation in MV-induced IMCIs to scale and adjust the necessary health care resources
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Footprint of Emergency Medicine Physicians in Disaster Medicine Publications: A Bibliometric Analysis Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Nurcan Biçakçi, Sercan Biçakçi
Introduction: Investigating the developments in the ever-growing field of disaster medicine and revealing the scientific trends will make an important contribution to researchers in related fields. This study aims to identify the contributions of emergency medicine physicians (EMPs) and trends in disaster medicine publications.Methods: The expressions “disaster medicine” or “disaster*” and “medicine*”
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The Utilization of Emergency Department and Outpatient Clinics among Evacuated Victims after the 2023 Turkey Earthquake Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Buğra İlhan, Oğuz Eroğlu, Hüseyin Çanak, Abdullah Arıkan, Münir Sakallı, Serkan Tursun, Turgut Deniz
Background: After the 2023 Turkey earthquake, thousands of people evacuated to different fields. Earthquake victims still need health care in the evacuation location. This study aims to determine the emergency department (ED) and outpatient clinic utilization characteristics of the evacuated earthquake victims outside the earthquake zone and to provide suggestions for planning the health care facilities
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Chickenpox Outbreaks in Three Refugee Camps on Mainland Greece, 2016-2017: A Retrospective Study Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Sarah Elizabeth Scales, Jee Won Park, Rebecca Nixon, Debarati Guha-Sapir, Jennifer A. Horney
Introduction: Displaced populations face disproportionately high risk of communicable disease outbreaks given the strains of travel, health care circumstances in their country of origin, and limited access to health care in receiving countries.Study Objective: Understanding the role of demographic characteristics in outbreaks is important for timely and efficient control measures. Accordingly, this
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High-Flow Nasal Cannula versus Bag Valve Mask for Preoxygenation during Rapid Sequence Intubation in the Emergency Department: A Single-Center, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Muhammed Fatih Cırıl, Mustafa Akarca, Ebru Unal Akoglu, Tuba Cimilli Ozturk, Özge Onur
Objective: Hypoxia is a frequently reported complication during the intubation procedure in the emergency department (ED) and may cause bad outcomes. Therefore, oxygenation plays an important role in emergency airway management. The efficacy of oxygenation with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in the ED has been studied, though the evidence is limited. The study aim was to compare two methods of preoxygenation
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The Effectiveness of Prehospital Subcutaneous Continuous Lactate Monitoring in Adult Trauma: A Systematic Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Jamie W. Scriven, Emir Battaloglu
Introduction: Existing diagnostics for polytrauma patients continue to rely on non-invasive monitoring techniques with limited sensitivity and specificity for critically unwell patients. Lactate is a known diagnostic and prognostic marker used in infection and trauma and has been associated with mortality, need for surgery, and organ dysfunction. Point-of-care (POC) testing allows for the periodic
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A Novel Algorithm for Improving the Prehospital Diagnostic Accuracy of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Mat Goebel, Lauren M. Westafer, Stephanie A. Ayala, El Ragone, Scott J. Chapman, Masood R. Mohammed, Marc R. Cohen, James T. Niemann, Marc Eckstein, Stephen Sanko, Nichole Bosson
Introduction: Early detection of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on the prehospital electrocardiogram (ECG) improves patient outcomes. Current software algorithms optimize sensitivity but have a high false-positive rate. The authors propose an algorithm to improve the specificity of STEMI diagnosis in the prehospital setting.Methods: A dataset of prehospital ECGs with verified outcomes
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“Smart Emergency Call Point” Enhancing Emergency Medical Services on University Campuses Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Korakot Apiratwarakul, Lap Woon Cheung, Chatkhane Pearkao, Dhanu Gaysonsiri, Kamonwon Ienghong
Introduction: The “Smart Emergency Call Point” is a device designed for requesting assistance and facilitating rapid responses to emergencies. The functionality of smart emergency call points has evolved to include features as real-time photo transmission and communication capabilities for both staff and emergency personnel. These devices are being used to request Emergency Medical Services (EMS) on
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EMS Responses for Pediatric Behavioral Health Emergencies in the United States: A 4-Year Descriptive Evaluation Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Lori L. Boland, Morgan K. Anderson, Jonathan R. Powell, Michael T. Patock, Ashish R. Panchal
Background:The occurrence of behavioral health emergencies (BHEs) in children is increasing in the United States, with patient presentations to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) behaving similarly. However, detailed evaluations of EMS encounters for pediatric BHEs at the national level have not been reported.Methods:This was a secondary analysis of a national convenience sample of EMS electronic patient
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Development and Validation of a New Tool to Improve the Accuracy of the Hospital Mass-Casualty Incident Response Plan Activation: The PEMAAF Score Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Claudia Ruffini, Monica Trentin, Alberto Corona, Marta Caviglia, Giuseppe Maria Sechi, Maurizio Migliari, Riccardo Stucchi, Luca Ragazzoni, Roberto Fumagalli
Introduction: Effective response to a mass-casualty incident (MCI) entails the activation of hospital MCI plans. Unfortunately, there are no tools available in the literature to support hospital responders in predicting the proper level of MCI plan activation. This manuscript describes the scientific-based approach used to develop, test, and validate the PEMAAF score (Proximity, Event, Multitude, Overcrowding
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Use of Simulation in Full-Scale Exercises for Response to Disasters and Mass-Casualty Incidents: A Scoping Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Jen Heng Pek, Li Juan Joy Quah, Martina Valente, Luca Ragazzoni, Francesco Della Corte
Disasters or mass-casualty incidents are uncommon events. The use of simulation is an ideal training modality in full-scale exercises as it immerses the participants in a replication of the actual environment where they can respond to simulated casualties in accordance with existing protocols. The objective of this scoping review is to answer the research question: “How effective is simulation, as
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Editorial Comments: The 2023 Model Core Content of Disaster Medicine Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Jeffrey Michael Franc, Samuel J. Stratton
The recently published Model Core Content of Disaster Medicine introduces proposed curriculum elements for specialized education and training in Disaster Medicine. This editorial comments on the publishing decision for the manuscript.
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The Importance of Prehospital and Disaster Medicine in Rural Areas in the Philippines. Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Jeff Clyde G Corpuz
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Large Language Model (LLM)-Powered Chatbots Fail to Generate Guideline-Consistent Content on Resuscitation and May Provide Potentially Harmful Advice Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Alexei A. Birkun, Adhish Gautam
Introduction: Innovative large language model (LLM)-powered chatbots, which are extremely popular nowadays, represent potential sources of information on resuscitation for the general public. For instance, the chatbot-generated advice could be used for purposes of community resuscitation education or for just-in-time informational support of untrained lay rescuers in a real-life emergency.Study Objective:
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Reply to: "Response to: Long-Term Mortality in Patients Transferred by Emergency Medical Services: Prospective Cohort Study". Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Francisco Martín-Rodríguez,Rodrigo Enríquez de Salamanca Gambara,Raúl López-Izquierdo,Ancor Sanz-García
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9-1-1 Activations from Ambulatory Care Centers: A Sicker Pediatric Population Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Theodore W. Heyming, Chloe Knudsen-Robbins, Shelby K. Shelton, Phung K. Pham, Shelley Brukman, Maxwell Wickens, Brooke Valdez, Kellie Bacon, Jonathan Thorpe, Kenneth T. Kwon, Carl Schultz
Background: Pediatric patients transferred by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) from urgent care (UC) and office-based physician practices to the emergency department (ED) following activation of the 9-1-1 EMS system are an under-studied population with scarce literature regarding outcomes for these children. The objectives of this study were to describe this population, explore EMS level-of-care transport
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Alcohol-Related Presentations to Emergency Departments on Days with Holidays, Social, and Sporting Events: An Integrative Literature Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Stephanie Rae Hagan, Julia Crilly, Jamie Ranse
Introduction: Events, specifically those where excessive alcohol consumption is common, pose a risk to increase alcohol-related presentations to emergency departments (EDs). Limited evidence exists that synthesizes the impact from events on alcohol-related presentations to EDs.Study Objective: This integrative review aimed to synthesize the literature regarding the impact events have on alcohol-related
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Application of Telemedicine in the Ambulance for Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Fatemeh Sarpourian, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh, Seyed Ali Fatemi Aghda, Zahra Zare
Introduction: The use of telemedicine for the prehospital management of emergency conditions, especially stroke, is increasing day by day. Few studies have investigated the applications of telemedicine in Emergency Medical Services (EMS). A comprehensive study of the applications of this technology in stroke patients in ambulances can help to build a better understanding. Therefore, this systematic
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The 2023 Model Core Content of Disaster Medicine Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Bryan J. Wexler, Carl Schultz, Paul D. Biddinger, Gregory Ciottone, Angela Cornelius, Robert Fuller, Roxanna Lefort, Andrew Milsten, James Phillips, Ira Nemeth
Introduction: Disaster Medicine (DM) is the clinical specialty whose expertise includes the care and management of patients and populations outside conventional care protocols. While traditional standards of care assume the availability of adequate resources, DM practitioners operate in situations where resources are not adequate, necessitating a modification in practice. While prior academic efforts
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Comparing TIMI, HEART, and GRACE Risk Scores to Predict Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and 30-Day Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Emergency Department Patients with NSTEACS Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Necmiye Yalcin Ocak, Murat Yesilaras, Baris Kilicaslan, Yesim Eyler, İnan Mutlu, Murat Kutlu
Background: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are hard to diagnose because their clinical presentation is broad. Current guidelines suggest early clinical risk stratification to the optimal site of care. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI); History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk Factors, Troponin (HEART); and Global Registry of Acute Coronary
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Impact of Smart Glasses on Patient Care Time in Emergency Medical Services Ambulance Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Korakot Apiratwarakul, Lap Woon Cheung, Kamonwon Ienghong
Introduction: The smart glasses were implemented as an innovative communication tool to enhance effectiveness in the field. The traditional mode of communication for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) was radio, which had significant restrictions, primarily that they were unable to transmit any visual data. To enhance efficiency, the smart glasses were used for a more accurate assessment of the condition
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Enhancing Triage and Management in Earthquake-Related Injuries: The SAFE-QUAKE Scoring System for Predicting Dialysis Requirements Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Sarper Yılmaz, Remzi Cetinkaya, Mehmet Ozel, Ali Cankut Tatliparmak, Rohat Ak
Objectives: Identifying early predictors of dialysis requirements in earthquake-related injuries is crucial for optimal resource allocation and timely intervention. This study aimed to develop a predictive scoring system, named SAFE-QUAKE (Seismic Assessment of Kidney Function to Rule Out Dialysis Requirement), to identify patients at high risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) and requiring
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Feasibility of Live Video Feed Transmission from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Medical Surveillance During the 2022 Montreal Marathon Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Raphaël Lafortune, Eddy Afram, Arielle Grossman, Ann-Rebecca Drolet, François de Champlain, David Iannuzzi, Valérie Homier
Introduction:In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been increasingly used for medical surveillance purposes in mass-gathering events. No studies have investigated the reliability of live video transmission from UAVs for accurate identification of distressed race participants in need of medical attention. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of time during which live
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Epidemiology of Trauma-Related Hemorrhage and Time to Definitive Care Across North America: Making the Case for Bleeding Control Education Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Allison R. Jones, Justin Miller, Michelle Brown
Introduction: Uncontrolled trauma-related hemorrhage remains the primary preventable cause of death among those with critical injury.Study Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the types of trauma associated with critical injury and trauma-related hemorrhage, and to determine the time to definitive care among patients treated at major trauma centers who were predicted to require
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Domains and Psychometric Properties of Scales Measuring Disaster Preparedness among General Population: A Systematic Literature Review Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Marwa Osman, Kerim Hakan Altıntaş
Introduction:There is no universal tool for measuring disaster preparedness in the general population. This study aimed to provide a summary of the domains and psychometric properties of the available scales that assess preparedness for disasters, or one of its main types, among individuals or households.Methods:This study is a systematic review of the literature on disaster preparedness tools. Studies
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Medical Assistance in the De-Occupied Ukrainian Territory Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Oleg V. Mazurenko, Georgiy G. Roshchin, Ivan Yo Slychko
Introduction: The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has affected more people and destroyed a local public health facility. When some territories in Ukraine were de-occupied, national and international mobile clinics (MCs) were involved for medical assistance to local inhabitants. Knowledge about population health, medical, and humanitarian needs after they have been de-occupied has to improve planning
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Toxic Fumes Exposure-More than Just an Airway Concern - RETRACTION. Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Shu Fang Ho,Mingwei Ng,Terence Chong,Kenneth Tan
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Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Earthquake Victims Presented to the Emergency Department with and without Crush Injury upon the 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) Earthquake Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Çağrı Safa Buyurgan, Seyran Bozkurt Babuş, Akif Yarkaç, Ataman Köse, Halil Oktay Usluer, Cüneyt Ayrık, Hüseyin Narcı, Gülhan Orekici Temel
Introduction: Earthquakes are sudden-onset natural disasters that are associated with substantial material damage, resulting in the collapse of built environment with a high rate of mortality, injury, and disability. Crush syndrome, which can be seen after devastating earthquakes, can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and patients may require amputation, fasciotomy, and dialysis. Supportive treatment
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Disasters in the Northern Triangle: A Descriptive Analysis Using the EM-DAT Database 1902-2022 Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 R. Myles Dickason, Attila J. Hertelendy, Alexander Hart, Gregory R. Ciottone
Introduction: Since 1902, disasters in the Northern Triangle of Central America, which consists of the countries Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, have caused over one-hundred-thousand deaths, affected millions of people, and caused tens of billions of dollars in damages. Understanding the nature and frequency of these events will allow stakeholders to decrease both the acute damages and the long-term
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Health System Response to the 2023 Floods in Emilia-Romagna, Italy: A Field Report Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Martina Valente, Maicol Zanellati, Giulia Facci, Nicola Zanna, Emilio Petrone, Erika Moretti, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Luca Ragazzoni
In May 2023, the Italian region Emilia-Romagna was hit by intense rainfall, which caused extensive floods in densely populated areas. On May 4, 2023, a 12-month state of emergency was declared in the region with the activation of response and recovery plans. This field report provides an overview of the health response to the floods, paying particular attention to the measures put in place to ensure
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Evaluation of Lac and NGAL on the Condition and Prognosis of Patients with Diquat Poisoning Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Qianqian Zhu, Wenpin Xu, Hongna Qi, Baoyue Zhu, Weizhan Wang
Aim: This study aims to explore the evaluation of lactic acid (Lac) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) on the condition and prognosis of patients with diquat (DQ) poisoning.Methods: A total of 79 cases of DQ poisoning treated in one hospital from January 2019 through February 2023 were included: 10 cases of mild poisoning, 49 cases of moderate to severe poisoning, and 20 cases of
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A Simulation Model for the Handheld Ultrasound Diagnosis of Pediatric Forearm Fractures Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Merve Eksioglu, Burcu Azapoglu Kaymak
Introduction: Handheld ultrasound (HHU) devices have gained prominence in emergency care settings and post-graduate training, but their application in the diagnosis of pediatric fractures remains under-explored. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of an HHU device for diagnosing pediatric forearm fractures using a simulation model.Methods: The materials for the basic
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Cadaveric Prehospital Amputation: Which Reciprocating Saw Blade Offers the Most Efficient Amputation Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Russell Baker, Patrick Popieluszko, Sara Mitchell, Sunny Baker, William Weiss
Objective: Field amputations are a low-frequency, high-risk procedure. Many prehospital personnel utilize the reciprocating saw. This study compares the efficiency, speed, and degree of tissue damage of different reciprocating saw blades found commercially.Methods: Amputations were performed on two human cadavers at different levels of the upper and lower extremities. Four different blades were used
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Ethical Decision Making in Disaster and Emergency Management: A Systematic Review of the Literature Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Joe Cuthbertson, Greg Penney
Ethical decision making in disaster and emergency management requires more than good intentions; it also asks for careful consideration and an explicit, systematic approach. The decisions made by leaders and the effects they have in a disaster must carry the confidence of the community to which they serve. Such decisions are critical in settings where resources are scarce; when decisions are perceived
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Sudden-Onset Disaster Mass-Casualty Incident Response: A Modified Delphi Study on Triage, Prehospital Life Support, and Processes Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Joe Cuthbertson, Eric Weinstein, Jeffrey Michael Franc, Peter Jones, Hamdi Lamine, Sabina Magalini, Daniele Gui, Kristina Lennquist, Federica Marzi, Alessandro Borrello, Pietro Fransvea, Andrea Fidanzio, Carlos Yanez Benítez, Gerhard Achaz, Bob Dobson, Nabeela Malik, Michael Neeki, Ronald Pirrallo, Rafael Castro Delgado, Giacomo Strapazzon, Marcelo Farah Dell’Aringa, Hermann Brugger, Chaim Rafalowsky
The application and provision of prehospital care in disasters and mass-casualty incident response in Europe is currently being explored for opportunities to improve practice. The objective of this translational science study was to align common principles of approach and action and to identify how technology can assist and enhance response. To achieve this objective, the application of a modified
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Dangerous Deception: Hoax Improvised Explosive Devices and their Impact on Prehospital Medical Care During Terrorist Attacks. Prehosp. Disaster Med. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Andrew Milne,Simon Hendel,Derrick Tin,Claire Park,Gregory Ciottone