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Optimization of volatile organic compounds sampling from dairy cow exhaled breath using polymer-based solid-phase extraction cartridges for gas chromatographic analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Julia Eichinger, Anna-Maria Reiche, Frigga Dohme-Meier, Pascal Fuchsmann
We explored appropriate technical setups for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaled cow breath by comparing six different polymer-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges currently on the market for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening. Exhaled breath was sampled at a single timepoint from five lactating dairy cows using six different SPE cartridges (Bond
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Detection of Clostridioides difficile infection by assessment of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Teny M John, Nabin K Shrestha, Leen Hasan, Kirk Pappan, Owen Birch, David Grove, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Priyanka Shrestha, Gary W Procop, Raed A Dweik
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infective diarrhea. Current methods for diagnosing CDI have limitations; enzyme immunoassays for toxin have low sensitivity and Clostridioides difficile polymerase chain reaction cannot differentiate infection from colonization. An ideal diagnostic test that incorporates microbial factors, host factors, and host-microbe
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Volatilomic profiles of gastric juice in gastric cancer patients J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Linda Mezmale, Daria Ślefarska-Wolak, Manohar Prasad Bhandari, Clemens Ager, Viktors Veliks, Veronika Patsko, Andrii Lukashenko, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Diana Noronha Nunes, Thais Fernanda Bartelli, Adriane Graicer Pelosof, Claudia Zitron Sztokfisz, Raúl Murillo, Agnieszka Królicka, Chris A Mayhew, Marcis Leja, Hossam Haick, Pawel Mochalski
Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The main objective of this study was to characterize the volatilomic signatures of gastric juice in order to identify potential alterations induced by gastric cancer. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, coupled with headspace solid phase microextraction as the pre-concentration
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Machine learning enabled detection of COVID-19 pneumonia using exhaled breath analysis: a proof-of-concept study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Ruth P Cusack, Robyn Larracy, Christian B Morrell, Maral Ranjbar, Jennifer Le Roux, Christiane E Whetstone, Maxime Boudreau, Patrick F Poitras, Thiviya Srinathan, Eric Cheng, Karen Howie, Catie Obminski, Tim O’Shea, Rebecca J Kruisselbrink, Terence Ho, Erik Scheme, Stephen Graham, Gisia Beydaghyan, Gail M Gavreau, MyLinh Duong
Detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) relies on real-time-reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs. The false-negative rate of RT-PCR can be high when viral burden and infection is localized distally in the lower airways and lung parenchyma. An alternate safe, simple and accessible method for sampling the lower airways
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Metabolic insights at the finish line: deciphering physiological changes in ultramarathon runners through breath VOC analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Hsuan Chou, Kayleigh Arthur, Elen Shaw, Chad Schaber, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Eli F Kelley, Glenn M Stewart, Courtney M Wheatley, Jesse Schwartz, Caitlin C Fermoyle, Briana L Ziegler, Kay A Johnson, Paul Robach, Patrick Basset, Bruce D Johnson
Exhaustive exercise can induce unique physiological responses in the lungs and other parts of the human body. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath are ideal for studying the effects of exhaustive exercise on the lungs due to the proximity of the breath matrix to the respiratory tract. As breath VOCs can originate from the bloodstream, changes in abundance should also indicate broader
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The optimization and comparison of two high-throughput faecal headspace sampling platforms: the microchamber/thermal extractor and hi-capacity sorptive extraction probes (HiSorb) J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Robert van Vorstenbosch, Alex Mommers, Daniëlle Pachen, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Agnieszka Smolinska
Disease detection and monitoring using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is becoming increasingly popular. For a variety of (gastrointestinal) diseases the microbiome should be considered. As its output is to large extent volatile, faecal volatilomics carries great potential. One technical limitation is that current faecal headspace analysis requires specialized instrumentation which is costly and
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Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation: a prospective cohort study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Xiao Xian Qian
Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation (FC) have never been revealed. To address this, this prospective cohort was conducted with 100 FC patients, who were divided into a halitosis group and a negative group. Organoleptic score (OLS) ⩾ 2 in nose breath was diagnosed as extra-oral halitosis. Concentration of overall volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by Halimeter
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Enterogenous extra-oral halitosis has a more severe impact on quality of life in females compared to males J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Xiao Xian Qian
Some studies have examined the impact of intra-oral halitosis on quality of life (QOL), but the impact of enterogenous extra-oral halitosis (EOH) on QOL has not been previously studied. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 88 patients with enterogenous EOH who visited our online halitosis clinic. A specialized halitosis associated life-quality test (HALT) questionnaire was used to assess
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Exhaled breath is found to be better than blood samples for determining propofol concentrations in the brain tissues of rats J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Xiaoxiao Li, Pan Chang, Xing Liu, Yi Kang, Zhongjun Zhao, Yixiang Duan, Jin Liu, Wensheng Zhang
The correlation between propofol concentration in exhaled breath (C E) and plasma (C P) has been well-established, but its applicability for estimating the concentration in brain tissues (C B) remains unknown. Given the impracticality of directly sampling human brain tissues, rats are commonly used as a pharmacokinetic model due to their similar drug-metabolizing processes to humans. In this study
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Real-time breath analysis towards a healthy human breath profile J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Zachary Joseph Sasiene, Erick Scott LeBrun, Eric Schaller, Phillip Michael Mach, Robert Taylor, Lionel Candelaria, Trevor Griffiths Glaros, Justin Baca, Ethan Matthew McBride
The direct analysis of molecules contained within human breath has had significant implications for clinical and diagnostic applications in recent decades. However, attempts to compare one study to another or to reproduce previous work are hampered by: variability between sampling methodologies, human phenotypic variability, complex interactions between compounds within breath, and confounding signals
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How well does your e-nose detect cancer? Application of artificial breath analysis for performance assessment J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Justin D M Martin, Falzone Claudia, Anne-Claude Romain
Comparing electronic nose (e-nose) performance is a challenging task because of a lack of standardised method. This paper proposes a method for defining and quantifying an indicator of the effectiveness of multi-sensor systems in detecting cancers by artificial breath analysis. To build this method, an evaluation of the performances of an array of metal oxide sensors built for use as a lung cancer
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Effectiveness of breath acetone monitoring in reducing body fat and improving body composition: a randomized controlled study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Seonggyu Choi, Minsuk Oh, Okimitsu Oyama, Dong-Hyuk Park, Sunghyun Hong, Tae Ho Lee, Junho Hwang, Hyun-Sook Lee, Yong-Sahm Choe, Wooyoung Lee, Justin Y Jeon
When attempts to lose body fat mass frequently fail, breath acetone (BA) monitoring may assist fat mass loss during a low-carbohydrate diet as it can provide real-time body fat oxidation levels. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of monitoring BA levels and providing feedback on fat oxidation during a three-week low-carbohydrate diet intervention. Forty-seven participants
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Non-invasive detection of renal disease biomarkers through breath analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Manoj Khokhar
Breath biomarkers are substances found in exhaled breath that can be used for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of medical conditions, including kidney disease. Detection techniques include mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography (GC), and electrochemical sensors. Biosensors, such as GC-MS or electronic nose (e-nose) devices, can be used to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled
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A novel coupling technique based on thermal desorption gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry for breath analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 Hannah Schanzmann, Veronika Ruzsanyi, Parviz Ahmad-Nejad, Ursula Telgheder, Stefanie Sielemann
Exhaled breath analysis is evolving into an increasingly important non-invasive diagnostic tool. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath contain information about health status and are promising biomarkers for several diseases, including respiratory infections caused by bacteria. To monitor the composition of VOCs in breath or the emission of VOCs from bacteria, sensitive analytical techniques
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Impact of thermal desorption tubes on the variability of exhaled breath data J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Anne E Jung, Christina N Davidson, Christopher J Land, Aubrianne I Dash, Barlow T Guess, Heidi S Edmonds, Rhonda L Pitsch, Sean W Harshman
Due to the overall low abundance of volatile compounds in exhaled breath, it is necessary to preconcentrate the sample prior to traditional thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. While certain aspects of TD tubes, such as volatile storage, have been evaluated, many aspects remain uncharacterized. Two common TD tubes, Tenax TA and Biomonitoring 5TD tubes, were evaluated
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Device comparison study to measure nasal nitric oxide in relation to primary ciliary dyskinesia J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Nils Oskar Jõgi, Karin Ersson, Kjell Alving, Christina Krantz, Andrei Malinovschi
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic respiratory disease characterized by chronic cough, recurrent respiratory infections, and rhinosinusitis. The measurement of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) against resistance has been suggested as a sensitive screening method. However, current recommendations argue for the use of expensive, chemiluminescence devices to measure nNO. This study aimed to compare
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Preservation of exhaled breath samples for analysis by off-line SESI-HRMS: proof-of-concept study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Rosa A Sola-Martínez, Jiafa Zeng, Mo Awchi, Amanda Gisler, Kim Arnold, Kapil Dev Singh, Urs Frey, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente, Pablo Sinues
Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) is an established technique in the field of breath analysis characterized by its short analysis time, as well as high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. Traditionally, SESI-HRMS has been used for real-time breath analysis, which requires subjects to be at the location of the analytical platform. Therefore, it limits
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A clinical proteomics study of exhaled breath condensate and biomarkers for pulmonary embolism J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Inger Lise Gade, Signe Juul Riddersholm, Thomas Stilling-Vinther, Rasmus Froberg Brøndum, Tue Bjerg Bennike, Bent Honoré
Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be a diagnostic challenge. Current diagnostic markers for PE are unspecific and new diagnostic tools are needed. The air we exhale is a possible new source for biomarkers which can be tapped into by analysing the exhaled breath condensate (EBC). We analysed the EBC from patients with PE and controls to investigate if the EBC is a useful source for new diagnostic biomarkers
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A benchmark study of data normalisation methods for PTR-TOF-MS exhaled breath metabolomics J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Camille Roquencourt, Elodie Lamy, Emmanuelle Bardin, Philippe Devillier, Stanislas Grassin-Delyle
Volatilomics is the branch of metabolomics dedicated to the analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for medical diagnostic or therapeutic monitoring purposes. Real-time mass spectrometry (MS) technologies such as proton transfer reaction (PTR) MS are commonly used, and data normalisation is an important step to discard unwanted variation from non-biological sources, as batch effects
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Inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate in nonasthmatic children with food allergy J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Ozge Yilmaz, Seda Tunca, Adem Yasar, Merve Ocalan, Fatma Taneli, Hasan Yuksel
Allergy is a systemic inflammation; therefore, although the allergic symptom may be seen in a specific organ system, the effects of this inflammation may be seen in other organs. interleukin (IL) IL4, IL5 and IL13 are the major Th2 cytokines and e-cadherin is an epithelial barrier protein. The objective of this research was to assess indicators of inflammation specific to Th2 responses and proteins
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Single breath counting technique to assess pulmonary function: a systematic review and meta-analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Glívia Maria Barros Delmondes, Nathália Ferreira Santos Couto, Murilo Gominho Antunes Correia Junior, Amanda Bezerra da Silva Bonifácio, Ricardo de Freitas Dias, Jorge Bezerra, Marcos André de Moura Santos, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Emília Chagas Costa, Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Junior
Pulmonary function is usually assessed by measuring Vital Capacity (VC) using equipment such as a spirometer or ventilometer, but these are not always available to the population, as they are relatively expensive tests, difficult to transport and require trained professionals. However, the single breath counting technique (SBCT) appears as a possible alternative to respiratory function tests, to help
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A feasibility study on exhaled breath analysis using UV spectroscopy to detect COVID-19 J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Saurin R Sutaria, James D Morris, Zhenzhen Xie, Elizabeth A Cooke, Shavonne M Silvers, Grace A Long, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie W Parrish, Holly Aliesky, Forest W Arnold, Jiapeng Huang, Xiao-An Fu, Michael H Nantz
A 23-subject feasibility study is reported to assess how UV absorbance measurements on exhaled breath samples collected from silicon microreactors can be used to detect COVID-19. The silicon microreactor technology chemoselectively preconcentrates exhaled carbonyl volatile organic compounds and subsequent methanol elution provides samples for analysis. The underlying scientific rationale that viral
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Why have only a handful of breath tests made the transition from R&D to clinical practice? J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Anil S Modak
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Increased breath naphthalene in children with asthma and wheeze of the All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE) J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 P Shahrokny, N Maison, L Riemann, M Ehrmann, D DeLuca, S Schuchardt, D Thiele, M Weckmann, A M Dittrich, B Schaub, F Brinkmann, G Hansen, M V Kopp, E von Mutius, K F Rabe, T Bahmer, J M Hohlfeld, R Grychtol, O Holz, The ALLIANCE Study Group*
Exhaled breath contains numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) known to be related to lung disease like asthma. Its collection is non-invasive, simple to perform and therefore an attractive method for the use even in young children. We analysed breath in children of the multicenter All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE) to evaluate if ‘breathomics’ have the potential to phenotype patients with asthma
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3D computational fluid and particle dynamics simulations: metrics of aerosol capture by impaction filters * * Contribution of NIST; not subject to U.S. copyright. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, software, or materials are identified in this paper in order to specify the experimental procedure and virtual experimentation adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Veruska Malavé, Kavita Jeerage, Edward Garboczi, Tara Lovestead
Human studies provide valuable information on components or analytes recovered from exhaled breath, but there are limitations due to inter-individual and intra-individual variation. Future development and implementation of breath tests based on aerosol analysis require a clear understanding of how human factors interact with device geometry to influence particle transport and deposition. The computational
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SNPs in FAM13A and IL2RB genes are associated with FeNO in adult subjects with asthma J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Simone Accordini, Valentina Lando, Lucia Calciano, Cristina Bombieri, Giovanni Malerba, Antonino Margagliotti, Cosetta Minelli, James Potts, Diana A van der Plaat, Mario Olivieri
Nitric oxide has different roles in asthma as both an endogenous modulator of airway function and a pro-inflammatory mediator. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a reliable, quantitative, non-invasive, simple, and safe biomarker for assessing airways inflammation in asthma. Previous genome-wide and genetic association studies have shown that different genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms
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Exhaled nitric oxide in intubated ICU patients on mechanical ventilation—a feasibility study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Andreas Kofoed, Mathias Hindborg, Jeppe Hjembæk-Brandt, Christian Dalby Sørensen, Mette Kolpen, Morten H Bestle
It can be a clinical challenge to distinguish inflammation from infection in critically ill patients. Therefore, valid and conclusive surrogate markers for infections are desired. Nitric oxide (NO) might be that marker since concentrations of exhaled NO have shown to change in the presence of various diseases. This observational, prospective, single-center feasibility study aimed to investigate if
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Determining the clinical utility of a breath test for screening an asbestos-exposed population for pleural mesothelioma: baseline results J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Kathleen Zwijsen, Eline Schillebeeckx, Eline Janssens, Joris Van Cleemput, Tom Richart, Veerle F Surmont, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Elly Marcq, Jan P van Meerbeeck, Kevin Lamote
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive cancer of the serosal lining of the thoracic cavity, predominantly caused by asbestos exposure. Due to nonspecific symptoms, PM is characterized by an advanced-stage diagnosis, resulting in a dismal prognosis. However, early diagnosis improves patient outcome. Currently, no diagnostic biomarkers or screening tools are available. Therefore, exhaled breath was
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Prediction of systemic free and total valproic acid by off-line analysis of exhaled breath in epileptic children and adolescents J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Mo Awchi, Kapil Dev Singh, Patricia E Dill, Urs Frey, Alexandre N Datta, Pablo Sinues
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of medications with a narrow therapeutic window is a common clinical practice to minimize toxic effects and maximize clinical outcomes. Routine analyses rely on the quantification of systemic blood concentrations of drugs. Alternative matrices such as exhaled breath are appealing because of their inherent non-invasive nature. This is especially the case for pediatric
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Effect of ambient temperature and respiration rate on nasal dominance: preliminary findings from a nostril-specific wearable J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Amit Kumar, Deepak Joshi
The nasal dominance (ND) determination is crucial for nasal synchronized ventilator, optimum nasal drug delivery, identifying brain hemispheric dominance, nasal airway obstruction surgery, mindfulness breathing, and for possible markers of a conscious state. Given these wider applications of ND, it is interesting to understand the patterns of ND with varying temperature and respiration rates. In this
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Changes in lung epithelial cell volatile metabolite profile induced by pro-fibrotic stimulation with TGF-β1 J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Conal Hayton, Waqar Ahmed, Peter Cunningham, Karen Piper-Hanley, Laurence Pearmain, Nazia Chaudhuri, Colm Leonard, John F Blaikley, Stephen J Fowler
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have shown promise as potential biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Measuring VOCs in the headspace of in vitro models of lung fibrosis may offer a method of determining the origin of those detected in exhaled breath. The aim of this study was to determine the VOCs associated with two lung cell lines (A549 and MRC-5 cells) and changes associated with stimulation
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Diagnostic accuracy of eNose ‘breathprints’ for therapeutic drug monitoring of Tacrolimus trough levels in lung transplantation J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Nynke Wijbenga, Marjolein M Muller, Rogier A S Hoek, Bas J Mathot, Leonard Seghers, Joachim G J V Aerts, Brenda C M de Winter, Daniel Bos, Olivier C Manintveld, Merel E Hellemons
In order to prevent long-term immunity-related complications after lung transplantation, close monitoring of immunosuppressant levels using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is paramount. Novel electronic nose (eNose) technology may be a non-invasive alternative to the current invasive procedures for TDM. We investigated the diagnostic and categorization capacity of eNose breathprints for Tacrolimus
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Alveolar gradients in breath analysis. A pilot study with comparison of room air and inhaled air by simultaneous measurements using ion mobility spectrometry J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 M Westhoff, M Keßler, J I Baumbach
Analyzing exhaled breath samples, especially using a highly sensitive method such as MCC/IMS (multi-capillary column/ion mobility spectrometry), may also detect analytes that are derived from exogenous production. In this regard, there is a discussion about the optimal interpretation of exhaled breath, either by considering volatile organic compounds (VOCs) only in exhaled breath or by additionally
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A low-cost internal standard loader for solid-phase sorbing tools J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 F M Vivaldi, S Reale, S Ghimenti, D Biagini, A Lenzi, T Lomonaco, F Di Francesco
Solid-phase sorption is widely used for the analysis of gaseous specimens as it allows at the same time to preconcentrate target analytes and store samples for relatively long periods. The addition of internal standards (ISs) in the analytical workflow can greatly reduce the variability of the analyses and improve the reliability of the protocols. In this work, we describe the development and testing
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Evaluation of different classification methods using electronic nose data to diagnose sarcoidosis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Iris G van der Sar, Nynke van Jaarsveld, Imme A Spiekerman, Floor J Toxopeus, Quint L Langens, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Justin Dauwels, Catharina C Moor
Electronic nose (eNose) technology is an emerging diagnostic application, using artificial intelligence to classify human breath patterns. These patterns can be used to diagnose medical conditions. Sarcoidosis is an often difficult to diagnose disease, as no standard procedure or conclusive test exists. An accurate diagnostic model based on eNose data could therefore be helpful in clinical decision-making
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Artificial intelligence can dynamically adjust strategies for auxiliary diagnosing respiratory diseases and analyzing potential pathological relationships J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Quan Zhang, Binyue Chen, Guohua Liu
Respiratory diseases are one of the leading causes of human death and exacerbate the global burden of non-communicable diseases. Finding a method to assist clinicians pre-diagnose these diseases is an urgent task. Existing artificial intelligence-based methods can improve the clinical diagnosis efficiency, but still face challenges. For example, the lack of interpretability, the problem of information
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Breath analysis combined with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiography for monitoring heart failure patients: the AEOLUS protocol J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Denise Biagini, Nicola R Pugliese, Federico M Vivaldi, Silvia Ghimenti, Alessio Lenzi, Francesca De Angelis, Matyas Ripszam, Tobias Bruderer, Silvia Armenia, Federica Cappeli, Stefano Taddei, Stefano Masi, Fabio Di Francesco, Tommaso Lomonaco
This paper describes the AEOLUS pilot study which combines breath analysis with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and an echocardiographic examination for monitoring heart failure (HF) patients. Ten consecutive patients with a prior clinical diagnosis of HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction were prospectively enrolled together with 15 control patients with cardiovascular risk factors
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Publisher's Note: 'Revisiting the Rationale of Mandatory Masking' (2023J. Breath Res. 4 042001). J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-07
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Revisiting the rationale of mandatory masking J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Jonathan D Beauchamp, Chris A Mayhew
In this perspective, we review the evidence for the efficacy of face masks to reduce the transmission of respiratory viruses, specifically severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and consider the value of mandating universal mask wearing against the widespread negative impacts that have been associated with such measures. Before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it was considered that
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Oxylipin concentration shift in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Eva Borras, Mitchell M McCartney, Dante E Rojas, Tristan L Hicks, Nam K Tran, Tina Tham, Maya M Juarez, Lisa Franzi, Richart W Harper, Cristina E Davis, Nicholas J Kenyon
Infection of airway epithelial cells with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe respiratory tract damage and lung injury with hypoxia. It is challenging to sample the lower airways non-invasively and the capability to identify a highly representative specimen that can be collected in a non-invasive way would provide opportunities to investigate metabolomic consequences
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Effect of immune responses on breath methane dynamics J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Daniela Polag, Frank Keppler
Methane (CH4) which can be detected in human breath has long been exclusively associated with anaerobic microbial activity (methanogenesis) in the gastrointestinal tract. However, recent studies challenge this understanding by revealing that CH4 might also be produced endogenously in cells through oxidative–reductive stress reactions. Consequently, variations in breath CH4 levels compared to an individual’s
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Cross-validation of the peppermint benchmarking experiment across three analytical platforms J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Y Lan Pham, Ruyi Yu, Jonathan Beauchamp
The Peppermint Experiment is a breath analysis benchmarking initiative that seeks to address the lack of inter-comparability of outcomes across independent breath biomarker studies. In this experiment, the washout profiles of volatile terpene constituents of encapsulated peppermint oil (mainly α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene and 1,8-cineole) in exhaled breath are characterized through a series of measurements
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Food and lifestyle impact on breath VOCs using portable mass spectrometer—pilot study across European countries J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Milena Aleksić, Andrea Simeon, Djordje Vujić, Stamatios Giannoukos, Boris Brkić
In the modern world, many people are changing old dietary and lifestyle habits to improve the quality of their living—to treat or just prevent possible diseases. The main goal of this pilot study was to assess the food and lifestyle impact on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various population groups. It was done by employing a recently validated portable membrane-inlet mass spectrometer—MIMS
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Lactate in exhaled breath condensate and its correlation to cancer: challenges, promises and a call for data J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 Veronika Ruzsányi, Miklós Péter Kalapos
Owing to its connection to cancer metabolism, lactate is a compound that has been a focus of interest in field of cancer biochemistry for more than a century. Exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and condensate analyses can identify and monitor volatile and non-VOCs, respectively, present in exhaled breath to gain information about the health state of an individual. This work aims to take
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Predicting particle deposition using a simplified 8-path in silico human lung prototype J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 R Barrio-Perotti, N Martín-Fernández, C Vigil-Díaz, K Walters, A Fernández-Tena
Understanding particle deposition in the human lung is crucial for the assessment of environmental pollutants and the design of new drug delivery systems. Traditionally, research has been carried out by experimental analysis, but this generally requires expensive equipment and exposure of volunteers to radiation, resulting in limited data. To overcome these drawbacks, there is an emphasis on the development
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Establishing a cell-based screening workflow for determining the efficiency of CYP2C9 metabolism: moving towards the use of breath volatiles in personalised medicine J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Franziska Lochmann, Aleksandar Nikolajevic, Valentina Stock, Sarah Kammerer, Monica L Fernández-Quintero, Johannes R Loeffler, Klaus R Liedl, Jakob Troppmair, Chris A Mayhew, Veronika Ruzsanyi
The use of volatile biomarkers in exhaled breath as predictors to individual drug response would advance the field of personalised medicine by providing direct information on enzyme activity. This would result in enormous benefits, both for patients and for the healthcare sector. Non-invasive breath tests would also gain a high acceptance by patients. Towards this goal, differences in metabolism resulting
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Screening for volatile biomarkers of colorectal cancer by analyzing breath and fecal samples using thermal desorption combined with GC-MS (TD-GC-MS) J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 Monika Śmiełowska, Tomasz Ligor, Wojciech Kupczyk, Jacek Szeliga, Marek Jackowski, Bogusław Buszewski
Breath and fecal VOCs, among others, represent a new and encouraging clinical practice for the differential diagnosis of CRC. The purpose of our research was to identify VOCs present in exhaled air and feces of 20 HVs and 15 CRC patients. For collection of gas phase released from feces, emission microchambers were applied. Sorption tubes were used to enrich analytes for both breath and fecal samples
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Identification of a characteristic VOCs pattern in the exhaled breath of post-COVID subjects: are metabolic alterations induced by the infection still detectable? J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Alessia Di Gilio, Jolanda Palmisani, Arcangelo Picciariello, Carlo Zambonin, Antonella Aresta, Nicoletta De Vietro, Silvana A Franchini, Gianrocco Ventrella, Marirosa R Nisi, Sabina Licen, Pierluigi Barbieri, Donato F Altomare, Gianluigi de Gennaro
SARS-CoV-2 is expected to cause metabolic alterations due to viral replication and the host immune response resulting in increase of cytokine secretion and cytolytic activity. The present prospective observational study is addressed at exploring the potentialities of breath analysis in discrimination between patients with a documented previous history of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and, at the
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Sterilization and reuse of masks for a standardized exhaled breath collection device by autoclaving J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Samuel T Shawn, Sean W Harshman, Christina N Davidson, Jae Hwan Lee, Anne E Jung, Ariel Parker, M Aaron Hawkins, Blake W Stamps, Rhonda L Pitsch, Jennifer A Martin
Exhaled breath research has been hindered by a lack of standardization in collection and analysis methodologies. Recently, the Respiration Collector for In Vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampling device has illustrated the potential to provide a consistent and convenient method for exhaled breath collection onto adsorbent media. However, the significant costs, compared to exhaled breath bags, associated with
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Exhaled breath condensate profiles of U.S. Navy divers following prolonged hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and nitrogen-oxygen (Nitrox) chamber exposures J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 David M Fothergill, Eva Borras, Mitchell M McCartney, Edward S Schelegle, Cristina E Davis
Prolonged exposure to hyperbaric hyperoxia can lead to pulmonary oxygen toxicity (PO2tox). PO2tox is a mission limiting factor for special operations forces divers using closed-circuit rebreathing apparatus and a potential side effect for patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment. In this study, we aim to determine if there is a specific breath profile of compounds in exhaled breath condensate
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Profiling volatile organic compounds from human plasma using GC × GC-ToFMS J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Ning Sun, Preethi Krishnan, Christiaan A Rees, Mingming Zhang, Keisean A J M Stevenson, Jane E Hill
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) originating from human metabolic activities can be detected in, for example, breath, urine, feces, and blood. Thus, attention has been given to identifying VOCs from the above matrices. Studies identifying and measuring human blood VOCs are limited to those focusing on monitoring specific pollutants, or blood storage and/or decomposition. However, a comprehensive characterization
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Review of linear and nonlinear models in breath analysis by Cyranose 320 J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-26 Maryan Arrieta, Barbara Swanson, Louis Fogg, Abhinav Bhushan
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath specimens has potential for point of care (POC) screening due to ease of sample collection. While the electronic nose (e-nose) is a standard VOC measure across a wide range of industries, it has not been adopted for POC screening in healthcare. One limitation of the e-nose is the absence of mathematical models of data analysis that yield easily
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THC in breath aerosols collected with an impaction filter device before and after legal-market product inhalation—a pilot study J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Kavita M Jeerage, Cheryle N Beuning, Adam J Friss, L Cinnamon Bidwell, Tara M Lovestead
An accurate cannabis breathalyzer based on quantitation of the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) could be an important tool for deterring impaired driving. Such a device does not exist. Simply translating what is known about alcohol breathalyzers is insufficient because ethanol is detected as a vapor. THC has extremely low volatility and is hypothesized to be carried in breath
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Volatolomics analysis of exhaled breath and gastric-endoluminal gas for distinguishing early upper gastrointestinal cancer from benign J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 Chengfang Xiang, Hang Yang, Zhongjun Zhao, Fulong Deng, Yantong Lv, Yanting Yang, Yixiang Duan, Wenwen Li, Bing Hu
Exhaled breath and gastric-endoluminal gas (volatile products of diseased tissues) contain a large number of volatile organic compounds, which are valuable for early diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer. In this study, exhaled breath and gastric-endoluminal gas of patients with UGI cancer and benign disease were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultraviolet photoionization
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Emissions and uptake of volatiles by sampling components in breath analysis J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 Y Lan Pham, Olaf Holz, Jonathan Beauchamp
The first and most crucial step in breath research is adequate sampling, which plays a pivotal role in quality assurance of breath datasets. In particular, the emissions or uptake of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by sampling interface materials present a risk of disrupting breath gas samples. This study investigated emissions and uptake by three interface components, namely a silicon facemask,
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Association between one-year exposure to air pollution and the prevalence of pulmonary nodules in China J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Yuanyuan Cao, Tao Sun, Zhanpeng Wang, Fang Lei, Lijin Lin, Xingyuan Zhang, Xiaohui Song, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Peng Zhang, Zhi-Gang She, Jingjing Cai, Shujuan Yang, Peng Jia, Jian Li, Hongliang Li
PM2.5 is a well-known airborne hazard to cause various diseases. Evidence suggests that air pollution exposure contributes to the occurrence of pulmonary nodules. Pulmonary nodules detected on the computed tomography scans can be malignant or progress to malignant during follow-up. But the evidence of the association between PM2.5 exposure and pulmonary nodules was limited. To examine potential associations
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A review on isoprene in human breath J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-19 P Mochalski, J King, C A Mayhew, K Unterkofler
We summarize the history and review the literature on isoprene in exhaled breath and discuss the current evidence and models that describe its endogenous origin and consequence for understanding isoprene levels and their variations in exhaled breath.
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In vitro-in vivo correlation of aerosol deposition before and after metered-dose inhaler coaching in healthy children J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-13 Michael D Davis, Jessica L Saunders, Coral Ringer, Rebecca Engberg, Yi Zhao, Robert M DiBlasi, Bruce K Rubin
Although pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) education is a routine part of childhood asthma management and encouraging ‘optimal breathing patterns’ (i.e. slowly, deeply, completely, and with a mouth seal on the mouthpiece) is an integral part of recommended pMDI education, there is currently no quantifiable way to determine if a child is inhaling their medication correctly or optimally through
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Breath analysis by ultra-sensitive broadband laser spectroscopy detects SARS-CoV-2 infection J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Qizhong Liang, Ya-Chu Chan, Jutta Toscano, Kristen K Bjorkman, Leslie A Leinwand, Roy Parker, Eva S Nozik, David J Nesbitt, Jun Ye
Rapid testing is essential to fighting pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Exhaled human breath contains multiple volatile molecules providing powerful potential for non-invasive diagnosis of diverse medical conditions. We investigated breath detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection using cavity-enhanced
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A review on electronic nose for diagnosis and monitoring treatment response in lung cancer J. Breath Res. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Rohit Vadala, Bijay Pattnaik, Sunil Bangaru, Divyanjali Rai, Jaya Tak, Seetu Kashyap, Umashankar Verma, Geetika Yadav, RS Dhaliwal, Saurabh Mittal, Vijay Hadda, Karan Madan, Randeep Guleria, Anurag Agrawal, Anant Mohan
Lung cancer is one of the common malignancies with high mortality rate and a poor prognosis. Most lung cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage either due to limited resources of infrastructure, trained human resources, or delay in clinical suspicion. Low-dose computed tomography has emerged as a screening tool for lung cancer detection but this may not be a feasible option for most developing