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Evaluation of muscle mass and intramuscular fatty infiltration in dogs with hypercortisolism and their association with prognosis J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Kei Yoshida, Yui Kobatake, Satoshi Takashima, Naohito Nishii
BackgroundMuscle atrophy and intramuscular fatty infiltration, as well as their association with prognosis, have not been quantified in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism (HC).ObjectiveTo quantitatively evaluate muscle atrophy and IM fatty infiltration in dogs with HC and determine their prognostic impact.AnimalsFifty‐three dogs with HC and 66 control dogs without HC.MethodsRetrospective cohort
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Comparative study of the bronchodilator efficacy and adverse effects of salbutamol and hyoscine butylbromide in horses with severe asthma J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Berta Mozo Vives, Sophie Mainguy-Seers, Jean-Pierre Lavoie
Salbutamol and hyoscine butylbromide (HBB) are commonly used bronchodilators in horses with severe asthma (SA).
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Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in Irish Wolfhounds eating high-pulse or low-pulse diets J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Lily M. Coppinger, Lisa M. Freeman, William D. Tyrrell, Steven L. Rosenthal, Mariellen E. Dentino, Frances L. Abrams, John E. Rush
Apparently healthy dogs of various breeds eating nontraditional, high-pulse diets can have larger left ventricular diameter, lower systolic function, and more ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) compared with dogs eating traditional, low-pulse diets. It is unknown whether Irish Wolfhounds eating high-pulse diets have similar cardiac abnormalities.
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Clinical findings and outcome predictors for multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in horses: 46 cases (2009‐2019) J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Amanda Craven, Amy Todd‐Donato, Tracy Stokol, Rachel Liepman, Ilana Glasberg, Pamela Wilkins, Daniela Luethy, David Wong, Angelika Schoster, Astrid J. van den Brom ‐ Spierenburg, Joy E. Tomlinson
BackgroundPrognostic indicators for equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF), an interstitial fibrosing lung disease, are poorly described.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDescribe diagnostic findings and outcome predictors for EMPF.AnimalsForty‐six adult horses with EMPF.MethodsRetrospective multicenter case series from 2009 to 2019. Radiographic (n = 27) and ultrasonographic studies (n = 19) from EMPF horses
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Utility of immature platelet fraction in the Sysmex XN‐1000V for the differential diagnosis of central and peripheral thrombocytopenia in dogs and cats J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Alejandro Perez‐Ecija, Carmen Martinez, Julio Fernandez‐Castañer, Francisco J. Mendoza
BackgroundThe immature platelet fraction (IPF), a parameter obtained by the Sysmex XN‐1000V analyzer, is used in humans to differentiate between central (CEN) and peripheral (PER) thrombocytopenia (TP) but has not been evaluated in small animals.ObjectivesCompare IPF between healthy, clinical non‐TP and TP dogs and cats, study IPF in different causes of TP in dogs and cats and, establish IPF reference
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Prognostic potential of copper, zinc, copper/zinc ratio, cobalamin, and serum amyloid A in cats with panleukopenia J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Kerim Emre Yanar, Sümeyye Baysal, Nergis Ulaş, Mustafa Sinan Aktaş, Mehmet Özkan Timurkan, Hakan Aydın
BackgroundCopper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and the copper/zinc ratio (Cu/Zn), which have been studied in gastrointestinal disorders of humans, may facilitate disease prognosis.ObjectiveEvaluate the predictive potential of Cu, Zn, cobalamin, and serum amyloid A (SAA) as prognostic indicators in cats with feline panleukopenia (FPV) on admission.AnimalsClient‐owned cats diagnosed with FPV and controls.MethodsSerum
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Long‐term performance of show‐jumping horses and relationship with severity of ataxia and complications associated with myeloencephalopathy caused by equine herpes virus‐1 J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 María de la Cuesta‐Torrado, Ana Velloso Alvarez, Patricia Neira‐Egea, Juan Cuervo‐Arango
BackgroundEquine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) has severe impact on the sport horse population.ObjectiveStudy the influence of EHM on the likelihood of affected horses to return to their previous performance and investigate the association of clinical variables with prognosis.AnimalsTwenty‐six horses positive for equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV‐1) were admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital
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Prognostic indicators of outcome in nonambulatory beef cattle presented to 2 referral hospitals: A retrospective study of 63 cases J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Diana Perez‐Solano, Emily J. Reppert, Jenna E. Stockler, Pankaj Gaonkar, Laura Huber, Thomas Passler, Jenna E. Bayne, Manuel F. Chamorro
BackgroundDown cow syndrome is commonly described in dairy cattle. The diagnosis and treatment of nonambulatory cattle is challenging and prognostic indicators of this condition in beef cattle have not been determined.ObjectivesEvaluate records of beef cattle (≥2 years of age) presented to 2 referral hospitals for inability to stand and identify prognostic indicators for survival to discharge.AnimalsSixty‐three
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A de novo nonsense variant in the DMD gene associated with X‐linked dystrophin‐deficient muscular dystrophy in a cat J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Nozomu Yokoyama, Yuki Matsumoto, Takahisa Yamaguchi, Kazuki Okada, Ryohei Kinoshita, Genya Shimbo, Hisashi Ukawa, Ryuga Ishii, Kensuke Nakamura, Jumpei Yamazaki, Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
BackgroundX‐linked dystrophin‐deficient muscular dystrophy (MD) is a form of MD caused by variants in the DMD gene. It is a fatal disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles.Hypothesis/ObjectivesIdentify deleterious genetic variants in DMD by whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) using a next‐generation sequencer.AnimalsOne MD‐affected cat, its parents, and 354 cats from
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Safety profile and effects on the peripheral immune response of fecal microbiota transplantation in clinically healthy dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Mary Ann Lee, Maria Questa, Patrawin Wanakumjorn, Amir Kol, Bridget McLaughlin, Bart C. Weimer, Agostino Buono, Jan S. Suchodolski, Sina Marsilio
BackgroundFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is increasingly used for gastrointestinal and extra‐gastrointestinal diseases in veterinary medicine. However, its effects on immune responses and possible adverse events have not been systematically investigated.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDetermine the short‐term safety profile and changes in the peripheral immune system after a single FMT administration
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Equine neuroaxonal dystrophy/degenerative myeloencephalopathy in Gypsy Vanner horses J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Alexis Powers, Simon F. Peek, Steve Reed, Callum G. Donnelly, Stacey Tinkler, David Gasper, Kevin D. Woolard, Carrie J. Finno
BackgroundEquine neuroaxonal dystrophy/degenerative myeloencephalopathy (eNAD/EDM) is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects young, genetically predisposed horses that are deficient in vitamin E. Equine NAD/EDM has not previously been documented in Gypsy Vanner horses (GVs).ObjectivesTo evaluate: (1) the clinical phenotype, blood vitamin E concentrations before and after supplementation
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The effect of feeding on serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, trypsin-like immunoreactivity, and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in dogs with signs of chronic gastrointestinal disease J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Ashley Melco, Jessica C. Pritchard, Scott J. Hetzel, Alexander Saver, Joao Pedro Cavasin, Jörg M. Steiner
It is unknown if serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI), and canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI) obtained postprandially are equivalent to measurements obtained after withholding food in dogs with suspected gastrointestinal disease.
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Malignant transformation and subsequent leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a gastric polyp in a dog J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Dillon S. Didehvar, Matthew R. Lanza, Matthew J. Atherton, Jennifer A. Lenz
Progressive carcinogenesis of a gastric polyp with transformation to gastric adenocarcinoma and subsequent development of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is described in an adult male Scottish terrier. Presenting clinical signs consisted of vomiting with intermittent hematemesis. Surgical biopsies over the course of 14 months documented the progression from gastric polyp to minimally invasive gastric
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Response to letter regarding “Evaluation of the clinical outcome of hypercalcemia of malignancy and concurrent azotemia in dogs with lymphoma” J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Alyssa A. Strumpf, Laura Selmic, Brian Husbands
We appreciate your letter providing specific concerns about our conclusions and the validity of our study. Our study was limited by its retrospective design, but we believe the main conclusion about clinical outcome in this subset of dogs presenting with multicentric intermediate- to high-grade lymphoma, concurrent hypercalcemia, and azotemia was valid and useful for veterinary oncologists. Regarding
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Vincristine‐induced adverse events related to body weight in dogs treated for lymphoma J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Keira E. Sztukowski, Zachary Yaufman, Matthew R. Cook, Turi K. Aarnes, Brian D. Husbands
BackgroundTraditional dosing of chemotherapy drugs based on body surface area may overdose small dogs, leading to an increased frequency of adverse events (AEs).Hypothesis/ObjectivesEvaluate the frequency of hematologic and gastrointestinal AEs in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma treated with vincristine weighing ≤15 kg in comparison to dogs weighing >15 kg. We hypothesized that dogs weighing ≤15
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Incidence and characterization of aerophagia in dogs using videofluoroscopic swallow studies J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Megan Grobman, Carol Reinero, Tekla Lee‐Fowler, Teresa E. Lever
BackgroundAerophagia (ingestion of air), is a functional aerodigestive disorder in people. Criteria for diagnosis of aerophagia in dogs are >1/3 of bolus volume containing air or ingested air resulting in gastric distention (>1/3 of end gastric volume). Aerophagia is highlighted during eating and drinking. Videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS) document aerophagia in dogs, but the incidence, clinical
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Effect of leukoreduction on the omics phenotypes of canine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Arianna Miglio, Francesca Rocconi, Valentina Cremoni, Angelo D'Alessandro, Julie A. Reisz, Mark Maslanka, Ian S. Lacroix, Daniela Di Francesco, Maria T. Antognoni, Morena Di Tommaso
BackgroundRed blood cell (RBC) storage promotes biochemical and morphological alterations, collectively referred to as storage lesions (SLs). Studies in humans have identified leukoreduction (LR) as a critical processing step that mitigates SLs. To date no study has evaluated the impact of LR on metabolic SLs in canine blood units using omics technologies.ObjectiveCompare the lipid and metabolic profiles
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Letter regarding “Evaluation of the clinical outcome of hypercalcemia of malignancy and concurrent azotemia in dogs with lymphoma” J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 C. Guillermo Couto, Dennis J. Chew
We read with interest the article entitled “Evaluation of the clinical outcome of hypercalcemia of malignancy and concurrent azotemia in dogs with lymphoma” by Strumpf et al. and question the validity of some of their conclusions. First, the support for a diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) could have been stronger. Markers of AKI, such as urinary cystatin B or neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL), were
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Congenital spongiform leukodystrophy in 2 female littermate German shepherd puppies J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Ricardo De Miguel, Devon Wallis Hague, Jennifer L. Johnson, Amber M. Zilinger, Anna Kukekova, Stephane Lezmi
Two 9‐week‐old female littermate German Shepherd puppies showed severe high‐frequency low‐amplitude trembling that worsened with movement. The white matter (WM) of the central nervous system (CNS) showed bilateral diffuse severe spongiosis in the cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord, and the neuropil of the oculomotor and red nuclei. The cortical corona radiata was less severely affected. Rare necrotic
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Utility of focused cardiac ultrasonography training in veterinary students to differentiate stages of subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Terry Huh, Erin J. Achilles, Laura K. Massey, Kerry A. Loughran, Éva Larouche‐Lebel, Victoria Convey, Victoria F. McKaba, Alexandra Crooks, Marc S. Kraus, Anna R. Gelzer, Mark A. Oyama
BackgroundDifferentiation of the subclinical phases of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs relies heavily on echocardiography. Focused cardiac ultrasonography (FCU) is a point‐of‐care technique that can assess heart size.Hypothesis/ObjectivesVeterinary students trained in FCU can differentiate dogs with subclinical MMVD based on left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) dimensions.AnimalsForty‐eight
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Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a French bulldog puppy with genetically confirmed congenital hypothyroidism J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Katia Sánchez González, Harry Warwick, Marius Conradie, Neringa Alisauskaite
A 7‐month‐old male French bulldog was referred for abnormal mentation and gait. Physical examination revealed a dome shaped calvarium and persistent bregmatic fontanelle. Neurological examination revealed proprioceptive ataxia, pelvic limb paraparesis and strabismus with moderate ventriculomegaly, thinning of the cerebral parenchyma, and widened cerebral sulci on magnetic resonance imaging. Masses
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A randomized placebo‐controlled double‐blinded study comparing oral and subcutaneous administration of mistletoe extract for the treatment of equine sarcoid disease J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Anke Beermann, Ophélie Clottu, Marcus Reif, Ulrike Biegel, Lucia Unger, Christoph Koch
BackgroundEquine sarcoids (ES) are the most common cutaneous tumors in equids. Systemic treatment options are sparse. Subcutaneous (SC) injections of Viscum album extract (VAE) demonstrate efficacy as a systemic treatment directed against ES.Objectives/AimTo critically assess the therapeutic efficacy of orally administered VAE.AnimalsForty‐five ES‐affected, privately owned, 3–12 year‐old horses.MethodsA
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Effect of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin on interstitial glucose concentration in insulin‐treated diabetic dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Jessica R. Box, Mark A. Oyama, Ariel S. Mosenco, Rebecka S. Hess
BackgroundThe utility of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) has not been reported in insulin‐treated diabetic dogs.HypothesisCanagliflozin, a PO‐administered SGLT2i, decreases interstitial glucose concentration (IG) in insulin‐treated diabetic dogs.AnimalsFive insulin‐treated diabetic dogs.MethodsUncontrolled open label longitudinal study. Canagliflozin (2‐4 mg/kg/day PO) was added
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Bayesian evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of blood culture media and hypoglycemia in sepsis‐suspected calves J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Mathilde Laetitia Pas, Filip Boyen, Donatienne Castelain, Laurens Chantillon, Dominique Paepe, Frederik Pille, Bart Pardon, Jade Bokma
BackgroundSepsis is a life‐threatening condition for which critically important antimicrobials are often indicated. The value of blood culture for sepsis is indisputable, but appropriate guidelines on sampling and interpretation are currently lacking in cattle.ObjectiveCompare the diagnostic accuracy of 2 blood culture media (pediatric plus [PP] and plus aerobic [PA]) and hypoglycemia for bacteremia
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Twenty-four hour continuous transvenous temporary right ventricular pacing in healthy horses J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Amanda Avison, Anna R. Gelzer, Virginia B. Reef, Kathryn B. Wulster Bills, Cris Navas de Solis, Marc S. Kraus, JoAnn Slack, Darko Stefanovski, Lindsay J. Deacon, Claire Underwood
The ability to perform transvenous temporary cardiac pacing (TV-TP) is critical to stabilize horses with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. Reports of successful TV-TP in horses are limited, and only briefly describe short-term pacing.
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Clinical features and outcome of 10 dogs with suspected idiopathic vestibular epilepsy J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Tania Al Kafaji, Fabio Tocco, Samuel Okonji, Antonella Gallucci
In humans, vestibular epilepsy (VE) is described as focal seizures with transient signs of vestibular disease. In dogs, 2 cases of vestibular episodes, called vestibular paroxysmia, are reported.
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Evaluating acidic gastroesophageal reflux with wireless pH monitoring in French bulldogs with sliding hiatal herniation J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Tarini V. Ullal, Stanley L. Marks, Nuen Tsang Yang, Sandra L. Taylor
Sliding hiatal herniation (SHH) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) commonly occur in French bulldogs. Wireless pH monitoring can quantitatively assess acidic GER in dogs affected by SHH.
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Descriptive analysis and prognostic factors in cats with myeloma‐related disorders: A multicenter retrospective study of 50 cases J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Lorris Lecot, Isabelle Desmas‐Bazelle, Sarah Benjamin, Pauline De Fornel, Frédérique Ponce, Matthew Kornya, Loïc Desquilbet, Claire Beaudu‐Lange, Catherine Ibisch, David Sayag, Ghita Benchekroun, Jérémy Béguin
BackgroundMyeloma‐related disorders (MRDs) are rare and poorly documented neoplasms of cats.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe clinical, clinicopathologic, and imaging findings, response to treatment, and survival time and to identify factors associated with shorter outcomes in cats with MRD.AnimalsFifty cats with a diagnosis of MRD.MethodsCats with paraproteinemia confirmed by serum protein electrophoresis
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Evaluation of neurofilament light chain as a biomarker in dogs with structural and idiopathic epilepsy J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Kayla M. Fowler, Richard L. Shinn, John H. Rossmeisl, Rell L. Parker
BackgroundNeurofilament light chain (NfL) is a frequently used biomarker in humans for both diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring purposes in various neurologic diseases.Hypothesis/ObjectivesIt was hypothesized that dogs with diagnosed structural epilepsy (SE) would have a significantly higher serum NfL concentrations compared to dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). The secondary hypothesis was that
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Blood gases, acid‐base, and metabolic alterations in calves with bronchopneumonia diagnosed via clinical signs and thoracic ultrasonography: A cross‐sectional study J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Antonio Boccardo, Vincenzo Ferrulli, Giulia Sala, Donatella Scavone, Saverio Paltrinieri, Laura Filippone Pavesi, Davide Pravettoni
BackgroundBronchopneumonia (BP) in calves potentially causes systemic changes.ObjectivesTo describe metabolic, arterial blood gas, and acid‐base disorders in calves with BP diagnosed by thoracic ultrasound (TUS), Wisconsin score (WISC), and combinations of WISC and TUS.AnimalsTwo hundred thirty‐one dairy preweaned dairy calves from 13 dairy farms.MethodsCross‐sectional study. Each calf sequentially
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Positive clinical outcome using a modified dosing regimen of benznidazole in dogs at high risk for infection or acutely infected with Trypanosoma cruzi J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Sukjung Lim, Stephanie Collins, Sarah A. Hamer, Rick L. Tarleton, Ashley B. Saunders
Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs can cause heart failure and sudden death with few treatment options available. A litter of 4 dogs living in a T cruzi endemic area were randomized to prophylaxis and nonprophylaxis groups as part of a study evaluating a modified benznidazole dosing regimen administered twice weekly to prevent T cruzi infection during a vector transmission season. The 2 dogs that
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Updated ACVIM consensus statement on equine herpesvirus‐1 J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 David P. Lunn, Brandy A Burgess, David C. Dorman, Lutz S. Goehring, Peggy Gross, Klaus Osterrieder, Nicola Pusterla, Gisela Soboll Hussey
Equine herpesvirus‐1 (EHV‐1) is a highly prevalent and frequently pathogenic infection of equids. The most serious clinical consequences of infection are abortion and equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). The previous consensus statement was published in 2009 and considered pathogenesis, strain variation, epidemiology, diagnostic testing, vaccination, outbreak prevention and control, and treatment
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Effects of prednisolone on 1,2-O-dilauryl-rac-glycero glutaric acid-(60-methylresorufin) ester-lipase activity and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in healthy cats J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Militsa Pacheva, Daniel Brugger, Barbara Riond, Matthias Dennler, Peter Hendrik Kook
Corticosteroids are among the most commonly used drugs in cats and are increasingly discussed as a treatment for feline pancreatitis. However, its effects on serum lipase in healthy cats remain unknown.
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Prognosis in meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs: Risk factors associated with survival, clinical relapse, and long‐term disability J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Rita Gonçalves, Steven De Decker, Gemma Walmsley, Thomas W. Maddox
BackgroundMeningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) comprises a group of noninfectious inflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system of dogs. Previous studies have reported individual risk factors for survival but prognostication for MUO remains challenging.ObjectivesIdentify clinical prognostic variables in dogs with MUO.AnimalsA retrospective study of 447 dogs presented to 2 UK referral
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Clinical findings and outcome in goats with discospondylitis and vertebral osteomyelitis J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Alyssa Sullivan, Elodie Huguet, Ashley R. VanderBroek, Shannon Darby, Daniela Luethy
BackgroundVertebral infections, including vertebral osteomyelitis, septic physitis, and discospondylitis, are rarely reported in goats, and when reported, have been largely limited to necropsy case reports.ObjectiveDescribe clinical findings and outcome in goats with vertebral infections evaluated by computed tomography (CT).AnimalsFive goats with vertebral osteomyelitis, septic physitis, and discospondylitis
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Prevalence, clinical presentation, and etiology of myelopathies in 224 juvenile dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ed J. Pilkington, Steven De Decker, Eleftheria Skovola, Ana Cloquell Miro, Rodrigo Gutierrez Quintana, Kiterie M. E. Faller, Albert Aguilera Padros, Rita Goncalves
BackgroundIntervertebral disc herniation is widely recognized as the most common cause of myelopathy in dogs older than 2 years; however, the prevalence of various causes of myelopathy in younger dogs has not been reported.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence, clinical presentation, and etiology of myelopathy in dogs aged 18 months or less. Secondarily, to investigate which clinical features
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Peripheral and intestinal T lymphocyte subsets in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Beatriz Agulla, Alejandra Villaescusa, Ángel Sainz, David Díaz‐Regañón, Fernando Rodríguez‐Franco, Lydia Calleja‐Bueno, Patricia Olmeda, Mercedes García‐Sancho
BackgroundDysregulated T lymphocyte response is thought to play a key role in chronic intestinal inflammation (CIE).ObjectivesTo evaluate the presence of changes in peripheral and intestinal T lymphocyte subsets and to describe potential immune and inflammatory biomarkers in dogs with CIE.AnimalsSixteen healthy dogs and 26 dogs were diagnosed with CIE.MethodsProspective case‐control study evaluating
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Response to letter regarding “Fuzapladib in a randomized controlled multicenter masked study in dogs with presumptive acute onset pancreatitis” J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jörg M. Steiner, Chantal Lainesse, Yuya Noshiro, Yumiko Domen, Heather Sedlacek, Stephen E. Bienhoff, Kelly P. Doucette, David L. Bledsoe, Hiroshi Shikama
Thank you for allowing us to respond to the letter to the editor by Allenspach et al. We also thank Dr Allenspach and her co-authors for their comments and presenting us with the opportunity for additional dialog on this important topic. We would first like to state that we by no means were trying to suggest that our study should be the only or definitive study to demonstrate the efficacy of fuzapladib
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Comparison of chemotherapy outcomes between normal and high serum cortisol concentration in dogs with lymphoma J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Hiroki Yamazaki, Kaito Bunbai, Tatsuya Deguchi, Masahiro Tamura, Hiroshi Ohota
BackgroundIncreased serum cortisol (COR) concentrations may induce glucocorticoid resistance by down‐regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GCR), resulting in decreased chemotherapy efficacy in dogs with lymphoma.HypothesisInvestigate the relationship between serum COR concentrations and chemotherapy outcomes in dogs with lymphoma.AnimalsThirty client‐owned dogs with lymphoma, with serum COR concentration
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Assessment of hemostasis in hyperthyroid and euthyroid cats using two viscoelastic assays and platelet aggregometry J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Daniel Moreno, Kevin Cosford, Elisabeth Snead, Anthony Carr
BackgroundHyperthyroidism in humans is associated with a hypercoagulable state and an increased risk of thromboembolism.ObjectiveTo evaluate hemostatic variables in hyperthyroid and euthyroid cats with the hypothesis that hyperthyroid cats will have evidence of altered hemostasis consistent with a potential hypercoagulable state.AnimalsClient‐owned hyperthyroid (n = 16) and euthyroid (n = 15) cats
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Effect of institutional antimicrobial stewardship guidelines on prescription of critically important antimicrobials for dogs and cats J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sarah N. Robbins, Robert Goggs, Sydney Kraus‐Malett, Laura Goodman
BackgroundVeterinary hospital antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) guidelines might help combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR).ObjectivesDetermine the conditions and types of infection for which antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) deemed critically important (CIA) by the World Health Organization (WHO) were prescribed and assess the effect of hospital AMS guidelines on adherence to International Society for Companion
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Risk factors and implications associated with ultrasound-diagnosed nephrocalcinosis in cats with chronic kidney disease J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Pak-Kan Tang, Rebecca F. Geddes, Yu-Mei Chang, Rosanne E. Jepson, Dirk Hendrik Nicolaas van den Broek, Nicola Lötter, Jonathan Elliott
Microscopic nephrocalcinosis is a common pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats. Detection of macroscopic nephrocalcinosis using ultrasonography and its implications remain unexplored.
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Blood pressure in hyperthyroid cats before and after radioiodine treatment J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Lisa Stammeleer, Pilar Xifra, Sara I. Serrano, Mark Rishniw, Sylvie Daminet, Mark E. Peterson
BackgroundHyperthyroid cats commonly have systemic hypertension, with a reported prevalence of 7% to 48%. Although hypertension might be expected to resolve once treatment restores euthyroidism, it can persist or only first develop after treatment.ObjectivesTo determine the proportion of hyperthyroid cats with hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥160 mm Hg), persistence or first development
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Letter regarding “Fuzapladib in a randomized controlled multicenter masked study in dogs with presumptive acute onset pancreatitis” J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Karin Allenspach, Andreas Handel, Stanley Marks, Peter Kook, Kenny Simpson, Joseph Bartges, Kenjiro Fukushima, Aarti Kathrani, Silke Salavati, Julien Dandrieux, Caroline Mansfield, Alison Manchester, Craig Webb, Valerie Freiche, W. Zane Billings, Jonathan P. Mochel
We read with interest the article by Steiner et al,1 that claims that administration of fuzapladib is safe and effective in reducing 2 clinical scores in dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP). We commend Steiner et al for their efforts in addressing a critical need in veterinary medicine. This letter, however, raises significant concerns regarding the methodology and interpretation of the study results
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Environmental radon, fracking wells, and lymphoma in dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ashleigh N. Tindle, Samantha L. Braman, Brenna M. Swafford, Lauren A. Trepanier
BackgroundMulticentric lymphoma (ML) in dogs resembles non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in humans. Human NHL is associated with multiple environmental exposures, including to radon and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine whether ML in dogs was associated with environmental radon or proximity to horizontal oil and drilling (fracking), a source
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A novel ITGA2B double cytosine frameshift variant (c.1986_1987insCC) leads to Glanzmann's thrombasthenia in a cat J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Victor N. Rivas, Avalene W. K. Tan, Meg Shaverdian, Nghi P. Nguyen, Jalena R. Wouters, Joshua A. Stern, Ronald H. L. Li
BackgroundGlanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is a congenital platelet disorder affecting approximately 1:1 000 000 people globally and characterized by impaired platelet aggregation and clot retraction. Autosomal recessive, loss‐of‐function, variants in ITGA2B or ITGB3 of the αIIbβ3 receptor cause the disease in humans. A cat affected by Glanzmann's and macrothrombocytopenia was presented to the UC Davis
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Weishaar's classification system for nodal metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes: Clinical outcome in 94 dogs with mast cell tumor J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Damiano Stefanello, Elisa M. Gariboldi, Patrizia Boracchi, Roberta Ferrari, Alessandra Ubiali, Donatella De Zani, Davide D. Zani, Valeria Grieco, Chiara Giudice, Camilla Recordati, Mario Caniatti, Luigi Auletta, Lavinia E. Chiti
BackgroundThe therapeutic role and prognostic relevance of lymphadenectomy in mast cell tumor (MCT) has historically been evaluated on regional rather than sentinel lymph nodes.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo update information about the association of histological nodal (HN) classes with clinical outcome in dogs with MCT after tumor excision and extirpation of normal‐sized sentinel nodes (SLN) guided by radiopharmaceutical
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Association of a novel dystrophin (DMD) genetic nonsense variant in a cat with X‐linked muscular dystrophy with a mild clinical course J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Harunobu Muto, Yoshihiko Yu, James K. Chambers, Lyndon M. Coghill, Yasuharu Nakamura, Kazuyuki Uchida, Leslie A. Lyons
X‐linked muscular dystrophy in cats (FXMD) is an uncommon disease, with few reports describing its pathogenic genetic variants. A 9‐year‐old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was presented with persistent muscle swelling and breathing difficulty from 3 years of age. Serum activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and creatine kinase were abnormally high. Physical and neurological
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Comparison of atlantoaxial and lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid centesis techniques in South American camelids J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Ester Malmström, Robert C. Cole, Erik H. Hofmeister, Jere K. Stern, Thomas Passler
Iatrogenic blood contamination during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) centesis is common, which can limit the diagnostic usefulness of the sample. A novel ultrasound-guided CSF collection technique is described in horses, by which CSF is obtained from the atlantoaxial (AA) space.
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Effect of leukoreduction on the metabolism of equine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Arianna Miglio, Francesca Rocconi, Valentina Cremonini, Angelo D'Alessandro, Julie A. Reisz, Mark Maslanka, Ian S. Lacroix, Giorgio Tiscar, Morena Di Tommaso, Maria T. Antognoni
Understanding of the biochemical and morphological lesions associated with storage of equine blood is limited.
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Relationship between syringomyelia and myxomatous mitral valve disease in Cavalier King Charles spaniels J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Maiken B. T. Bach, Camilla L. Stougaard, Maria S. Thøfner, Maria J. Reimann, Ulrik Westrup, Jørgen Koch, Merete Fredholm, Torben Martinussen, Mette Berendt, Lisbeth H. Olsen
Syringomyelia (SM) and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) are highly prevalent in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS). Cardiac status in CKCS with and without SM is currently unknown.
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Pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of equine herpesvirus‐1 in domesticated horses: A systematic review J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Lutz Goehring, David C. Dorman, Klaus Osterrieder, Brandy A. Burgess, Kelsie Dougherty, Peggy Gross, Claire Neinast, Nicola Pusterla, Gisela Soboll‐Hussey, David P. Lunn
BackgroundEquine herpes virus type 1 (EHV‐1) infection in horses is associated with upper respiratory disease, neurological disease, abortions, and neonatal death.Review QuestionDoes pharmacological therapy decrease either the incidence or severity of disease or infection caused by EHV‐1 in domesticated horses?MethodsA systematic review was preformed searching AGRICOLA, CAB s, Cochrane, PubMed, Web
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16th European College of Equine Internal Medicine (ECEIM) Congress J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
Lyon, France October 27 to 28, 2023 The European College of Equine Internal Medicine (ECEIM) Congress and the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (JVIM) are not responsible for the content or dosage recommendations in the abstracts. The abstracts are not peer reviewed before publication. The opinions expressed in the abstracts are those of the author(s) and may not represent the views or position
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Automated echocardiographic left ventricular dimension assessment in dogs using artificial intelligence: Development and validation J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Catherine C. Stowell, Valeria Kallassy, Beth Lane, Jonathan Abbott, Kieran Borgeat, David Connolly, Oriol Domenech, Joanna Dukes-McEwan, Luca Ferasin, Josefa Fernández Del Palacio, Chris Linney, Jose Novo Matos, Ilaria Spalla, Nuala Summerfield, Tommaso Vezzosi, James P. Howard, Matthew J. Shun-Shin, Darrel P. Francis, Virginia Luis Fuentes
Artificial intelligence (AI) could improve accuracy and reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements in dogs.
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Effect of phenylbutazone on insulin secretion in horses with insulin dysregulation J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Kate L. Kemp, Jazmine E. Skinner, François-René Bertin
Phenylbutazone is often prescribed to manage pain caused by hyperinsulinemia-associated laminitis, but in diabetic people nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase insulin secretion and pancreatic activity.
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Prevalence and severity of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in 2-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses and its relationship to performance J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Sierra Shoemaker, Yuan Wang, Debra Sellon, Jenifer Gold, Allison Fisher, Julia Bagshaw, Renaud Leguillette, Macarena Sanz, Warwick Bayly
Little has been reported regarding the prevalence and severity of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in 2-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses.
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Serial monitoring of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, C-reactive protein, abdominal ultrasonography, and clinical severity in dogs with suspected pancreatitis J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Leslie Mitchell, Sichao Wang, Jody Lawver, Harry Cridge
Diagnosis of pancreatitis is based on clinical signs, pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI), and abdominal ultrasonography (AUS). Diagnostic discrepancies exist between test results which might be related to differences in the timeline for resolution of these abnormalities after pancreatic injury.
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Diagnostic and predictive ability of hyperbilirubinemia severity in cats: A multicenter retrospective study J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Xavier Salord Torres, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Imogen Schofield, Samantha Taylor, Jennifer Stallwood, Menai Heyes, Daniel Hughes, Pieter Defauw
Total serum bilirubin concentration (TBIL) can provide useful information on several pathophysiological conditions in cats. Nevertheless, whether the variable severity classification of hyperbilirubinemia can reliably indicate certain disease processes or predict a biliary obstruction (BO) has not been investigated.
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Evaluation of risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in dogs J. Vet. Intern. Med. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Iida Niinikoski, Sari-Leena Himanen, Mirja Tenhunen, Mimma Aromaa, Liisa Lilja-Maula, Minna M. Rajamäki
Brachycephalic dogs display sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The risk factors for SDB remain unknown.