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Familial hypercholesterolemia-Plus: is the metabolic syndrome changing the clinical picture of familial hypercholesterolemia? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Liam R Brunham
The purpose of this review article was to describe recent advances in our knowledge about how diabetes and metabolic syndrome are changing the face of familial hypercholesterolemia.
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APOE and familial hypercholesterolemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Fernando Civeira, César Martín, Ana Cenarro
Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia is a common cause of cardiovascular disease. In addition to the classic genes that cause hypercholesterolemia, LDLR, APOB and PCSK9, a new locus has emerged as a candidate to be the cause of this hyperlipidemia, the p.(Leu167del) mutation in the APOE gene.
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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9-inhibition across different patient populations. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Paulina Elena Stürzebecher, Ulrich Laufs
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have been established in cardiovascular risk prevention. The purpose of this review is to summarize the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors across different patient populations.
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How safe are proprotein convertase subtilisinekexin type 9 inhibitors in diabetes? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Tian Chen, Naifeng Liu
To examine the safety of proprotein convertase subtilisinekexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in patients with diabetes, specifically focusing on their impact on glucose metabolism.
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Altered lipid metabolism and the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Christy Foster, Charles A Gagnon, Ambika P Ashraf
An increasing amount of research has underscored the significant role of lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This comprehensive review examines the intricate relationship between lipoprotein abnormalities and the development of MAFLD.
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G protein-coupled receptor 146: new insights from genetics and model systems. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Umesh Tharehalli, Antoine Rimbert
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases continue to be a significant global cause of death. Despite the availability of efficient treatments, there is an ongoing need for innovative strategies to lower lipid levels, especially for individuals experiencing refractory dyslipidemias or intolerable adverse effects. Based on human genetic findings and on mouse studies, the G protein-coupled receptor 146
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Basic and translational evidence supporting the role of TM6SF2 in VLDL metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jing Liu, Henry N Ginsberg, Gissette Reyes-Soffer
Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) gene was identified through exome-wide studies in 2014. A genetic variant from glutamic acid to lysine substitution at amino acid position 167 (NM_001001524.3:c.499G> A) (p.Gln167Lys/p.E167K, rs58542926) was discovered (p.E167K) to be highly associated with increased hepatic fat content and reduced levels of plasma triglycerides and LDL cholesterol. In
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Newborn screening for lipid disorders. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Xiangqiang Shao, Robert Steiner, Amy L Peterson
Newborn screening is one of the most successful public health programs of the last century and offers unparalleled access to universal screening for a variety of metabolic and other disorders. Interest in development of newborn screening for lipid disorders has intensified in recent years. Screening newborns for lipid disorders has important implications for the health of the newborn as well as their
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Lipid metabolism during pregnancy: consequences for mother and child. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Janneke W C M Mulder, D Meeike Kusters, Jeanine E Roeters van Lennep, Barbara A Hutten
Accommodating fetal growth and development, women undergo multiple physiological changes during pregnancy. In recent years, several studies contributed to the accumulating evidence about the impact of gestational hyperlipidemia on cardiovascular risk for mother and child. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on lipid profile alterations during pregnancy and its
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ANGPTL3 and ApoC-III inhibitors for treating hypertriglyceridemia in context: horses for courses? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts
Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is an independent and casual risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There is an unmet need for more effective treatments for patients with HTG. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) are key regulators of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) metabolism. We review recent clinical trials targeting ANGPTL3 and apoC-III
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Familial hypercholesterolemia in children and the importance of early treatment. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Sibbeliene E van den Bosch, Barbara A Hutten, Willemijn E Corpeleijn, D Meeike Kusters
Familial hypercholesterolemia leads to elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from birth onwards due to a pathogenetic variation in genes in cholesterol metabolism. Early screening to identify and subsequently treat children with familial hypercholesterolemia is crucial to reduce the risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review focuses on recent
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Genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Yiyi Zhang, Sarah D de Ferranti, Andrew E Moran
Despite familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) being the most common genetic cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), genetic testing is rarely utilized in the US. This review summarizes what is known about the clinical utility of genetic testing and its role in the diagnosis and screening of FH.
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C-reactive protein, pharmacological treatments and diet: how to target your inflammatory burden. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Benjamin Bay, Natalie Arnold, Christoph Waldeyer
This article focuses on pharmacological agents as well as dietary changes aimed at the reduction of the inflammatory burden measured by circulating C-reactive protein concentrations.
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Remnant cholesterol as a new lipid-lowering target to reduce cardiovascular events. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Paolo Raggi, Maria Laura Becciu, Eliano Navarese
Remnant cholesterol has become increasingly recognized as a direct contributor to the development of atherosclerosis and as an additional marker of cardiovascular risk. This review aims to summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, and the current evidence base from epidemiological investigations and genetic studies that support a causal link between remnant cholesterol and atherosclerotic cardiovascular
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PCSK9-directed therapies: an update. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Julius L Katzmann, Ulrich Laufs
Two large cardiovascular outcomes trials of monoclonal antibodies against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) demonstrated that therapeutic inhibition of extracellular PCSK9 markedly reduces LDL cholesterol concentration and cardiovascular risk. Several novel strategies to inhibit PCSK9 function are in development. Different mechanisms of action may determine specific properties with
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Novel functions of Tribbles-homolog 1 in liver, adipocytes and atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Ileana Hernandez-Resendiz, Ralph Burkhardt
Human genetics studies have sparked great interest in the pseudokinase Tribbles homolog 1, as variant at the TRIB1 gene locus were robustly linked to several cardiometabolic traits, including plasma lipids and coronary artery disease. In this review, we summarize recent findings from mouse models that investigated the function of hepatic and adipocyte Trib1 in lipid metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis
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Genetic variation in apolipoprotein A-V in hypertriglyceridemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Shehan D Perera, Robert A Hegele
While biallelic rare APOA5 pathogenic loss-of-function (LOF) variants cause familial chylomicronemia syndrome, heterozygosity for such variants is associated with highly variable triglyceride phenotypes ranging from normal to severe hypertriglyceridemia, often in the same individual at different time points. Here we provide an updated overview of rare APOA5 variants in hypertriglyceridemia.
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Bempedoic acid: new evidence and recommendations on use. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Kristina Paponja, Ivan Pećin, Željko Reiner, Maciej Banach
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recognizing the importance of dyslipidemia treatment in the prevention of cardiovascular events has become a part of standard clinical practice. Desired values of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) have become lower and lower in the last few decades, as evidenced by the most recent guidelines. Therefore, efforts to lower
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The current state of apolipoprotein E in dyslipidemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Katrine L Rasmussen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a pivotal role in lipid metabolism in the peripheral circulation and in the brain. This has been recognized for decades; however, the importance of the full spectrum of variation in the APOE gene has been less investigated. This review focusses on current progresses in this field with main focus on apoE in dyslipidemia and vascular disease.
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Dietary fat, telomere length and cognitive function: unravelling the complex relations. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Hamza Mostafa, Laia Gutierrez-Tordera, Javier Mateu-Fabregat, Christopher Papandreou, Mònica Bulló
The review aims to explore the recent evidence on the associations between different dietary fat intake and cognitive function, and to understand the role of telomere length in this relationship.
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Angiopoietin-like protein 8: a multifaceted protein instrumental in regulating triglyceride metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Yi Wen, Yan Q Chen, Robert J Konrad
The angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) proteins ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 are critical lipoprotein lipase (LPL) inhibitors. This review discusses the unique ability of the insulin-responsive protein ANGPTL8 to regulate triglyceride (TG) metabolism by forming ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 complexes that control tissue-specific LPL activities.
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Lipidome and inflammation interplay: the role of diet in this relationship. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Anacristina Rovayo, Estefanía Toledo, Cristina Razquin
The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the role of novel lipid biomarkers from the circulating lipidome in inflammatory processes and the impact that dietary patterns may have on the lipidome.
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Cardiovascular disease prevention in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: how important is a healthy diet in the era of long-lasting cholesterol-lowering drug therapies? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Gabrielle Roy,Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide an in-depth perspective on the importance of diet for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). RECENT FINDINGS Even though data on diet and CVD prevention in HeFH are limited, the currently available evidence supports its cholesterol-lowering effect and its favorable association with CVD risk on the long-term
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Angiopoietin-like 3 inhibition and the liver: less is more? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Reindert F Oostveen, G Kees Hovingh, Erik S G Stroes
The aim of this study was to discuss the potential mechanisms and implications of the opposing liver safety results from recent angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibition studies.
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Circulating cell-free DNA and its association with cardiovascular disease: what we know and future perspectives. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-07 Steffen Ullitz Thorsen, Kristine Frøsig Moseholm, Frederik Banch Clausen
The aim of this review is to explore a possible link between cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may hold valuable potential for future diagnostics.
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Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Anatol Kontush, Maximiliano Martin, Fernando Brites
Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a central role in energy homeostasis. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between energy homeostasis and HDL however remain poorly studied.
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High-density lipoprotein functionality, cardiovascular health, and patterns of alcohol consumption: new insights and future perspectives. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Marta Trius-Soler, Kenneth J Mukamal, Marta Guasch-Ferré
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant public health challenge, contributing to 422 million disability-adjusted life years in 2021. The role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and alcohol consumption, one of their major modifiable determinants, remains controversial. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive narrative overview of HDL functionality and its predictive value
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Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Selin Bilgic, Alan T Remaley, Allan D Sniderman
The triglyceride-rich apoB lipoprotein particles make up a minority of the apoB particles in plasma. They vary in size, in lipid, and in protein content. Most are small enough to enter the arterial wall and therefore most are atherogenic. But how important a contribution TRL particles make to the total risk created by the apoB lipoproteins remains controversial. A recent Mendelian randomization analysis
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Predictors of cardiovascular risk in familial hypercolesterolemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Manuel Jesús Romero-Jiménez, María Elena Mansilla-Rodríguez, Eva Nadiejda Gutiérrez-Cortizo
Familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The current international guidelines of the main scientific societies consider that, all people with Familial Hypercholesterolemia have a high or very high cardiovascular risk. However, the occurrence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is very heterogeneous in this population. Stratifying risk within
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The pathophysiology of excess plasma-free cholesterol. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Baiba K Gillard,Corina Rosales,Antonio M Gotto,Henry J Pownall
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Several large studies have shown increased mortality due to all-causes and to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In most clinical settings, plasma HDL-cholesterol is determined as a sum of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester, two molecules with vastly different metabolic itineraries. We examine the evidence supporting the concept that the pathological effects of elevations
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Established and potential cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome: Effect of bariatric surgery. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Bilal Bashir,Safwaan Adam,Jan H Ho,Zara Linn,Paul N Durrington,Handrean Soran
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the role of novel biomarkers in metabolic syndrome, their association with cardiovascular risk and the impact of bariatric surgery on these biomarkers. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolic syndrome encompasses an intricate network of health problems, and its constituents extend beyond the components of its operational definition. Obesity-related
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Ups and downs in PCSK9 inhibition in the cardiovascular arena: a review. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Daniel J McClintick, Robert P Giugliano
This article reviews PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) with a focus on clinically relevant studies published in the last 18 months.
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Strategies of improving adherence to lipid-lowering therapy in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Dean G Karalis
Lowering LDL-C has been shown to reduce ASCVD events, yet many ASCVD patients do not achieve their guideline-directed LDL-C goals leaving patients at increased risk of another ASCVD event. This review discusses implementation strategies to improve guideline-directed lipid management in patients with ASCVD focusing on the provider, patient, and system level.
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A new SPRING in lipid metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Sebastian Hendrix, Noam Zelcer
The SREBP transcription factors are master regulators of lipid homeostasis owing to their role in controlling cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. The core machinery required to promote their trafficking and proteolytic activation has been established close to 20 years ago. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of a newly identified regulator of SREBP signaling, SPRING (formerly
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Phospholipid transport by ABCA1: the extracellular translocase or alternating access model? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Jere P Segrest, W Sean Davidson, Jay W Heinecke
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays a key role in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis and cholesterol export from artery wall cells. Recent evidence challenges the generally accepted model for lipid transport by ABCA1, termed the alternating access mechanism, which proposes that phospholipid moves from the inner leaflet to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane.
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Aspirin and lipoprotein(a) in primary prevention. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Harpreet S Bhatia
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is casually associated with cardiovascular diseases, and elevated levels are highly prevalent. However, there is a lack of available therapies to address Lp(a)-mediated risk. Though aspirin has progressively fallen out of favor for primary prevention, individuals with high Lp(a) may represent a high-risk group that derives a net benefit.
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Macrophage inflammarafts in atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Shenglin Li, Juliana M Navia-Pelaez, Soo-Ho Choi, Yury I Miller
Advances in single cell techniques revealed a remarkable diversity in macrophage gene expression profiles in atherosclerosis. However, the diversity of functional processes at the macrophage plasma membrane remains less studied. This review summarizes recent advances in characterization of lipid rafts, where inflammatory receptors assemble, in macrophages that undergo reprogramming in atherosclerotic
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The multiple roles of lysophosphatidic acid in vascular disease and atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 Arnab Chattopadhyay, Srinivasa T Reddy, Alan M Fogelman
To explore the multiple roles that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays in vascular disease and atherosclerosis.
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Cardiomyocytes, sphingolipids and cardio myotoxicity. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-7-11 Malin C Levin, Linda Andersson, Jan Borén
Sphingolipids are structurally diverse membrane lipids localized in lipid bilayers. Sphingolipids are not only important structural components of cellular membranes, but they are also important regulators of cellular trafficking and signal transduction and are implicated in several diseases. Here, we review the latest insights into sphingolipids and their role in cardiac function and cardiometabolic
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Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk: a 2023 update. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-16 Earl Goldsborough, Erfan Tasdighi, Michael J Blaha
The aim of this study was to highlight the current best practice for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk evaluation, including selective use of adjunctive tools for risk stratification [e.g. coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring] and risk enhancement [e.g. lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], polygenic risk scoring (PRS)].
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Oxidized LDL receptors: a recent update Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Mohd Azeem Khan, Irshad Mohammad, Sohom Banerjee, Akanksha Tomar, Kottayil I. Varughese, Jawahar L. Mehta, Anmol Chandele, Arulandu Arockiasamy
Purpose of review LDL in its oxidized form, or ‘oxLDL’, is now generally acknowledged to be highly proatherogenic and to play a significant role in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in understanding the significance of oxLDL and its receptors in different phases of atherosclerosis, leading to the accumulation of additional data at the cellular, structural
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Genetic determinants of pancreatitis: relevance in severe hypertriglyceridemia Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Shyann M.T. Hang, Robert A. Hegele, Amanda J. Berberich
Purpose of review Not all patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia develop acute pancreatitis. We surveyed recent literature on inter-individual genetic variation in susceptibility to pancreatitis. Recent findings Genetic determinants of pancreatitis include: rare Mendelian disorders caused by highly penetrant pathogenic variants in genes involved in trypsinogen activation; uncommon susceptibility
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Assessment of atherosclerosis: should coronary calcium score and intima-media thickness be replaced by ultrasound measurement of carotid plaque burden and vessel wall volume? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-28 J David Spence
To describe the uses of vessel wall volume (VWV) and measurement of carotid plaque burden, as total plaque area (TPA) and total plaque volume (TPV), and to contrast them with measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary calcium (CAC).
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Genotype–phenotype correlation in a large cohort of pediatric patients with heterozygous and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 M.D. Reijman, J.C. Defesche, A. Wiegman
Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Both the heterozygous form and the very severe homozygous form can be diagnosed by genetic testing and by clinical criteria. Genetic testing can discern FH in a form caused by complete absence of the LDL-receptors
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Updates in the management of pediatric dyslipidemia Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-20 Pooja Choudhari, Nivedita Patni
Purpose of review Pediatric dyslipidemias increase the risk of atherosclerosis and clinical cardiovascular disease and are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have measurably improved abnormal lipids and reduced cardiovascular events. The review will focus on current standards of care and investigative medications with the potential to improve
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Bempedoic acid for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence and mechanisms of action Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-20 Núria Roglans, Juan Carlos Laguna, Marta Alegret
Purpose of review Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent progressive condition that lacks a specific pharmacological treatment. ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is one of the emergent targets for the treatment of NAFLD. This review aims to summarize the role of ACLY in NAFLD, provide evidences of the beneficial effects of the ACLY inhibitor bempedoic acid (BemA) in NAFLD and discuss
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Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, remnant-cholesterol, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Om P. Ganda
Purpose of review Despite indisputable role of LDL-C lowering, a considerable residual risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) persists. The precise mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) appear to be one of the main mediators, based on the genetic and epidemiologic data. However, whether this is caused by direct effects of Triglycerides
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Familial hypercholesterolemia: The nexus of endothelial dysfunction and lipoprotein metabolism in COVID-19 Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-09 Alpo Vuorio, Frederick Raal, Petri T. Kovanen
Purpose of review Patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) are at increased risk for COVID-19 cardiovascular complications in the acute phase of the infection. Elevated levels of LDL-C and often lipoprotein(a) are present from birth and lead to endothelial dysfunction, which is aggravated by a direct viral attack of the endothelial cells and their exposure to the toxic levels
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Inclisiran: present and future perspectives of a new effective LDL cholesterol-lowering agent Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-07 Salvatore Giordano, Alberto Polimeni, Giovanni Esposito, Ciro Indolfi, Carmen Spaccarotella
Purpose of review To highlight critical aspects of inclisiran, from preclinical studies to current recommendations in clinical practice and future perspectives. Recent findings Inclisiran use has been recently approved by regulatory agencies. The evidence of its efficacy and safety makes it a promising therapeutical tool for treating dyslipidemias. Summary The link between LDL-cholesterol and atherosclerotic
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Circulating protein and lipid markers of early sepsis diagnosis and prognosis: a scoping review. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-3-3 Gemma Barber, Jelena Tanic, Aleksandra Leligdowicz
Sepsis is the extreme response to infection associated with high mortality, yet reliable biomarkers for its identification and stratification are lacking.
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Exosomes and lipid metabolism in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-3-3 Zina Zein Abdin, Apple Ziquan Geng, Mark Chandy
Exosomes are lipid-bound particles that carry lipids, protein, and nucleic acid and affect cellular function. This review highlights the current knowledge on the crosstalk between exosomes and lipid metabolism and their impact on cardiometabolic disease.
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Novel therapeutic opportunities for familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: promises and challenges Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Cecilia Vitali, Daniel J. Rader, Marina Cuchel
Purpose of review Genetic lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency is a rare, inherited, recessive disease, which manifests as two different syndromes: Familial LCAT deficiency (FLD) and Fish-eye disease (FED), characterized by low HDL-C and corneal opacity. FLD patients also develop anaemia and renal disease. There is currently no therapy for FLD, but novel therapeutics are at different
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The clinical utility of polygenic risk scores for combined hyperlipidemia Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Jacqueline S. Dron
Purpose of review Combined hyperlipidemia is the most common lipid disorder and is strongly polygenic. Given its prevalence and associated risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, this review describes the potential for utilizing polygenic risk scores for risk prediction and management of combined hyperlipidemia. Recent findings Different diagnostic criteria have led to inconsistent prevalence
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Does low-density lipoprotein fully explain atherosclerotic risk in familial hypercholesterolemia? Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Shoa L. Clarke
Purpose of review Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a monogenic disorder of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from birth leading to increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, not all carriers of FH variants display an FH phenotype. Despite this fact, FH variants confer increased risk for atherosclerotic disease in population cohorts. An important question
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an update Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-02-22 Giorgio Bedogni, Francesco Palmese, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi
Purpose of review We discuss two recent controversial issues in the research field of fatty liver: the proposal to replace nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and the suggestion to extend to primary care the noninvasive testing for liver fibrosis that was developed for secondary care. Recent findings There is preliminary evidence that
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DNA testing in dyslipidemia: attitudes and complexities. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-02-09 Robert A Hegele
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Inflammation compared to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: two different causes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Benjamin N. Wadström, Kasper M. Pedersen, Anders B. Wulff, Børge G. Nordestgaard
Purpose of review Inflammation is gaining attention as a target for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The purpose of this review is to compare the evidence for inflammation with the evidence for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in ASCVD. Recent findings Evidence from human genetic studies and randomized controlled trials implicate the inflammatory pathway from
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Altered cardiovascular risk pattern of LDL cholesterol in older adults Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Maarten Pieter Rozing, Rudi G.J. Westendorp
Purpose of review Elevated serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels at middle-age constitute a strong risk factor for later cardiovascular events. In older populations, however, LDL-C levels are no longer predictive of cardiovascular mortality or may even seem protective. Whether the altered risk pattern of LDL-C in old age reflects a causal mechanism or is due to confounding and bias
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The feedback cycles between glucose, amino acids and lipids and alpha cell secretion and their role in metabolic fatty liver disease Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Marie Winther-Sørensen, Jens J. Holst, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen
Purpose of review Glucagon increases hepatic glucose production and in patients with metabolic diseases, glucagon secretion is increased contributing to diabetic hyperglycemia. This review explores the role of amino acids and lipids in the regulation of glucagon secretion and how it may be disturbed in metabolic diseases such as obesity and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Recent
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Omega-3 fatty acids and cognitive function. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 Francine K Welty
The aim is to provide an update on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in preventing cognitive decline and dementia.