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Developing multifactorial dementia prediction models using clinical variables from cohorts in the US and Australia medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Caitlin A Finney, David A Brown, Artur Shvetcov, Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing
INTRODUCTION Existing dementia prediction models using non-neuroimaging clinical measures have been limited in their ability to identify disease. This study used machine learning to re-examine the diagnostic potential of clinical measures for dementia. METHODS Data was sourced from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL) and the Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging
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A novel scale for assessing caregiving competence in family caregivers of persons with dementia medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Ippei Suganuma, Noriyuki Ogawa, Kenji Kamijou, Aki Nakanishi, Ippei Kawasaki, Keisuke Itotani, Shinichi Okada
The aging of family caregivers and the challenges of long-distance caregiving attributed to the increase in the number of elderly individuals living alone have raised concerns about dementia caregiving in Japan. Additionally, with the shifts in family dynamics due to declining birth rates and an extended average lifespan, adapting support strategies for family caregivers is necessary. Thus, it is necessary
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The association between delirium and falls in older adults in the community: a systematic review medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Charlotte Eost-Telling, Lucy McNally, Yang Yang, Chunhu Shi, Gill Norman, Saima Ahmed, Brenda Poku, Annemarie Money, Helen Hawley-Hague, Susan D Shenkin, Chris Todd, Emma R.L.C. Vardy
Objective: Systematically review and critically appraise evidence for the association between delirium and falls in community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and above Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (EBMR) databases in April 2023. Standard methods were used to screen, extract data, assess risk of bias
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Effectiveness of tele-exercise on muscle function and physical performance in older adults for preventing sarcopenia: A protocol for systematic review medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 YA SHI, Emma Stanmore, Lisa McGarrigle, Chris Todd
Introduction Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive weakening of muscle function that occurs with age. This condition frequently leads to frailty, disability, and even death. Research on sarcopenia prevention is growing. Tele-exercise intervention is increasingly gaining attention in this field, with the rapid advancement of the Internet and the influence of the COVID-19. However, there is
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Relation of frailty with depression among Colombian COPD adults aged over 60 years medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Adalberto Campo-Arias, John Carlos Pedrozo-Pupo, Carmen Cecilia Caballero-Dominguez
Introduction: Frailty and depression risk are common in older adults undergoing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment. However, little is known about this association in people with COPD residing in low- and middle-income countries. The study aimed to o establish the relationship between frailty and depression among ambulatory adults over 60 years with COPD in Santa Marta, Colombia
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The dimensionality of the Death Anxiety Inventory-Revised in Colombian-aged adults medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Adalberto Campo-Arias, Monica Reyes-Rojas, Guillermo Augusto Ceballos-Ospino
The Death Anxiety Inventory-Revised (DAI-R) is a relatively new instrument to quantify anxiety about death in different contexts. However, the dimensionality in the elderly population is unknown. The study aimed to corroborate the dimensionality of the DAI-R among Colombian-aged adults. A psychometric study was conducted with the participation of 100 aged adults (M=68.82, SD=4.82; 52% were male gender)
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Exploring the power of structural brain MRI and clinical measures in predicting AD neuropathology: a machine learning approach medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Farooq Kamal, Cassandra Morrison, Michael D. Oliver, Mahsa Dadar
Importance: Vascular and structural brain changes are increasingly recognized for their role in cognitive decline and progression of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite advances in imaging technologies, the exact contribution of these brain changes to disease processes remains a subject of ongoing research. Objective: To apply machine learning techniques to determine
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Digital Health Technologies for Metabolic Disorders in Older Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Panitda Huynh, Elgar Fleisch, Michael Braendle, Tobias Kowatsch, Mia Jovanova
Introduction: Metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome) are leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide and disproportionately affect older adults relative to those younger. Digital health technologies (DHTs), such as patient monitoring, digital diagnostics, and digital
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Inconsistent Music-Based Intervention Reporting in Dementia Studies: A Systematic Mapping Review medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Rebecca J. Lepping, Benjamin J. Hess, Jasmine M. Taylor, Deanna Hanson-Abromeit, Kristine N. Williams
Recent research has shown beneficial results for music-based interventions (MBIs) for persons living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD), but reports often lack sufficient detail about the MBI methodology, which reduces replicability. A detailed checklist for best practices in how to report MBIs was created in 2011 by Robb and colleagues to remedy the lack of detail in MBI descriptions
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Potentially Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors in Canada: An Analysis of Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging with a Multi-Country Comparison medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Surim Son, Mark Speechley, Guangyong Zou, Miia Kivipelto, Francesca Mangialasche, Howard Feldman, Howard Chertkow, Sylvie Belleville, Haakon Nygaard, Vladimir Hachinski, F Pieruccini-Faria, Manuel Montero-Odasso
INTRODUCTION Previous estimates suggested that 40% of dementia cases worldwide are associated with modifiable risk factors, however, these estimates are not known in Canada. We aimed to estimate the population impact of 12 risk factors in Canada, addressing potential differences by sex and age groups, and to compare with other countries.
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Sex differences in the role of sleep on cognition in older adults medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Yumiko Wiranto, Catherine Siengsukon, Diego R Mazzotti, Jeffrey M Burns, Amber Watts
Study Objectives: The study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sleep quality (self-report and objective) and cognitive function across three domains (executive function, verbal memory, and attention) in older adults. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 207 participants with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment (89 males and 118 females) aged over 60
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Development of the ADFICE_IT clinical decision support system to assist deprescribing of fall-risk increasing drugs: A user-centered design approach medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Sara Groos, Kelly de Wildt, Bob van de Loo, Annemiek Linn, Stephanie Medlock, Kendrick Shaw, Eric Herman, Lotta Seppala, Kim Ploegmakers, Natasja van Schoor, Julia van Weert, Nathalie van der Velde
Introduction: Deprescribing fall-risk increasing drugs (FRIDs) is a promising intervention for reducing the risk of falling in older adults. Applying appropriate deprescribing in practice can be difficult due to the outcome uncertainties associated with stopping the use of FRIDs. The ADFICE_IT study addresses this complexity with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) that facilitates optimum deprescribing
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Moving together: Benefits of a 12-week online dance training intervention on static and dynamic postural stability and gait speed in older adults. A pre-post study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Rasmus Kopp Hansen, Elizabeth Jochum, Ditte Egholm, Morten Villumsen, Rogerio Pessoto Hirata
Background Physical inactivity negatively affects gait performance and postural stability in older adults, which results in a higher risk of fall accidents. Previous research has shown that in-person dance training improves various aspects of balance and lower extremity function, however, the potential benefits of dance training delivered online on variables used for fall risk stratification in older
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Benzodiazepine Initiation and the Risk of Falls or Fall-Related Injuries in Older Adults Following Acute Ischemic Stroke medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Shuo Sun, Victor Lomachinsky, Louisa H. Smith, Joseph P. Newhouse, M. Brandon Westover, Deborah Blacker, Lee Schwamm, Sebastien Haneuse, Lidia M.V.R. Moura
Background Benzodiazepine use in older adults following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is common, yet short-term safety concerning falls or fall-related injuries remains unexplored.
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Digital Health Tools Applications in Frail Older Adults - A Review Article medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Natthanaphop Isaradech, wachiranun sirikul
Background: Frailty is a common degenerative condition highly prevalent in adults over 60 years old. A frail person has a higher risk of morbidities and mortality when exposed to health-related stressors. However, frailty is a reversible state when it is early diagnosed. Studies have shown that frail people who participated in an exercise prescription have a greater chance to transition from frail
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PRE-DIAGNOSTIC MANIFESTATIONS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL STUDIES medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Sedigheh Zabihi, Rosario Isabel Espinoza Jeraldo, Rifah Anjum, Christine Carter, Moïse Roche, Jonathan P Bestwick, Sarah Morgan-Trimmer, Yvonne Birks, Mark Wilberforce, Fiona M Walter, Claudia Cooper, Charles R Marshall
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with a range of non-cognitive symptoms that can be early or even presenting features. Better recognition of pre-diagnostic symptoms of AD would support improved early detection and diagnosis. To identify possible prodromal symptoms of AD, we systematically searched electronic databases for prospective longitudinal studies to March 2023, that reported the risk
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Physical activity and fiber intake beneficial for muscle mass and strength preservation during aging: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study in the UK Biobank cohort medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Jordi Morwani-Mangnani, Mar Rodriguez-Girondo, Cecile Singh-Povel, Sjors Verlaan, Marian Beekman, P. Eline Slagboom
Background: Aging triggers intricate physiological changes, particularly in muscle mass and strength, affecting overall health and independence. Despite existing research, the broader significance of how muscle health is affected by the intricate interplay of lifestyle factors simultaneously during aging needs more exploration. This study aims to examine how nutrition, exercise, and sleep independently
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Understanding exogenous factors and biological mechanisms for cognitive frailty: a multidisciplinary scoping review medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Carol Holland, Nikolett Dravecz, Lauren Owens, Alexandre Benedetto, Irundika Dias, Alan Gow, Susan Broughton
Cognitive frailty (CF) is the conjunction of cognitive impairment without dementia and physical frailty. While predictors of each element are well-researched, mechanisms of their co-occurrence have not been integrated, particularly in terms of relationships between social, psychological, and biological factors. This interdisciplinary scoping review set out to categorise a heterogenous multidisciplinary
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Severe cognitive decline in long-term care is related to gut microbiome production of metabolites involved in neurotransmission, immunomodulation, and autophagy medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Andrew P. Shoubridge, Lucy Carpenter, Erin Flynn, Lito E. Papanicolas, Josephine Collins, David Gordon, David J. Lynn, Craig Whitehead, Lex E.X. Leong, Monica Cations, David P. De Souza, Vinod K. Narayana, Jocelyn M. Choo, Steve L. Wesselingh, Maria Crotty, Maria C. Inacio, Kerry Ivey, Steven L. Taylor, Geraint B. Rogers
Ageing-associated cognitive decline affects more than half of those in long-term residential aged care. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiome-host interactions influence the effects of modifiable risk factors. We investigated the relationship between gut microbiome characteristics and severity of cognitive impairment (CI) in 159 residents of long-term aged care. Severe CI was associated with
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Beyond Hypertension: Examining Variable Blood Pressure’s Role in Cognition and Brain Structure medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Cassandra Morrison, Michael D. Oliver, Farooq Kamal, Mahsa Dadar, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Importance Hypertension is a known risk factor for cognitive decline and structural brain changes in aging and dementia. In addition to high blood pressure (BP), individuals may also experience variable BP, meaning that their BP fluctuates between normal and high. It is currently unclear what the effects of variable BP are on cognition and brain structure.
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Towards Clinical Prediction with Transparency: An Explainable AI Approach to Survival Modelling in Residential Aged Care medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Teo Susnjak, Elise Griffin
Background An accurate estimate of expected survival time assists people near the end of life to make informed decisions about their medical care.
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Usability of an At-Home Tablet-Based Cognitive Test in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Thomas A. Bayer, Yanchen Liu, Igor Vishnepolskiy, Day Baez, Lisbeth Sanders, Rebecca Williams, Jeff Sanders, Anthony Serpico, Stefan Gravenstein
Mobile device-based cognitive screening has the potential to overcome the limitations in diagnostic precision and efficiency that characterize conventional pen and paper cognitive screening. Several mobile device-based cognitive testing platforms have demonstrated usability in carefully selected populations. However, the usability of take-home mobile device-based cognitive screening in typical adult
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Development and Validation of an Intrinsic Capacity Score in the UK Biobank Study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Melkamu Bedimo Beyene, Renuka Visvanathan, Muktar Ahmed, Beben Benyamin, John R. Beard, Azmeraw T Amare
Background: In 2015, the World Health Organization introduced the concept of intrinsic capacity (IC) to define the individual-level characteristics that enable an older person to be and do the things they value. This study developed an IC score for UK Biobank (UKB) study participants and validated its use as a tool for health outcome prediction, understanding healthy aging trajectories, and genetic
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Increased 1H-NMR metabolomics-based health score associates with declined cognitive performance and functional independence in older adults at risk of cardiovascular disease medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Michelle H. Zonneveld, Nour Al Kuhaili, Simon P. Mooijaart, P. Eline Slagboom, J. Wouter Jukema, Raymond Noordam, Stella Trompet
Background The 1-HMR metabolomics-based MetaboHealth score, comprised of 14 serum metabolic markers, associates with disease-specific mortality, but it is unclear whether the score also reflects cognitive changes and functional impairment.
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P-tau217 and other blood biomarkers of dementia: variation with time of day medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Ciro della Monica, Victoria Revell, Giuseppe Atzori, Rhiannon Laban, Simon S. Skene, Amanda Heslegrave, Hana Hassanin, Ramin Nilforooshan, Henrik Zetterberg, Derk-Jan Dijk
Plasma biomarkers of dementia, including phosphorylated tau (p-tau217), offer promise as tools for diagnosis, stratification for clinical trials, monitoring disease progression, and assessing the success of interventions in those living with Alzheimer’s disease. However, currently, it is unknown whether these dementia biomarker levels vary with time of day, which could have implications for their clinical
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Association between frailty assessed by the Clinical Frailty Scale 2.0 and outcomes of acute stroke in older patients medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Paola Forti, Marianna Ciani, Fabiola Maioli
Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by an increased vulnerability to stressors and increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes. While older patients with acute stroke are routinely screened for prestroke disability using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), because of its known association with stroke outcomes, prestroke frailty is still rarely assessed. The Clinical Frailty Scale
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Preference and Perception of Indian Caregivers Towards Formal Long–Term Supportive Services – A Mixed–Methods Study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Subharati Ghosh, Arvind Mathur
Purpose of the Study In India, the rate of population aging, the greater burden of chronic disease-related care, and smaller families question the sustainability of traditional family based, home long term support and services (LTSS). However, little is still known about Indians’ perception of formal LTSS.
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Proteomic profiling of aging brains identifies key proteins by which cognitively healthy centenarians defy their age by decades medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Andrea B. Ganz, Meng Zhang, Frank Koopmans, Ka Wan Li, Suzanne S.M. Miedema, Annemieke J.M. Rozemuller, Marc Hulsman, Netherlands Brain Bank, Philip Scheltens, Jeroen J.M. Hoozemans, Marcel J.T. Reinders, August B. Smit, Henne Holstege
Some individuals reach extreme ages without any signs of cognitive decline. Here, we show that based on key proteins, cognitively healthy centenarians have a biologically younger brain. We compared the brain proteomic signatures of 58 self-reported cognitively healthy centenarians with 61 non-demented individuals and 91 AD patients. The abundance of 472 proteins strongly associated with AD Braak stages
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Changes in the physical behaviour of older adults during the 13 weeks GOTO intervention explain a boost in immuno-metabolic health medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Stylianos Paraschiakos, Fatih A. Bogaards, Arno Knobbe, P. Eline Slagboom, Marian Beekman
Background The aging population faces numerous health challenges, with sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity being paramount. We explore the physical behaviour of older adults in the GOTO combined lifestyle intervention study and its related immuno-metabolic health effects.
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VIGIL - Video In Geriatric Intervention Clinic: A randomised controlled feasibility trial protocol comparing face-to-face and video delivery of a specialist preoperative clinic for older people medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Emma Thorman, Andrea Joughin, Ben Carter, Philip Braude
The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in significant challenges to the provision of face-to-face clinics in geriatric perioperative care (G-POC). There are no studies evaluating the use of telemedicine in this population. A pilot study at North Bristol NHS Trust demonstrated that delivery of GPOC clinics via video consultation was feasible, but did not record outcome measures to demonstrate effectiveness
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Associations between regional adipose tissue distribution and skeletal muscle bioenergetics in older men and women medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Andrea M Brennan, Paul M Coen, Theresa Mau, Megan Hetherington-Rauth, Frederico G.S. Toledo, Erin E Kershaw, Peggy M Cawthon, Philip A Kramer, Sofhia V Ramos, Anne B Newman, Steven R Cummings, Daniel E Forman, Reichelle X Yeo, Giovanna DiStefano, Iva Miljkovic, Jamie N Justice, Anthony J.A. Molina, Michael J Jurczak, Lauren M Sparks, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Bret H Goodpaster
Objective: Examine the association of ectopic adipose tissue (AT) with skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondrial bioenergetics in older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 829 older adults ≥70 years was used. Total abdominal, subcutaneous, and visceral AT; and thigh muscle fat infiltration (MFI) was quantified by MRI. SM mitochondrial energetics were characterized using in vivo 31P-MRS (ATPmax) and
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Energetics and Clinical Factors for the Time Required to Walk 400 Meters The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-10 steven cummings, Li-Yung Lui, Nancy W Glynn, Theresa Mau, Peggy M Cawthon, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Paul M Coen, Bret H. Goodpaster, David J Marcinek, Hepple Russ, Sheena Patel, Anne B Newman
Abstract Background: Walking slows with aging often leading to mobility disability. Mitochondrial energetics has been found to influence gait speed over short distances. Additionally, walking is a complex activity but few clinical factors that may influence walk time have been studied. Methods: We examined 879 participants ≥70 years and measured the time to walk 400m. We tested the hypothesis that
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A protocol for evaluating digital technology for monitoring sleep and circadian rhythms in older people and people living with dementia in the community medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Ciro della Monica, Kiran K. G. Ravindran, Giuseppe Atzori, Damion Lambert, Thalia Rodriguez-Garcia, Sara Mahvash-Mohammadi, Ullrich Bartsch, Anne C. Skeldon, Kevin Wells, Adam Hampshire, Ramin Nilforooshan, Hana Hassanin, The UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research & Technology Research Group, Victoria L. Revell, Derk-Jan Dijk
Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance are predictors of poor physical and mental health, including dementia. Long-term monitoring of sleep and circadian rhythms in people living in the community may have great potential for early diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression and assessing the effectiveness of interventions in dementia and other health conditions. Many novel digital technology-based
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Skeletal muscle energetics explain the sex disparity in mobility impairment in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Philip Kramer, Paul Coen, Peggy Cawthon, Giovanna Distefano, Steven Cummings Cummings, Bret H. Goodpaster, Russ Hepple, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Eric Shankland, David J Marcinek, Frederico G. S. Toledo, Kate Duchowny, Sofhia V Ramos, Stephanie Harrison, Anne B Newman, Anthony Molina
The age-related decline in muscle mitochondrial energetics contributes to the loss of mobility in older adults. Women experience a higher prevalence of mobility impairment compared to men, but it is unknown whether sex-specific differences in muscle energetics underlie this disparity. In the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), muscle energetics were characterized using in vivo phosphorus-31
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Sleep disturbances as risk factors for neurodegeneration later in life medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Emily Simmonds, Kristin S. Levine, Jun Han, Hirotaka Iwaki, Mathew J. Koretsky, Nicole Kuznetsov, Faraz Faghri, Caroline Warly Solsberg, Artur Schuh, Lietsel Jones, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Andrew Singleton, Valentina Escott-Price, Hampton L. Leonard, Mike A. Nalls
The relationship between sleep disorders and neurodegeneration is complex and multi-faceted. Using over one million electronic health records (EHRs) from Wales, UK, and Finland, we mined biobank data to identify the relationships between sleep disorders and the subsequent manifestation of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) later in life. We then examined how these sleep disorders' severity impacts neurodegeneration
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The association of skeletal muscle energetics with recurrent falls in older adults within the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Philip Kramer, Zeke Zamora, Haley Barnes, Elsa Strotmeyer, Nancy W Glynn, Nancy Lane, Paul Coen, Peggy Cawthon, Bret H. W Goodpaster, Anne B Newman, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Steven Cummings
Background: Falls in the older population are a major public health concern. While many physiological and environmental factors have been associated with fall risk, muscle mitochondrial energetics has not yet been investigated. Methods: In this analysis, 835 Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) participants aged 70-94 were surveyed for recurrent falls (2+) after one year. Skeletal muscle energetics
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Defining Key Deprescribing Measures from Electronic Health Data: A Multisite Data Harmonization Project medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Sascha Dublin, Ladia H. Albertson-Junkans, Thanh Phuong Pham Nguyen, Juliessa M. Pavon, Susan N. Hastings, Matthew L. Maciejewski, Allison Willis, Lindsay Zepel, Sean Hennessy, Kathleen B. Albers, Danielle Mowery, Amy G. Clark, Sunil Thomas, Michael A. Steinman, Cynthia M. Boyd, Elizabeth A. Bayliss
Background: Deprescribing, or systematically stopping or reducing risky or unneeded medications, could improve older adults′ health. Electronic health records (EHR) hold promise for supporting deprescribing studies, but there are currently no standardized measures for key variables. With benzodiazepines and other sedative-hypnotics (Z-drugs) as a case study, we developed and examined EHR-based definitions
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Autophagy gene expression in skeletal muscle of older individuals is associated with physical performance, muscle volume and mitochondrial function in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-05 Paul M Coen, Zhiguang Huo, Gregory J Tranah, Haley N Barnes, Peggy M Cawthon, Russell T Hepple, Frederico GS Toledo, Daniel S Evans, Olaya Santiago Fernandez, Ana Maria Cuervo, Steven B Kritchevsky, Anne B Newman, Steven R Cummings, Karyn A Esser
Autophagy is an essential component of proteostasis and a key pathway in aging. Identifying associations between autophagy gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle and physical performance outcomes would further our knowledge of mechanisms related with proteostasis and healthy aging. Muscle biopsies were obtained from participants in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). For 575 participants
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Height loss in adulthood is associated with health outcomes in later life in men and women enrolled in the 1946 UK Birth Cohort (NSHD) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-05 Katarina L Matthes, Kaspar Staub
Objective: To investigate the relationship between height in childhood and relative height loss in adulthood, and to examine the association between height loss and health at age 69. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Data from one of the oldest ongoing cohort studies, the National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD, 1946 UK birth cohort) Participants: 2,119 study participants who completed the nurse
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Higher Expression of Denervation-responsive Genes is Negatively Associated with Muscle Volume and Performance Traits in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-11-05 Cole J. Lukasiewicz, Greg J. Tranah, Daniel S. Evans, Paul M. Coen, Haley N. Barnes, Zhiguang Huo, Karyn A. Esser, Nancy E. Lane, Steven B. Kritchevsky, Anne B. Newman, Steven R. Cummings, Peggy M. Cawthon, Russell T. Hepple
With aging skeletal muscle fibers undergo repeating cycles of denervation and reinnervation. In approximately the 8th decade of life reinnervation no longer keeps pace, resulting in the accumulation of persistently denervated muscle fibers that in turn cause an acceleration of muscle dysfunction. The significance of denervation in important clinical outcomes with aging is poorly studied. The Study
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Rationale and protocol for a safety, tolerability and feasibility randomized, parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of a novel ketone ester targeting frailty via immunometabolic geroscience mechanisms. medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Brianna J Stubbs, Gabriela Gabriela, Sawyer Peraltra, Stephanie Roa-Diaz, Wyatt Gray, Laura Alexander, Wendie Silverman-Martin, Thelma Garcia, Traci Blonquist, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Peter Turnbaugh, James Johnson, John C Newman
Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic insufficiency that creates vulnerability to poor outcomes with aging. We hypothesize that geroscience interventions, which target mechanisms of aging, could ameliorate frailty. Metabolites such as ketone bodies are candidate geroscience interventions, having pleiotropic effects on inflammo-metabolic aging
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Home-Based Osteoporosis monitoring Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: Muscle-to-Bone Mass Ratio medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-10-20 zeng jingqi, jia xiaobin
Osteoporosis and its associated fractures affect nearly one-fifth of the global population, becoming a significant public health concern. While medical interventions can reduce these risks, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), the primary screening method, is limited due to its high cost, need for professional operation, and radiation exposure risks. However, in our Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
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Cognitive Impairment and Noncommunicable Diseases in Egypt's Aging Population: Insights and Implications from the pilot of the Longitudinal Study of Egyptian Healthy Aging “AL-SEHA” medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Sara A. Moustafa, Reem Deif, Nada Gaballah, Mohamed Salama
As the global population ages, the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older individuals has been steadily rising. Egypt, like many countries, is grappling with the challenges posed by an aging demographic. Cognitive impairment not only affects the quality of life of older adults but also imposes significant burdens on healthcare systems and societies as a whole. This paper presents findings from
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Evaluating the life-extending potential and safety profile of rapamycin: a Mendelian Randomization study of the mTOR pathway medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Maria K Sobczyk, Tom R Gaunt
Objective: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an integral role in cellular metabolism, growth, and aging. While rapamycin and its analogs inhibit the mTOR pathway, extending lifespan in various organisms, the long-term safety and efficacy of these compounds in humans remain understudied. Methods: Utilizing two mTOR expression QTL instruments derived from the eQTLgen and MetaBrain
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Increased Risk of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Older Patients Exposed to Multidrug Interactions Involving Warfarin medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Prathiv Raj Ramesh Babu
Multidrug interactions are a major cause of mortality for older patients. With an increase in alert fatigue for clinicians using Electronic Health Record systems (EHRs), Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) are increasing within older populations taking various drugs, because the probabilities of the adverse events associated with exposure to interacting drugs are not provided. The Observational Health Data
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Longitudinal associations between mild behavioral impairment, sleep disturbance, and progression to dementia medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Dinithi M Mudalige, Dylan X Guan, Maryam Ghahremani, Zahinoor Ismail
Background: Clinical guidelines recommend incorporating non-cognitive markers like mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and sleep disturbance (SD) into dementia screening to improve detection. Objective: We investigated the longitudinal associations between MBI, SD, and incident dementia. Methods: Participant data were from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center in the United States. MBI was derived
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Proteomic aging clock predicts mortality and risk of common age-related diseases in diverse populations medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-13 M. Austin Argentieri, Sihao Xiao, Derrick Bennett, Laura Winchester, Alejo J. Nevado-Holgado, Ashwag Albukhari, Pang Yao, Mohsen Mazidi, Jun Lv, Liming Li, Cassandra J. Adams, Robert Clarke, Najaf Amin, Zhengming Chen, Cornelia M. van Duijn
Circulating plasma proteins play key roles in human health and could be used to measure biological aging to predict risk of mortality, disease, and multimorbidity beyond chronological age. We developed a proteomic age clock using 1,459 plasma proteins (Olink Explore) in two prospective biobanks in the UK (n=45,117) and China (n=2,026) and explored its utility to predict incident risk of 26 major age-related
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Development and Characterization of Proteomic Aging Clocks in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Shuo Wang, Zexi Rao, Rui Cao, Anne H. Blaes, Josef Coresh, Corinne E. Joshu, Benoit Lehalier, Pamela L. Lutsey, James S. Pankow, Sanaz Sedaghat, Weihong Tang, Bharat Thyagarajan, Keenan A. Walker, Peter Ganz, Elizabeth A. Platz, Weihua Guan, Anna Prizment
Biological age may be estimated by proteomic aging clocks (PACs). Previous published PACs were constructed either in smaller studies or mainly in White individuals, and they used proteomic measures from only one-time point. In the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study of about 12,000 persons followed for 30 years (around 75% White, 25% Black), we created de novo PACs and compared their performance
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Fact Check: Assessing the Response of ChatGPT to Alzheimer's Disease Statements with Varying Degrees of Misinformation medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Sean S Huang, Qingyuan Song, Kimberly J Beiting, Maria C Duggan, Kristin Hines, Harvey Murff, Vania Leung, James Powers, T.S. Harvey, Bradley Malin, Zhijun Yin
Background There are many myths regarding Alzheimer's disease (AD) that have been circulated on the Internet, each exhibiting varying degrees of accuracy, inaccuracy, and misinformation. Large language models such as ChatGPT, may be a useful tool to help assess these myths for veracity and inaccuracy. However, they can induce misinformation as well. The objective of this study is to assess ChatGPT's
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Prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia among older adults in a post-acute hospital in Singapore medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Charmaine You Mei Tan, Sharna Si Ying Seah, Doris Yanshan Lim, Siew Van Koh, Karthikeyan Ganeshan, Olivia Jiawen Xia, Xuan Lin Low, Hui Yi Quek, Andrea Shuyi Ong, Lian Leng Low, Junjie Aw
Background: Sarcopenia is common in older adults worldwide, but its prevalence varies widely owing to differences in diagnostic criteria, population sampled, and care setting. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in patients aged 65 and above admitted to a post-acute hospital in Singapore. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 400 patients recruited from
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Exploring the diversity of participants with dementia taking part in research: a mixed methods study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Rupinder Kaur Bajwa, Louise Howe, Joy O Agbonmwandolor, Alison Cowley, Emma J Adams, Sarah Goldberg, Rowan H Harwood
Introduction: Dementia is becoming increasingly prevalent in the UK. Older adults from black and south Asian communities have a higher risk for dementia due to an increased prevalence of dementia specific risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Deprivation has also been linked to an increased risk of dementia. Ethnic minority and lower socioeconomic groups are underrepresented
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Identifying Factors Associated with Lower Quarter Performance-Based Balance and Strength Tests: the Project Baseline Health Study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Kenneth A. Taylor, Megan Carroll, Sarah A Short, Bettia E Celestin, Adam Gilbertson, Christoph Olivier, Francois Haddad, Nicholas Cauwenberghs
Background: Physical performance tests are predictive of mortality and have been proposed for screening for certain health conditions (e.g., sarcopenia); however, the diagnostic screening and prognostic value of physical performance tests has primarily been studied in age-limited or disease-specific cohorts. In this study, we sought to identify the most salient characteristics associated with three
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Impact of Preexisting dementia on in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage stroke medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Lijun Zuo, Yang Hu, Yanhong Dong, Hong-Qiu Gu, Raymond CS Seet, Zixiao Li, Yongjun Wang, Xingquan Zhao
Objective: We assessed the impact of preexisting dementia on in-hospital mortality, home discharge and complications of Chinese patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Consecutive in-hospital data were extracted from the China Stroke Center Alliance database from August 2015 to July 2019. Patient characteristics, in-hospital mortality, and complications were compared between ICH patients
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Trending Drugs Combination to Target Leukemia associated Proteins/Genes: using Graph Neural Networks under the RAIN Protocol medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-21 MahnazMahn Boush, Ali Akbar Kiaei, Hossein Mahboubi
Background: Leukemia, a cancer impacting blood-forming tissues such as bone marrow and the lymphatic system, presents in various forms, affecting children and adults differently. The therapeutic approach is complex and depends on the specific leukemia type. Effective management is crucial as it disrupts normal blood cell production, increasing infection susceptibility. Treatments like chemotherapy
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Mapping the context of sedentary behaviour (MAPS-B) using wearable sensors, indoor positioning systems, and diaries in older adults who are pre-frail and frail: A feasibility study medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Isabel B. Rodrigues, Rachel Swance, Suleman Tariq, Alexa Kouroukis, Jonathan Adachi, Steven Bray, Alexander Rabinovich, George Ioannidis, Rong Zheng, Dylan Kobsar, Qiyin Fang, Alexandra Papaioannou
Older adults who are frail are likely to be sedentary. Prior interventions to reduce sedentary time in older adults have not been successful as there is little research about the context of sedentary behaviour (posture, location, purpose, social environment). Moreover, there is limited evidence on feasible measures to assess context of sedentary behaviour in older adults. The aim of our study was to
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Mobile instrumental assessment of swallowing in residential aged care homes medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Olga Birchall, Nadine Lawson, Amanda Richards, Michelle Bennett, Sue M Cotton, Adam Vogel
Purpose: Adults living in residential-aged-care-homes (RACHs) with oropharyngeal dysphagia may not have timely access to instrumental swallowing assessment due to barriers, including the need to travel off-site for assessment. This study describes the feasibility, utility, and acceptability of mobile Flexible-Endoscopic-Swallowing-Assessment (mFEES) in Australian residential-agedcare-homes (RACHs)
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The experience of family carers for people with moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting: a systematically constructed narrative synthesis medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Charles James, Catherine Walshe, Caroline Swarbrick
Background Caring for someone with moderate to advanced dementia within a domestic home setting can be burdensome and time-consuming. To ensure the effectiveness of care planning and delivery, especially towards the end of life, understanding the nature and impact of such caregiving on the family carer is important. Synthesising existing research will allow greater insight into this experience. Review
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Physiological Perspective of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Older Peoples in Bangladesh. medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Sharmila Jahan, Md. Rabiul Islam, Tania Rahman Rahman, Md. Feroz Kabir, Md. Kabir Hossain, K M Amran Hossain, Md. Zahid Hossain, Ehsanur Rahman, Md. Waliul Islam, Sonjit Kumar Chakrovorty, Altaf Hossain Sarker, Golam Moula, Atqiya Antara Antara
Musculoskeletal disorders are debilitating conditions that significantly impact on the state of health, especially in elderly people. The study, which employed a cross-sectional design and practical sampling, included 206 participants from all over Bangladesh with musculoskeletal issues of varying severity and impact. The study was carried out between January and June of 2022. The majority of them
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Uncertainty in serious illness: A national interdisciplinary consensus exercise to identify clinical research priorities medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Simon Noah Etkind, Stephen Barclay, Anna Spathis, Sarah Hopkins, Ben Bowers, Jonathan Koffman
Background: Serious illness is characterised by uncertainty, particularly in older age groups. Uncertainty may be experienced by patients, family carers, and health professionals about a broad variety of issues. There are many evidence gaps regarding the experience and management of uncertainty. Aim: We aimed to identify priority research areas concerning uncertainty in serious illness, to ensure that
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Effects of a clinical decision support system and patient portal for preventing medication-related falls in older fallers: Protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial with embedded process and economic evaluations (ADFICE_IT) medRxiv. Geriatr. Med. Pub Date : 2023-07-23 Kelly K. de Wildt, Bob van de Loo, Annemiek J. Linn, Stephanie Medlock, Sara S. Groos, Kim J. Ploegmakers, Lotta J. Seppala, Judith E. Bosmans, Ameen Abu-Hanna, Julia C.M. van Weert, Natasja M. van Schoor, Nathalie van der Velde, ADFICE_IT study team
Background: Falls are the leading cause of injury-related mortality and hospitalization among adults aged ≥ 65 years. An important modifiable fall-risk factor is use of fall-risk increasing drugs (FRIDs). However, deprescribing is not always attempted or performed successfully. The ADFICE_IT trial evaluates the combined use of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and a patient portal for optimizing