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The Influence of a Warm-Up on Vigilance in University Students Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Francisco Tomás González-Fernández, Alfonso Castillo-Rodriguez, Sixto González-Víllora, David Hortigüela-Alcalá
The present study aimed to analyze the effects of conducting a warm-up (WC) or not (WWC) on students of the Science Degree in Physical Activity and Sport before starting a practical class. Thirty-two students of the Science Degree in Physical Activity and Sport (age: 22.38 ± 1.81 years; height: 176.09 ± 8.52 cm; weight: 22.38 ± 1.81 kg; body fat: 25.17 ± 3.20%) participated in a counterbalanced cross-sectional
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High-Intensity Forward-Backward Plyometrics After the Warm-Up Entail Better Sprint and Change-of-Direction Performance Than Low-Intensity Side-to-Side Plyometrics Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Karim Ben Ayed, Raouf Hammami, Javier Gene-Morales, Amira Ajailia, Hanen Werfelli, Haithem Rebai, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Jorge Flandez, Juan C. Colado
This study aimed to determine the acute effects of high-intensity forward-backward and low-intensity side-to-side plyometric jumps performed following the warm-up on sprint (5, 10, and 15 m) and change-of-direction (COD) (T-half test and repeated T-half tests) performance in youth volleyball players. After a familiarization week, 30 male volleyball players (age = 12.04 ± 1.03 years) performed three
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Increased Ability to Perceive Relevant Sensory Information Minimizes Low Back Exposures in Lifting. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Daniel P Armstrong,Brian C Horslen,Steven L Fischer
We have previously shown evidence that some individuals seem to consistently minimize low back loads when lifting, while others do not. However, it is unknown why. Individual differences in ability to perceive relevant sensory information may explain differences in minimization of low back loads during lifting, consistent with considering load reduction in one's movement objective in an optimal feedback
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Acute Effect of Brace Use on Upper-Extremity Functionality in Adolescent Individuals With Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Kamil Yilmaz,Fatih Celik,Bayram Sonmez Unuvar
It is well known that scoliosis adversely affects the functions of the upper extremities. However, the acute effect of rigid braces, which are widely used in the conservative treatment of scoliosis, on upper-extremity functionality remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a rigid thoracolumbosacral brace use on upper-extremity functionality in individuals with adolescent
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The Effect of an Overhead External Load Lifting and Lowering on Dynamic Postural Control in Subgroups of Low Back Pain Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Majid Shahbazi, Javad Sarrafzadeh, Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani, Hossein Negahban
Background: Understanding postural control in low back pain (LBP) subgroups can help develop targeted interventions to improve postural control. The studies on this topic are limited. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to compare the postural control of LBP subgroups with healthy individuals during overhead load lifting and lowering. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the participants
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Motor Transfer and Proactive Interference in Cycling With a Noncircular Chainring Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Thomas Haab, Peter Leinen, Stefan Panzer
Athletes must transfer their performance when changing equipment due to innovative developments in sports technology. This kind of transfer has received only moderate attention. The aim of this study was to examine whether a mechanical change in sports equipment disturbs an athlete’s performance and affects biomechanical and neurophysiological parameters. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in which
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Balance Recovery Strategy in Children With and Without Hearing or Visual Impairments. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Hamed Zarei,Ali Asghar Norasteh,Lauren J Lieberman,Ali Brian
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the balance recovery strategy in children with hearing (HI) and visual impairments (VI) compared with those without these disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study featured a cross-sectional design with subjects (N = 45) placed within one of three equally stratified purposive groups (HI, VI, and comparison) within the age range of 9-13 years (mean
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Use of Target Information for Preparing Initial Motor Command of Target Force Production Task Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Koichi Hiraoka, Keita Hashimoto, Takumi Fukuchi
The present study examined how humans use the target information provided immediately before the onset of motor output to prepare the initial motor command in the target force production task. Twenty healthy individuals participated in this study. A target cursor indicating the target force, and a force cursor indicating the force produced with index finger flexion were presented, and participants
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Increased Risk of Falling in Older Adults When Coordinating Obstacle Avoidance and Grasping. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-26 Janine Carvalho Valentino Camargos,Gabriela Vigorito Magalhães,Letícia Munhoz Avellar,Anselmo Frizera,Natalia Madalena Rinaldi
This study aimed to investigate the kinematic changes in obstacle avoidance and prehension tasks performed simultaneously by older adults with a history of falls at different levels of task difficulty. Twenty-six older adults were divided into faller and nonfaller groups. The experimental protocol was divided into two different tasks: walking with obstacle avoidance and walking with obstacle avoidance
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Rating of Perceived Exertion in the First Repetition is Related to the Total Repetitions Performed in Elastic Bands Training. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Juan C Colado,Javier Gené-Morales,Pablo Jiménez-Martínez,Jorge Flandez,Ana María Ferri-Caruana,Carlos Babiloni-Lopez
Several devices (e.g., linear transducers) have been used for predicting resistance training intensity. However, subjective scales, such as rating of perceived exertion (RPE), are proposed as reliable and easier-to-use tools for monitoring intensity during resistance training. Accordingly, different perceptive scales have been presented in previous research for monitoring intensity during resistance
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Proprioceptive Acuity Assessment in Multiple Directions Across Multiple Joints in the Upper Limb Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 Kai-Qi Zhang, Yan-Xia Li, Na Lv, Qiang Ma, Shu-Jun Zhang, Xi Zhao, Kai Wang, Li Li, Lin Li
Proprioception is essential for precise movement as it helps the body transmit important data about its surroundings to the central nervous system for maintaining body posture and position. This study aimed to investigate the effect of direction and joint angle on upper limb proprioception. Thirty individuals (all males) completed a position reproduction activity in 13 directions and three joint angles
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Immediate Effects of Real-Time Feedback During Overground Gait Performed Using Inertial Measurement Units on Gait Parameters in Healthy Young Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Takasuke Miyazaki, Yasufumi Takeshita, Daichi Shimose, Shogo Kakimoto, Sota Araki, Yuta Matsuzawa, Shobu Nakashima, Yuki Nakai, Masayuki Kawada, Ryoji Kiyama
This cross-sectional study examined the immediate effects of four types of real-time feedback during overground gait performed using inertial measurement units on gait kinematics in healthy young participants. Twelve healthy young participants (mean age: 27.1 years) performed 60-s gait trials with each of the following real-time feedback: walking spontaneously (no feedback trial); increasing the ankle
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Judokas Exhibit Short Response Latency Even to Non-Judo-Specific External Perturbation: Insights Into the Involuntary Postural Control Ability in Humans Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Natsuki Sado, Norihisa Fujii, Eri Nonaka, Terumitsu Miyazaki
Humans experience unanticipated external postural perturbations and recover their posture faster via involuntary responses than voluntary responses. Previous cross-sectional comparisons between athletes and untrained populations have suggested that daily motor experiences can lead to adaptations in the reflex system, but the temporal aspect of this adaptation has been unclear. Here we show that judokas
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Balance Control in Individuals With Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-11 Hamed Zarei, Ali Asghar Norasteh, Lauren J. Lieberman, Michael W. Ertel, Ali Brian
Background: Individuals with visual impairment have balance deficits; therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide comprehensive insights into the balance control of individuals with visual impairments when compared with individuals with full vision. Methods: Primary sources were obtained from eight databases including PubMed, LILACS, Science Direct, SCOPUS, CINAHL, PEDro, CENTRAL, and Web of
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The Association of Age and Sex With Joint Angles and Coordination During Unanticipated Cutting in Soccer Players. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Shawn M Robbins,Yuri Lopes Lima,Harry Brown,Moreno Morelli,David J Pearsall,Marco Bühler,Anouk Lamontagne
Deficits in movement patterns during cutting while running might place soccer players at risk of injury. The objective was to compare joint angles and intersegment coordination between sexes and ages during an unanticipated side-step cutting task in soccer players. This cross-sectional study recruited 11 male (four adolescents and seven adults) and 10 female (six adolescents and four adults) soccer
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Identifying Referent Control Variables Underlying Goal-Directed Arm Movements Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Marie-Reine El-Hage, Alexandra Wendling, Mindy F. Levin, Anatol G. Feldman
The referent control theory (RCT) for action and perception is an advanced formulation of the equilibrium-point hypothesis. The RCT suggests that rather than directly specifying the desired motor outcome, the nervous system controls action and perception indirectly by setting the values of parameters of physical and physiological laws. This is done independently of values of kinematic and kinetic variables
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Effects of Wearing Slippers While Obstacle Crossing in Healthy Young Adults: Strategy for Toe Clearance Enhancement and Prevention of Slipper Loss Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Kento Tanaka, Yusuke Sekiguchi, Keita Honda, Shin-ichi Izumi
Wearing loose footwear, such as slippers, poses a risk factor for tripping. Previous studies have examined obstacle crossing to find strategies to avoid tripping. However, the effect of wearing slippers on the likelihood of tripping remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether wearing slippers while level walking and obstacle crossing affects kinematic characteristics and muscle
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Understanding the Interaction of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Visual Feedback During an Ankle Movement Task Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Mark Cummings, Aditi Doshi, Sangeetha Madhavan
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been demonstrated to facilitate motor performance in healthy individuals; however, results are variable. The neuromodulatory effects of tDCS during visuomotor tasks may be influenced by extrinsic visual feedback. However, this interaction between tDCS and visual feedback has not been explored for the lower limb. Hence, our objective was
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Stimulus–Response Compatibility During Fighting Task Simulation: Influences of the Opponent’s Spatial Codes on the Accuracy and Response Time Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Andreza Abreus de Moura, Leonardo José Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Erick Francisco Quintas Conde
Manual Reaction Time measures have been widely used to study interactions between perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions. The Stimulus–Response Compatibility is a phenomenon characterized through faster Manual Reaction Times when stimuli and response locations coincide (correspondent condition) than when they are on different sides (noncorrespondent condition). The present study adapted a protocol
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Effectiveness of a Cognitive-Motor Training Program in Reducing Attentional Cost During Walking in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-26 Carmen Gutiérrez-Cruz,F Javier Rojas,Juan Carlos De la Cruz,Marcos Gutiérrez-Dávila
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a combined training program (CTP) in reducing the effects of dual tasking on the temporal parameters and kinematics of gait, as compared with single-task gait. A controlled, randomized, intervention study was performed in an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group attended three weekly CTP sessions for 24 weeks. Gait pattern
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Creativity Is Contextual: A Narrative Review of Motor Creativity Tests From an Ecological Perspective Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-12 Yi-Shin Lee, Pierpaolo Iodice, John Komar
This narrative review seeks to compare the various ways in which motor creativity has been measured and to critically evaluate those methods within the context of our contemporary understanding of motor creativity. Eligible studies included those of any study design, experimental or observational, as long as motor creativity was measured. Three databases (i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) were
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Mental Fatigue From Smartphone Use or Stroop Task Does Not Affect Bench Press Force-Velocity Profile, One-Repetition Maximum, or Vertical Jump Performance. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Carlos Alix-Fages,Eneko Baz-Valle,Henar González-Cano,Pablo Jiménez-Martínez,Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of mental fatigue from smartphone use and Stroop task on bench press force-velocity (F-V) profile, one-repetition maximum (1RM), and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Twenty-five trained subjects (age = 25.8 ± 5.7 years) completed three sessions separated by 1 week following a randomized double-blinded crossover design. Each session consisted of
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Effects of 4 Weeks of Variability Training on Forehand Approach Precision and Velocity in Recreational Tennis Players Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Celia Negro, Ernest Baiget, Joshua Colomar, Juan Pedro Fuentes-García
This study aims to analyze the effects of a training program based on practice variability on the speed and accuracy of the tennis forehand approach to the net shot. The study sample consisted of 35 players of both genders, 22 men and 13 women (age 44 ± 10.9 years, height 1.73 ± 0.8 cm, and weight 74.7 ± 8.4 kg). Players were randomly distributed into two groups (control group = 18 and experimental
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Effects of Mental Fatigue Induced by Stroop Task and by Social Media Use on Resistance Training Performance, Movement Velocity, Perceived Exertion, and Repetitions in Reserve: A Randomized and Double-Blind Crossover Trial. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Carlos Alix-Fages,Henar González-Cano,Eneko Baz-Valle,Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
This study aimed to explore the effects of mental fatigue (MF) induced by an incongruent Stroop task (ST) and by using social media (SM) compared to watching a documentary (control) on dynamic resistance training. Twenty-one resistance-trained males attended three identical experimental sessions with the only difference of the randomized cognitive task (ST, SM, or control). Each session consisted of
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Strategies for Controlling a Whole-Body Task With Uncertain Initial Conditions: Application to the Upstart on Bars Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Michael J. Hiley, Maurice R. Yeadon
The upstart is commonly used on bars in artistic gymnastics following a release and regrasp skill, where the gymnast will perform a flighted element before catching the bar. The variability of the flighted element leads to varying initial conditions prior to the upstart. The aim of the study was to understand how technique can be manipulated in order to ensure success at the task despite this variability
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Age-Related Changes in Plantar Sensation and Ankle Proprioception in Adolescents to Older Adults. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Xiaoyue Hu,Ziwei Zeng,Meihua Tang,Lin Wang
BACKGROUND Plantar sensation and ankle proprioception occur in a stage-like variance across the life span. However, changes in adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of plantar sensation and ankle proprioception in adolescents to older adults. METHODS A total of 212 participants were recruited in the study
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A Hurdle-Based Learning Design Effect on Locomotion Pattern and Hurdle Clearance Kinematic Reorganization Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Flora Panteli, Apostolos Theodorou, Athanasia Smirniotou
The study assessed the manifestation of a regulated locomotion pattern while clearing the first two hurdles during running. In addition, the effect of a hurdles’ learning design, using specific activities and manipulated task constraints, on regulation strategies and kinematic reorganization was examined. Pre- and posttests were conducted. Twenty-four young athletes were randomly assigned into an experimental
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Altered Trunk Position Sense and Its Relationship With Spinal Posture and Spinal Mobility in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Mustafa Ertuğrul Yaşa, Ali Rıza Sonkaya, Buse Korkmaz, Özge Çoban, Necmiye Ün Yıldırım
Introduction: Proprioception is significantly affected by dysfunction of the basal ganglia, which play an important role in sensorimotor integration. Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is characterized by progressive loss of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, leads to a variety of motor and nonmotor symptoms throughout the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine trunk
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Motor-Evoked Potentials for Early Individual Elements of an Action Sequence During Planning Reflect Parallel Activation Processes Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-03 Lawrence P. Behmer, Mathew J.C. Crump, Kelly J. Jantzen
Several computational models make predictions about the activation states of individual elements of an action sequence during planning and execution; however, the neural mechanisms of action planning are still poorly understood. Simple chaining models predict that only the first response in an action sequence should be active during planning. Conversely, some parallel activation models suggest that
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The Effects of Subthreshold Vibratory Noise on Cortical Activity During Motor Imagery Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-17 Kishor Lakshminarayanan, Rakshit Shah, Yifei Yao, Deepa Madathil
Previous studies have demonstrated that both visual and proprioceptive feedback play vital roles in mental practice of movements. Tactile sensation has been shown to improve with peripheral sensory stimulation via imperceptible vibratory noise by stimulating the sensorimotor cortex. With both proprioception and tactile sensation sharing the same population of posterior parietal neurons encoding within
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A Multiday Professional Padel Tournament Impairs Sleep, Mental Toughness, and Reaction Time: A World Padel Tour Field Study Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-15 Jesús Díaz-García, Bart Roelands, Jelle Habay, Inmaculada González-Ponce, Miguel Ángel López-Gajardo, Tomás García-Calvo, Jeroen Van Cutsem
This study aimed to assess, for the first time, how self-reported sleep, mental toughness, and reaction time are impacted by a professional padel tournament. In addition, we evaluated whether sex, age, and/or ranking play a role in this possible effect of a tournament on these variables. Twenty-three professional players (15 men, Mage = 24 ± 6 years; eight women, Mage = 21 ± 5 years) were evaluated
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Table Tennis, as a Method of Sensorimotor Training, Induces Haptic and Motor Gains in Children With a Probable Developmental Coordination Disorder. Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Yu-Ting Tseng,Chia-Liang Tsai,Tzu Hsuan Wu,Yi-Wen Chen,Yi-Hsuan Lin
This study examined whether table tennis as a method of sensorimotor training improves haptic and motor function and to what extent haptic function gain correlates with changes in motor ability in children with probable developmental coordination disorder (pDCD). Children with pDCD were randomly assigned to the table tennis and nontraining control groups. The children in the table tennis group received
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A Narrative Literature Review About the Role of Microsaccades in Sports Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-14 Alessandro Piras, Milena Raffi
In many daily and sport situations, people have to simultaneously perceive and process multiple objects and scenes in a short amount of time. A wrong decision may lead to a disadvantage for a team or for a single athlete, and during daily life (i.e., driving, surgery), it could have more dangerous consequences. Considering the results of different studies, the ability to distribute visual attention
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Dual-Task Interference Slows Down Proprioception Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-04 Linjing Jiang, Satoshi Kasahara, Tomoya Ishida, Yuting Wei, Ami Chiba, Mina Samukawa, Harukazu Tohyama
It is well-known that multitasking impairs the performance of one or both of the concomitant ongoing tasks. Previous studies have mainly focused on how a secondary task can compromise visual or auditory information processing. However, despite dual tasking being critical to motor performance, the effects of dual-task performance on proprioceptive information processing have not been studied yet. The
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Intramuscle Synergies: Their Place in the Neural Control Hierarchy Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Mark L. Latash, Shirin Madarshahian, Joseph M. Ricotta
We accept a definition of synergy introduced by Nikolai Bernstein and develop it for various actions, from those involving the whole body to those involving a single muscle. Furthermore, we use two major theoretical developments in the field of motor control—the idea of hierarchical control with spatial referent coordinates and the uncontrolled manifold hypothesis—to discuss recent studies of synergies
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Effect of Vertical Jump and Sprint Training on Power and Speed Performance Transfer Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Rodrigo Ghedini Gheller, Rafael Lima Kons, Juliano Dal Pupo, Daniele Detanico
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of specific sprint and vertical jump training interventions on transfer of speed–power parameters. The data search was carried out in three electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus), and 28 articles were selected (13 on vertical jump training and 15 on sprint training). We followed the PRISMA criteria for the construction
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Effects of Mental Fatigue on Strength Endurance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Carlos Alix-Fages, Jozo Grgic, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Eneko Baz-Valle, Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the effects of mental fatigue on upper and lower body strength endurance. Searches for studies were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. We included studies that compared the effects of a demanding cognitive task (set to induce mental fatigue) with a control condition on strength endurance in dynamic
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Principal Component Analysis can Be Used to Discriminate Between Elite and Sub-Elite Kicking Performance Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-07 Michal Vagner, Daniel J. Cleather, Petr Kubový, Vladimír Hojka, Petr Stastny
Contemporary descriptions of motor control suggest that variability in movement can be indicative of skilled or unskilled performance. Here we used principal component analysis to study the kicking performance of elite and sub-elite soldiers who were highly familiar with the skill in order to compare the variability in the first and second principal components. The subjects kicked a force plate under
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Decay of Short-Term Motor Memory Regarding Force Reproduction Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Koichi Hiraoka, Masaya Ishimoto, Mai Kishigami, Ryota Sakaya, Asahi Sumimoto, Kazuki Yoshikawa
This study investigated the process that contributes to the decay of short-term motor memory regarding force reproduction. Participants performed tonic flexion of the right index finger with the target force feedback (criterion phase) and reproduced this force level without feedback 3, 10, 30, or 60 s after the end of the criterion phase (recall phase). The constant error for force reproduction was
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Dominant and Nondominant Leg Kinematics During Kicking in Young Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Francesco Frontani, Marco Prenassi, Viviana Paolini, Giovanni Formicola, Sara Marceglia, Francesca Policastro
The goal of the study is to analyze the kinematics and provide an EMG analysis of the support limb during an instep kick in adolescent players. We set a video camera, two torque transducers on the knee, and EMG sensors. A sample of 16 adolescent soccer players between 10 and 12 years old performed kicks. The kinematics shows a p = .039 on frontal plane (dominant 15.4 ± 1.8, nondominant 18.8 ± 1.7);
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Heating the Skin Over the Knee Improves Kinesthesia During Knee Extension Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-18 Meghan Lamers, Erika E. Howe, Geoffrey A. Power, Leah R. Bent
To determine how heating affects dynamic joint position sense at the knee, participants (n = 11; F = 6) were seated in a HUMAC NORM dynamometer. The leg was passively moved through extension and flexion, and participants indicated when the 90° reference position was perceived, both at baseline (28.74 ± 2.43 °C) and heated (38.05 ± 0.16 °C) skin temperatures. Day 2 of testing reduced knee skin feedback
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Startling Acoustic Stimulation Has Task-Specific Effects on Intracortical Facilitation and Inhibition at Rest and During Visually Guided Isometric Elbow Flexion in Healthy Individuals Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-18 Yen-Ting Chen, Shengai Li, Yingchun Zhang, Ping Zhou, Sheng Li
Startling acoustic stimulation (SAS) causes a transient effect on the primary motor cortex (M1) nonreflexively. It reduces the cortical excitability at rest, but not during voluntary contraction. However, the effect of SAS on intracortical activity is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the SAS effect on short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation using
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Validation of a Novel Reaction Time Test Specific for Military Personnel Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-18 Danica Janicijevic, Sergio Miras-Moreno, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla, Jesús Vera, Beatriz Redondo, Raimundo Jiménez, Amador Garcia-Ramos
A military-specific reaction time (RT) test was developed to explore its reliability and sensitivity to discriminate between military personnel and sport science students. Fifteen male professional Spanish soldiers and 16 male sport science students completed two RT test modalities: military-specific and nonspecific RT tests. For each RT test modality, both the Simple (i.e., one stimulus, one response)
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Distraction From Smartphones Changed Pedestrians’ Walking Behaviors in Open Areas Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-17 Yue Luo, Nicolas Grimaldi, Haolan Zheng, Wayne C.W. Giang, Boyi Hu
The prevalence of phone use has become a major concern for pedestrian safety. Using smartphones while walking reduces pedestrians’ ability to perceive the environment by increasing their cognitive, manual, and visual demands. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of common phone tasks (i.e., reading, tapping, gaming) on walking behaviors during outdoor walking. Nineteen young adults
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Patterns of Movement Performance and Consistency From Childhood to Old Age Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-09 Jessica Prebor, Brittany Samulski, Cortney Armitano-Lago, Steven Morrison
It is widely accepted that the general process of aging can be reflected by changes in motor function. Typically, optimal performance of a given motor task is observed for healthy young adults with declines being observed for individuals at either end of the lifespan. This study was designed to examine differences in the average and variability (i.e., intraindividual variability) of chewing, simple
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Adaptive Regulation in a Stable Performance Environment: Trial-To-Trial Consistency in Cue Sports Performance Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-08 Jing Wen Pan, Pui Wah Kong, John Komar
This study aimed to investigate individual trial-to-trial performance in three tests to define adaptive regulation as a key feature of expertise in nine-ball. Thirty-one male players were assigned into the low-skilled (n = 11), intermediate (n = 10), or high-skilled groups (n = 10). The power control, cue alignment, and angle tests were selected to assess participants’ ability to control the power
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Balance and Cognition in Male Collegiate Lacrosse Players Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-02 Dennis W. Klima, Ethan Hood, Meredith Madden, Rachel Bell, Teresa Dawson, Catherine McGill, Michael Patterson
Concussion screening among collegiate lacrosse athletes is a major safety priority. Although attention has been directed at concussion management following injury, less is known about the association between cognition and balance during preseason screening. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between balance and neurocognition among collegiate male lacrosse players and to examine
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Inverse Saxophone—A Device to Study the Role of Individual Finger Perturbations on Grasp Stability Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Thomas Jacob, Swarnab Dutta, Salai Jeyaseelan Annamalai, Varadhan SKM
The efficient coordination of fingertip forces to maintain static equilibrium while grasping an object continues to intrigue scientists. While many studies have explored this coordination, most of these studies assumed that interactions of hands primarily occur with rigid inanimate objects. Instead, our daily interactions with living and nonliving entities involve many dynamic, compliant, or fragile
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Introduction to the Special Z-Issue in Honor of the 90th Birthday of Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Mark L. Latash
Journal Name: Motor Control Volume: 27 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-5
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Electrical Stimulation of Distal Tibial Nerve During Stance Phase of Walking May Reverse Effects of Unilateral Paw Pad Anesthesia in the Cat Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Hangue Park, Alexander N. Klishko, Kyunggeune Oh, Celina Zhang, Gina Grenga, Kinsey R. Herrin, John F. Dalton, Robert S. Kistenberg, Michel A. Lemay, Mark Pitkin, Stephen P. DeWeerth, Boris I. Prilutsky
Cutaneous feedback from feet is involved in regulation of muscle activity during locomotion, and the lack of this feedback results in motor deficits. We tested the hypothesis that locomotor changes caused by local unilateral anesthesia of paw pads in the cat could be reduced/reversed by electrical stimulation of cutaneous and proprioceptive afferents in the distal tibial nerve during stance. Several
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External Focus Reduces Accuracy and Increases Antagonist Muscle Activation in Novice Adolescent Soccer Players Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-26 Serkan Uslu, Emel Çetin Özdoğan
Instep kick is one of the most effective kicking techniques in soccer. Lower extremity muscles and joints play a crucial role during instep kick. However, external (EF) and internal focus and their effect on the muscles are still ambiguous. In this study, 13 male adolescent soccer players were included and aimed to hit the targets in internal and EF conditions. Lower extremity muscle activations were
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Optimization Reduces Knee-Joint Forces During Walking and Squatting: Validating the Inverse Dynamics Approach for Full Body Movements on Instrumented Knee Prostheses Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Heiko Wagner, Kim Joris Boström, Marc H.E. de Lussanet, Myriam L. de Graaf, Christian Puta, Luis Mochizuki
Because of the redundancy of our motor system, movements can be performed in many ways. While multiple motor control strategies can all lead to the desired behavior, they result in different joint and muscle forces. This creates opportunities to explore this redundancy, for example, for pain avoidance or reducing the risk of further injury. To assess the effect of different motor control optimization
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Decoupled Control of Grasp and Rotation Constraints During Prehension of Weightless Objects Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Dayuan Xu, Jiwon Park, Jiseop Lee, Sungjune Lee, Jaebum Park
Gravity provides critical information for the adjustment of body movement or manipulation of the handheld object. Indeed, the changes in gravity modify the mechanical constraints of prehensile actions, which may be accompanied by the changes in control strategies. The current study examined the effect of the gravitational force of a handheld object on the control strategies for subactions of multidigit
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Postural Control and Adaptation Strategy of Young Adults on Unstable Surface Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Qian Qi Lai, Darwin Gouwanda, Alpha A. Gopalai
Balance control is essential for postural adjustment in physical activities. This study investigates the behavior of human postural control and the coordination and adaptation strategy of hip, knee, and ankle when standing on an unstable surface. Twenty participants were recruited. Four different conditions were investigated: a quiet bipedal stance with eyes open and eyes closed, and standing on an
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Memory-Guided Reaching: Is It Effortful? Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-27 Hui-Ting Goh, Jill Campbell Stewart, Kevin Becker, Cheng-Ju Hung
We previously showed that perceived effort during visually guided reaching was altered as task demand varied. Further, self-reported subjective fatigue correlated with perceived effort and reach performance under visually guided conditions. Memory-guided reaching often leads to performance deterioration and can provide insights about the planning and control of reach actions. It is unclear how perceived
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Uncontrolled Manifold Analysis of the Effects of Different Fatigue Locations on Kinematic Coordination During a Repetitive Upper-Limb Task Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-10 Matthew Slopecki, Fariba Hasanbarani, Chen Yang, Christopher A. Bailey, Julie N. Côté
Fatigue at individual joints is known to affect interjoint coordination during repetitive multijoint tasks. However, how these coordination adjustments affect overall task stability is unknown. Twelve participants completed a repetitive pointing task at rest and after fatigue of the shoulder, elbow, and trunk. Upper-limb and trunk kinematics were collected. Uncontrolled manifold framework was applied
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Functional Performance, Leg Muscle Strength, and Core Muscle Endurance in Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Mild Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Cagla Ozkul, Kader Eldemir, Sefa Eldemir, Muhammed Seref Yildirim, Fettah Saygili, Arzu Guclu-Gunduz, Ceyla Irkec
This study aimed to investigate the relationship of sit-to-stand and walking performance with leg muscle strength and core muscle endurance in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with mild disabilities. In this study, 49 PwMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score = 1.59 ± 0.79) and 26 healthy controls were enrolled. The functional performances, including sit-to-stand and walking performances, were
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Between a Walk and a Hard Place: How Stepping Patterns Change While Navigating Environmental Obstacles Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Ashwini Kulkarni, Chuyi Cui, Shirley Rietdyk, Satyajit Ambike
Maintaining a consistent relationship between each footfall and the body’s motion is a key mechanism to maintain balance while walking. However, environmental features, for example, puddles/obstacles, impose additional constraints on foot placement. This study investigated how healthy young individuals alter foot placements to simultaneously manage body-centric and environmental constraints during
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The Dawn of the Study of Motor Timing: Wilhelm Camerer (1866) and Karl von Vierordt (1868) on the Time Course of Voluntary Movements Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-25 John H. Wearden
This article discusses material from the doctoral thesis of Wilhlem Camerer, which was devoted to the topic of the timing of voluntary movements, and appeared in 1866, thus being one of the earliest studies of any aspect of time perception. It was conducted under the supervision of Karl von Vierordt, at the University of Tübingen in Germany. The data reported come from Camerer’s attempts to make a
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Response Time Modulates the Relationship Between Implicit Learning and Motor Ability in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Study Mot. Control (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2022-08-25 Jin Bo, Bo Shen, Liangsan Dong, YanLi Pang, Yu Xing, Mingting Zhang, Yuan Xiang, Patricia C. Lasutschinkow, Dan Li
Difficulty with implicit learning plays an important role in the symptomology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, findings in motor learning are inconsistent. This study evaluated implicit sequence learning and its relationship with motor ability in children with and without ASD. We adopted a classic serial reaction time task with a retention task and three awareness tests. The Movement Assessment