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Effectiveness of Intervention Strategies to Increase Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Time in Secondary School Settings, Including Factors Related to Implementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Ana María Contardo Ayala, Kate Parker, Emiliano Mazzoli, Natalie Lander, Nicola D. Ridgers, Anna Timperio, David R. Lubans, Gavin Abbott, Harriet Koorts, Jo Salmon
Globally, just one in five adolescents meet physical activity guidelines and three-quarters of the school day is spent sitting. It is unclear which types of school-based interventions strategies increase physical activity and reduce sedentary time among adolescents, or how these interventions are implemented influences their effectiveness. The three aims of our systematic review were to (a) identify
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Athlete Mental Health and Wellbeing During the Transition into Elite Sport: Strategies to Prepare the System Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Vita Pilkington, Simon Rice, Lisa Olive, Courtney Walton, Rosemary Purcell
The transition into elite-level sport can expose young athletes to risk factors for mental ill-health, including increased performance expectations, stressors associated with becoming increasingly public figures, and changes in lifestyle demands, such as diet, training loads and sleep. Successful integration into elite-level sport requires athletes to quickly adapt to these newfound challenges and
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Low Ankle-GO Score While Returning to Sport After Lateral Ankle Sprain Leads to a 9-fold Increased Risk of Recurrence: A Two-year Prospective Cohort Study Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Brice Picot, François Fourchet, Ronny Lopes, Gauthier Rauline, Kinan Freiha, Pieter D’hooghe, Eugénie Valentin, Alexandre Hardy
Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is the most common sports injury, leading to a high rate of recurrence and the development of chronic ankle instability. One possible explanation is the lack of objective, evidence-based criteria to inform return to sport decisions following LAS. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the efficacy of a new functional score to distinguish patients at risk of recurrent
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Association Between Total Genotype Score and Muscle Injuries in Top-Level Football Players: a Pilot Study Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Myosotis Massidda, Laura Flore, Paolo Cugia, Francesco Piras, Marco Scorcu, Naoki Kikuchi, Pawel Cięszczyk, Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo, Filippo Tocco, Carla Maria Calò
Recently, genetic predisposition to injury has become a popular area of research and the association between a few single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the susceptibility to develop musculoskeletal injuries has been shown. This pilot study aimed to investigate the combined effect of common gene polymorphisms previously associated with muscle injuries in Italian soccer players. A total of 64 Italian
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Effects of Passive or Active Recovery Regimes Applied During Long-Term Interval Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Trained and Untrained Individuals: A Systematic Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Hassane Zouhal, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman, Ayyappan Jayavel, Anthony C. Hackney, Ismail Laher, Ayoub Saeidi, Fatma Rhibi, Urs Granacher
Intermittent exercise programs characterized through intensive exercise bouts alternated with passive or active recovery (i.e., interval training), have been proven to enhance measures of cardiorespiratory fitness. However, it is unresolved which recovery type (active or passive) applied during interval training results in larger performance improvements. This systematic review aimed to summarize recent
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Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns on Body Mass Index of Primary School Children from Different Socioeconomic Backgrounds Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ludwig Piesch, Robert Stojan, Jochen Zinner, Dirk Büsch, Katharina Utesch, Till Utesch
Childhood obesity is associated with various health outcomes. Restrictive measures to contain the spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, like lockdowns and school closures, affected children’s daily structure, physical activity, dietary habits, and sleep quality, possibly exacerbating risk factors for childhood obesity and higher body mass index (BMI) in children. Poor socioeconomic
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Knee Biomechanics During Neurocognitively Challenged Drop Landings in Male Elite Soccer Players with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Ghazal Mohammad Gholipour Aghdam, Mohammad Hossein Alizadeh, Hooman Minoonejad, Elham Shirzad, Jan Wilke
Reactive decision-making during athletic movement has been demonstrated to evoke unfavorable biomechanics associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. However, the current evidence is based on assessments of healthy individuals. We aimed to investigate unplanned jump landing kinetics and knee kinematics in ACL-reconstructed (ACLR) and non-injured athletes. A total of 30 male professional
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How Cool is That? The Effects of Menthol Mouth Rinsing on Exercise Capacity and Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Erica H. Gavel, Gabriel Barreto, Kierstyn V. Hawke, Trent Stellingwerff, Lewis J. James, Bryan Saunders, Heather M. Logan-Sprenger
Menthol (MEN) mouth rinsing (MR) has gained considerable interest in the athletic population for exercise performance; however, the overall magnitude of effect is unknown. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of menthol MEN MR and the impact it has on exercise capacity and performance. Three databases were searched with articles screened according to the
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The Effects of a Carbohydrate Hydrogel System for the Delivery of Bicarbonate Mini-Tablets on Acid–Base Buffering and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Resting Well-trained Male Cyclists Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Lewis A. Gough, S. Andy Sparks
A new commercially available sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplement claims to limit gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort and increase extracellular buffering capacity. To date, no available data exists to substantiate such claims. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure blood acid–base balance and GI discomfort responses following the ingestion of SB using the novel “Bicarb System” (M-SB). Twelve well-trained
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The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Joshua Frost, Courtney C. Walton, Rosemary Purcell, Krista Fisher, Kate Gwyther, Michael Kocherginsky, Simon M. Rice
Elite-level coaches are exposed to multiple performance, organisational and personal stressors which may contribute to reduced mental health and wellbeing. This systematic scoping review examined the current body of evidence to explore what is known about the mental health of elite-level coaches (i.e. wellbeing and mental ill-health), the risk and protective factors that influence coach mental health
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The Effects of Stretching Exercise on Levels of Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Ewan Thomas, Salvatore Ficarra, Masatoshi Nakamura, Patrik Drid, Tatjana Trivic, Antonino Bianco
Physical activity plays an important role in the management of blood glucose levels. However, compelling evidence exists only for aerobic and resistance training. In this review, we aimed to identify the potential effects of stretching exercises on blood glucose levels. A systematic literature search was performed using the following databases: Scopus, NLM PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies regarding
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Does Advanced Footwear Technology Improve Track and Road Racing Performance? An Explorative Analysis Based on the 100 Best Yearly Performances in the World Between 2010 and 2022 Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Steffen Willwacher, Patrick Mai, Janina Helwig, Markus Hipper, Burkay Utku, Johanna Robbin
Advanced footwear technology (AFT) is currently being debated in sports. There is a direct evidence that distance running in AFT improves running economy. In addition, there is indirect evidence from competition performance for improved running performance from using AFTs in middle- and long-distance running and sprinting events. However, the extent to which world-class performance is affected across
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Prognostic Relevance of Ischemic Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Apparently Healthy Endurance Athletes: A Follow-up Study Over 5 years Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Gunnar K. Lund, Sharon Leptin, Haissam Ragab, Martin R. Sinn, Alexander Fierenz, Ersin Cavus, Kai Muellerleile, Hang Chen, Jennifer Erley, Phillip Harms, Anna Kisters, Jitka Starekova, Gerhard Adam, Enver Tahir
In many cardiac diseases, myocardial scar tissue detected by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is a risk factor for cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Previous studies in athletes reported an increased risk for cardiac events in this group of ostensibly healthy subjects. However, the currently available longitudinal studies on this topic included fairly old marathon runners with a mean age
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The Use of Biofluid Markers to Evaluate the Consequences of Sport-Related Subconcussive Head Impact Exposure: A Scoping Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Liivia-Mari Lember, Michail Ntikas, Stefania Mondello, Lindsay Wilson, Thomas G. Di Virgilio, Angus M. Hunter, Firas Kobeissy, Yehia Mechref, David I. Donaldson, Magdalena Ietswaart
Amidst growing concern about the safety of sport-related repetitive subconcussive head impacts (RSHI), biofluid markers may provide sensitive, informative, and practical assessment of the effects of RSHI exposure. This scoping review aimed to systematically examine the extent, nature, and quality of available evidence from studies investigating the effects of RSHI on biofluid markers, to identify gaps
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Complement System Deficiencies in Elite Athletes Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Libor Vítek, Jana Woronyczova, Veronika Hanzikova, Helena Posová
Although regular physical activity improves immune competency and reduces the prevalence of inflammatory diseases, strenuous training in elite athletes is associated with an increased susceptibility to infectious complications. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the routinely examined parameters of the complement system in elite athletes. The study was carried out in a cohort of elite
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The Connection Between Resistance Training, Climbing Performance, and Injury Prevention Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Atle Hole Saeterbakken, Nicolay Stien, Helene Pedersen, Kaja Langer, Suzanne Scott, Michail Lubomirov Michailov, Gudmund Gronhaug, Jiří Baláš, Tom Erik Jorung Solstad, Vidar Andersen
Climbing is an intricate sport composed of various disciplines, holds, styles, distances between holds, and levels of difficulty. In highly skilled climbers the potential for further strength-specific adaptations to increase performance may be marginal in elite climbers. With an eye on the upcoming 2024 Paris Olympics, more climbers are trying to maximize performance and improve training strategies
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Wearable Devices to Improve Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Behaviour: An Umbrella Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-14 Jessica Longhini, Chiara Marzaro, Silvia Bargeri, Alvisa Palese, Andrea Dell’Isola, Andrea Turolla, Paolo Pillastrini, Simone Battista, Greta Castellini, Chad Cook, Silvia Gianola, Giacomo Rossettini
Several systematic reviews (SRs), with and without meta-analyses, have investigated the use of wearable devices to improve physical activity, and there is a need for frequent and updated syntheses on the topic. We aimed to evaluate whether using wearable devices increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour in adults. We conducted an umbrella review searching PubMed, Cumulative Index
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Peak Week Carbohydrate Manipulation Practices in Physique Athletes: A Narrative Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Kai A. Homer, Matt R. Cross, Eric R. Helms
Physique athletes are ranked by a panel of judges against the judging criteria of the corresponding division. To enhance on-stage presentation and performance, competitors in certain categories (i.e. bodybuilding and classic physique) achieve extreme muscle size and definition aided by implementing acute “peaking protocols” in the days before competition. Such practices can involve manipulating nutrition
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No Association Between Hamstrings-to-Quadriceps Strength Ratio and Second ACL Injuries After Accounting for Prognostic Factors: A Cohort Study of 574 Patients After ACL-Reconstruction Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Johan Högberg, Ramana Piussi, Mathias Wernbom, Francesco Della Villa, Rebecca Simonsson, Kristian Samuelsson, Roland Thomeé, Eric Hamrin Hamrin Senorski
The stress on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) induced by the quadriceps can be attenuated by activation of the hamstrings by exerting an opposing torque to the anterior translation of tibia. Consequently, considering the ratio between strength of the hamstrings-to-quadriceps (HQ-ratio) may be of value to reduce the odds of second ACL injuries. The objective was therefore to evaluate (1) the association
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Individual In-Situ GPS-Derived Acceleration-Speed Profiling: Toward Automatization and Refinement in Male Professional Rugby Union Players Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Nathan Miguens, Franck Brocherie, Loïc Moulié, Patrick Milhet, Mathieu Bon, Pierre Lassus, Jean-François Toussaint, Adrien Sedeaud
Recently a proof-of-concept was proposed to derive the soccer players’ individual in-situ acceleration-speed (AS) profile from global positioning system (GPS) data collected over several sessions and games. The present study aimed to propose an automatized method of individual GPS-derived in-situ AS profiling in a professional rugby union setting. AS profiles of forty-nine male professional rugby union
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Interaction of Biomechanical, Anthropometric, and Demographic Factors Associated with Patellofemoral Pain in Rearfoot Strike Runners: A Classification and Regression Tree Approach Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 José Roberto de Souza Júnior, Logan Walter Gaudette, Caleb D. Johnson, João Paulo Chieregato Matheus, Thiago Vilela Lemos, Irene S. Davis, Adam S. Tenforde
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is among the most common injuries in runners. While multiple risk factors for patellofemoral pain have been investigated, the interactions of variables contributing to this condition have not been explored. This study aimed to classify runners with patellofemoral pain using a combination of factors including biomechanical, anthropometric, and demographic factors through a
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Multidimensional and Longitudinal Approaches in Talent Identification and Development in Racket Sports: A Systematic Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Sebastiaan B. Nijenhuis, Till Koopmann, Jesper Mulder, Marije T. Elferink-Gemser, Irene R. Faber
Better methods to support talent identification and development processes may contribute to more effective and efficient athlete development programs in racket sports. Both researchers and practitioners recommend multidimensional and longitudinal approaches to better understand the nature of talent (development). However, the added value of these ‘innovative’ approaches has not yet been clarified for
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Neural Correlates of Balance Skill Learning in Young and Older Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Lisanne B. M. Bakker, Claudine J. C. Lamoth, Tomas Vetrovsky, Markus Gruber, Simone R. Caljouw, Ward Nieboer, Wolfgang Taube, Jaap H. van Dieën, Urs Granacher, Tibor Hortobágyi
Despite the increasing number of research studies examining the effects of age on the control of posture, the number of annual fall-related injuries and deaths continues to increase. A better understanding of how old age affects the neural mechanisms of postural control and how countermeasures such as balance training could improve the neural control of posture to reduce falls in older individuals
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Restoring Knee Flexor Strength Symmetry Requires 2 Years After ACL Reconstruction, But Does It Matter for Second ACL Injuries? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Johan Högberg, Ramana Piussi, Johan Lövgren, Mathias Wernbom, Rebecca Simonsson, Kristian Samuelsson, Eric Hamrin Senorski
It is unknown whether knee flexor strength recovers after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a hamstring tendon (HT) autograft and whether persistent knee flexor strength asymmetry is associated to a second ACL injury. We aimed to systematically review (1) whether knee flexor strength recovers after ACL reconstruction with HT autografts, and (2) whether it influences the association
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Physical Activity Participation Decreases the Risk of Depression in Older Adults: The ATHLOS Population-Based Cohort Study Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Rodrigo A. Lima, Elena Condominas, Albert Sanchez-Niubo, Beatriz Olaya, Ai Koyanagi, Carlota de Miquel, Josep Maria Haro
To which extent physical activity is associated with depression independent of older adults’ physical and cognitive functioning is largely unknown. This cohort study using harmonised data by the EU Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies consortium, including over 20 countries, to evaluate the longitudinal association of physical activity (light-to-moderate or vigorous
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Eccentric Muscle Actions Add Complexity to an Already Inconsistent Resistance Exercise Nomenclature Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 James L. Nuzzo, Kazunori Nosaka
An eccentric muscle action (or contraction) is defined as active muscle lengthening against resistance, which occurs when the force generated by the muscle is smaller than the resistance placed upon it. Eccentric resistance exercise, which involves multiple sessions of repeated eccentric muscle actions, improves muscle strength and other health outcomes. In response to this evidence, new exercise technologies
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A Comparison of Neuropathic Pain Experiences Among Paralympic Versus Recreational Athletes with Spinal Cord Injury Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Kendra R. Todd, Kenedy Olsen, Gail Hamamoto, Trevor J. Hirschfield, John L. K. Kramer, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) report high levels of neuropathic pain. Current treatment options are primarily pharmaceutical, despite their limited effectiveness. Exercise may reduce neuropathic pain among persons with SCI; however, the optimal dose of exercise required to elicit analgesic effects remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare neuropathic pain intensity, pain
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The Impact of Excessive Body Weight and Foot Pronation on Running Kinetics: A Cross-Sectional Study Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Amir Ali Jafarnezhadgero, Azin Jahangirpour, Hamed Parsa, Heidar Sajedi, Urs Granacher, Anderson Souza Oliveira
Running exercise is an effective means to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition. Besides these health benefits, running is also associated with musculoskeletal injuries that can be more prevalent in individuals with excessive body weight. Little is known regarding the specific effects of overweight and foot pronation on ground reaction force distribution during running. Therefore,
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Role of Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza: A Review Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Maolin You
Many concerns regarding respiratory diseases, including influenza, emerged during the epidemic of COVID-19. There were relevant research findings and suggestions for influenza prevention and treatment through physical activity, but little report about the total efficiency. So, this review was to summarize the role of physical activity in influenza prevention and treatment. The databases Web of Science
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Preferred Reporting Items for Resistance Exercise Studies (PRIRES): A Checklist Developed Using an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ting-Yu Lin, Ting-Yu Chueh, Tsung-Min Hung
The issues of replication and scientific transparency have been raised in exercise and sports science research. A potential means to address the replication crisis and enhance research reliability is to improve reporting quality and transparency. This study aims to formulate a reporting checklist as a supplement to the existing reporting guidelines, specifically for resistance exercise studies. PubMed
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Age-Markers on the Red Blood Cell Surface and Erythrocyte Microparticles may Constitute a Multi-parametric Strategy for Detection of Autologous Blood Transfusion Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Giorgia M. Biasini, Francesco Botrè, Xavier de la Torre, Francesco Donati
Autologous blood transfusion is one of the illicit strategies, banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, to increase the levels of hemoglobin, with a consequent improvement in the delivery of oxygen to tissues. At present, this practice is detectable exclusively by the individual, longitudinal monitoring of hematological biomarkers, as in the hematological module of the Athlete Biological Passport; but
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Assessing the Prevalence of Doping Among Elite Athletes: An Analysis of Results Generated by the Single Sample Count Method Versus the Unrelated Question Method Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Rolf Ulrich, Léa Cléret, R. Dawn Comstock, Gen Kanayama, Perikles Simon, Harrison G. Pope
In 2011, a group of researchers investigated the 12-month prevalence of doping at the 13th International Association of Athletics Federations World Championships in Athletics (WCA) in Daegu, South Korea, and also at the 12th Pan-Arab Games (PAG) in Doha, Qatar. The prevalence of doping at each event was estimated using an established randomized response method, the Unrelated Question Model (UQM). The
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Authors’ Reply to Julian Alcazar et al.: “Exploring the Low Force-High Velocity Domain of the Force–Velocity Relationship in Acyclic Lower-Limb Extensions” Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Jean Romain Rivière, Jean‑Benoît Morin, Maximilien Bowen, Matt R. Cross, Laurent A. Messonnier, Pierre Samozino
We appreciate the interest in our article addressing the modeling of the force–velocity relationship in acyclic lower-limb extensions. While we agree with some of the recommendations made, our main disagreement with Alcazar et al. [1] rests on their alternative interpretation of our data, partly due to contrasting philosophies about model selection. Although model selection is a fundamental aspect
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Comment on: Exploring the Low Force-High Velocity Domain of the Force–Velocity Relationship in Acyclic Lower-Limb Extensions Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Julian Alcazar, Fernando Pareja-Blanco, Ignacio Ara, Luis M. Alegre
To the Editor, We read with great interest the recent study by Riviere et al. [1] on the force–velocity (F–V) relationship observed in acyclic lower-limb extensions. To give the reader a context, our research group has previously shown that the F–V relationship follows a nonlinear pattern, consisting of a linear portion at moderate-high forces/moderate-low velocities (above ~ 45% of estimated maximum
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Coaches’ Perceptions of Common Planning Concepts Within Training Theory: An International Survey Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Kechi Anyadike-Danes, Lars Donath, John Kiely
The planning of training is a popular yet controversial topic among coaches and sports scientists. Periodisation is often presented in the literature as the most efficacious approach to planning training. While historically surveys of coaches appeared to support this a key failing was that no unified definition of periodisation exists. Recent surveys offering a periodisation definition and an alternative
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Characterizing Immersion Pulmonary Edema (IPE): A Comparative Study of Military and Recreational Divers Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Dorian Wolff, Olivier Castagna, Jean Morin, Henri Lehot, Romain Roffi, Arnaud Druelle, Jean-Éric Blatteau
Immersion Pulmonary Edema (IPE) is a common and potentially serious diving accident that can have significant respiratory and cardiac consequences and, in some cases, be fatal. Our objective was to characterize cases of IPE among military trainees and recreational divers and to associate their occurrence with exposure and individual background factors such as age and comorbidity. We conducted a retrospective
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Acute Effects of Various Stretching Techniques on Range of Motion: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 David George Behm, Shahab Alizadeh, Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar, Andrew Graham, Ali Zahiri, Reza Goudini, Chris Edwards, Robyn Culleton, Carina Scharf, Andreas Konrad
Although stretching can acutely increase joint range of motion (ROM), there are a variety of factors which could influence the extent of stretch-induced flexibility such as participant characteristics, stretching intensities, durations, type (technique), and muscle or joint tested. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the acute effects of stretching on ROM including
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What Tests are Used to Assess the Physical Qualities of Male, Adolescent Rugby League Players? A Systematic Review of Testing Protocols and Reported Data Across Adolescent Age Groups Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Michael A. Carron, Aaron T. Scanlan, Cody J. Power, Thomas M. Doering
Understanding the physical qualities of male, adolescent rugby league players across age groups is essential for practitioners to manage long-term player development. However, there are many testing options available to assess these qualities, and differences in tests and testing protocols can profoundly influence the data obtained. The aims of this systematic review were to: (1) identify the most
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Are We Jumping to the Wrong Conclusions? Longer Jumps and More Hops in Female Football Players Who Went on to Sustain a Primary or Secondary ACL Injury Compared to Those Who Did Not Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Anne Fältström, Joanna Kvist, Martin Hägglund
Different functional performance tests are used to assess patients in the clinic and before return to sport (RTS), where the rehabilitation goal is to reach good strength and jumping ability. A limb symmetry index of ≥ 90% is a common target in rehabilitation before RTS. The aim of this short communication is to use data from our 2-year prospective cohort study on female football players, either with
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Comparative Study of the Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Nutritional Practices Among International Elite and Sub-Elite Athletes: A Sample of 1420 Participants from 14 Countries Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Morteza Taheri, Helmi Ben Saad, Jad Adrian Washif, Luis Felipe Reynoso-Sánchez, Masoud Mirmoezzi, Leila Youzbashi, Khaled Trabelsi, Mozhgan Moshtagh, Hussein Muñoz-Helú, Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Ali Seghatoleslami, Farnaz Torabi, Yusuf Soylu, Cem Kurt, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Shabnam Delkash, Marjan Sadat Rezaei, Mahdi Ashouri, Shazia Tahira, Mansour Sayyah, Hamdi Chtourou, Ismail Dergaa, Jana
Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has had negative impacts on mental health and eating behaviors among the general population and athletes, few studies have examined the long-term effects on elite and sub-elite athletes. The present study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of COVID-19 lockdown on mental health and eating behaviors in elite
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Effects of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides in Combination with Concurrent Training on Running Performance and Indicators of Endurance Capacity in Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Simon Jerger, Patrick Jendricke, Christoph Centner, Kevin Bischof, Jan Kohl, Simon Keller, Albert Gollhofer, Daniel König
First evidence indicates that the supplementation of specific collagen peptides (SCP) is associated with a significant improvement in running performance in physically active women; however, it is unclear if the same is true in males. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a concurrent training program including 60 min of continuous moderate intensity running training and
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Effect of Small and Large Energy Surpluses on Strength, Muscle, and Skinfold Thickness in Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Parallel Groups Design Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Eric R. Helms, Alyssa-Joy Spence, Colby Sousa, James Kreiger, Steve Taylor, Dustin J. Oranchuk, Brad P. Dieter, Casey M. Watkins
Many perform resistance training (RT) to increase muscle mass and strength. Energy surpluses are advised to support such gains; however, if too large, could cause unnecessary fat gain. We randomized 21 trained lifters performing RT 3 d/wk for eight weeks into maintenance energy (MAIN), moderate (5% [MOD]), and high (15% [HIGH]) energy surplus groups to determine if skinfold thicknesses (ST), squat
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Associations Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity Level and Peripheral Immune Cell Populations in the US General Population, Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 1999–2018 Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Dan Lin, Cheryl L. Thompson, Djibril M. Ba, Joshua E. Muscat, Shouhao Zhou, Connie J. Rogers, Kathleen M. Sturgeon
Chronic levels of inflammation are associated with higher risk of many chronic diseases. Physical activity (PA) lowers the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and others. One mechanism for PA-induced protection may be through the immune system. We investigated the association between leisure-time PA and peripheral immune cell populations in a large nationally representative sample
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Developing Decision-Making Expertise in Professional Sports Staff: What We Can Learn from the Good Judgement Project Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 P. J. Wilson, John Kiely
Success within performance sports is heavily dependent upon the quality of the decisions taken by educated and experienced staff. Multi-disciplinary teams (MDTs) typically collate voluminous data, and staff typically undergo extensive and rigorous technical and domain-specific training. Although sports professionals operate in sometimes volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous decision-making environments
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Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children from 4 to 9 Years of Age Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Christine Delisle Nyström, Jairo H. Migueles, Pontus Henriksson, Marie Löf
Physical activity guidelines for children encourage moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities (MVPA); however, some studies have found that only vigorous intensity activities (VPA) might promote health benefits in young children. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations of VPA and MVPA with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood
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Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Power Training on Neuromuscular Parameters in Older People: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Marcelo Bandeira-Guimarães, Eduarda Blanco-Rambo, Alexandra Ferreira Vieira, Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu, Ronei S. Pinto, Mikel Izquierdo, Eduardo Lusa Cadore
Power training (PT) has been shown to be an effective method for improving muscle function, including maximal strength, measured by one-repetition maximum (1RM), and power output in older adults. However, it is not clear how PT intensity, expressed as a percentage of 1RM, affects the magnitude of these changes. The aim of this systematic review (International prospective register of systematic rev
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Menstrual Cycle Associated Alteration of Vastus Lateralis Motor Unit Function Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Jessica Piasecki, Yuxiao Guo, Eleanor J. Jones, Bethan E. Phillips, Daniel W. Stashuk, Philip J. Atherton, Mathew Piasecki
Estrogen and progesterone are the primary female sex hormones and have net excitatory and inhibitory effects, respectively, on neuronal function. Fluctuating concentrations across the menstrual cycle has led to several lines of research in relation to neuromuscular function and performance; however evidence from animal and cell culture models has yet to be demonstrated in human motor units coupled
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Is There Just One Type of Multisport Pathway? A Scoping Review of Multisport Engagement in Early Athlete Development Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Gillian Ramsay, Alexandra Mosher, Joseph Baker
Multisport engagement is positioned as the antithesis to specialization within youth development pathways. However, different terms are used to describe the multisport pathway, which may create confusion regarding what the pathway should look like. This review investigated all published research examining the multisport pathway, with a focus on terminology, and how different terms have led to varying
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Risk Factors for Concussion in Under 18, Under 22 and Professional Men's Rugby Union: A Video Analysis of 14,809 Tackles Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-14 Takayuki Kawasaki, Yuta Kawakami, Shuko Nojiri, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Manabu Kuroki, Shogo Sobue, Kenta Shibuya, Yuji Takazawa, Muneaki Ishijima
This study aimed to identify the risk factors for tackle-related concussion observed in matches involving under (U) 18, U 22 and professional men’s Rugby Union players through video analysis. Descriptive epidemiology study. Twenty Rugby Union matches each for high school (U18), university/college (U22) and professional (Elite) were randomly selected from 202 matches in the 2018/2019 season. Both one-on-one
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Why Humble Farmers May in Fact Grow Bigger Potatoes: A Call for Street-Smart Decision-Making in Sport Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-14 Anne Hecksteden, Niklas Keller, Guangze Zhang, Tim Meyer, Thomas Hauser
The main task of applied sport science is to inform decision-making in sports practice, that is, enabling practitioners to compare the expectable outcomes of different options (e.g. training programs). The “evidence” provided may range from group averages to multivariable prediction models. By contrast, many decisions are still largely based on the subjective, experience-based judgement of athletes
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Effects of Upper-Body Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Youth and Young Adult Participants: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Exal Garcia-Carrillo, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Rohit K. Thapa, José Afonso, Urs Granacher, Mikel Izquierdo
Upper-body plyometric training (UBPT) is a commonly used training method, yet its effects on physical fitness are inconsistent and there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the topic. To examine the effects of UBPT on physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult participants compared to active, specific-active, and passive controls. This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and
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Behind the Curtain: Prevalence of Symptoms of Depression, Generalised Anxiety and Eating Disorders in 147 Professional Dancers from Six Opera Houses or State Theatres Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-30 Astrid Junge, Anja Hauschild
Mental health problems cover a wide spectrum. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most frequent mental health problem in the general population and in elite athletes. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression, generalised anxiety disorder and eating disorders in professional dancers, to compare the results between genders and to the general population
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Effect of Eccentric Exercise on Metabolic Health in Diabetes and Obesity Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Gergő Szűcs, Márton Pipicz, Márton Richárd Szabó, Tamás Csont, László Török, Csaba Csonka
There is a growing body of evidence showing the importance of physical activity against civilization-induced metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity. Eccentric contraction, when skeletal muscles generate force by lengthening, is a unique type of skeletal muscle activity. Eccentric contraction may lead to better power production characteristics of the muscle because eccentric
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Effect of Tai Chi on Young Adults with Subthreshold Depression via a Stress–Reward Complex: A Randomized Controlled Trial Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Jingsong Wu, Jian Song, Youze He, Zhaoying Li, Haiyin Deng, Zhenming Huang, Xiaoting Xie, Nichol M. L. Wong, Jing Tao, Tatia M. C. Lee, Chetwyn C. H. Chan
Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder in young adults. Mind–body exercises, such as Tai Chi, have been adopted as interventions for clinical depressive symptoms. However, the possible effect and underlying mechanism of Tai Chi on subthreshold depression of young individuals remain unclear. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi training and tested
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Effect of Hypoxia Conditioning on Body Composition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Zhijian He, Lijun Qiang, Yusheng Liu, Wenfeng Gao, Tao Feng, Yang Li, Bing Yan, Olivier Girard
The effects of hypoxia conditioning, which involves recurrent exposure to hypoxia combined with exercise training, on improving body composition in the ageing population have not been extensively investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to determine if hypoxia conditioning, compared to similar training near sea level, maximizes body composition benefits in middle-aged and older adults. A literature search
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Comparing the Performance Gap Between Males and Females in the Older Age Groups in IRONMAN® 70.3: An Internet-Based Cross-Sectional Study of More Than 800,000 Race Records Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Beat Knechtle, David Valero, Elias Villiger, Mabliny Thuany, Marilia Santos Andrade, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Ivan Cuk, Katja Weiss
The sex difference in the three split disciplines (swimming, cycling, and running) and overall race times in triathlon races has mainly been investigated for the Olympic distance and IRONMAN® triathlon formats, but not for the half IRONMAN® distance, i.e., the IRONMAN® 70.3. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex differences in IRONMAN® 70.3 by age group in 5-year intervals for the
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Integrating Deloading into Strength and Physique Sports Training Programmes: An International Delphi Consensus Approach Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Lee Bell, Ben William Strafford, Max Coleman, Patroklos Androulakis Korakakis, David Nolan
Deloading is a ubiquitous yet under-researched strategy within strength and physique training. How deloading should be integrated into the training programme to elicit optimal training outcomes is unknown. To aid its potential integration, this study established consensus around design principles for integrating deloading in strength and physique training programmes using expert opinion and practical
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Cluster Sets to Prescribe Interval Resistance Training: A Potential Method to Optimise Resistance Training Safety, Feasibility and Efficacy in Cardiac Patients Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Kimberley L. Way, Hannah J. Thomas, Lewan Parker, Andrew Maiorana, Michelle A. Keske, David Scott, Jennifer L. Reed, Jessica Tieng, Daniel Hackett, Tess Hawkins, Christopher Latella, Rachael Cordina, Derek L. Tran
The integration of resistance training for cardiac patients leads to important health outcomes that are not optimally obtained with aerobic exercise; these include an increase in muscle mass, maintenance of bone mineral density, and improvements in muscular fitness parameters. Despite the proliferation of evidence supporting resistance exercise in recent decades, the implementation of resistance training
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P1NP and β-CTX-1 Responses to a Prolonged, Continuous Running Bout in Young Healthy Adult Males: A Systematic Review with Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Rita Civil, Eimear Dolan, Paul A. Swinton, Lívia Santos, Ian Varley, Philip J. Atherton, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Craig Sale
Circulating biomarkers of bone formation and resorption are widely used in exercise metabolism research, but their responses to exercise are not clear. This study aimed to quantify group responses and inter-individual variability of P1NP and β-CTX-1 after prolonged, continuous running (60–120 min at 65–75% V̇O2max) in young healthy adult males using individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.
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Limited Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Exercise Training Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Sports Med. - Open (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Austin C. Hogwood, Kara C. Anderson, Joaquin Ortiz de Zevallos, Craig Paterson, Arthur Weltman, Jason D. Allen
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation is purported to benefit short-term exercise performance, but it is unclear whether NO3− improves longer-term exercise training responses (such as improvements in VO2peak or time to exhaustion (TTE)) versus exercise training alone. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effects of NO3− supplementation combined with exercise