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Pharmacokinetic Profile of Caffeine and Its Two Main Metabolites in Dried Blood Spots After Five Different Oral Caffeine Administration Forms—A Randomized Crossover Study Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Chiara Tuma, Andreas Thomas, Lasse Trede, Hans Braun, Mario Thevis
Caffeine is an ergogenic substance that is consumed globally in many forms. The use of buccally absorbable formulations instead of gastrointestinal uptake has become increasingly popular over the years, especially when accelerated absorption with minimal gastrointestinal stress is desired. This study investigated the impact of five different formulations and administration routes of caffeine on the
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Sex Differences in Hydration Biomarkers and Test–Retest Reliability Following Passive Dehydration Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Colin S. Doherty, Lauren V. Fortington, Oliver R. Barley
This study investigated (a) differences between males and females for changes in serum, tear, and urine osmolality, hematocrit, and urine specific gravity following acute passive dehydration and (b) assessed the reliability of these biomarkers separately for each sex. Fifteen males (age: 26.3 ± 3.5 years, body mass: 76 ± 7 kg) and 15 females (age: 28.8 ± 6.4 years, body mass: 63 ± 7 kg) completed a
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Sweat Characteristics and Fluid Balance Responses During Two Heat Training Camps in Elite Female Field Hockey Players Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Paul S.R. Goods, Bradley Wall, Brook Galna, Alannah K.A. McKay, Denise Jennings, Peter Peeling, Greig Watson
We examined the sweat characteristics and fluid balance of elite female field hockey players during two heat training camps. Fourteen elite female field hockey players from the Australian national squad participated in two heat training camps held ∼6 months apart, following winter- (Camp 1) and summer-based training (Camp 2). Daily waking body mass (BM) and urine specific gravity (USG) were collected
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Resistance Exercise Training, a Simple Intervention to Preserve Muscle Mass and Strength in Prostate Cancer Patients on Androgen Deprivation Therapy Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Lisanne H.P. Houben, Milou Beelen, Luc J.C. van Loon, Sandra Beijer
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) forms the cornerstone in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, by suppressing testosterone ADT results in a decrease of skeletal muscle mass. In this narrative review, we explore the magnitude and mechanisms of ADT-induced muscle mass loss and the consequences for muscle strength and physical performance. Subsequently, we elucidate the effectiveness
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Effects of Timing and Types of Protein Supplementation on Improving Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Network Meta-Analysis Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Huan-Huan Zhou, Yuxiao Liao, Xiaolei Zhou, Zhao Peng, Shiyin Xu, Shaojun Shi, Liegang Liu, Liping Hao, Wei Yang
Precise protein supplementation strategies for muscle improvement are still lacking. The timing or type of protein supplementation has been debated as a window of opportunity to improve muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. We conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with protein supplements and resistance training. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus
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Acknowledgments Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-29
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 34 Issue: 1 Pages: 65-65
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Partly Substituting Whey for Collagen Peptide Supplementation Improves Neither Indices of Muscle Damage Nor Recovery of Functional Capacity During Eccentric Exercise Training in Fit Males. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Ruben Robberechts,Chiel Poffé,Noémie Ampe,Stijn Bogaerts,Peter Hespel
Previous studies showed that collagen peptide supplementation along with resistance exercise enhance muscular recovery and function. Yet, the efficacy of collagen peptide supplementation in addition to standard nutritional practices in athletes remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of the study was to compare the effects of combined collagen peptide (20 g) and whey protein (25 g) supplementation
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Guarana (Paullinia cupana) but Not Low-Dose Caffeine Improves Cycling Time-Trial Performance Versus Placebo Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Eduardo M. Penna, Alec Harp, Brian Hack, Tyler N. Talik, Melinda Millard-Stafford
Guarana (GUA) seed extract, containing caffeine (CAF) and additional bioactive compounds, may positively affect mental performance, but evidence regarding exercise is limited. This investigation assessed acute GUA ingestion compared with CAF on endurance performance. Eleven endurance-trained noncyclists and cyclists (V˙O2peak = 49.7 ± 5.9, 60.4 ± 4.6 ml·kg·min−1) completed a double-blind, crossover
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Jumping Exercise Combined With Collagen Supplementation Preserves Bone Mineral Density in Elite Cyclists Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Luuk Hilkens, Nick van Schijndel, Vera C.R. Weijer, Lieselot Decroix, Judith Bons, Luc J.C. van Loon, Jan-Willem van Dijk
This study assessed the effect of combined jump training and collagen supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in elite road-race cyclists. In this open-label, randomized study with two parallel groups, 36 young (21 ± 3 years) male (n = 8) and female (n = 28) elite road-race cyclists were allocated to either an intervention (INT: n = 18) or a no-treatment control (CON: n = 18) group. The 18-week
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Muscle Mass and Strength Gains Following Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults 65–75 Years and Older Adults Above 85 Years Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr, Andrea Alegría-Molina, Yuri SanMartín-Calísto, Macarena Artigas-Arias, Nolberto Huard, Jorge Sapunar, Luis A. Salazar, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J.C. van Loon
Resistance exercise training (RET) can be applied effectively to increase muscle mass and function in older adults (65–75 years). However, it has been speculated that older adults above 85 years are less responsive to the benefits of RET. This study compares the impact of RET on muscle mass and function in healthy older adults 65–75 years versus older adults above 85 years. We subjected 17 healthy
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Assessment of Osteogenic Exercise Efficacy via Bone Turnover Markers in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Horacio Sanchez-Trigo, Wolfgang Kemmler, Gustavo Duque, Borja Sañudo
Assessing bone’s response to physical activity interventions is challenging. This randomized controlled trial investigates if changes in bone turnover markers can offer an early evaluation of a physical activity intervention’s effectiveness in improving bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women. Participants in the intervention group (n = 27, with 24 completing the trial) were instructed to
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The Effect of Exercise Intensity on Carbohydrate Sparing Postexercise: Implications for Postexercise Hypoglycemia Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Raymond J. Davey, Mohamad H. Jaafar, Luis D. Ferreira, Paul A. Fournier
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise intensity on the proportion and rate of carbohydrate oxidation and glucoregulatory hormone responses during recovery from exercise. Six physically active participants completed 1 hr of low-intensity (LI; 50% lactate threshold) or moderate-intensity (MI; 100% lactate threshold) exercise on separate days following a randomized counterbalanced
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Erratum. Effect of Moderate Versus Vigorous Exercise Intensity on Body Composition in Young Untrained Adults: The Activating Brown Adipose Tissue Through Exercise (ACTIBATE) Randomized Controlled Trial Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 6 Pages: 360-360
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Effects of Ketone Monoester and Bicarbonate Co-Ingestion on Cycling Performance in WorldTour Cyclists. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo,Francisco Javier López-Román,Silvia Pérez-Piñero,Raquel Ortolano,María Salud Abellán-Ruiz,Enrique Molina Pérez de Los Cobos,Antonio Jesús Luque-Rubia,Dag Van Elslande,Vicente Ávila-Gandía
The present randomized study investigated the effect of acute supplementation of 800 mg/kg of ketone monoester ingestion (KE) or placebo (PL) and 210 mg/kg of NaHCO3 co-ingestion on cycling performance of WorldTour cyclists during a road cycling stage simulation. Twenty-eight cyclists participated in the study (27.46 ± 4.32 years; 1.80 ± 0.06 m; 69.74 ± 6.36 kg). Performance, physiological, biochemical
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Effect of Moderate Versus Vigorous Exercise Intensity on Body Composition in Young Untrained Adults: The Activating Brown Adipose Tissue Through Exercise (ACTIBATE) Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Francisco J Amaro-Gahete,María Ruiz-Ruiz,Amalia Cano-Nieto,Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado,Juan M A Alcantara,Francisco M Acosta,Idoia Labayen,Francisco B Ortega,Jonatan R Ruiz
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a 24-week aerobic + resistance training programs at moderate versus vigorous intensity on body composition, and the persistence of the changes after a 10-month free-living period, in young untrained adults. This report is based on a secondary analysis from the activating brown adipose tissue through exercise (ACTIBATE) single-center unblinded randomized
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Significant Changes in Resting Metabolic Rate Over a Competitive Match Week Are Accompanied by an Absence of Nutritional Periodization in Male Professional Soccer Players Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Jennie L. Carter, David J. Lee, Craig G. Perrin, Mayur K. Ranchordas, Matthew Cole
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is an important component of total daily energy expenditure; however, it is currently not understood how it varies across a typical competitive match week in professional soccer players. For the first time, we aimed to assess RMR throughout an in-season competitive week in professional soccer players. Additionally, we aimed to assess energy and carbohydrate intake across
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Total Energy Expenditure and Nutritional Intake in Continuous Multiday Ultramarathon Events Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Andrew W. Best, Amanda McGrosky, Zane Swanson, Rebecca Rimbach, Katie McConaughy, Joe McConaughy, Cara Ocobock, Herman Pontzer
Continuous multiday ultramarathon competitions are increasingly popular and impose extreme energetic and nutritional demands on competitors. However, few data have been published on energy expenditure during these events. Here, we report doubly labeled water-derived measures of total energy expenditure (in kilocalories per day) and estimated physical activity level (PAL: total energy expenditure/basal
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The Effects of an Acute Dose of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract on 5-km Running Performance Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-30 Samantha L. Moss, Edward Brindley, Kevin Enright, Jamie Highton, Richard Bott
This study investigated the effects of an acute dose (900 mg) of New Zealand Blackcurrant (NZBC) extract on 5-km running performance, alongside associated physiological and metabolic responses. Sixteen trained male runners (age 26 ± 5 years, stature 173.4 ± 7.3 cm, body mass 73.7 ± 6.9 kg, maximal oxygen consumption [V˙O2max] 55.4 ± 6.1 ml·kg−1·min−1) ingested either capsules containing NZBC extract
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Mouth Rinsing and Ingestion of Unpleasant Salty or Bitter Solutions Does Not Improve Cycling Sprint Performance in Trained Cyclists Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Edward A. Gray, Rocco Cavaleri, Jason C. Siegler
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mouth rinsing and ingesting unpleasant salty or bitter solutions on cycling sprint performance and knee extensor force characteristics. Eleven male and one female trained cyclists (age: 34 ± 9 years, maximal oxygen uptake 56.9 ± 3.9 ml·kg−1·min−1) completed a ramp test and familiarization followed by four experimental trials. In each trial
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The Impact of a Short-Term Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet on Biomarkers of Intestinal Epithelial Integrity and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Alannah K.A. McKay, Alice M. Wallett, Andrew J. McKune, Julien D. Périard, Philo Saunders, Jamie Whitfield, Nicolin Tee, Ida A. Heikura, Megan L.R. Ross, Avish P. Sharma, Ricardo J.S. Costa, Louise M. Burke
Endurance exercise can disturb intestinal epithelial integrity, leading to increased systemic indicators of cell injury, hyperpermeability, and pathogenic translocation. However, the interaction between exercise, diet, and gastrointestinal disturbance still warrants exploration. This study examined whether a 6-day dietary intervention influenced perturbations to intestinal epithelial disruption in
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Erratum. Ergogenic Effects of Very Low to Moderate Doses of Caffeine on Vertical Jump Performance Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-26 International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 304-304
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Ergogenic Effects of Very Low to Moderate Doses of Caffeine on Vertical Jump Performance Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-26 Teppei Matsumura, Yuki Takamura, Kazushi Fukuzawa, Kazuya Nakagawa, Shunya Nonoyama, Keigo Tomoo, Hayato Tsukamoto, Yasushi Shinohara, Motoyuki Iemitsu, Akinori Nagano, Tadao Isaka, Takeshi Hashimoto
Although the ergogenic effects of 3–6 mg/kg caffeine are widely accepted, the efficacy of low doses of caffeine has been discussed. However, it is unclear whether the ergogenic effects of caffeine on jump performance are dose responsive in a wide range of doses. This study aimed to examine the effect of very low (1 mg/kg) to moderate doses of caffeine, including commonly utilized ergogenic doses (i
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Stop, Collaborate, and Listen Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-18 James A. Betts
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 245-246
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Erratum. The Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Response Does Not Differ Following the Ingestion of a Solid Versus a Liquid Milk Protein Product in Healthy Adult Females Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 303-303
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The Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Response Does Not Differ Following the Ingestion of a Solid Versus a Liquid Milk Protein Product in Healthy Adult Females Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 Glenn A.A. van Lieshout, Jorn Trommelen, Jean Nyakayiru, Janneau van Kranenburg, Joan M. Senden, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J.C. van Loon
Dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption rates are modulated by numerous factors such as the food matrix. It has been speculated that protein ingested in liquid form is more rapidly digested and absorbed when compared with ingestion in solid form. Here, we assessed the postprandial plasma amino acid availability following ingestion of a single bolus of protein provided in either liquid or
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Erratum. CYP1A2 Genotype Polymorphism Influences the Effect of Caffeine on Anaerobic Performance in Trained Males Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 5 Pages: 302-302
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Effect of a 24-Week Concurrent Exercise Intervention on Neck Adiposity and Its Distribution in Young Adults: The ACTIBATE Randomized Controlled Trial Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Maria Jose Arias-Tellez, Francisco M. Acosta, Elisa Merchan-Ramirez, Borja Martínez-Téllez, Guillermo-Sánchez Delgado, Jose M. Llamas-Elvira, Jonatan R. Ruiz
Neck adipose tissue (NAT) accumulation and neck circumference are independent predictors of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and low-grade chronic inflammation in young adults. The present study examines whether a 24-week concurrent exercise intervention can reduce NAT volume and neck circumference in young adults, and whether any changes in these variables are related to changes in body composition, CMR
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New Zealand Blackcurrant Increases Postexercise Hypotension Following Sustained Moderate-Intensity Exercise Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Yusen Shan, Matthew David Cook
Previous observations demonstrate New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract to alter cardiovascular responses at rest without prior exercise. However, the prolonged effects of NZBC on blood pressure and heart rate variability following exercise are not known. Participants (n15 [five women], age: 31 ± 9 years, maximal oxygen uptake: 44 ± 9 ml·kg−1·min−1) undertook a control condition of 2 hr of lying
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A Little Pepper-Upper? Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Studies on Capsaicinoids, Capsinoids, and Exercise Performance Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Betül Sukan-Karaçağıl, Gamze Akbulut, Yasemin Açar, Meleknur Demirkoparan
Capsaicinoids and capsinoids are bioactive compounds mostly found in peppers. Although preclinical studies have reported that these compounds can improve exercise performance due to transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1)-mediated thermogenesis, sympathetic modulation, and releasing calcium, it is still unclear how they affect exercise performance in humans as ergogenic supplements
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Co-Ingestion of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Carbohydrate Stimulates Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Following Resistance Exercise in Trained Young Men Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Sarah R. Jackman, Gareth A. Wallis, Jinglei Yu, Andrew Philp, Keith Baar, Kevin D. Tipton, Oliver C. Witard
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and carbohydrate (CHO) are commonly recommended postexercise supplements. However, no study has examined the interaction of CHO and BCAA ingestion on myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates following exercise. We aimed to determine the response of MyoPS to the co-ingestion of BCAA and CHO following an acute bout of resistance exercise. Ten resistance-trained young
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Characterizing Hydration Practices in Healthy Young Recreationally Active Adults—Is There Utility in First Morning Urine Sampling? Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Colleen X. Muñoz, Michael F. Bergeron
First morning urine (FMU) assessment would be a practical and convenient solution for clinically acceptable detection of underhydration prior to competition/training, and for the general public. Thus, we thus sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FMU as a valid indicator of recent (previous 24 hr, 5 days average) hydration practices. For 5 consecutive days and one final morning, 67 healthy
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Amino Acid-Based Beverage Interventions Ameliorate Exercise-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Response to Exertional-Heat Stress: The Heat Exertion Amino Acid Technology (HEAAT) Study Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-24 Ricardo J.S. Costa, Kayla Henningsen, Stephanie K. Gaskell, Rebekah Alcock, Alice Mika, Christopher Rauch, Samuel N. Cheuvront, Phil Blazy, Robert Kenefick
The study aimed to determine the effects of two differing amino acid beverage interventions on biomarkers of intestinal epithelial integrity and systemic inflammation in response to an exertional-heat stress challenge. One week after the initial assessment, participants (n = 20) were randomly allocated to complete two exertional-heat stress trials, with at least 1 week washout. Trials included a water
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Female Athlete Representation and Dietary Control Methods Among Studies Assessing Chronic Carbohydrate Approaches to Support Training Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-09 Megan A. Kuikman, Alannah K.A. McKay, Ella S. Smith, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Rachel Harris, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Trent Stellingwerff, Louise M. Burke
The aim of this audit was to assess the representation of female athletes, dietary control methods, and gold standard female methodology that underpins the current guidelines for chronic carbohydrate (CHO) intake strategies for athlete daily training diets. Using a standardized audit, 281 studies were identified that examined high versus moderate CHO, periodized CHO availability, and/or low CHO, high
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Protocol Standardization May Improve Precision Error of InBody 720 Body Composition Analysis. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Tia Herberts,Gary J Slater,Ava Farley,Luke Hogarth,Jose L Areta,Gøran Paulsen,Ina Garthe
BACKGROUND Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a popular technique which can be used to track longitudinal changes in body composition. However, precision of the technique has been questioned, especially among athletic populations where small but meaningful changes are often observed. Guidelines exist which attempt to optimize precision of the technique but fail to account for potentially important
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Acute Ketone Monoester Supplementation Impairs 20-min Time-Trial Performance in Trained Cyclists: A Randomized, Crossover Trial Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-25 Devin G. McCarthy, Jack Bone, Matthew Fong, Phillippe J.M. Pinckaers, William Bostad, Douglas L. Richards, Luc J.C. van Loon, Martin J. Gibala
Acute ketone monoester (KE) supplementation can alter exercise responses, but the performance effect is unclear. The limited and equivocal data to date are likely related to factors including the KE dose, test conditions, and caliber of athletes studied. We tested the hypothesis that mean power output during a 20-min cycling time trial (TT) would be different after KE ingestion compared to a placebo
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Effects of Changes in Body Fat Mass as a Result of Regular Exercise on Hemoglobin A1c in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-19 Yutaka Igarashi, Nobuhiko Akazawa, Seiji Maeda
An increase in visceral fat is associated with an increase in insulin resistance, so reducing body fat mass through exercise may help alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The current meta-analysis evaluated the effect of changes in body fat via an intervention of regular exercise on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with T2DM. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials involving
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How Skepticism (not Cynicism) Can Raise Scientific Standards and Reform the Health and Wellness Industry Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Nicholas B. Tiller, Stuart M. Phillips
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 3 Pages: 174-178
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Dietary β-Alanine Intake Assessed by Food Records Does Not Associate With Muscle Carnosine Content in Healthy, Active, Omnivorous Men and Women Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Nathalia Saffioti Rezende, Giulia Cazetta Bestetti, Luana Farias de Oliveira, Bruna Caruso Mazzolani, Fabiana Infante Smaira, Alina Dumas, Paul Swinton, Bryan Saunders, Eimear Dolan
β-Alanine (BA) is one of the most widely used sport supplements, due to its capacity to improve high-intensity exercise performance by increasing muscle carnosine (MCarn) content, and consequently, the buffering capacity of the muscle. BA is also available in a variety of animal foods, but little is currently known about the influence of dietary BA intake on MCarn. The aim of the current study was
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Within-Subject Variability and the Influence of Exercise Training History on the Resting Plasma Metabolome in Men Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Ian A.J. Darragh, Lorraine O’Driscoll, Brendan Egan
This study investigated within-subject variability in the circulating metabolome under controlled conditions, and whether divergent exercise training backgrounds were associated with alterations in the circulating metabolome assessed in resting samples. Thirty-seven men comprising of endurance athletes (END; body mass, 71.0 ± 6.8 kg; fat-free mass index, 16.9 ± 1.1 kg/m2), strength athletes (STR; 94
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Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition and Resting Metabolic Rate in Male Professional Flat Jockeys: Preliminary Outcomes and Implications for Future Research Directions Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 George Wilson, Carl Langan-Evans, Dan Martin, Andreas M. Kasper, James P. Morton, Graeme L. Close
Jockeys are unique given that they make weight daily and, therefore, often resort to fasting and dehydration. Through increasing daily food frequency (during energy deficit), we have reported short-term improvements in jockey’s body composition. While these changes were observed over 6–12 weeks with food provided, it is unclear whether such improvements can be maintained over an extended period during
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Reply to G. Escalante and D. St. Mart Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-22 Andrew T. Askow, Nicholas A. Burd
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 3 Pages: 173-173
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Comment on: “Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation, but not Creatyl-L-Leucine Increased Muscle Creatine Content in Healthy Young Adults: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial” Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-22 Guillermo Escalante, Dean St. Mart
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 3 Pages: 169-172
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Chronic Statin Treatment Does Not Impair Exercise Lipolysis or Fat Oxidation in Exercise-Trained Individuals With Obesity and Dyslipidemia Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-21 Laura Alvarez-Jimenez, Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas, Felix Morales-Palomo, Juan F. Ortega, Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez
Objective: To determine whether statin medication in individuals with obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome affects their capacity to mobilize and oxidize fat during exercise. Methods: Twelve individuals with metabolic syndrome pedaled during 75 min at 54 ± 13% V˙O2max (5.7 ± 0.5 metabolic equivalents) while taking statins (STATs) or after 96-hr statin withdrawal (PLAC) in a randomized double-blind
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Abstracts From the 2022 International Sport + Exercise Nutrition Conference Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-01
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: S1 Pages: S1-S17
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Individual Variability Is More Important Than Analytical Methods When Calculating Relative Speed of Beverage Bioavailability Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 Edward M. Balog, Mateo Golloshi, HyunGyu Suh, Melinda Millard-Stafford
Deuterium oxide (D2O) appearance in blood is a marker of fluid bioavailability. However, whether biomarker robustness (e.g., relative fluid delivery speed) is consistent across analytical methods (e.g., cavity ring-down spectroscopy) remains unclear. Fourteen men ingested fluid (6 ml/kg body mass) containing 0.15 g/kg D2O followed by 45 min blood sampling. Plasma (D2O) was detected (n = 8) by the following:
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No Effect of Acute Balenine Supplementation on Maximal and Submaximal Exercise Performance in Recreational Cyclists Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 Sarah de Jager, Stefaan Van Damme, Siegrid De Baere, Siska Croubels, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Eline Lievens, Jan G. Bourgois, Wim Derave
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and its methylated analogues anserine and balenine are highly concentrated endogenous dipeptides in mammalian skeletal muscle that are implicated in exercise performance. Balenine has a much better bioavailability and stability in human circulation upon acute ingestion, compared to carnosine and anserine. Therefore, ergogenic effects observed with acute carnosine and
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Fasted Sprint Interval Training Results in Some Beneficial Skeletal Muscle Metabolic, but Similar Metabolomic and Performance Adaptations Compared With Carbohydrate-Fed Training in Recreationally Active Male Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-26 Tom P. Aird, Andrew J. Farquharson, Kate M. Bermingham, Aifric O’Sullivan, Janice E. Drew, Brian P. Carson
Endurance training in fasted conditions (FAST) induces favorable skeletal muscle metabolic adaptations compared with carbohydrate feeding (CHO), manifesting in improved exercise performance over time. Sprint interval training (SIT) is a potent metabolic stimulus, however nutritional strategies to optimize adaptations to SIT are poorly characterized. Here we investigated the efficacy of FAST versus
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The Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors in Sport: Possible Applications and Considerations Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-26 Amy-Lee M. Bowler, Jamie Whitfield, Lachlan Marshall, Vernon G. Coffey, Louise M. Burke, Gregory R. Cox
This review discusses the potential value of tracking interstitial glucose with continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in athletes, highlighting possible applications and important considerations in the collection and interpretation of interstitial glucose data. CGMs are sensors that provide real time, longitudinal tracking of interstitial glucose with a range of commercial monitors currently available
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Does Caffeine Increase Fat Metabolism? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-10 Scott A. Conger, Lara M. Tuthill, Mindy L. Millard-Stafford
Whether caffeine (CAF) increases fat metabolism remains debatable. Using systematic review coupled with meta-analysis, our aim was to determine effects of CAF on fat metabolism and the relevant factors moderating this effect. Electronic databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched using the following string: CAF AND (fat OR lipid) AND (metabolism OR oxidation). A meta-analytic approach
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Phosphate Loading Does not Improve 30-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance in Trained Cyclists Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-07 Harry Pope, Max Davis, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Oliver J. Peacock, Javier Gonzalez, James A. Betts
Phosphate is integral to numerous metabolic processes, several of which strongly predict exercise performance (i.e., cardiac function, oxygen transport, and oxidative metabolism). Evidence regarding phosphate loading is limited and equivocal, at least partly because studies have examined sodium phosphate supplements of varied molar mass (e.g., mono/di/tribasic, dodecahydrate), thus delivering highly
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Acknowledgments Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-29
Journal Name: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Volume: 33 Issue: 1 Pages: 71-71
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For Flux Sake: Isotopic Tracer Methods of Monitoring Human Carbohydrate Metabolism During Exercise. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Javier T Gonzalez,Andy J King
Isotopic tracers can reveal insights into the temporal nature of metabolism and track the fate of ingested substrates. A common use of tracers is to assess aspects of human carbohydrate metabolism during exercise under various established models. The dilution model is used alongside intravenous infusion of tracers to assess carbohydrate appearance and disappearance rates in the circulation, which can
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A Delayed Evening Meal Enhances Sleep Quality in Young Rugby Players Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 Lisa Lehmann, Oussama Saidi, Magali Giacomoni, Giovanna Del Sordo, Freddy Maso, Irène Margaritis, Pascale Duché
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of delayed evening mealtime on sleep quality in young athletes. Twelve rugby players (age 15.8 ± 0.7 years) participated in a crossover within-participant design. Adolescents spent five consecutive days in each of two conditions, separated by a 2-week washout period: routine dinner (3.5 hr before bedtime) and late dinner (LD, 1.5 hr before bedtime). Other
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Impact of 24-Hr Diet and Physical Activity Control on Short-Term Precision Error of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Physique Assessment Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Gary J. Slater, Ava Farley, Luke Hogarth, Jose L. Areta, Gøran Paulsen, Ina Garthe
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a popular technique used to quantify physique in athletic populations. Due to biological variation, DXA precision error (PE) may be higher than desired. Adherence to standardized presentation for testing has shown improvement in consecutive-day PE. However, the impact of short-term diet and physical activity standardization prior to testing has not been explored
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Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Bone Turnover Markers in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome: The Mediator Role of Inflammation Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 José J. Gil-Cosano, Luis Gracia-Marco, Daniel Courteix, Bruno Lesourd, Robert Chapier, Philippe Obert, Guillaume Walther, Agnes Vinet, David Thivel, Manuel Muñoz-Torres, Ukadike C. Ugbolue, Reza Bagheri, Marek Zak, Frédéric Dutheil, Esther Ubago-Guisado
The relationship between inflammatory markers and bone turnover in adults is well known, and a negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and inflammatory markers has also been described. Hence, we tested whether the association between CRF and bone turnover markers is mediated by inflammatory markers in adults with metabolic syndrome. A total of 81 adults (58.5 ± 5.0 years, 62.7%
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Fasting Before Evening Exercise Reduces Net Energy Intake and Increases Fat Oxidation, but Impairs Performance in Healthy Males and Females Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-28 Tommy Slater, William J.A. Mode, Mollie G. Pinkney, John Hough, Ruth M. James, Craig Sale, Lewis J. James, David J. Clayton
Acute morning fasted exercise may create a greater negative 24-hr energy balance than the same exercise performed after a meal, but research exploring fasted evening exercise is limited. This study assessed the effects of 7-hr fasting before evening exercise on energy intake, metabolism, and performance. Sixteen healthy males and females (n = 8 each) completed two randomized, counterbalanced trials
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Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-27 Jordi P.D. Kleinloog, Kevin M.R. Nijssen, Ronald P. Mensink, Peter J. Joris
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise training on cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is a physiological marker of cerebrovascular function. Relationships between training-induced effects on CBF with changes in cognitive performance were also discussed. A systematic search was performed up to July 2022. Forty-five intervention studies with experimental, quasi-experimental
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A Comparison of Sodium Citrate and Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion: Blood Alkalosis and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-15 Charles S. Urwin, Rodney J. Snow, Dominique Condo, Rhiannon M.J. Snipe, Glenn D. Wadley, Lilia Convit, Amelia J. Carr
This study compared the recommended dose of sodium citrate (SC, 500 mg/kg body mass) and sodium bicarbonate (SB, 300 mg/kg body mass) for blood alkalosis (blood [HCO3−]) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS; number and severity). Sixteen healthy individuals ingested the supplements in a randomized, crossover design. Gelatin capsules were ingested over 15 min alongside a carbohydrate-rich meal, after
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Addition of Fructose to a Carbohydrate-Rich Breakfast Improves Cycling Endurance Capacity in Trained Cyclists Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-08-30 Tim Podlogar, Simon Cirnski, Špela Bokal, Nina Verdel, Javier T. Gonzalez
It was previously demonstrated that postexercise ingestion of fructose–glucose mixtures can lead to superior liver and equal muscle glycogen synthesis as compared with glucose-based carbohydrates (CHOs) only. After an overnight fast, liver glycogen stores are reduced, and based on this we hypothesized that addition of fructose to a glucose-based breakfast would lead to improved subsequent endurance
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Short-Term Creatine Supplementation and Repeated Sprint Ability—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2022-08-30 Mark Glaister, Lauren Rhodes
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of short-term creatine supplementation on repeated sprint ability. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria of adopting double-blind randomized placebo-controlled designs in which participants (age: 18–60 years) completed a repeated sprint test (number of sprints: 4 < n ≤ 20; sprint duration: ≤10 s; recovery