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Targeting TRP channels for pain relief: A review of current evidence from bench to bedside Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ari-Pekka Koivisto, Thomas Voets, Michael J. Iadarola, Arpad Szallasi
Several decades of research support the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in nociception. Despite the disappointments of early TRPV1 antagonist programs, the TRP family remains a promising therapeutic target in pain disorders. High-dose capsaicin patches are already in clinical use to relieve neuropathic pain. At present, localized injections of the side-directed TRPV1 agonist
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Estrogen related receptor alpha: Potential modulator of age-related macular degeneration Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Fatima Massare Somers, Goldis Malek
To develop effective therapies for complex blinding diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), identification of mechanisms involved in its initiation and progression is needed. The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) is an orphan nuclear receptor that regulates several AMD-associated pathogenic pathways. However, it has not been investigated in detail in the ocular posterior pole
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Targeting the endocannabinoid system for the management of low back pain Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Mary A. Hopkins, Brian E. McGuire, David P. Finn
Low back pain (LBP) is a major unmet clinical need. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for pain, including LBP. This review examines the evidence for the ECS as a therapeutic target for LBP. While preclinical studies demonstrate the potential of the ECS as a viable therapeutic target, clinical trials have presented conflicting findings. This review underscores
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Gastrointestinal issue: Advances in gastrointestinal oncology Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Jeroen Dekervel, Angelica Petrillo
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Lipid raft disruption as an opportunity for peripheral analgesia Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Andrea Kinga Nehr-Majoros, Ágnes Király, Zsuzsanna Helyes, Éva Szőke
Chronic pain conditions are unmet medical needs, since the available drugs, opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory/analgesic drugs and adjuvant analgesics do not provide satisfactory therapeutic effect in a great proportion of patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel targets and novel therapeutic approaches that differ from classical pharmacological receptor antagonism. Most ion
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Editorial overview: Endocrine and metabolic diseases (2023) Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Ivana Bjelobaba, Stephanie Constantin
Abstract not available
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Novel treatments for dry eye syndrome Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Esther Roucaute, Marcela Huertas-Bello, Alfonso L. Sabater
Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent and multifactorial disease that leads to a self-perpetuating cycle of inflammation and damage to the ocular surface. This results in symptoms such as redness, burning, and blurred vision, which can negatively affect a patient's quality of life. While treatments are available to manage DES, they only temporarily relieve symptoms. Furthermore, long-term use of certain
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Editorial overview: “Purinergic immune cell regulation reveals novel pharmacological targets” Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Wolfgang Junger, Carola Ledderose
Abstract not available
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Analgesic potential of voltage gated sodium channel modulators for the management of pain Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Jason J. McDougall, Melissa S. O'Brien
Neuronal electrochemical signals involve the flux of sodium ions through voltage-gated sodium channels (Na) located in the neurolemma. Of the nine sodium channel subtypes, Na-1.7, 1.8, and 1.9 are predominantly located on nociceptors, making them prime targets to control pain. This review highlights some of the latest discoveries targeting Na channel activity, including: (1) charged local anaesthetic
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Editorial overview: New and revitalized old targets in metabolic disease Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Jacob B. Hansen, Ivana Novak
Abstract not available
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Targeting ferroptosis in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis in the realm of septic cardiomyopathy Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Hua Ye, Huantao Hu, Xiaoliang Zhou, Maolong Dong, Jun Ren
Septic cardiomyopathy is one of the predominant culprit factors contributing to the rising mortality in patients with severe sepsis. Among various mechanisms responsible for the etiology of septic heart anomalies, disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis has gained much recent attention, resulting in myocardial inflammation and even cell death. Ferroptosis is a novel category of regulated cell death
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AI-driven GPCR analysis, engineering, and targeting Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 João P.L. Velloso, Aaron S. Kovacs, Douglas E.V. Pires, David B. Ascher
This article investigates the role of recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) to revolutionise the study of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). AI has been applied to many areas of GPCR research, including the application of machine learning (ML) in GPCR classification, prediction of GPCR activation levels, modelling GPCR 3D structures and interactions, understanding G-protein selectivity
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Integrating network pharmacology: The next-generation approach in ocular drug discovery Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Francesca Lazzara, Federica Conti, Erika Giuffrida, Chiara Maria Eandi, Filippo Drago, Chiara Bianca Maria Platania, Claudio Bucolo
With the spread of the “omics” sciences, the approaches of systems biology can be considered as new paradigms of pharmacological research for discovery of novel targets and/or treatments for complex multifactorial diseases. Data from omics sciences can be used for the design of biologic networks, that in turn can be quantitatively analyzed to identify new pharmacological targets. In this review, we
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Targeting the NRF2 pathway: A promising approach for corneal endothelial dysfunction Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Keith W. Ward
Maintaining corneal endothelial function is required for vision, and corneal endothelial dysfunction is a major cause of visual deficits and blindness worldwide. To date there has been a dearth of innovation for therapeutics targeting the corneal endothelium. However, recent advances in understanding the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have revealed potential avenues for the
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Optic nerve regeneration: Potential treatment approaches Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Jessica Lee, Sherilyn Nguyen, Sanjoy Bhattacharya
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Human experience and efficacy of omidenepag isopropyl (Eybelis®; Omlonti®): Discovery to approval of the novel non-prostaglandin EP2-receptor-selective agonist ocular hypotensive drug Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Najam A. Sharif
More than 75 million people worldwide suffer from ocular hypertension (OHT)-associated retinal and optic nerve degenerative diseases that cause visual impairment and can lead to blindness. In an effort to find novel pharmaceutical therapeutics to combat OHT with reduced side-effect potential, several emerging drug candidates have advanced to human proof-of-concept in recent years. One such compound
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Currently available prostanoids for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: A review Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Betsy Benitez, Abdelrahman M. Anter, Jennifer Arcuri, Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya
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Angiotensin II type 2 receptor signalling as a pain target: Bench, bedside and back-translation Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Andrew J. Shepherd, Andrew SC. Rice, Maree T. Smith
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Interventional functional diagnostics in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Combining diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the endoscopy suite with the functional lumen imaging probe Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Zuzana Vackova, Ian Levenfus, Daniel Pohl
With technical progress of gastrointestinal functional testing, there has been a demand for more comprehensive examination of esophageal physiology and pathophysiology beyond high-resolution manometry. A new interventional technology based on impedance planimetry, the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP), enables intraluminal measurement of distensibility and compliance of hollow organs. EndoFLIP
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The role of Pannexin-1 channels, ATP, and purinergic receptors in the pathogenesis of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Cristian A. Hernandez, Eliseo A. Eugenin
Infectious agents such as human immune deficiency virus-1 (HIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) use host proteins to infect, replicate, and induce inflammation within the host. A critical component of these diseases is the axis between pannexin-1 channels, extracellular ATP, and purinergic receptors. Here, we describe the potential therapeutic role of Pannexin-1/purinergic
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Pharmacologic treatment of gastroparesis: What is (still) on the horizon? Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-26 D. Schweckendiek, D. Pohl
Gastroparesis is a neuromuscular disorder of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Patients typically complain about early satiety, postprandial fullness, nausea and vomiting. Etiology is multifactorial. Treatment strategies include nutritional support, pharmacologic agents or surgery for refractory cases. Metoclopramide is the first and only FDA approved pharmacologic agent for (diabetic) Gastroparesis
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Illuminating GPCR signaling mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy with stable-isotope labeled receptors Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Beining Jin, Naveen Thakur, Anuradha V. Wijesekara, Matthew T. Eddy
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Discerning conformational dynamics and binding kinetics of GPCRs by 19F NMR Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 R.S. Prosser, Nicholas A. Alonzi
19F NMR provides a way of monitoring conformational dynamics of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) from the perspective of an ensemble. While X-ray crystallography provides exquisitely resolved high-resolution structures of specific states, it generally does not recapitulate the true ensemble of functional states. Fluorine (19F) NMR provides a highly sensitive spectroscopic window into the conformational
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Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: From molecular pathogenesis to pharmacological intervention targeting skeletal muscle Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-07-16
The clinical characteristics of SBMA, also known as Kennedy's disease (OMIM 313200), were initially documented by Dr. H Kawahara in the 18th century and a hundred years later by Dr. W. Kennedy. SBMA is a neuromuscular disease caused by expansions of a CAG microsatellite tandem repeat in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene located on the X chromosome. These expansions result in the production
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Adenosine signaling as target in cardiovascular pharmacology Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-07-12
Increasing evidence demonstrated the relevance of adenosine system in the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarct, ischemia, hypertension, heart failure, and atherosclerosis. In this regard, intense research efforts are being focused on the characterization of the pathophysiological significance of adenosine, acting at its membrane receptors named
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Targeting cAMP signaling compartments in iPSC-derived models of cardiovascular disease Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-07-13
Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) acts as a second messenger that is involved in the regulation of a plethora of processes. The activation of cAMP signaling in defined compartments is critical for cells to respond to an extracellular stimulus in a specific manner. Rapid advances in the field of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reflect their great potential for cardiovascular disease
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Spatiotemporal GPCR signaling illuminated by genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Charlotte Kayser, Barbora Melkes, Cécile Derieux, Andreas Bock
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are ligand-activated cell membrane proteins and represent the most important class of drug targets. GPCRs adopt several active conformations that stimulate different intracellular G proteins (and other transducers) and thereby modulate second messenger levels, eventually resulting in receptor-specific cell responses. It is increasingly accepted that not only the
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Central and peripheral mechanisms involved in the control of GnRH neuronal function by metabolic factors Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-10 Miguel Ruiz-Cruz, Carmen Torres-Granados, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Juan Roa
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Corrigendum to “Antihypertensive effect of soybean bioactive peptides: A review” [Curr Opin Pharmacol (62) (2022) 74–81] Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-03 Tingna Li, Xiaorui Zhang, Yuanyuan Ren, Yijia Zeng, Qinwan Huang, Chao Wang
Abstract not available
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Highlighting vulnerabilities in the alternative lengthening of telomeres pathway Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Lisa M. Carson, Rachel L. Flynn
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Targeting DNA damage repair precision medicine strategies in cancer Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Juliette Brownlie, Sanat Kulkarni, Mashael Algethami, Jennie N. Jeyapalan, Nigel P. Mongan, Emad A. Rakha, Srinivasan Madhusudan
DNA repair targeted therapeutics is a promising precision medicine strategy in cancer. The development and clinical use of PARP inhibitors has transformed lives for many patients with BRCA germline deficient breast and ovarian cancer as well as platinum sensitive epithelial ovarian cancers. However, lessons learnt from the clinical use of PARP inhibitors also confirm that not all patients respond either
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Extracellular adenosine signaling in bone health and disease Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Hunter Newman, Shyni Varghese
Purinergic signaling is a key molecular pathway in the maintenance of bone health and regeneration. P1 receptor signaling, which is activated by extracellular adenosine, has emerged as a key metabolic pathway that regulates bone tissue formation, function, and homeostasis. Extracellular adenosine is mainly produced by ectonucleotidases, and alterations in the function of these enzymes or compromised
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NMR applications to GPCR recognition by peptide ligands Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Kazem Asadollahi, Daniel J. Scott, Paul R. Gooley
Peptides form the largest group of ligands that modulate the activity of more than 120 different GPCRs. Among which linear disordered peptide ligands usually undergo significant conformational changes upon binding that is essential for receptor recognition and activation. Conformational selection and induced fit are the extreme mechanisms of coupled folding and binding that can be distinguished by
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Considerations for individualized first-line systemic treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-25 Frederik Peeters, Jeroen Dekervel
Primary liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 80%–90% of all primary liver malignancies. Until 2007, there was no effective treatment option available for patients diagnosed with advanced HCC, whereas today, both multireceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as immunotherapy combinations have entered
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Targeting the altered duodenal microenvironment in functional dyspepsia Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-22 Matthias Ceulemans, Lucas Wauters, Tim Vanuytsel
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Purinergic signaling pathway in severe COVID-19 Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Lourdes Arruvito, Inés Sananez, Vanesa Seery, Constanza Russo, Jorge Geffner
Substantial efforts have been made to understand the immune response during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in order to identify and characterize risk factors, immune mechanisms responsible for the induction of tissue injury and potential therapeutic targets. Purinergic signaling pathway has shown to modulate the inflammatory processes in the course of several
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Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Applicability in Western countries Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-15 MinKe He, ShuYue Liu, ZhiCheng Lai, ZeFeng Du, QiJiong Li, Li Xu, Anna Kan, JianXian Shen, Ming Shi
Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX-HAIC) has shown a strong anti-tumor effect in hepatocellular carcinoma in China. Different from hepatocellular carcinoma in China, hepatocellular carcinoma in Western countries is caused by hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease, and is often diagnosed at an early stage, when the tumor is small or the thrombus
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Editorial overview: Immune regulation and cancers Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-02 Carlotta Giorgi, Shafi Kuchay
Abstract not available
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The blood pressure lowering effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A mini-review of the potential mechanisms Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Joao Carlos Ribeiro-Silva, Caio A.M. Tavares, Adriana C.C. Girardi
The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a key component of the signaling mechanisms promoting glucose homeostasis. Clinical and experimental studies demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor agonists, including GLP-1 itself, have favorable effects on blood pressure and reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, independently of their effect on glycemic control. GLP-1 receptors are present
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Pharmacology of pannexin channels Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Michael Koval, Wyatt J. Schug, Brant E. Isakson
Pannexin channels play fundamental roles in regulating inflammation and have been implicated in many diseases including hypertension, stroke, and neuropathic pain. Thus, the ability to pharmacologically block these channels is a vital component of several therapeutic approaches. Pharmacologic interrogation of model systems also provides a means to discover new roles for pannexins in cell physiology
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The role of extracellular ATP and P2X receptors in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Natalia R. Rodriguez, Trinisia Fortune, Thien Vuong, Talia H. Swartz
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) causes a chronic, incurable infection associated with chronic inflammation despite virologic suppression on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This chronic inflammation underlies significant comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, neurocognition decline, and malignancies. The mechanisms of chronic inflammation have been attributed, in part, to the role
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How organoids can improve personalized treatment in patients with gastro-esophageal tumors Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Manuel Cabeza-Segura, Blanca Garcia-Micò, Marcella La Noce, Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, Valeria Conti, Amelia Filippelli, Tania Fleitas, Andrés Cervantes, Josefa Castillo, Federica Papaccio
Gastro-esophageal tumors constitute a big health problem. Treatment options still mainly rely on chemotherapy, and apart from human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive and microsatellite instable/Epstein–Barr Virus disease, there are no molecularly guided options. Therefore, despite the large number of identified molecular alterations, precision medicine is still far from the clinic. In this
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The P2X7 purinoceptor in pathogenesis and treatment of dystrophino- and sarcoglycanopathies Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Dariusz C. Gόrecki, Robin M.H. Rumney
Dystrophinopathy and sarcoglycanopathies are incurable diseases caused by mutations in the genes encoding dystrophin or members of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC). Restoration of the missing dystrophin or sarcoglycans via genetic approaches is complicated by the downsides of personalised medicines and immune responses against re-expressed proteins. Thus, the targeting of disease mechanisms
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Drug development for the treatment of RyR1-related skeletal muscle diseases Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Takashi Murayama, Nagomi Kurebayashi, Ryosuke Ishida, Hiroyuki Kagechika
Type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is an intracellular Ca2+ release channel on the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, and it plays a central role in excitation–contraction (E-C) coupling. Mutations in RyR1 are implicated in various muscle diseases including malignant hyperthermia, central core disease, and myopathies. Currently, no specific treatment exists for most of these diseases. Recently
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KRAS inhibition in metastatic colorectal cancer: An update Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-11 Maliha Nusrat, Rona Yaeger
About half of colorectal cancers harbor mutations in the KRAS gene. The presence of these mutations is associated with worse prognosis and, until now, the absence of matched targeted therapy options. In this review, we discuss clinical efforts to target KRAS in colorectal cancer from studies of downstream inhibitors to recent direct inhibitors of KRASG12C and other KRAS mutants. Early clinical trial
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Purinergic signalling in graft-versus-host disease Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Ronald Sluyter, Peter Cuthbertson, Amal Elhage, Chloe Sligar, Debbie Watson
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used to treat blood cancers, but often results in lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD is an inflammatory disorder mediated by donor leukocytes that damage host tissues. Purinergic signalling plays important roles in GVHD development in mice but studies of these pathways in human GVHD remain limited. P2X7 receptor activation by ATP on host
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Recent advances in emerging PCOS therapies Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-06 Kelly A. Glendining, Rebecca E. Campbell
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a prevalent endocrinopathy involving androgen excess, and anovulatory infertility. The disorder is also associated with many comorbidities such as obesity and hyperinsulinemia, and an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic symptoms are highly variable, with heterogenous phenotypes adding complexity to clinical management of
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Store-operated calcium entry: From physiology to tubular aggregate myopathy Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-04 Feliciano Protasi, Barbara Girolami, Sara Roccabianca, Daniela Rossi
Store-Operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is recognized as a key mechanism in muscle physiology necessary to refill intracellular Ca2+ stores during sustained muscle activity. For many years the cell structures expected to mediate SOCE in skeletal muscle fibres remained unknown. Recently, the identification of Ca2+ Entry Units (CEUs) in exercised muscle fibres opened new insights into the role of extracellular
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Non-hereditary early onset gastric cancer: An unmet medical need Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-04 Angelica Petrillo, Piera Federico, Gianpaolo Marte, Carlo Liguori, Andreas Seeber, Margaret Ottaviano, Andrea Tufo, Bruno Daniele
Gastric cancer (GC) is a lethal disease and the diagnosis in the young population is a major challenge from both individual and social point of views. Early-onset GC accounts for ∼5% of GC; among them, 3% are part of a hereditary syndrome and the majority are sporadic. However, even if the early-onset forms were less frequent in the past, the increasing number in the last decades has improved the interest
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Is there still a place for radiotherapy in gastric cancer? Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 Irene Y. Chong, Ian Chau
Stomach cancer is an aggressive disease and represents a global health problem. The majority of patients with localised disease present with locally advanced cancer that requires multimodality treatment. Chemoradiotherapy delivered after D2 gastrectomy has been evaluated in a number of clinical studies and best evidence, thus far, does not support its use in the post-operative setting. Data from currently
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The use of hormone stimulation in male infertility Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-27 Daniel Foran, Runzhi Chen, Channa N. Jayasena, Suks Minhas, Tharu Tharakan
Infertility affects 15% of couples worldwide and in approximately 50% of cases the cause is secondary to an abnormality of the sperm. However, treatment options for male infertility are limited and empirical use of hormone stimulation has been utilised. We review the contemporary data regarding the application of hormone stimulation to treat male infertility. There is strong evidence supporting the
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Pharmacological strategies for mitigating anti-TNF biologic immunogenicity in rheumatoid arthritis patients Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-27 Christian A. Fernandez
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors are a mainstay of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after failed responses to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Despite the clinical efficacy of TNFα inhibitors (TNFi), many RA patients experience TNFi treatment failure due to the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) that can neutralize drug levels and lead
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Update on anti-fibrotic pharmacotherapies in skeletal muscle disease Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2022-12-23 Laura Muraine, Mona Bensalah, Gillian Butler-Browne, Anne Bigot, Capucine Trollet, Vincent Mouly, Elisa Negroni
Fibrosis, defined as an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, is the end point of a defective regenerative process, unresolved inflammation and/or chronic damage. Numerous muscle disorders (MD) are characterized by high levels of fibrosis associated with muscle wasting and weakness. Fibrosis alters muscle homeostasis/regeneration and fiber environment and may interfere with gene and cell