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Transcription Factor MITF Inhibits the Transcription of CPT1B to Regulate Fatty Acid β-Oxidation and Thus Affects Stemness in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Weijian Tang,Hongguang Tang,Shaohua Xu,Hao Yu,Zhoumiao Chen
INTRODUCTION Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play critical roles in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression, and fatty acid oxidation is key for CSC growth and survival. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms regulating fatty acid β-oxidation in LUAD is important for its treatment. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis assessed CPT1B and MITF expression and their correlation in LUAD tissues, as well as
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Simvastatin Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis under Pathophysiological Conditions of Heart Failure with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction by Inhibiting TGF-β Signaling. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Tetsuro Marunouchi,Kasumi Matsumura,Eriko Fuji,Akihiro Iwamoto,Kouichi Tanonaka
INTRODUCTION There is still no effective treatment for heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF), and therapies to improve prognosis are urgently needed. Clinical studies in patients with HFpEF have shown that statins and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors may reduce their mortality rate. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of statins on HFpEF remain unknown. In the
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Impairment of Autophagy Mediates the Uric-Acid-Induced Phenotypic Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Yan Lu,Hanlin Zhang,Min Han,Ping Wang,Liping Meng
INTRODUCTION Hyperuricemia may be involved in the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, thus promoting the occurrence of atherosclerosis, and autophagy may be one of the important links, but little is known about the specific molecular mechanism. METHODS We established a mouse model of hyperuricemia and studied the relationship between changes in autophagy levels and the phenotypic
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Progression of Acute Lung Injury in Intratracheal LPS Rat Model: Efficacy of Fluticasone, Dexamethasone, and Pirfenidone. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Anil H Kadam,Jan E Schnitzer
INTRODUCTION We investigated the potential of LPS (10-300 µg/rat) administered intratracheally (i.t.) to induce reproducible features of acute lung injury (ALI) and compared the pharmacological efficacy of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids and antifibrotic drugs to reduce the disease. Additionally, we studied the time-dependent progression of ALI in this LPS rat model. METHODS We conducted (1) dose
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Inhalation of Spray-Dried Extract of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn Alleviates Lung Inflammatory, Oxidative, and Remodeling Changes in Asthmatic Rats. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh,Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk,Amirhashem Aminizadeh,Abolfazl Yari,Fahimeh Rostamabadi,Fatemeh Bagheri,Hamid Najafipour,Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi,Arian Amirkhosravi,Mehrnaz Mehrabani,Mitra Mehrabani
INTRODUCTION For centuries, Salvia rosmarinus Spenn has been applied as folk medicine to cure different diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, and antitumor effects. To find bioactive medicinal herbs exerting a protective effect on airway inflammation and remodeling, we assessed the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of an aqueous spray-dried extract
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The Detrimental Effect of Pre-Treatment with Ivermectin on Myocardial Ischemia. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Sara Cheraghi,Shabnam Babataheri,Hamid Soraya
INTRODUCTION Ivermectin (IVM) is a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic agent with potential antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer effects. There are limited studies on the effects of IVM on cardiovascular diseases, so the present study sought to determine the effects of pre-treatment with IVM on myocardial ischemia in both ex vivo and in vivo. METHODS In the ex vivo part, two groups of control and treated
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Adding SGLT2 Cotransporter Inhibitor to PPARγ Activator Does Not Provide an Additive Effect in the Management of Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Aneta Cinakova,Peter Krenek,Jan Klimas,Eva Kralova
INTRODUCTION Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. In monotherapy, dapagliflozin (Dapa) as well as pioglitazone (Pio) prevent the progression of target organ damage in both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether the simultaneous PPAR-γ activation and SGLT2 cotransporter inhibition significantly alleviate ED-related
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Regulation of the Endogenous Opiate Signaling Pathway against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Considerable Approach for Exploring Preclinical Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Wei Zhu,Lorenz S Neuwirth,Patrick Cadet
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress and inflammation are major factors contributing to the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies have demonstrated that morphine's biosynthetic pathway, coupled with nitric oxide (NO) release, is evolutionarily conserved throughout animals and humans. Moreover, dopamine is a key precursor for morphine biosynthesis. METHOD The
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PG545 Prevents Osteoarthritis Development by Regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling and Activating Chondrocyte Autophagy. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Peiyu Guo,Hua Li,Xuming Wang,Xingguo Li,Xi Li
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease common in the elderly and is characterized by joint pain, swelling, and restricted movement. In recent years, heparanase has been reported to play an important role in the development of osteoarthritic cartilage. PG545 is a heparan sulfate mimetic with heparanase inhibitory activity. In this study, the therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms
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Safety of Tigecycline in Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Chuwen Lin,Miaoqin Tan,Dongmei Wang,Chunping Gu,Yongming Wu,Shengnan Wang
INTRODUCTION The aims of the study were to investigate the risk factors of tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia and to evaluate the safety of tigecycline with concomitant antithrombotic drugs. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who received tigecycline for more than 3 days between January 2015 and June 2019. Clinical and laboratory data were collected including fibrinogen concertation
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Targeting Breast Cancer Signaling via Phytomedicine and Nanomedicine. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Jeba Ajgar Ansari,Jonaid Ahmad Malik,Sakeel Ahmed,Faisal Ashraf Bhat,Afreen Khanam,Suhail Ahmad Mir,Amr S Abouzied,Nafees Ahemad,Sirajudheen Anwar
BACKGROUND The development of breast cancer (BC) and how it responds to treatment have both been linked to the involvement of inflammation. Chronic inflammation is critical in carcinogenesis, leading to elevated DNA damage, impaired DNA repair machinery, cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion. Studies have found several targets that selectively modulate inflammation in cancer, limit BC's
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Taurine Supplementation for 48-Months Improved Glucose Tolerance and Changed ATP-Related Enzymes in Avians. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Lorenz S Neuwirth,Nurper Gökhan,Sarrah Kaye,Edward F Meehan
Avians differ from mammals, especially in brain architecture and metabolism. Taurine, an amino acid basic to metabolism and bioenergetics, has been shown to have remarkable effects on metabolic syndrome and ameliorating oxidative stress reactions across species. However, less is known regarding these metabolic relationships in the avian model. The present study serves as a preliminary report that examined
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The Effects of Novel Triazolopyrimidine Derivatives on H2S Production in Lung and Vascular Tonus in Aorta. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Emine Nur Ozbek,Huseyin Istanbullu,Umran Kızrak,Elif Alan Albayrak,Gülnur Sevin,Gunay Yetik-Anacak
INTRODUCTION Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), known as a third gasotransmitter, is a signaling molecule that plays a regulatory role in physiological and pathophysiological processes. Decreased H2S levels were reported in inflammatory respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension. H2S donors or drugs that increase H2S have emerged as novel treatments
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Impact of Normal and Overweight Pregnancy in GLUT4 and Glucose-Dependent Vascular Contractility. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Esther Juarez Cortés,Gustavo López Y López,Eduardo I Perez Muñoz,Betzabel Rodriguez Reyes,Damian A Madrigal-Aguilar,Rosa A Bobadilla-Lugo
INTRODUCTION Obesity during pregnancy can contribute to hypertensive complications through changes in glucose utilization. We investigated the impact of vascular glucose uptake, GLUT4 density, and endothelium on agonist-induced vasoconstriction in the aortas of overweight pregnant rats. METHODS Isolated aortic rings with or without endothelium from pregnant or nonpregnant rats fed a standard (SD) or
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Propofol-Associated Urine Discoloration: Systematic Literature Review. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Ana Lasica,Cinzia Cortesi,Gregorio P Milani,Mario G Bianchetti,Federica M Schera,Pietro Camozzi,Sebastiano A G Lava
INTRODUCTION Propofol occasionally induces a green or pink-cloudy urine discoloration. A lesser-known effect is green discoloration of hair, milk, liver, or stool. We aimed to gain insight into the features of these disturbances. METHODS The terms ("propofol" OR "fospropofol") AND ("green" OR "pink" OR "cloudy" OR "pink-cloudy") were searched in Excerpta Medica, MEDLINE/PubMed®, and Web of Sciences
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Canagliflozin Ameliorates Ventricular Remodeling through Apelin/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Signaling in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Rats. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Tingting Zhang,Xinyu Wang,Zhongli Wang,Jianlong Zhai,Lili He,Yan Wang,Qingjuan Zuo,Sai Ma,Guorui Zhang,Yifang Guo
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of canagliflozin (CANA) on ventricular remodeling in patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) heart failure and to further investigate its possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS A high-salt diet was used to induce the formation of HFpEF model in salt-sensitive rats. The rats were fed with CANA and irbesartan, respectively. The
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Etomidate Depresses Spontaneous Complex Spikes Activity of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells via Cannabinoid 1 Receptor in vivo in Mice. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Wen Pan,Chun-Ping Chu,De-Lai Qiu
INTRODUCTION Complex spikes (CSs) activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells plays critical roles in motor coordination and motor learning by transferring information to cerebellar cortex, which is an accessible and useful model for neurophysiological investigation. Etomidate is an ultrashort-acting nonbarbiturate intravenous anesthetic, which inhibits the spontaneous activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells
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Risk Factors for Lenvatinib-Induced High-Grade Hypothyroidism in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Shusuke Uekusa,Maho Nemoto,Yuki Hanai,Misaki Nakashin,Arisu Miyagawa,Sachiko Yanagino,Yoshiki Arita,Takahiro Matsumoto,Kenji Nishizawa,Hidenari Nagai,Koji Higai,Kazuhiro Matsuo
INTRODUCTION Lenvatinib mesylate (LEN) is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC treatment with LEN is associated with a very high incidence of adverse events, especially hypothyroidism. This study investigated the incidence of hypothyroidism due to LEN and the relationships between hypothyroidism incidence
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Relative Remission and Low Disease Activity Rates of Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, Upadacitinib, and Filgotinib versus Methotrexate in Patients with Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug-Naive Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Young Ho Lee,Gwan Gyu Song
BACKGROUND The relative efficacy of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in producing remission and low disease activity (LDA) states remains unknown since there are currently no trials that provide direct comparisons among JAK inhibitors in disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the relative remission and LDA rates
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Vancomycin Hydrochloride as a Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Study. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Shusuke Uekusa,Yuki Hanai,Shinobu Hirayama,Takuya Yokoo,Tetsuya Hasegawa,Kohei Shimoyama,Ayumu Kusano,Kenji Nishizawa,Takahiro Matsumoto,Kazuhiro Matsuo
INTRODUCTION The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) was reported to be 5-43%. VCM-induced AKI was reported to be more likely to occur 4-17 days after initiating VCM treatment; however, it may occur earlier. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate risk factors for the development of AKI within two (AKI2days) and seven (AKI7days) days of VCM administration
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Can Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Lead to First-Time Heart Failure in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type-2: Is There a Link? Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Shehroze Tabassum,Aroma Naeem,Uzzam Ahmed Khawaja,Abdulqadir J Nashwan
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Glioblastoma Multiforme: The Latest Diagnostics and Treatment Techniques. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Agata Czarnywojtek,Magdalena Borowska,Kamil Dyrka,Stefaan Van Gool,Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj,Jakub Moskal,Jeremi Kościński,Patryk Graczyk,Tomasz Hałas,Agnieszka Marta Lewandowska,Rafał Czepczyński,Marek Ruchała
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a WHO grade 4 glioma and the most common malignant primary brain tumour. Recently, there has been outstanding progress in the treatment of GBM. In addition to the newest form of GBM removal using fluorescence, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, tomoradiotherapy, moderate electro-hyperthermia, and adjuvant temozolomide (post-operative chemotherapy), new developments
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Quercetin Alleviates Asthma-Induced Airway Inflammation and Remodeling through Downregulating Periostin via Blocking TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Yanni Fang,Wenwen Jin,Zhen Guo,Jumei Hao
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to discuss whether the anti-asthmatic effect of quercetin is related to periostin and the downstream molecular pathway of quercetin's anti-asthmatic effect. METHODS We constructed asthmatic mice, sensitized by ovalbumin, and administrated different treatments into mice according to the experimental design. In this study, we mainly observed the inflammatory response
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Semaphorin 4D Promotes Osteoclast Formation but Inhibits Osteoblast Formation: Implication in Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Lili Liu,Hong Mu,Ying Pang,Jingbo Liu,Chunsheng Liu
INTRODUCTION Bisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis, which could cause osteonecrosis of the jaw (also known as bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw [BRONJ]). Currently, there is no effective treatment for BRONJ. Here, we investigated the role of human recombinant semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) in BRONJ in vitro. METHODS MG-63 and RAW264.7 cells were used to determine the
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New Role of D-Cycloserine: Shorten Adaptation Process and Extend Maintenance Time of Motion Sickness. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-02 Yilin Lu,Zehua Chen,Leilei Pan,Ling Zhang,Shuifeng Xiao,Ruirui Qi,Yiling Cai,Junqin Wang
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to investigate the role of D-cycloserine (DCS) in the adaptation process and maintenance of motion sickness (MS). METHODS In experiment 1, 120 SD rats were used to study the promoting effect of DCS on the adaptation process of MS in rats. They were randomly divided into four groups, DCS-rotation (DCS-Rot), DCS-static, saline-rotation (Sal-Rot), and saline-static
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Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Inform Sertraline Dosing Optimization in Patients with Depression. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Milan Stoiljkovic,Valentina N Nikolic,Nebojsa Ilic,Maja Vujovic,Dejan Popovic,Jasmina Milovanovic,Slobodan M Jankovic
Sertraline is one of the most prescribed antidepressants, but its pharmacokinetic (PK) properties are still not completely characterized. Using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling, we examined factors influencing sertraline PK variability in outpatients with major depressive disorder. Blood samples from 53 male and female adults treated with sertraline orally were collected at a steady state. Various
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Cholestasis-Associated Pulmonary Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Tissue Fibrosis: The Protective Role of the Biogenic Amine Agmatine. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-30 Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Hossein Niknahad,Asma Najibi,Abdollah Arjmand,Sepideh Alidaee,Sahra Mazloomi,Parinaz Ahmadi,Alireza Ghiasvand,Maral Javadi,Jamal Yazdani,Samira Sabouri,Heresh Rezaei,Negar Azarpira,Reza Heidari
INTRODUCTION Cholestasis is the stoppage of bile flow, leading to the accumulation of potentially cytotoxic bile components in the liver. These cytotoxic molecules affect many organs. Cholestasis-induced lung injury is a severe complication that could lead to tissue fibrosis and respiratory distress. Substantial evidence indicates the role of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the pathogenesis
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Vasodilator Effect of Trace Amines, 3-Iodothyronamine, and RO5263397 in the Rat Perfused Kidney: Comparison with Tryptamine. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-26 Dina Jragh,Bindu Chandrasekhar,Mariam H M Yousif,Mabayoje Ayotunde Oriowo
INTRODUCTION Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors and are widely distributed in the body. Activation of TAAR1 by specific agonists can produce a variety of physiological effects centrally and peripherally. The objective of this study was to investigate the vasodilator effect of two selective TAAR1 agonists 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) and RO5263397 in the
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The Effect of Zonisamide on Rat Bone Mass, Structure, and Metabolism. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Iva Karesova,Julius Simko,Sona Fekete,Eva Zimcikova,Jana Malakova,Helena Zivna,Ladislava Pavlikova,Vladimir Palicka
INTRODUCTION Our study aimed to investigate the effect of zonisamide (ZNS) on bone metabolism in the rat model. METHODS Eight-week-old rats were divided into four groups. The sham-operated control group (SHAM) and the control group after orchidectomy (ORX) received the standard laboratory diet (SLD). The experimental group after orchidectomy (ORX+ZNS) and the sham-operated control group (SHAM+ZNS)
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Melatonin Regulates lncRNA NEAT1/miR-138-5p/HIF-1α Axis through MOV10 to Affect Acid-Related Esophageal Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Xin Su,Wenjie Li,Danping Zhang,Hong Zhu
INTRODUCTION Acid-related inflammatory damage to the esophageal epithelium is a key component in the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Melatonin (MT) is considered as a potential therapeutic agent, but its molecular mechanism is unknown. METHODS The expression of HIF-1α and pyroptosis-related genes (NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) was analyzed using bioinformatics methods in GSE63401
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Matrine Protects Endothelial Progenitor Cells against Apoptosis and Promotes Their Migration, Invasion, and Tube Formation Abilities via Modulating miR-126b/FOXO4 Axis. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-09 Xiqi Zhu,Jian Jiang,Jian Wang,Zhiyin Zhou,Xiaoming Ge
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been proven to exhibit a therapeutic effect in deep vein thrombosis, but are susceptible to microenvironment. Besides, Matrine has promotive effects on EPCs, but its effects on microRNA (miR)-126 remain obscure, which are therefore discussed in the study. METHODS The cultured EPCs were extracted from Sprague-Dawley rats and identified
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Exosome miR-552 Promotes Laryngocarcinoma Cells Malignant Progression via the PTEN/TOB1 Axis. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Lisha Liu,Qiaojing Jia,Jianxing Wang,Haizhong Zhang,Zhanwei Jia,Chunguang Shan
INTRODUCTION Tumor exosome-derived miRNAs play important roles in the human laryngocarcinoma. However, it is still unknown if exosome miR-552 is involved in the laryngocarcinoma. The aim of the current study was to explore exosome miR-552's role in laryngocarcinoma and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Hep-2 exosome was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking technology
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Loss of MD1 Promotes Inflammatory and Apoptotic Atrial Remodelling in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Activating the TLR4/NF-κB Signalling Pathway. Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-05 Tonghuan Shi,Guangji Wang,Jianye Peng,Manhua Chen
INTRODUCTION Myeloid differentiation protein 1 (MD1), a negative regulator of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), is widely expressed in the heart. Recent studies have shown that MD1 plays an important role in cardiac remodelling. However, the effects and potential mechanisms underlying MD1-mediated atrial remodelling in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to explore
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Lafutidine Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Small Intestinal Damage in Rats by Modifying the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier, Inflammation, and Microbiota Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Lanping Zhu, Junyi Guo, Qinlingfei Liu, Yang Luo, Jing Zhao, Weilong Zhong, Siyuan Sun, Xiuxiu Xu, Huixi Liang, Chenxi Lou, Chongfei Song, Jihua Chen, Jingwen Zhao, Bangmao Wang, Xin Chen
Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced small intestinal damage is a serious and escalating clinical problem without effective treatment. Lafutidine (LAF) is a novel histamine H2 receptor antagonist with a mucosal protective action. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of LAF on indomethacin (IND)-induced enteropathy in rats. Methods: Rats were treated with
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Oncostatin M and Nivolumab Affect the Cytotoxic T-Cell Proportions and the Susceptibility to TRAIL-Induced Death in Non-Leukocyte Cell Subpopulations in Soft Tissue Sarcomas Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Giulia Toffanin, Andrej Ozaniak, Robin Bartolini, Martin Komarc, Rene Novysedlak, Michal Rataj, Jitka Smetanova, Antonio Rosato, Robert Lischke, Jirina Bartunkova, Zuzana Strizova
Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are malignant tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues. Patients with advanced and metastatic STSs have low overall survival rates and relatively limited treatment options. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine that was shown to carry both pro- and anti-tumorigenic properties in various cancer types. However, the role of OSM in STSs has not yet been elucidated
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Research Progress on the Anticancer Molecular Mechanism of Targets Regulating Cell Autophagy Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Ting Zhang, Jia Yu, Sha Cheng, Ya Zhang, Chang-hua Zhou, Juan Qin, Heng Luo
Background: Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process that maintains cell homeostasis and survival. It occurs not only in normal cells such as cardiac muscle cells, neurons, and pancreatic acinar cells but also in various benign and malignant tumors. The abnormal level of intracellular autophagy is closely related to multiple pathophysiological processes, including aging, neurodegeneration
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Dantrolene Significantly Improves Cerebral Blood Flow in a Rat Model of Hemorrhagic Vasospasms Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-06
Introduction: A cerebral vasospasm (CVSP) is a potent vasoconstriction of the cerebral vasculature and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality following a subarachnoid hemorrhage. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is commonly affected by CVSPs. Concomitant administration of dantrolene and nimodipine synergistically reduces vasospasms in aortic rings from Sprague Dawley rats. To determine if the
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Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Atorvastatin-Treated Women with Euthyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-06 Robert Krysiak, Karolina Kowalcze, Bogusław Okopień
Introduction: Autoimmune thyroiditis seems to be associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. Statins, the mainstay of cardiovascular risk reduction and prevention, were found to reduce thyroid antibody titers. The aim of this study was to investigate plasma markers of cardiometabolic risk in statin-treated women with thyroid autoimmunity. Methods: We compared two matched groups of euthyroid women
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Rosuvastatin Potentiates Gonadotropin-Lowering Effects of Metformin in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-15 Robert Krysiak, Karolina Kowalcze, Bogusław Okopień
Introduction: Metformin reduces elevated levels of FSH and LH. In some studies, gonadotroph secretory function was inhibited by statins. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether statin therapy modulates the impact of metformin on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity in postmenopausal women. Methods: The study population included 60 postmenopausal women with prediabetes, 40 of
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Alkaloids in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal Root Extract Contribute to Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 Alessandro Orrù, Giorgio Marchese, Stefania Ruiu
The anti-inflammatory properties of the medicinal plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) are generally related to withanolides; consistently, several strategies are under investigation to increase the concentration of these compounds in WS extracts. However, a potential toxicity of withanolides has been highlighted, thus questioning the safety of such preparations. At variance, the relative contribution
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Myo-Inositol Potentiates the Inhibitory Effect of Metformin on Prolactin Levels Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-03 Robert Krysiak, Marcin Basiak, Witold Szkróbka, Bogusław Okopień
Introduction: Metformin was found to reduce elevated levels of anterior pituitary hormones. Its thyrotropin-lowering effect was more pronounced in individuals receiving myo-inositol. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the concomitant supplementation of myo-inositol determines the impact of metformin on prolactin levels. Methods: The study population consisted of two groups of women
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Experimental Investigations of Monomethyl and Dimethyl Fumarate in an Astrocyte-Microglia Co-Culture Model of Inflammation Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Franco Corvace, Timo Jendrik Faustmann, Sandra Heckers, Pedro M. Faustmann, Fatme Seval Ismail
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and monomethyl fumarate (MMF) belong to the disease-modifying drugs in treatment of MS. There is evidence that astrocytes and microglia are involved in MS pathology, but few studies are available about MMF and DMF effects on astrocytes and microglia
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Melatonin Supports the Survival of Cholinergic Neurons in Organotypic Brain Slices of the Basal Nucleus of Meynert Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Grazia Ilaria Caruso, Dhwani S. Korde, Christian Humpel
The nucleus basalis of Meynert (nBM) is the major source of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, which require nerve growth factor (NGF) for their survival. Melatonin, a pleiotropic hormone, has been shown to exert neuroprotection in several experimental models, but its effect on nBM neurons is not well known. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of melatonin in organotypic
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DPP4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Reduces Inflammatory Responses and Mast Cell Activation in Allergic Rhinitis Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Xiuying Sun, Yu Xu, Jinhui Zhou
Introduction: DPP4 is thought to be involved in certain immune processes and plays an important role in allergic reactions in the lungs. The effect of the DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin on the effector phase of allergic rhinitis (AR) in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice and on mast cell degranulation in vitro was assessed. Methods: The AR mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection combined
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Modulation of Neutrophil Function by Recombinant Human IgG1 Fc Hexamer in the Endogenous K/BxN Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-25 Ruqayyah J. Almizraq, Kayluz Frias Boligan, Bonnie J.B. Lewis, Selena Cen, Heather Whetstone, Rolf Spirig, Fabian Käsermann, Ian K. Campbell, Stephan von Gunten, Donald R. Branch
Introduction: Neutrophils are a pivotal cell type in the K/BxN mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis and play an essential role in the progression of the arthritis. They are readily activated by immune complexes (ICs) via their FcγRs to release IL-1β in addition to other cytokines, which are inducing cartilage destruction. Neutrophils also release neutrophil-active chemokines to recruit themselves in
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand 6-Formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole Promotes Estrogen Receptor Alpha and c-Fos Protein Degradation and Inhibits MCF-7 Cell Proliferation and Migration Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-19 José Cano-Sánchez, Fátima E. Murillo-González, Jannet de Jesús-Aguilar, María Asunción Cabañas-Cortés, Ana Carolina Tirado-Garibay, Guillermo Elizondo
Introduction: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the main cause of death among all neoplasia in this group. Luminal A breast cancer represents approximately 70% of all breast cancers and is treated with hormone therapies targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Unfortunately, patients develop drug resistance leading to recurrence of neoplasia due to estrogen-independent
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Erratum Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-19 S. von Gunten, Koji Takeuchi, Kent E. Vrana, Kazutaka Maeyama, Mel L. Billingsley, Josef Donnerer, Francis Colpaert, Saurabh Saha, Atsufumi Kawabata, Kuniaki Ishii, Keith K. Burkhart, P.A. Van Zwieten, Neil Kaplowitz, Keith Pennypacker, Benedict R. Lucchesi, Louis S. Harris, Norton H. Neff, C. Scarpignato, Walter E. Müller, Leslie Z. Benet, N. Starke, Melvin L. Billingsley, Koji Takeuchi, Christina
Pharmacology
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Metformin’s Role in Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis in ICU Patients: A Systematic Review Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-18 Livia Mueller, Michel Moser, Josef Prazak, Daniel G. Fuster, Joerg C. Schefold, Patrick Zuercher
Introduction: Metformin-treated patients may experience severe hyperlactatemia or lactic acidosis (LA). LA often requires intensive-care-unit (ICU) treatment, and mortality rates are high. Here, we investigate the impact of renal dysfunction and renal replacement therapy (RRT) on the outcomes of critically ill patients with metformin-associated LA (MALA). Furthermore, we assessed associations between
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Thrombolytic Agents for Pulmonary Embolism: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 Hong-Yan Li, Yong-Bo Wang, Xiang-Ying Ren, Jing Wang, Hai-Shan Wang, Ying-Hui Jin
Background: Thrombolytic agents and anticoagulants are the two classes of medication used in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). There is continuous renewal and iteration of thrombolytic agents, and the efficacy and adverse effects of different agents have different effects on PE due to their different mechanisms of action. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and
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Propofol Inhibits Biological Function of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through LINC00475-Mediated Sonic Hedgehog Pathway Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 JianE Wu, Fucheng Zhou, Shangshu Lai, Wenhua Wang, Ting Wu, Ying Liu, Li Yang
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most deadly cancer. Many signal pathways are implicated in HCC development, including sonic hedgehog (SHH). Propofol is an anesthetic commonly used in surgery. Recent studies have reported that propofol inhibits tumorigenesis and the development of HCC in a dose-dependent manner. The study aimed to identify the mechanism of how the propofol-mediated
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Inhibition of Kv7/M Channel Currents by Fangchinoline Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Han Li, DanDan Geng, Rong Zheng, Runmeng Wang, Yaning Li, Yidong Liu, Qingzhong Jia, Fan Zhang
Introduction: Voltage-gated Kv7/M potassium channels play an essential role in the control of membrane potential and neuronal excitability. Fangchinoline, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, displays extensive biological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertension effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of fangchinoline on Kv7/M channels. Methods: A perforated
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Oral Administration of Artemisia argyi Polysaccharide Increases Estrogen Level and Maintains Blood Lipid Homeostasis in Ovariectomized Rats Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Pengfei Zhang, Huimin Sun, Dexin Yang, Yuanyuan Wang, Jiejuan Cheng, Changchun Zeng
Introduction: Artemisia argyi polysaccharide (AAP) has a beneficial effect on menstruation-related symptoms and the potential regulation of lipid metabolism. It is expected to be a safe and effective ingredient for estrogen deficiency and lipid metabolic disorders. Here, we investigate the effect of AAP on body weight gain, estrogen level, and blood lipid changes in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methods:
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Optimal Antithrombotic Regimen in Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: The Gordian Knot? Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Shazia Afzal, Lisa Dannenberg, Dominika Kanschik, Malte Kelm, Tobias Zeus, Amin Polzin
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is an option to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and high bleeding risk. However, device-related thrombosis (DRT) post LAAO is feared as complication. Simard et al. found a very high incidence of DRT compared to other trials. However, antithrombotic regimen and used devices have not been compared between studies. We compared
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Osimertinib in the Treatment of EGFR Mutation-Positive Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Jie Pan, Xiaoping Cai, Zhuo Cao, Jiongwei Pan, Hao Zheng
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of generally reported lung cancer patients. Objectives: This is a systematic review of the clinical efficacy and safety of osimertinib in treating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Methods: A network search was completed for clinical research literature (from inception of each database to May
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Acknowledgement to Referees Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-02
Pharmacology 2022;107:629–630
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Novel Treatment Options in Metastatic Esophageal Carcinoma: Checkpoint Inhibitors in Combination Therapies Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-02 Capucine Casari, Rene Novysedlak, Jiri Vachtenheim Jr., Robert Lischke, Zuzana Strizova
Background: Metastatic esophageal carcinoma (EC) has a poor prognosis and only limited treatment options. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the treatment of a broad spectrum of cancers, patients with EC mostly fail to respond to this treatment. For that reason, it is crucial to understand the immune phenotype of each cancer patient and moreover, to understand how different therapies
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High On-Treatment Platelet Reactivity: Aspirin versus Clopidogrel Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-12-02 René M’Pembele, Samantha Ahlbrecht, Carolin Helten, Philipp Mourikis, David Naguib, Saif Zako, Kajetan Trojovsky, Ragnar Huhn, Tobias Petzold, Thomas Hohlfeld, Tobias Zeus, Malte Kelm, Lisa Dannenberg, Amin Polzin
Background: Antithrombotic regimen in patients on oral anticoagulation (OAC) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is challenging. At least, one antiplatelet agent in combination with OAC is recommended after PCI for 6–12 months. Clopidogrel is used most frequently in this setting. However, data comparing P2Y12 inhibition with clopidogrel versus cyclooxygenase inhibition by acetylsalicylic
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Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Flavonoids in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Pharmacology (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Peng Peng, Junrong Zou, Bin Zhong, Guoxi Zhang, Xiaofeng Zou, Tianpeng Xie
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and potentially fatal complication encountered during a variety of kidney surgeries. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the predominant mechanism of AKI in this setting. Hence, controlling I/R injury is a key research imperative as it is directly related to the prognosis of patients. Summary: In the last decade, studies in vitro and in animal