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Letter from the Guest Editor- Perspectives in Radiology Practice: Challenges and Opportunities Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Humberto Morales
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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Healthcare and Academic Radiology: A Critical Examination of Demographic Disparities in 2023 Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Kwaku Obeng
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Training the New Radiologists: Approaches for Education Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Lauren Penn, Edwarda D. Golden, Courtney Tomblinson, Mark Sugi, Joshua P. Nickerson, Ryan B. Peterson, Stefan Tigges, Tabassum A. Kennedy
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Event-Based Learning & Improvement: Radiology’s Move from Peer Review to Peer Learning Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Lane F. Donnelly, Carolina V. Guimaraes
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State of Academic Radiology: Current Challenges, Future Adaptations Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 M. Elizabeth Oates, Manuel L. Brown, David L. Coy, Jules H. Sumkin
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Lung, Pleura, and Diaphragm POCUS Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Or Bruck, Aamer Naofal, Mourad H. Senussi
Thoracic Ultrasonography involves the ultrasonographic examination of the lungs, pleura, and diaphragm. This provides a plethora of clinical information during the point of care assessment of patients. The air filled lungs create consistent artefacts and careful examination and understanding of these artefactual signs can provide useful information on underlying clinicopathologic states. This review
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Letter from the Guest Editors Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 José L. Díaz-Gómez, Mourad H. Senussi
Abstract not available
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Critical Care Echocardiography: Assessing Left and Right Ventricular Function in the Intensive Care Unit Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Pedro Salinas, Vladyslav Dieiev
In this review we explore Left Ventricular (LV) and Right Ventricular (RV) parameters that intensivists can use to evaluate, manage, and monitor the critically ill. Understanding these parameters, their clinical relevance, and potential pitfalls, is crucial for thorough and accurate patient assessment and management. Critical Care Echocardiography encompasses all the advanced cardiac and non-cardiac
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Ultrasound in Aesthetics: Filler and Non-Filler Applications Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Fernanda Aquino Cavallieri, Laila Klotz de Almeida Balassiano, Gabriela Munhoz, Maria Fernanda Tembra, Ximena Wortsman
Ultrasound in aesthetics presents multiple applications in several areas, including diagnosing fillers and non-fillers complications, the performance of ultrasound-guided injections in real-time, and identifying the most common types of cosmetic fillers. Furthermore, this application of ultrasound in aesthetics has become a must for managing aesthetic patients because, to date, this modality is the
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Essential POCUS Insights for 2024 Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Yangseon Park, Jeong Han, Scott Leikin, José L. Díaz-Gómez
To assess POCUS in 2024, we should start by defining its expanded scope and integration into general and specialty practice. Clinicians should abide by the evolving evidence for POCUS utilization and patient outcomes different from mortality and morbidity, especially as there are notable advancements in handheld ultrasound technology with a clear shift from capability to portability. To reduce diagnostic
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Neuro POCUS Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Erika J. Sigman, Fahad J. Laghari, Aarti Sarwal
As the scope of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) expands in clinical medicine, its application in neurological applications offers a non-invasive, bedside diagnostic tool. With historical insights, detailed techniques and clinical applications, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of neurology-based POCUS. It examines the applications, emphasizing its role when traditional neuroimaging is
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An Echocardiographic Approach for the Management of Shock: The STARS-CRASH Protocol Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Sara Nikravan, Nibras Bughrara, John Klick, Michael J. Lanspa, Lisa Rapoport, José Díaz-Gomez
Point of care ultrasound has become an integral part of critical care medicine, particularly for recognizing shock etiologies and guiding management. Most of the current ultrasonography guided shock protocols have been tailored towards a qualitative assessment of patients on presentation with shock. Unfortunately, the evolving nature of shock, particularly in the face of resuscitation and physiologic
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Point-of-Care Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Pericardium Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Amy Butcher, Cesar Castillo
Acute pericardial conditions such as tamponade are often rapidly progressive and can become life-threatening without timely diagnosis and intervention. In this review, we aim to describe bedside ultrasonographic evaluation of the pericardium and diagnostic criteria for tamponade, identify confounders in the diagnosis of pericardial tamponade, and delineate procedural details of ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis
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Ultrasound of Nails: Why, How, When Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Estêvão A T Vargas, Vanessa M L Finato, Luna Azulay-Abulafia, Andreia Leverone, Robertha Nakamura, Ximena Wortsman
Nail disorders are frequently a challenge to diagnose correctly only based on clinical findings. Moreover, biopsies may leave scars due to damage to the nail matrix. Currently, high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) with probes >15 MHz is the first-choice imaging technique to study the nail. Compared with other imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), HFUS has
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Point-of-Care-Ultrasound in Pediatrics: A Review and Update Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Saul Flores, Erik Su, Justin M. Moher, Adam C. Adler, Alan F. Riley
Point-Of-Care-Ultrasound (POCUS) has encountered a tremendous expansion in patient care. POCUS has taken a central role during invasive procedures. POCUS has expanded to most subspecialties from adult to pediatric and neonatal health care. POCUS in pediatrics has also become part of specific critical situations such as myocardial function assessment during cardiac arrest, ECMO deployment and neurological
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Point of Care Abdominal Ultrasound Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Jia Jian Li, Zachary Boivin, Sonali Bhalodkar, Rachel Liu
Abdominal pain is a common emergency department complaint, and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) of the abdomen is increasingly being utilized to evaluate clinical manifestations. It aids in accurate diagnoses and assists in procedures, particularly in emergency and critical care settings. Imaging is often required to confirm the etiology of abdominal pain. POCUS provides the benefit of avoiding radiation
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Alternative cardiac point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) views Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Jan Kasal, Amjad Musleh, Shawn Hassani, Brandon Chaffay
Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) and critical care echocardiography (CCE) is increasingly being used in intensive care units (ICUs). POCUS and CCE may be limited in some ICU patients because of inadequate information from standard echocardiographic windows. At the same time, data from POCUS and CCE in ICU may be critical to managing patients with cardiorespiratory failure. Alternative echocardiographic
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ULTRASOUND OF BENIGN CUTANEOUS TUMORS AND PSEUDOTUMORS: THE KEY LESIONS Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Luciana Zattar, Ximena Wortsman
Benign cutaneous tumors are commonly seen in daily practice. Most of these lesions are diagnosed based on clinical appearance, but in some cases, clinical findings are nonspecific. A diagnostic imaging exam is indicated to provide additional information, and the first choice for studying dermatologic lesions is a high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound, a noninvasive technique that can play a relevant
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How to Start on Dermatologic Ultrasound: Basic Anatomical Concepts, Guidelines, Technical Considerations, and Best Tips Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Claudia Gonzalez, Ximena Wortsman
Dermatologic ultrasound has grown exponentially during the last decades and has passed from the experimental phase to the routine daily practice in multiple countries. The performance of this imaging technique requires color Doppler ultrasound devices working with high-frequency probes, a trained operator on imaging and dermatologic conditions, and the performance of standardized protocols for obtaining
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Training, Competency, and Interdisciplinary Collaboration in POCUS Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Nova Panebianco, Cameron Baston
Point-of-care ultrasound can provide critical diagnostic information and add to procedural safety. As with any clinical skill, however, it must be applied by an adequately trained provider, with systems to ensure safety. Training can include a mix of hands-on training with traditional didactics, online coursework, and simulation, but each carries its own costs and benefits worth of review. Following
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Role of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Cutaneous Inflammatory Conditions Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Ximena Wortsman
Inflammatory cutaneous diseases can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Nowadays, the anatomical information provided by ultrasound is critical for detecting subclinical alterations and assessing the severity and activity of these conditions. Many of these entities can be clinically observed in dermatology and other specialties such as rheumatology, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology
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ULTRASOUND OF SKIN CANCER: WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Orlando Catalano, Antonio Corvino
Ultrasound (US) is an imaging technique that can provide critical anatomical information about malignant skin tumors that cannot be deducted by clinical examination, dermoscopy, or even biopsy. This data can support detecting and assessing the extent of the primary tumor and its differential diagnosis, surgical planning, and locoregional staging. Moreover, this non-invasive technique can help to follow-up
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Bedside Ultrasound: The Silent Guardian for Upper Airway Assessment and Management Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Marvin G Chang, Lorenzo Berra, Edward A. Bittner
Ultrasound evaluation of the upper airway has emerged as an essential instrument for clinicians, offering real-time assessment that can help to guide interventions and improve patient outcomes. This review aims to provide health care providers with a practical approach to performing ultrasound evaluation of the upper airway, covering basic physics relevant to upper airway ultrasound, the identification
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Letter from the Guest Editor Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ximena Wortsman
Abstract not available
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Chronic Pelvic Pain: Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Raj Mohan Paspulati
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women is not uncommon, and it may be difficult to identify the exact cause difficult to manage. It is major health problem for women that affects the quality of their daily lives. The etiology of chronic pelvic pain may be of gynecological or non-gynecological origin and associated with several predisposing and precipitating factors. Psychological and social factors also
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Letter From the Guest Editor Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Mahesh Shetty
Abstract not available
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Imaging of a Pelvic Mass: Uterine Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Mahesh Shetty
The most common origin of a non-uterine pelvic mass is from the ovary. Ultrasound is the initial imaging modality of choice, additional imaging with computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed in selected cases. Adnexal masses are also encountered as incidental findings during ultrasound, CT or MRI. Many of the adnexal masses that are surgically removed are benign
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Acute Pelvic Pain: Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Mahesh Shetty
Acute pelvic pain is defined as a new symptom that has been present for less than 3 months. It is a common symptom seen in 15%-24% of women and is the indication for 20% of laparoscopies and 2%-10% of outpatient gynecologic visits. The pregnancy status and correlation of the physical symptoms with clinical findings are important. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice, not only to diagnose gynecological
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Post-Menopausal Bleeding: Role of Imaging Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Sandra Hurtado, Mahesh K. Shetty
Post-menopausal bleeding (PMB) accounts for 5% of gynecologic office visits and is the presenting symptom in 90% of women with endometrial cancer, which requires prompt evaluation. The most common etiology of PMB is vaginal or endometrial atrophy and endometrial polyps, while endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma account for less than 10% of PMB. Transvaginal ultrasonography measurement of an endometrial
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Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Reproductive Age Women: Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Sheila Hill, Mahesh K. Shetty
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics as bleeding from the uterine corpus that is abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration and occurs in the absence of pregnancy. AUB is a common condition that affects about a third of women in their lifetime. Abnormal bleeding in duration, quantity, or timing consists of 2 categories,
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US, MRI, CT Performance and Interpretation of Uterine Masses Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Mamie Gao, Priya Bhosale, Catherine Devine, Sarah Palmquist, Sanaz Javadi
Uterine masses are commonly encountered as incidental findings during cross-sectional imaging or when individuals present with symptoms such as pain and bleeding. The World Health Organization categorizes tumors of the uterine corpus into 5 distinct groups: endometrial epithelial tumors and their precursors, tumor-like growths, mesenchymal uterine tumors, tumors with a combination of epithelial and
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Letter From the Guest Editor Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Fabiano Reis
Abstract not available
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Three-Dimensional CT and 3D MRI of Hip- Important Aids to Hip Preservation Surgery Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Ajit Kohli, Shuda Xia, Joel E Wells, Avneesh Chhabra
Common hip internal derangements include femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) dysplasia, and avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. These are initially screened by radiographs. For preoperative planning of hip preservation, 3-dimensional (3D) CT is commonly performed to assess bony anatomy and its alterations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to evaluate
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Imaging of the Ankle Ligaments and Cartilage Injuries as an Aid to Ankle Preservation Surgery Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-08 Zohaib Y. Ahmad, Michael J. Rasiej
Ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries and can lead to ankle ligament and cartilage injuries. Imaging plays an important role in differentiating ligament injuries from other causes of ankle pain such as fractures, osteochondral lesions or tendon injuries that helps guide further management. Chronic untreated ankle ligamentous and cartilage injuries can further progress to
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Neuropathy Score Reporting and Data System (NS‐RADS): A Practical Review of MRI-Based Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-08 Atul K. Taneja, Avneesh Chhabra
The Neuropathy Score Reporting and Data System (NS-RADS) is a newly developed MR imaging-based classification that standardizes reporting and multidisciplinary communication for MR imaging diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral neuropathies. NS-RADS classification has shown to be accurate and reliable across different centers, readers' experience levels, and degrees of peripheral neuropathies, which
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Letter From the Guest Editors Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-07 Gitanjali Bajaj, Tarun Pandey
Abstract not available
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Anatomy and Imaging of the Spinal Cord: An Overview Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-07 Túlio de Almeida Hermes, Vinicius de Menezes Jarry, Fabiano Reis, Elaine Minatel
The spinal cord comprises the part of the central nervous system located within the vertebral canal, extending from the foramen magnum to approximately the second lumbar vertebra. The spinal cord is covered by 3 meninges: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater (arranged from the outermost layer inward). A cross-section of the spinal cord reveals gray and white matter. Ascending and descending pathways
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Anatomy and Biomechanics of Lower Extremity Tendons: Imaging Implications Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Shruti Kumar, Shilpa Mohanan, Ahamed Lazim Vattoth, Gitanjali Bajaj, Tarun Pandey
A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of muscle fibers and tendons is crucial to comprehend their functions. The orientation of tendon fibers plays a significant role in the pathologies that affect them and the resulting functional impairments. In this review, we provide detailed information on the origin, insertion, and fiber orientation of selected muscles and tendons, as
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Cruciate and Collateral Ligaments: 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional MR Imaging—Aid to Knee Preservation Surgery Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Gaurav Cheraya, Avneesh Chhabra
Being a major load-bearing and dynamic functional joint of the body, the knee joint is prone to injuries to the menisci and ligaments. Injury to one or more of these structures leads to accelerated or premature osteoarthritis and chronic debilitation. The estimated cost of these injuries in terms of diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and person-hours lost amounts to over a billion dollars annually
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Imaging Peripheral Nerve Injuries of the Lower Extremities: What Surgeons Need to Know Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Kimberly K. Amrami, Akriti Khanna, Matthew A. Frick, Robert J. Spinner
Peripheral nerve injury is a common sequela of lower extremity trauma. Injuries to lower extremity nerves range from contusions and stretch injuries that will often resolve without interventions to traumatic disruptions requiring surgical procedures, including neurolysis, repair or even nerve grafting. While clinical examination and tools such as electromyography will often help to localize the site
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The Role of MRI in the Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Tumors Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Jean L.R. de Paiva, João V. Sabino, Fernanda V. Pereira, Paulo A. Okuda, Luciano de Lima Villarinho, Luciano de Souza Queiroz, Marcondes C. França, Fabiano Reis
Spinal cord tumors are uncommon, and its multiple representatives not always have pathognomonic characteristics, which poses a challenge for both patients and caring physicians. The radiologist performs an important role in recognizing these tumors, as well as in differentiating between neoplastic and non-neoplastic processes, supporting clinical and surgical decision-making in patients with spinal
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Advanced Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spinal Cord: Technical Aspects and Clinical Use Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Lucas de M.T. Branco, Thiago J.R. Rezende, Fabiano Reis, Marcondes C. França
For a long time, technical obstacles have hampered the acquisition of high-resolution images and the development of reliable processing protocols for spinal cord (SC) MRI. Fortunately, this scenario has changed in the past 5-10 years, due to hardware and software improvements. Nowadays, with advanced protocols, SC MRI is considered a useful tool for several inherited and acquired neurologic diseases
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Imaging Aspects of Toxic and Metabolic Myelopathies Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Diogo Goulart Corrêa, Luiz Celso Hygino da Cruz, Antônio José da Rocha, Felipe Torres Pacheco
Metabolic and toxic myelopathies usually occurs due to several different causes. Metabolic myelopathy usually occurs due to deficiency of a nutrient, such as vitamin B12. Toxic myelopathy occurs secondary to the exposure to an external toxic agent. Although they may have a difficult diagnosis, determination of the specific cause of myelopathy is of utmost importance, because many causes are amenable
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The Role of MRI in Differentiating Demyelinating and Inflammatory (not Infectious) Myelopathies Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 João Vitor Gerdulli Tamanini, João Vitor Sabino, Rafael Alves Cordeiro, Vanessa Mizubuti, Luciano de Lima Villarinho, Juliana Ávila Duarte, Fernanda Veloso Pereira, Simone Appenzeller, Alfredo Damasceno, Fabiano Reis
Demyelinating and inflammatory myelopathies represent a group of diseases with characteristic patterns in neuroimaging and several differential diagnoses. The main imaging patterns of demyelinating myelopathies (multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related disorder) and inflammatory myelopathies
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Infectious Myelitis Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Isabeli Camila Miyoshi, André Henrique Nogueira de Toledo, Fernanda Veloso Pereira, Luciano de Lima Villarinho, Mariana Dalaqua, Juliana de Ávila Duarte, Fabiano Reis
Myelitis is an extensive group of pathologies, including inflammatory, demyelinating, and infectious disorders, sometimes mimicking tumors. This article will discuss infectious myelitis, mainly the patterns of spinal cord involvement caused by each infectious agent and the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging as a major tool to establish the specific diagnosis.
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Vascular Myelopathies Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Igor Gomes Padilha, Ana Paula Alves Fonseca, Camila Trolez Amancio, Ana Patrícia Freitas Vieira, Felipe Torres Pacheco, Antônio José da Rocha
There are many vascular disorders that can affect the spinal cord, and their prevalence and etiology are highly influenced by age, sex, and risk factors. This article reviews the embryology and anatomy of the spinal cord, as well as several vascular conditions, describing their clinical and imaging presentation, emphasizing the different imaging modalities’ contributions to increasing specificity and
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Role of MRI in the Assessment of Cervical Cancer Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-28 Giuseppe Lo Re, Giuseppe Cucinella, Giulia Zaccaria, Agata Crapanzano, Sergio Salerno, Antonio Pinto, Antonio Lo Casto, Vito Chiantera
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and it is divided into 2 main histological types: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Extension of disease as well as the presence of metastases define the prognosis of patients. Accurate tumor staging at diagnosis is essential for adequate planning for treatment. There are several classifications of cervical cancer, and the most used
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New Frontiers in Oncological Imaging With Computed Tomography: From Morphology to Function Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Andrea Agostini, Alessandra Borgheresi, Francesco Mariotti, Letizia Ottaviani, Marina Carotti, Marco Valenti, Andrea Giovagnoni
The latest evolutions in Computed Tomography (CT) technology have several applications in oncological imaging. The innovations in hardware and software allow for the optimization of the oncological protocol. Low-kV acquisitions are possible thanks to the new powerful tubes. Iterative reconstruction algorithms and artificial intelligence are helpful for the management of image noise during image reconstruction
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Letter From the Guest Editor Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Antonio Pinto
Abstract not available
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The Vestibulocochlear Nerve: Anatomy and Pathology Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-22 Diogo Goulart Corrêa, Luiz Celso Hygino da Cruz, Tomás de Andrade Lourenção Freddi
The vestibulocochlear nerve is the eighth cranial nerve, entering the brainstem in the medullopontine sulcus after crossing the internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle cistern. It is a purely sensitive nerve, originating from the Scarpa's and spiral ganglions, responsible for balance and hearing. It has 6 nuclei located in the lower pons. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for evaluating
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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Diagnosis, Follow-up and Role of Radiomics in a Single Center Experience Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 Francesca Giudice, Sergio Salerno, Giuseppe Badalamenti, Gianluca Muto, Antonio Pinto, Massimo Galia, Francesco Prinzi, Salvatore Vitabile, Giuseppe Lo Re
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arise from the interstitial cells of Cajal in the gastrointestinal tract and are the most common intestinal tumors. Usually GISTs are asymptomatic, especially small tumors that may not cause any symptoms and may be found accidentally on abdominal CT scans. Discovering of inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases has changed the outcome of patients with high-risk
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Dual Energy CT in Oncology: Benefits for Both Patients and Radiologists From an Emerging Quantitative and Functional Diagnostic Technique Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 Susanna Guerrini, Giulio Bagnacci, Armando Perrella, Nunzia Di Meglio, Cristian Sica, Maria Antonietta Mazzei
Dual-energy CT (DECT) imaging makes it possible to identify the characteristics of materials that cannot be recognized with conventional single-energy CT (SECT). In the postprocessing study phase, virtual monochromatic images and virtual-non-contrast (VNC) images, also permits reduction of dose exposure by eliminating the precontrast acquisition scan. Moreover, in virtual monochromatic images, the
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Morphological and Functional Neuroradiology of Brain Metastases Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Irene Grazzini, Duccio Venezia, Davide Del Roscio, Ivano Chiarotti, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Alfonso Cerase
Neuroimaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and differentiation of brain metastases (BM) in patients with known or unknown malignancies. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the key imaging modalities used in the detection of BM. Advanced imaging techniques including proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, magnetic resonance perfusion, diffusion weighted imaging, and diffusion
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Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What's New? Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-12 Giulia Grazzini, Giuditta Chiti, Giulia Zantonelli, Benedetta Matteuzzi, Silvia Pradella, Vittorio Miele
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and is one of the uppermost 2 causes of cancer death. About 70%-90% of HCCs develop within a cirrhotic liver. According to the most recent guidelines, the imaging characteristics of HCC on contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are generally satisfactory to make a diagnosis. Recently, new advanced
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The Role of Dual-Energy CT in the Study of Urinary Tract Tumors: Review of Recent Literature Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Antonio Galluzzo, Ginevra Danti, Eleonora Bicci, Matteo Mastrorosato, Elena Bertelli, Vittorio Miele
Urothelial cancers are often detected incidentally because of an exponential growth in medical cross-sectional imaging. Nowadays there is the need for improved lesion characterization to distinguish clinically significant tumors from benign conditions. The gold standard for diagnosis of bladder cancer is cystoscopy, while for upper tract urothelial cancer computed tomographic urography and flexible
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Advances in Imaging Guidance During Percutaneous Ablation of Renal Tumors Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Carolina Lanza, Serena Carriero, Pierpaolo Biondetti, Salvatore Alessio Angileri, Gianpaolo Carrafiello, Anna Maria Ierardi
Currently, minimally invasive ablative techniques for the treatment of renal tumors have become a more common and feasible treatment option. New imaging technologies have been implemented and successfully merged with each other to improve the guidance of tumor ablation. In the present review, an overview of the real-time fusion of multiple imaging modalities, robotic and electromagnetic navigation
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Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging in Rectal Cancer Restaging Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-03 Vincenza Granata, Roberta Fusco, Sergio Venazio Setola, Diletta Cozzi, Daniela Rega, Antonella Petrillo
The assessment of tumor response, after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (n-CRT), permits the stratification of patients for the proper therapeutical management. Although histopathology analysis of the surgical speciemen is considered the gold standard for assessing tumor response, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with its significant developments in technical imaging, have allowed an increase in accuracy
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Conventional and Advanced MRI Techniques in the Evaluation of Primary CNS Lymphoma Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Raffaella Capasso, Alberto Negro, Camilla Russo, Fabio Zeccolini, Gianluca Muto, Ferdinando Caranci, Antonio Pinto
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that accounts for 1%-5% of all central nervous system tumors. Contrast-enhanced MR is the imaging technique of choice. PCNLs have a predilection for the periventricular and superficial regions, often abutting the ventricular or meningeal surfaces. Although PCNLs may have characteristic imaging features
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Imaging of the Hip Prior to Replacement: What the Surgeon Wants to Know Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 Philip G. Colucci, Brian P. Chalmers, Theodore T. Miller
Total hip arthroplasty is an effective treatment for severe degenerative arthritis and is increasingly being used. Radiography is the primary modality for the initial diagnosis of osteoarthritis and preoperative planning. Additional radiographic views may include the spine and lower extremities in order to optimize implant positioning for the individual patient. Computed tomography is sometimes used
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2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional MR Imaging-Aid to Knee Preservation Surgery: Focus on Meniscus and Articular Cartilage Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI (IF 1.1) Pub Date : 2023-02-02 Atul K. Taneja, Avneesh Chhabra
With an increasing life expectancy of global human population, there is a growing demand for preservation of native articular meniscus and cartilage to delay joint arthroplasties, especially in younger and active patients. Since damage to the meniscus and hyaline cartilage of the knee have limited intrinsic capacity to heal, such lesions lead to premature and/or accelerated osteoarthritis. However