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Selective laser trabeculoplasty: An updated narrative review Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Arun Narayanaswamy, Shana R Sood, Sahil Thakur
Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) has experienced a resurgence in interest, primarily driven by promising findings from the Laser in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Trial. By offering SLT as an initial drug-free treatment option, we may be able to thwart issues such as adherence and persistence that plague our current medical management protocols. In this comprehensive narrative review, we delve
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Comparative study of the outcomes of newly developed polypropylene-based modified trabeculectomy and glaucoma shunt surgery in neovascular glaucoma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Tania Ray Bhadra, Rudra Prosad Ghosh, Ankita Mitra, Kumar Saurabh, Salil Kumar Mandal, Asim Kumar Ghosh
Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a secondary glaucoma with a poor visual prognosis. Trabeculectomy with antifibrotic agents, glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs), and cyclo-destructive procedures are recommended in patients who are refractory to medical management. However, due to the poor success rate of conventional trabeculectomy and the higher cost of GDDs, alternative procedures need to
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Preventing the Argentinian flag sign and managing anterior capsular tears: A review Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Stephen A LoBue, Allison E Rizzuti, Curtis R Martin, Sinan A Albear, Ekjyot S Gill, Christopher L Shelby, Wyche T III Coleman, Edward F Smith
The Argentinian flag sign (AFS) is a feared complication during cataract extraction. Intralenticular pressures, especially excessive posterior pressure, have been identified as potential mechanisms for capsular stress and tearing associated with AFS. Capsular tension is created by positive intralenticular pressures, which cause the irido-lens diaphragm to move anteriorly once the manual capsulorhexis
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Comparison of visual outcomes in patients implanted with Tecnis Eyhance ICB00 and 1-Piece ZCB00 monofocal intraocular lenses Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Gagandeep Singh, K S Sidhharthan, Jagadeesh K Reddy, Vandana Sundaram, Mithun Thulasidas
Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes and monocular defocus curve of a new monofocal Tecnis Eyhance IOL (Tecnis ICB00) with Tecnis 1 single piece (ZCB00). Methods: Eighty patients diagnosed with cataract were divided into two groups: Tecnis ICB00 (n = 40) and ZCB00 (n = 40). The visual outcome was evaluated using the following parameters: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), uncorrected intermediate
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Assessment of corneal parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Dilek Özkaya, Atalay Doğru, Tuba Baykal
Purpose: To assess the corneal parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods: We enrolled 64 patients with RA (32 receiving biologic and 32 receiving conventional drugs) and 32 healthy subjects. Keratometric values (anterior flat [K1], steep [K2], and mean keratometry [Km]), corneal thickness from the pupil center (CCT), apex (ACT), and the thinnest point (TCT), and corneal volume (CV)
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Evaluation of the macular sensitivity and retinal ganglion cell layer in unilateral amblyopia Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Nilay Çiçek, Bengi Demirayak, Fadime U Yigit
Purpose: To assess macular sensitivity and fixation pattern obtained by microperimetry and ganglion cell complex (GCC) obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in cases with unilateral amblyopia and to compare with control. Methods: The study was conducted with 30 patients with amblyopia, aged 5–18 years, and 30 control eyes of healthy children in the same age group. Participants underwent
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Evaluation of the effect of artificial tears on corneal epithelial thickness changes after photorefractive keratectomy Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Mehdi Khodaparast, Renato Jr Ambrósio, Hooman Ahmadzadeh, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad, Maryam Mohammadzadeh, Samaneh Azizi, Seyed Farzad Mohammadi, Hesam Hashemian
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the corneal epithelial thickness changes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and the impact of long-term artificial tear usage on epithelial thickness changes in these patients. Methods: This study was performed on 71 patients (142 eyes) without dry eye disease who received PRK for myopic refractive correction. The corneal epithelial thickness profile was
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Clinical profile, demographic distribution, and management of Posner–Schlossman syndrome: An electronic medical record-driven data analytics from an eye care network in India Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Gazella B Warjri, Anthony V Das, Sirisha Senthil
Purpose: To describe the clinical profile, demographics, and management of Posner–Schlossman syndrome (PSS) in patients presenting to a multitier ophthalmology hospital network in India. Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 3,082,727 new patients presenting between August 2010 and December 2021. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of PSS in at least one eye were included as
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Wound modulation in glaucoma surgery: The role of anti-scarring agents Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Srinivasan Kavitha, S Usha Tejaswini, Rengaraj Venkatesh, Nazlee Zebardast
Filtration surgery is one of the most frequently performed surgeries in the management of glaucoma, and trabeculectomy is considered the gold standard surgical technique for the same. Though trabeculectomy has been reported to have an excellent initial success rate, about 30% of them fail in 3 years, and nearly 50% of them fail in 5 years. The most significant risk of failure still seems to be wound
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In vivo identification of angle dysgenesis and its relation to genetic markers associated with glaucoma using artificial intelligence Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Viney Gupta, Shweta Birla, Toshit Varshney, Bindu I Somarajan, Shikha Gupta, Mrinalini Gupta, Arnav Panigrahi, Abhishek Singh, Dinesh Gupta
Purpose: To predict the presence of angle dysgenesis on anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (ADoA) by using deep learning (DL) and to correlate ADoA with mutations in known glaucoma genes. Participants: In total, 800 high-definition anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images were included, of which 340 images were used to build the machine learning (ML) model. Images
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Natural course of non-center-involving diabetic macular edema progression in patients under initial observation Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Divya Pradhana, N Swathi Priya, George J Manayath, Sucheta Kulkarni, Umesh C Behera, Tushar Agarwal, Manisha Agarwal, Shalin Shah, A Giridhar, Janani Surya, Kim Ramasamy, TP Vignesh, Sivaprasad Shoba, Muna Bhende, Rajiv Raman
Purpose: We aim to report the natural course of non-center involving diabetic macular edema (NCIDME) progression to center involving diabetic macular edema (CIDME) and associated risk factors. Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective comparative study. Data was collected from electronic medical records from 8 centers in India covering. We included patients with type 2 diabetes above 18 years
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Scleral collagen cross linkage in progressive myopia Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Ziaul H Yasir, Rakesh Sharma, Shaik M Zakir
High myopia is often associated with local ectasia and scleral thinning. The progression of myopia depends upon scleral biochemical and biomechanical properties. Scleral thinning is associated with decreased collagen fiber diameter, defective collagen fibrillogenesis, and collagen cross-linking. Reversing these abnormalities may make the sclera tougher and might serve as a treatment option for myopic
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Surgical challenges of posterior optic capture in pediatric cataract surgery Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Jaspreet Sukhija, Savleen Kaur, Shagun Korla, Kiran Kumari
Purpose: The efficacy of posterior optic capture (POC) in reducing posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in pediatric cataract is well recognized. The purpose of this paper was to identify the surgical challenges when attempting this technique and highlight the etiquettes to follow when performing this maneuver. Methods: Prospective observational noncomparative case series. Children diagnosed with
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Clinical results after binocular implantation of a unique nondiffractive enhanced monofocal intraocular lens designed for enhanced monovision to increase the depth of focus Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Nivean Madhivanan, Pratheeba D Nivean, V G Madanagopalan, Shanmuga Priya, Nishanth Madhivanan, M Arthi
Purpose: To provide the reports of a pilot study to assess the visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity with RayOne enhanced monovision (EMV), a unique nondiffractive enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) to increase the range of focus. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted by analyzing 25 patients (50 eyes) who had bilateral implantation of EMV IOL after cataract surgery
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Trends in keratoplasty from central and Northern India. Part I: Indications for keratoplasty Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Gautam Parmar, Samrat Chatterjee, Neha Kapur, Sharad N Gomase, Ashi Khurana, Prashant Borde, Manisha Acharya, Virendra S Sangwan, Atanu Majumdar
Purpose: To report the indications for keratoplasty and analyze trends in two decades in India. Methods: This was a retrospective review of eye bank registries of six tertiary eye care centers located in central and northern India from 2005 to 2021. The patterns of corneal pathology and changes in trends were analyzed. Results: Between 2005 and 2021, 13223 corneal grafts were performed in the six
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Long-term outcomes of tailored stromal expansion with refractive lenticule for crosslinking thin corneas Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Gitansha S Sachdev, Mithun Thulasidas, Mahipal S Sachdev
Purpose: To assess the long-term safety and stability of visual outcomes following the modified technique of collagen crosslinking (CXL) using refractive lenticule in eyes with thin corneas (<400 µm) and progressive keratoconus. Setting: A tertiary eye care hospital in India. Design: Prospective, interventional case series. Methods: Eyes with progressive keratoconus and thin corneas (<400 µm) underwent
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Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS): A review and update Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Lalit Verma, Anu Malik, Prafulla K Maharana, Tanuj Dada, Namrata Sharma
Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is an acute, sterile, postoperative inflammatory reaction of the anterior segment without vitreous involvement, following an uncomplicated and uneventful ocular surgery, having broad and multiple etiologies. The symptoms of decreased visual acuity and ocular discomfort generally occur within the first 12–48 h after intraocular surgery. The clinical signs include
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Ocular infections associated with atypical mycobacteria: A review Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Shilpa Das, Somasheila I Murthy, Tapas Ranjan Padhi, Himansu Sekhar Behera, Saumya Jakati, Savitri Sharma, Sujata Das
Atypical mycobacteria or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of acid-fast bacteria that are pathogenic to different parts of the eye. The organisms can cause a spectrum of ocular infections including keratitis, scleritis, uveitis, endophthalmitis and orbital cellulitis. Trauma, whether surgical or nonsurgical, has the highest correlation with development of this infection. Common surgeries
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Optimization of biometry for best refractive outcome in cataract surgery Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Vinita Gupta, Himani Pal, Saurabh Sawhney, Aashima Aggarwal, Murugesan Vanathi, Gaurav Luthra
High-precision biometry and accurate intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation have become essential components of cataract surgery. In clinical practice, IOL power calculation involves measuring parameters such as corneal power and axial length and then applying a power calculation formula. The importance of posterior corneal curvature in determining the true power of the cornea is increasingly being
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Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Shweta Agarwal, Bhaskar Srinivasan, Geetha Iyer, Sunita Pandey, Manokamna Agarwal, Richa Dhiman, Janani Surya, Appakkudal R Anand, Sankara Nethralaya Cornea Emergency Team (SNCET)
Purpose: To analyze the influence of infiltrate size, depth, and organism on the outcome of microbial keratitis. Design: Retrospective comparative study. Methods: Medical records of patients with infective keratitis, who reported from January 2015 to December 2019 to a tertiary eye care center, were analyzed. Size and depth of ulcer at presentation were the factors used to group patients, and the
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3D visualization system and standard operating microscope for ease of visualization and surgeon comfort during phacoemulsification surgery Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Naren Shetty, Aishwarya, Rohitha P Nayak, Luci Kaweri, Ravi Krishna Kanaradi, Anchana A Pisharody
Purpose: To compare the ease of visualization and comfort of the surgeon during phacoemulsification surgery using NGENUITY® 3D (NG) visualization system and standard operating microscope (SOM). Methods: In this prospective, randomized, single-blind, single-center study, patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery by one of the five surgeons were randomly assigned to two groups based on the visualization
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Flow capsulorhexis: A novel technique in white and hypermature cataracts Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Mithun Thulasidas, G Geetha
We described a novel “flow capsulorhexis” technique in white and hypermature cataracts and compared it with the standard “needle decompression capsulorhexis” technique. Six hundred and eight eyes of 420 patients with intumescent or non-intumescent mature white cataracts who had undergone phacoemulsification or manual small incision cataract surgery with “flow capsulorhexis” (Group 1) or “needle decompression
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Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC-SET): A step toward improved eye donation counseling Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Rakhi Nathawat, Javed Hussain Farooqui, Atanu Majumdar, Manisha Acharya
Purpose: The expansion of the Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme (HCRP) and the role of Eye Donation Counsellors (EDCs) have shown promising results in increasing donor cornea availability. To further enhance EDC competency and improve cornea availability for transplantation, the study proposes the Eye Donation Counsellor Skill Evaluation Tool (EDC‐SET). Key words: Competency assessment, corneal
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Evaluating the utility of inflammation score in post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. Results from a prospective study in India. EMS Report #4 Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Taraprasad Das, Akash Belenje, Joveeta Joseph, Suchita Pandey, Umesh Behera, Vivek Pravin Dave, on behalf of the EMS working group
Purpose: To investigate if inflammation score (IS), calculated from the cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and vitreous, indicates endophthalmitis severity. Methods: In a prospective study, consecutive adults with a clinical diagnosis of post-cataract endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of surgery were recruited. Patients were allocated to IS-based primary treatment (IS < 10: intravitreal injection and IS
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Digital eye strain among medical students associated with shifting to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Kavita R Bhatnagar, Shilpi G Dixit, Latika Pandey, Sujeet Prakash, Sakshi Shiromani, Kuldeep Singh
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, symptoms, and awareness of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 283 undergraduate medical students at a tertiary healthcare center. An electronic survey was conducted to collect the data. Data
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Keratoconus in India: Clinical presentation and demographic distribution based on big data analytics Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Anthony V Das, Rashmi S Deshmukh, Jagadesh C Reddy, Vineet P Joshi, Vivek M Singh, Pratik Y Gogri, Somasheila I Murthy, Sunita Chaurasia, Merle Fernandes, Aravind Roy, Sujata Das, Pravin K Vaddavalli
Purpose: This paper aims to describe the clinical presentation and demographic distribution of keratoconus (KCN) in India by analyzing the electronic medical records (EMR) of patients presenting at a multitier ophthalmology hospital network. Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included the data of 2,384,523 patients presenting between January 2012 and March 2020. Data were collected
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Short- to intermediate-term surgical outcome of Keiki Mehta valve implantation in refractory glaucoma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ankita Mitra, Tania Ray Bhadra
Background: Keiki Mehta body pressure (BP) valve is a glaucoma drainage device that works on the simple mechanism of body pressure. Purpose: To evaluate the short- to intermediate-term efficacy and safety of Keiki Mehta valve implantation in treating refractory glaucoma. Methods: This was a prospective, interventional, institution-based study. Adult patients (age >18 years) having refractory glaucoma
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Structure–function relationship and diagnostic value of macular ganglion cell complex measurement using Fourier-domain OCT in glaucoma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Kavita A Dhabarde, Rohit P Kende, Nisha V Rahul, Surabhi, Aditi R Nangare
Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between visual function and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness measured by Fourier–domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and evaluate the diagnostic value of GCC measurement compared to retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in detecting early, moderate, and severe glaucomas. Methods: Subjects underwent standard automated
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Primary congenital glaucoma: An iridotrabeculodysgenesis? Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ramanjit Sihota, Karthikeyan Mahalingam, Ashok Kumar Maurya, Ajay Sharma, Anand Naik Bukke, Tanuj Dada
Purpose: To analyze primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) anterior chamber and angle anomalies over 360° as possible biomarkers of severity and prognosis. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted analyzing anterior segment anomalies of PCG patients over 4 years of age who underwent trabeculectomy combined with trabeculotomy and age-matched controls using anterior segment optical coherence
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Histopathologic correlates of trabecular meshwork in microincisional trabeculectomy Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Aparna Rao
Purpose: To report the histopathologic correlates of trabecular meshwork (TM) specimens procured by microincisional trabeculectomy (MIT) for different severities of glaucoma (early glaucoma: visual field mean deviation [MD] <−6 dB, moderate glaucoma: MD from − 6 to − 12 dB, and advanced glaucoma: MD <−12 dB). Methods: TM specimens from four patients undergoing MIT with or without cataract surgery
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Evaluation of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in the diagnosis of pre-perimetric glaucoma and comparison to retinal nerve fiber layers Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Vineet K Yadav, Jagriti Rana, Arti Singh, Kamal J Singh, Santosh Kumar, Shivangi Singh
Purpose: Evaluation of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in the diagnosis of pre-perimetric glaucoma (PPG) and comparison to retinal nerve fiber layers. Methods: This study was a prospective hospital-based study. A total of 30 PPG and control patients were studied for retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex (GC-IPL) by spectral-domain
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Ocular surface changes in primary open-angle glaucoma on anti-glaucoma medications versus treatment-naïve patients Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Krati Srivastava, Kavita R Bhatnagar, Jyoti Shakrawal, Manjari Tandon, Kirti Jaisingh, Latika Pandey, Falguni Roy
Purpose: To examine the ocular surface disease in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients already on treatment versus POAG patients without treatment. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 120 eyes of 60 POAG patients: 60 treatment-naïve eyes (group I) and 60 eyes already on topical anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs) (group II). All patients had filled out the Ocular Surface Disease
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Outcome of manual small incision cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Naresh Desinayak, Navya Mannem, Amita Panda, Gayatri Kanungo, Sukhada Mishra, Santosh Kumar Mohapatra
Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the surgical outcome of manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and compare them with those of controls. Settings and Design: This prospective, observational, and comparative study included 150 cases of PXF with cataracts, 150 cases of PXG with cataracts, and 200 cases
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Trabeculectomy with concurrent intravitreal bevacizumab in neovascular glaucoma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Sardar M Khan, Aparna Rao
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of concurrent intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection with trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (MMC) in neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods: Patients with NVG who underwent trabeculectomy with concurrent IVB (group 1) and those who underwent IVB sequentially, followed by trabeculectomy with MMC (group 2) in 1–2 weeks between January 2021 and August 2022, were
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Factors affecting adherence to glaucoma medication: Patient perspective from North India Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Kirti Singh, Arshi Singh, Divya Jain, Vivek Verma
Purpose: Adherence to glaucoma medical therapy is a key factor in achieving target intraocular pressure to prevent glaucoma progression. To determine factors affecting medication adherence in glaucoma patients in an urban population belonging to poor socioeconomic status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients attending glaucoma services in a tertiary referral hospital of
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The outcomes of diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in refractory primary angle-closure glaucoma in a South Indian population Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Vidya Raja, Niranjana Balasubramaniam, Balagiri Sundar, Nimrita Nagdev
Background: The surgical intervention of refractory primary angle-closure glaucomas (PACGs) is a big challenge to any ophthalmologist since the efficacy of lens extraction in eyes with a long duration of angle closure is limited. Also, trabeculectomy in such eyes is not without vision-threatening complications. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation
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Comparison of the safety and efficacy of Mitomycin C 0.02% used intra-operatively by subconjunctival injection versus direct scleral application using sponges in phacotrabeculectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Nidhi Agarwal, Thuhin S Krishna, R Arathi Simha, Andrew D Braganza, Mahasampath Gowri, Lekha M Abraham
Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of subconjunctival injection (MMC: 0.02%) to those with subconjunctival application of sponges soaked in Mitomycin C (MMC: 0.02%) intra-operatively in patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy. Methods: A total of 68 patients undergoing phacotrabeculectomy were randomized into two groups; the sponge group received 0.02% MMC-soaked sponges (n = 38), and
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Bloodborne viral infections: Seroprevalence and relevance of preoperative screening in Indian eye care system – A retrospective study Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Anil B Gangwe, Samrat Chatterjee, Abhishek Singh, Deepshikha Agrawal, Diksha Rahangdale, Raj Vardhan Azad
Purpose: To report the seroprevalence of bloodborne viral infection (BBVI) in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgeries and assess the utility and feasibility of preoperative screening for BBVI in India’s current eye care system. Methods: This retrospective, hospital-based, descriptive study included data from patients undergoing preoperative screening for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus
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Conjunctiva in strabismus surgery – to stitch or to stick? – A randomized clinical trial Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Aishwarya R Kadam, V Rajesh Prabu, Jagadeesh K Reddy, Venu Muralidhar, Mithun Thulasidas
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes with fibrin glue in comparison with vicryl sutures for limbal conjunctival wound closure in strabismus surgery. Methods: In this prospective interventional study, patients undergoing horizontal muscle strabismus surgery were randomized into two groups: the vicryl suture group and the fibrin glue group. The limbal conjunctival incisions were closed with 8–0
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Clinical spectrum and clinicopathological correlation of pediatric orbital tumors: 20 years’ experience from a tertiary eye care center Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Vathsalya Vijay, Md. Shahid Alam, Nirmala Subramanian, Subramanian Krishnakumar, Jyotirmay Biswas, Bipasha Mukherjee
Purpose: To study the epidemiological profile of various pediatric orbital tumors and determine their clinicopathological correlation over 20 years. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients with orbital tumors from the medical records between 1995 and 2015 was done. Tumors were categorized based on their cellular origin. Demographic details, clinical and histopathological diagnoses
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Strategies for successful management of moderate and severe Mooren’s ulcer at a rural center during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learnt Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Raghav Preetam Peraka, Somasheila I Murthy, Varsha M Rathi
Purpose: This study aimed to report the strategies that evolved in managing Mooren’s ulcer (MU) at a resource-limited center in rural India during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This study includes a retrospective analysis of clinically diagnosed MU cases from January 2021 to August 2021 wherein strategies for management were developed. The demographic profile, ulcer clinical
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Comparison of pupil size in patients of migraine with photophobia versus normal subjects and correlation of the pupil size to severity of headache Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ruby Moharana, Kiran B Bhandari
Purpose: To compare the pupil size of patients having migraine with photophobia versus normal subjects and to correlate the pupil size to the severity of headache. Methods: This was a prospective case–control study. One hundred eyes of 50 patients who had migraine with photophobia were compared with same number of control subjects who had no history of headache. Pupil size was measured using the
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Association of primary chronic dacryocystitis and meibomian gland dysfunction Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ruchi Goel, Swati Saini, Priyanka Golhait, Shalin Shah
Purpose: To evaluate the association between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and primary chronic dacryocystitis (PCD) and the effect of dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) on tear film stability and MGD. Methods: This prospective, interventional, non-randomized study involved 50 unilateral acquired PCD cases and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Patients with lid abnormalities, ocular trauma, previous ocular
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Survival benefit of exenteration in COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital mucormycosis Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Amit Raj, Prabhakar Singh, Kaushik Sadhukhan, Bhawesh Chandra, Bhavana Kranti, Subhash Kumar, Upasna Sinha, Pratyusha Kokkayil, Punam Prasad Bhadani, Prerna Sinha, Sravani Sanepalli, Pragati Tiwari, Jayadev Nanda
Purpose: There has been a sudden increase in the number of rhino-orbital mucormycosis cases, primarily affecting patients recovering from COVID-19 infection. The local health authorities have declared the current situation an epidemic. In this study, we assess the role of exenteration in preventing disease progression and improving survival in patients with rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Methods: The
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Bedside assessment of ophthalmic manifestations in neurocritical care: A study in Southern India Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Chethana Warad, Shrusty Mohapatra, Abhyudaya Mehta
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of Ocular Surface Disorders (OSDs), including Dry Eye Disease, Chemosis, and Exposure Keratitis, among patients admitted to the Neurocritical Care Unit (NCC). Additionally, we sought to assess the correlation between these OSDs, the length of hospitalization at NCC, and the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS). The heightened risk of OSD development in the
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Understanding visual snow syndrome: A retrospective study from a tertiary eye care center Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 PremNandhini Satgunam, Kiruthika Kannan, Amithavikram R Hathibelagal
Purpose: Visual snow syndrome is a debilitating neurological condition. A comprehensive eye examination may not detect any abnormalities in this condition. Presently the condition is recognized only through the history elicited. Hence, it becomes important to understand the presenting complaints and profile of these patients. A retrospective study at a tertiary eye care center was undertaken to achieve
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Subconjunctival dexamethasone-assisted conjunctival autograft harvesting versus normal saline during pterygium surgery – A randomized clinical trial Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ashok Meena, Ashish Agrawal, Gautam Parmar, Bharat Gurnani
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of subconjunctival dexamethasone compared to normal saline on conjunctival autograft harvesting in patients undergoing pterygium surgery. Methods: Fifty-two eyes of 52 patients who underwent pterygium excision combined with autologous conjunctival graft (CAG) using releasable suture were included in this prospective interventional study. The patients were randomized
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Subclinical hypothyroidism and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in primary open-angle glaucoma: A case–control study Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Suma Unnikrishnan, VP Anilakumari, Ferzana Mohammed
Purpose: To evaluate the association among subclinical hypothyroidism, anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Study design: Case–control study. Methods: The cases consisted of patients with POAG and controls were age- and sex-matched patients from the general eye clinic with no history of glaucoma. Blood samples were taken from the participants’ antecubital
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Central retinal vessel trunk exit location: An important factor while evaluating the neuroretinal rim Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Monica Gandhi, Divya Rajsrinivas, Mugdha Jain, Shailendra Sabharwal, Atanu Majumdar, Suneeta Dubey
Purpose: Optic nerve head (ONH) evaluation plays a key role in differentiating normal from glaucomatous disk. Thinning of the inferior neuroretinal rim (NRR) has been noted in early glaucoma. However, NRR thickness in different quadrants appears to depend on various factors including central retinal vessel trunk exit (CRVT) position. We evaluated ocular parameters that determined the NRR thickness
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Eyelid cleaning: Methods, tools, and clinical applications Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Ling Zhang, Jingru Wang, Yingying Gao
Nowadays, people give more importance and pay closer attention to the condition of their eyelids and lid margins. This increased recognition of eyelid hygiene is due to the growing awareness that improper eyelid cleaning might lead to various ocular surface diseases such as blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction. These ocular surface diseases can greatly affect people's quality of life. This article
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A randomized controlled trial to assess safety and efficacy between terminal chop, stop and chop, and direct chop Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Aprajita Sinha, Arvind Kumar Morya, Vinita Gupta, Ripunjay Prasad
Purpose: The goal in developing new techniques of cataract surgery is to provide a safer, more efficient surgical experience with the lowest complication rate and endothelial cell loss. We compared the efficiency and safety of stop-and-chop, direct chop, and the novel terminal chop techniques of nuclear fragmentation for cataracts grade II-V. Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized clinical
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Understanding barriers, recommended solutions, and future prospects for the diagnosis and management of Pythium insidiosum keratitis Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Bharat Gurnani, Kirandeep Kaur
Pythium insidiosum keratitis (PIK) is a devastating corneal infection resulting in blindness in a large number of cases. Clinically and morphologically, it closely mimics fungal keratitis, and hence is also labeled as “parafungus.” Although many clinical studies have documented evidence regarding the virulence of microorganism, and anatomical and functional outcomes, it remains a clinical challenge
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Prognostic factors of open-globe injuries: A review Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Sze Ing Tan, Annette K Hoskin, Anadi Khatri, Vivek P Dave, Sushank Bhalerao, Jose Romero, Rupesh Agrawal
Open-globe injuries (OGI) can lead to significant visual impairment. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) is the most widely recognized tool for predicting visual outcomes. This review aimed to identify prognostic factors and assess the effectiveness of the OTS in predicting visual outcomes. Twenty-one articles published on PubMed and Google Scholar were analyzed. Initial visual acuity and the zone of injury
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COVID and COVID vaccine–related corneal morbidity: A review Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Navneet Sidhu, Murugesan Vanathi, Noopur Gupta, Radhika Tandon
Systemic coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has had several ocular consequences. Many vaccines have been developed against the disease, with adverse events being reported as well. Various ocular adverse events secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have also featured in literature in recent times. This review features
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Mobile battery blast injuries: An emerging ocular health hazard in children Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Chintan Shah, Anand Goyal, Pradhnya Sen, Parimal Peeush, Alok Sen, Amruta More, Elesh Jain
Purpose: To assess clinical features, visual outcomes, and setting of mobile battery blast-induced eye injuries in children. Methods: Retrospective case sheets of children with mobile battery blast injuries were reviewed at a tertiary eye care center from January 2015 to March 2022. We noted the mode of injury, battery status, and clinical presentation and analyzed the treatment outcomes. Results:
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Central retinal artery occlusion following pediatric blunt ocular trauma Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Sivaranjan Ramachandran, Kasturi Chavan, Tapas R Padhi, Brijesh Takkar, Sayali Karande, Anup Kelgaonkar, Krushna G Panda, Srikanta K Padhy
Background: To analyze the clinical profile, presentation, possible pathophysiology, and outcomes of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) following blunt trauma in pediatric subjects. Methodology: The medical charts of subjects aged 18 years or less with a diagnosis of CRAO following blunt ocular trauma were analyzed retrospectively for demography, details of the trauma, ocular findings, additional
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Comparison of cycloplegia with atropine 1% versus cyclopentolate 1% Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Ram P Singh, Abadan K Amitava, Nikita Sharma, Yogesh Gupta, Syed A Raza, Aparna Bose, Ganga S Meena
Purpose: Cycloplegic refraction is mandatory for children to know the eye's refractive status. In this study, we compared cycloplegia induced by cyclopentolate 1% to that induced by atropine 1% by means of retinoscopy. Methods: In this parallel-designed interventional study, we included 67 children aged between 4 and 17 years. After the initial retinoscopy under cyclopentolate 1% (used twice in each
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Clinical profile of childhood exotropia in a tertiary eye care center in North India Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Jinal Gore, Soveeta Rath, Suma Ganesh
Purpose: To identify different types of exotropia in children less than 16 years and their clinical presentation. The secondary objective is to identify the age of onset, age of presentation, birth history, and ocular and systemic associations as well as to evaluate their motor and sensory status. Methods: This hospital-based descriptive observational study was conducted from September 2018 to December
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Prevalence and pattern of refractive errors among school-going children in district Baramulla, Kashmir: A cross sectional study Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Sabreena Hassan, Sahila Nabi, Nazia Zahoor, Shabana Khan, Abdul A Makayee, Abdul Wahab
Purpose: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the most important causes of visual impairment worldwide. Addressing childhood vision impairment (VI) is one of the main goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) to combat blindness strategies. Objective: To ascertain the prevalence and pattern of refractive errors among children aged 10 to 16 years in Baramulla district, Kashmir. Methods: A cross-sectional
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Pterygium surgery using inferior rotational conjunctival autograft versus conventional conjunctival autograft with sutures – A comparative study Indian J. Ophthalmol. (IF 3.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Jayamadhury Gudimetla, Sudhakar Potti, Shyam Shivaprasad, Milind Bhide, Venkat Prabhakar
Purpose: To compare the outcomes of pterygium surgery by using an inferior rotational autograft and a conventional superior conjunctival autograft. Methods: This was a prospective interventional comparative study of 85 eyes of patients who were divided into two groups of 45 and 40. Standard techniques of both procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Astigmatism, recurrence rates, time taken