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Human sensory adaptation to the ecological structure of environmental statistics. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-3-5 Peter Neri
Humans acquire sensory information via fast, highly specialized detectors: For example, edge detectors monitor restricted regions of visual space over timescales of 100-200 ms. Surprisingly, this study demonstrates that their operation is nevertheless shaped by the ecological consistency of slow global statistical structure in the environment. In the experiments, humans acquired feature information
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The brain does not process horizontal reflection when attending to vertical reflection, and vice versa. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-3-1 Alexis D J Makin, Giulia Rampone, Marco Bertamini
Previous work has found that feature attention can modulate electrophysiological responses to visual symmetry. In the current study, participants observed spatially overlapping clouds of black and white dots. They discriminated vertical symmetry from asymmetry in the target dots (e.g., black or white) and ignored the regularity of the distractor dots (e.g., white or black). We measured an electroencephalography
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Internal representations of the canonical real-world distance of objects. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-27 Yijin Wang, Jie Gao, Fuying Zhu, Xiaoli Liu, Gexiu Wang, Yichong Zhang, Zhiqing Deng, Juan Chen
In the real world, every object has its canonical distance from observers. For example, airplanes are usually far away from us, whereas eyeglasses are close to us. Do we have an internal representation of the canonical real-world distance of objects in our cognitive system? If we do, does the canonical distance influence the perceived size of an object? Here, we conducted two experiments to address
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Impact of focus cue presentation on perceived realism of 3-D scene structure: Implications for scene perception and for display technology. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-27 Joseph G March, Anantha Krishnan, Rafal K Mantiuk, Simon J Watt
Stereoscopic imagery often aims to evoke three-dimensional (3-D) percepts that are accurate and realistic-looking. The "gap" between 3-D imagery and real scenes is small, but focus cues typically remain incorrect because images are displayed on a single focal plane. Research has concentrated on the resulting vergence-accommodation conflicts. Yet, incorrect focus cues may also affect the appearance
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Color constancy in real-world settings. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-27 Karl R Gegenfurtner, David Weiss, Marina Bloj
Color constancy denotes the ability to assign a particular and stable color percept to an object, irrespective of its surroundings and illumination. The light reaching the eye confounds illumination and spectral reflectance of the object, making the recovery of constant object color an ill-posed problem. How good the visual system is at accomplishing this task is still a matter of heated debate, despite
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Ocular accommodation and wavelength: The effect of longitudinal chromatic aberration on the stimulus-response curve. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-27 Maydel Fernandez-Alonso, Abigail P Finch, Gordon D Love, Jenny C A Read
The longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of the eye creates a chromatic blur on the retina that is an important cue for accommodation. Although this mechanism can work optimally in broadband illuminants such as daylight, it is not clear how the system responds to the narrowband illuminants used by many modern displays. Here, we measured pupil and accommodative responses as well as visual acuity
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A signal-detection account of item-based and ensemble-based visual change detection: A reply to Harrison, McMaster, and Bays. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-26 Daniil Azarov, Daniil Grigorev, Igor Utochkin
Growing empirical evidence shows that ensemble information (e.g., the average feature or feature variance of a set of objects) affects visual working memory for individual items. Recently, Harrison, McMaster, and Bays (2021) used a change detection task to test whether observers explicitly rely on ensemble representations to improve their memory for individual objects. They found that sensitivity to
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Face adaptation induces duration distortion of subsequent face stimuli in a face category-specific manner. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-22 Akira Sarodo, Kentaro Yamamoto, Katsumi Watanabe
Studies have shown that duration perception depends on several visual processes. However, the stages of visual processes that contribute to duration perception remain unclear. This study examined the effects of categorical differences in face adaptation on perceived duration. In all the experiments, we compared the perceived durations of human, monkey, and cat faces (comparison stimuli) after adapting
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Sustained attention and the flash grab effect. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-21 Nika Adamian, Patrick Cavanagh
When a stationary target is briefly presented on top of a moving background as it reverses direction, the target is displaced perceptually in the direction of the upcoming motion (the flash grab effect). To determine the role of attention in this effect, we investigated whether the predictability of the location of the flash grab target modulates the illusion. First, we established that effect was
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Perceptual confirmation bias and decision bias underlie adaptation to sequential regularities. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-21 Magdalena Del Río, Floris P de Lange, Matthias Fritsche, Jamie Ward
Our perception does not depend exclusively on the immediate sensory input. It is also influenced by our internal predictions derived from prior observations and the temporal regularities of the environment, which can result in choice history biases. However, it is unclear how this flexible use of prior information to predict the future influences perceptual decisions. Prior information may bias decisions
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Effects of binocular disparity on binocular luminance combination. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-20 Goro Maehara, Yiqian Wang, Ikuya Murakami
This study aimed to examine the effects of binocular disparity on binocular combination of brightness information coming from luminance increments and decrements. The point of subjective equality was determined by asking the observers to judge which stimulus appeared brighter-a bar stimulus with variable disparity or another stimulus with zero disparity. For the bar stimulus, the interocular luminance
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Perceptual transitions between object rigidity and non-rigidity: Competition and cooperation among motion energy, feature tracking, and shape-based priors. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-2 Akihito Maruya, Qasim Zaidi
Why do moving objects appear rigid when projected retinal images are deformed non-rigidly? We used rotating rigid objects that can appear rigid or non-rigid to test whether shape features contribute to rigidity perception. When two circular rings were rigidly linked at an angle and jointly rotated at moderate speeds, observers reported that the rings wobbled and were not linked rigidly, but rigid rotation
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Investigating cross-orientation inhibition with continuous tracking. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-1 Pierfrancesco Ambrosi, David Charles Burr, Maria Concetta Morrone
We investigated cross-orientation inhibition with the recently developed continuous tracking technique. We designed an experiment where participants tracked the horizontal motion of a narrow vertical grating. The target was superimposed on one of three different backgrounds, in separate sessions: a uniform gray background or a sinusoidal grating oriented either parallel or orthogonal to the target
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The influence of simulated visual impairment on distance stereopsis. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-2-1 Lu Liu, Lingxian Xu, Bo Yu, Lingzhi Zhao, Huang Wu
The intricate interrelationships between visual acuity (VA) and stereopsis depend on an array of factors, incorporating the nature of vision impairment, its manifestation (monocular versus binocular), and the classification of stereopsis test symbols used. The objectives of this study were to methodically dissect these multifaceted interactions by simulating a diverse range of vision loss conditions
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Limited midlevel mediation of visual crowding: Surface completion fails to support uncrowding. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-1-31 Cathleen M Moore, Qingzi Zheng
Visual crowding refers to impaired object recognition that is caused by nearby stimuli. It increases with eccentricity. Image-level explanations of crowding maintain that it is caused by information loss within early encoding processes that vary in functionality with eccentricity. Alternative explanations maintain that the interference is not limited to two-dimensional image-level interactions but
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Asymmetric stimulus representations bias visual perceptual learning. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-1-29 Pooya Laamerad, Asmara Awada, Christopher C Pack, Shahab Bakhtiari
The primate visual cortex contains various regions that exhibit specialization for different stimulus properties, such as motion, shape, and color. Within each region, there is often further specialization, such that particular stimulus features, such as horizontal and vertical orientations, are over-represented. These asymmetries are associated with well-known perceptual biases, but little is known
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Systematic transition from boundary extension to contraction along an object-to-scene continuum. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-1-22 Jeongho Park, Emilie Josephs, Talia Konkle
After viewing a picture of an environment, our memory of it typically extends beyond what was presented, a phenomenon referred to as boundary extension. But, sometimes memory errors show the opposite pattern-boundary contraction-and the relationship between these phenomena is controversial. We constructed virtual three-dimensional environments and created a series of views at different distances, from
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Visual influence on bimanual haptic slant adaptation. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-1-11 Catharina Glowania, Marc Ernst, Sarah Hanke, Loes van Dam
Adapting to particular features of a haptic shape, for example, the slant of a surface, affects how a subsequently touched shape is perceived (aftereffect). Previous studies showed that this adaptation is largely based on our proprioceptive sense of hand posture, yet the influence of vision on haptic shape adaptation has been relatively unexplored. Here, using a slant-adaptation paradigm, we investigated
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Impaired stationarity perception is associated with increased virtual reality sickness. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Savannah J Halow, Allie Hamilton, Eelke Folmer, Paul R MacNeilage
Stationarity perception refers to the ability to accurately perceive the surrounding visual environment as world-fixed during self-motion. Perception of stationarity depends on mechanisms that evaluate the congruence between retinal/oculomotor signals and head movement signals. In a series of psychophysical experiments, we systematically varied the congruence between retinal/oculomotor and head movement
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Illusory percepts of curvilinear self-motion when moving through crowds. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Anna-Gesina Hülemeier, Markus Lappe
Self-motion generates optic flow, a pattern of expanding visual motion. Heading estimation from optic flow analysis is accurate in rigid environments, but it becomes challenging when other human walkers introduce independent motion to the scene. Previous studies showed that heading perception is surprisingly accurate when moving through a crowd of walkers but revealed strong heading biases when either
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Isolating objective and subjective filling-in using the drift diffusion model. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Ron Dekel, Dov Sagi, Ativ Zomet, Dennis M Levi, Uri Polat
Spatial context is known to influence the behavioral sensitivity (d') and the decision criterion (c) when detecting low-contrast targets. Of interest here is the effect on the decision criterion. Polat and Sagi (2007) demonstrated that, for a Gabor target positioned between two similar co-aligned high-contrast flankers, the observers' reports of seeing the target (Hit and False Alarm) decreased with
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Contributed Session III: Active vision shapes ocular dominance. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Paola Binda, Cecilia Steinwurzel, Miriam Acquafredda, Giulio Sandini, Maria Concetta Morrone
Ocular dominance is a basic visual property that shows short-term plasticity in adult humans, where 2h of monocular deprivation leads to a homeostatic shift of ocular dominance in favour of the deprived eye. Using an altered reality setting, we found that this homeostatic plasticity can be triggered without depriving one eye of visual input, but merely perturbing the temporal correspondence between
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Contributed Session III: Measuring binocular combination of luminance and chromatic stimuli using fMRI. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Lauren Welbourne, Joel Martin, Federico Segala, Alex Wade, Daniel Baker
There are clear and measurable benefits of using two eyes instead of one (e.g. at detection thresholds, stereopsis). However, at high contrasts, excitation and inhibition between binocular ("Bin") and monocular ("Mon') responses are balanced, resulting in ocularity invariance behaviourally, and in the primary visual cortex. Little is known about whether and how signals are combined binocularly in other
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Contributed Session III: The limits of resolution in the S-cone pathway. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Palash Bharadwaj, Emily Slezak, Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan, Daniel Coates, Ramkumar Sabesan
The resolution of the S-cone pathway is first constrained by the density and arrangement of S-cones in the photoreceptor mosaic. Prior work comparing S-cone isolating visual acuity (sVA) to histological estimates of S-cone density has led to mixed conclusions, likely due to inter-individual differences in the S-cone sub-mosaic. We examined sVA in subjects with spectrally classified cone mosaics to
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Contributed Session III: AAV-mediated gene therapy for PDE6C achromatopsia: Progress and challenges. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Ala Moshiri, Tawfik Issa, Jeffrey Rogers, Rui Chen, Sara Thomasy, Tim Stout
To determine the clinical circumstances under which viral mediated gene therapy can rescue cone function in a nonhuman primate model of PDE6C achromatopsia.
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Contributed Session III: The naming and understanding of color: the Color Communication Game. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Angela M Brown, Delwin T Lindsey
When a person views a color sample, they can usually provide a color term for it. But will that color term allow someone else to understand which sample was named? We examined color understanding using a Color Communication Game, in which one person (the "sender") names 30 color samples as in any color-naming study, then another person (the "receiver") chooses the sample they think the sender intended
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Contributed Session II: Neural correlates of serial processing during divided attention across multipart objects. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Dina V Popovkina, Kelly Chang, Lucas M Suarez, John Palmer, Cathleen M Moore, Geoffrey M Boynton
Judgments of multiple simultaneously presented stimuli produce a variety of divided attention effects. For example, participants can detect colors in two locations as well as in one, but can recognize only one masked word at a time (White, Palmer, & Boynton, Psych Science 2018). Here, we ask whether judging objects with interchangeable parts, similar to letters in words, also produces performance deficits
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Contributed Session II: Computational modeling of shift in unique yellow for small stimuli. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Carlos Rodriguez, Ling-Qi Zhang, Alexandra E Boehm, Maxwell J Greene, William S Tuten, David H Brainard
Unique yellow (UY) is largely invariant to L:M cone proportion for spatially-extended stimuli in healthy trichromats. However, a recent adaptive-optics-based study by Boehm et al. reveals that when stimulus size is reduced to a few arcmin, color appearance depends on the local L:M proportion in the patch of the retina on which the stimulus was imaged. We aimed to determine if such findings are consistent
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Contributed Session II: Binocular combination of the pupil response depends on photoreceptor pathway. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Federico G Segala, Joel T Martin, Aurelio Bruno, Alex R Wade, Daniel H Baker
The pupillary light response is driven by three classes of retinal photoreceptor. Cones and rods are involved in the initial constriction of the pupil, whereas melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells (ipRGCs) maintain constriction over longer timescales. Previous work has characterized the contributions of photoreceptor signals to pupil control, but relatively little
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Contributed Session II: Bringing color into focus: Dynamic accommodation responses to polychromatic stimuli. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Benjamin M Chin, Martin S Banks, Derek Nankivil, Austin Roorda, Emily A Cooper
As humans look around the environment, the crystalline lens inside the eye changes optical power to bring retinal images into focus. This visuomotor response is called accommodation. For a given accommodative state, light at only one wavelength can be in focus because the eye contains significant chromatic aberration. We examined how the visual system weights different wavelengths for focusing polychromatic
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Contributed Session II: The relationship between temporal summation at detection threshold and fixational eye movements. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Allie C Hexley, Laura K Young, David H Brainard, Austin Roorda, William S Tuten, Hannah E Smithson
We studied the relationship between the threshold temporal summation of increment pulses and fixational eye-movements. Six participants completed a 2AFC increment detection task. Stimuli were 0.16 x 2.2 arcmin increments of 543 nm light presented via an AOSLO with a 60 Hz frame rate. Stimuli for temporal integration were two single frame presentations with a 16 ms (consecutive frames), 33 ms, 100 ms
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Contributed Session II: High-resolution assessment of saccadic landing positions for S-cone-isolating targets. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Yiyi Charlotte Wang, Congli Wang, Ren Ng, William S Tuten
The role of S-cone signals in guiding visuomotor behavior is not fully understood. Previously, we used high-resolution retinal tracking during a visual search-and-identification task to show that the preferred retinal locus (PRL) of fixation for S-cone-isolated targets was larger than and offset from the PRL measured with L/M-isolating optotypes (Wang et al, ARVO 2023). Here, we present an analysis
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Contributed Session I: Specific and non-linear effects of glaucoma on optic radiation tissue properties. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 John Kruper, Adam Richie-Halford, Noah Benson, Sendy Caffarra, Julia Owen, Yue Wu, Aaron Lee, Cecilia Lee, Jason Yeatman, Ariel Rokem
Changes in sensory input with aging and disease affect brain tissue properties. To establish the link between glaucoma, the most prevalent cause of irreversible blindness, and changes in major brain connections, we characterized white matter tissue properties in diffusion MRI measurements in a large sample of subjects with glaucoma (N=905; age 49-80) and healthy controls (N=5,292; age 45-80) from the
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Contributed Session I: The effects of monocular and binocular retinal image minification on eyestrain. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Iona McLean, Esther Sherbak, Loganne Mikkelsen, Ian Erkelens, Robin Sharma, Emily Cooper
While corrective spectacles have been worn for centuries, relatively little is known about the physical and perceptual effects associated with their optical distortions. Retinal image minification, for example, is caused by myopic spectacle correction and may also occur in near-eye displays. Previous work suggests that different amounts of minification (or magnification) between the eyes can produce
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Contributed Session I: The perceptual experience of optogenetic vision. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Ezgi Irmak Yücel, Vaishnavi Mohan, Geoffrey M Boynton, Ariel Rokem, Ione Fine
Optogenetic therapy for retinal degenerative diseases aims to elicit light response in remaining retinal cells (bipolar and/or ganglion cells). Animal models suggest that these proteins have lower sensitivity, and slower kinetics compared to neurotypical vision. Here we describe a framework for simulating 'virtual patients' to quantify the predicted perceptual experience of optogenetic vision. We simulated
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Contributed Session I: Inner limiting membrane peel extends vivo calcium imaging of ganglion cells (RGC) beyond the fovea in non-human primate. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Hector Baez, Laporta Jennifer, Walker Amber, Fischer William, Hollar Rachel, Patterson Sara, DiLoreto David, Gullapalli Vamsi, McGregor Juliette
Viral expression of the calcium indicator GCaMP in primate RGCs has enabled optical readout of retinal function at a cellular scale in vivo. To date, functional recording has been limited to transduced RGCs close to the foveal pit. In this study we evaluate ILM peel as a strategy to expand the area of transduced RGCs and allow functional recording beyond the fovea in the living eye. 4 eyes of 3 immunosuppressed
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Contributed Session I: Correlating cone structure and function in retinitis pigmentosa using coarse-scale optoretinography (CoORG). J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Teng Liu, Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan, Benjamin Wendel, Emily Slezak, Debarshi Mustafi, Jennifer Chao, Ramkumar Sabesan
Optoretinography (ORG) has the potential to serve as a powerful diagnostic biomarker, owing to its sensitive and objective localization of function and dysfunction. Majority of ORG implementations employ adaptive optics (AO) for imaging activity at a cellular scale. Coarse-scale Optoretinography (CoORG), an ORG paradigm without AO, offers rapid, extended-field recordings and wider applicability in
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Contributed Session I: Human cone response models for optoretinography with FF-SS-OCT and adaptive optics. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Ewelina Pijewska, Denise Valente, Kari V Vienola, Ratheesh Meleppat, Robert J Zawadzki, Ravi S Jonnal
Recent work has shown that human rod and cone outer segments (ROS and COS, respectively) deform in response to visual stimuli. In phase-based optoretinography (ORG) the phases of backscattered light from the inner/outer segment junction (IS/OS) and the COS/ROS tips (COST/ROST), is measured, which allows observation of stimulus-evoked, nanometer-scale changes in the OS length. In this work, we used
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Poster Session II: Can a drug for liver disease be used to treat Age-Related Macular Degeneration? J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Kriti Pandey, Daniel T Hass, Rayne R Lim, Noah Horton, Jennifer R Chao, James B Hurley
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most common degenerative eye diseases among the older population. One of the primary pathological features of AMD is the accumulation of fatty deposits known as drusen between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane in the eye. Few options exist that can slow AMD-associated retinal degeneration. One may be to enhance the RPE's ability
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Poster Session II: Intravitreal gene therapy in primate reaches extrafoveal cones. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Briyana Bembry-Colegrove, Michelle Giarmarco, Rachel Barborek, Jessica Rowlan, James Kuchenbecker, Dragos Rezeanu, Jay Neitz, Maureen Neitz
Intravitreal delivery of gene therapy vectors to the retina carries lower risk of adverse events versus subretinal injections, but efficiently targeting cones is a challenge. We used a new adeno-associated vector (AAV) to deliver genes to primate cone photoreceptors. The vector carries a cassette directing expression of an engineered 493 nm opsin to long- and middle-wavelength (L/M) cones, and was
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Poster Session II: Development of transparency in the human lens cells. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 John Clark
As the neural tube forms in the fifth week of human embryonic development, a few ectodermal cells adjacent to the neural plate in the trilaminar embryo, swell, thicken, and compress their intercellular space to form a minute lens placode. At this early stage, the embryonic cells in the lens placode resemble neuroectoderm, enriched in cytoskeletal proteins, junctions, membrane channels, and stress response
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Poster Session II: Understanding scattering in high-resolution retinal imaging. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Brian Vohnsen, Salihah Qaysi, Aishwarya Chanady Babu, Stacey Choi, Nathan Doble
In conventional fundus images the contrast relates to scattering and absorption of light. Here, we report on modeling of high-resolution retinal imaging to understand the role of mitochondria light scattering in the ellipsoid of photoreceptors. We evaluate the directionality appearance of the photoreceptors, and its relation to drusen appearance in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The refractive
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Poster Session II: Investigating photoreceptor function in disease-affected retinas using optoretinography. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Reddikumar Maddipatla, Christopher Langlo, Kari Vienola, Maciej Bartuzel, Ewelina Pijewska, Robert Zawadzki, Ravi Jonnal
Assessing the functional response of photoreceptors is vital in understanding retinal disease progression. Traditional subjective methods like visual acuity and visual fields, and objective ones like electroretinography, have limitations. An ideal complement to these techniques is optoretinography (ORG), which images the retina and tests its function at once. ORG utilizes the phase of the optical coherence
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Poster Session II: The impact of eye's longitudinal chromatic aberration on visual acuity and accommodation response. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Tianlun Zou, Sara Aissati, Susana Marcos
Chromatic composition of displays might affect vision and accommodation,possibly influencing myopia development.We investigated differences in visual acuity(VA) and accommodative lag(AccL) for steady accommodative demands (up to 5D,1D steps) with visual stimuli illuminated by monochromatic wavelengths (mono-λ 480,555&630nm,3nm bandwidth) and white light (WL).Data was obtained on 3 young emmetrope using
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Poster Session II: XR-based personalized active aid for color deficient observers. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli
In a previous study, Xu et al. (Optics Express, 2022) investigated the efficacy of active aid in the form of personalized image enhancement to increase color discrimination ability in color-deficient observers (CDO). The study parameterized severity of color deficiency, the wavelength shift of cone spectral fundamentals, and the spectral distribution of display primaries. The first parameter was derived
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Poster Session II: Non-degenerating double cone opsin knockout mouse model of blue cone monochromacy. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Mikayla L Puska, Michelle M Giarmarco, Jay Neitz, Maureen Neitz, James A Kuchenbecker
Ma et al. (2022) performed opsin gene therapy in a mouse model of blue cone monochromacy (BCM). Treatment was only effective for young animals because the retina degenerated, with a significant reduction in the number viable cones by 3 months. Their mouse was created by mating an Opn1mw knockout with a gene trap inserted in intron 2 of the Opn1mw gene, to an Opn1sw knockout with the neomycin resistance
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Poster Session II: Cone spacing and S-cone proportion is sufficient to describe varying S-cone regularity across the human central retina. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Sierra Schleufer, Vimal Pandiyan, Bryna Hazelton, Daniel Coates, Ramkumar Sabesan
The topography of S-cones in the human retina is vital to understand short-wavelength sampling of visual space. In humans S-cones have been reported as randomly arranged within 2° eccentricity and semi-regular more peripherally. A model describing how S-cone regularity varies across the retina is yet to be formulated. Here we describe such a model, dependent on 2 parameters - the average distance between
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Poster Session II: Variation of cone spectral composition in the macula. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan, Sierra Schleufer, Palash Bharadwaj, Ramkumar Sabesan
Cone spectral composition is central to the study of color vision and retinal development. There is a lack of information on the spatial distribution of L and M-cones in the macula given that there are no histological methods to separate them. To overcome this gap, cones were spectrally classified using adaptive optics OCT-based optoretinography in human subjects and their variation was described in
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Poster Session II: Image features involved in translucency enhancement by chromaticity information. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Mizuki Takanashi, Takehiro Nagai
Previous studies have reported that chromaticity information in object images enhances perceived translucency. The aim of this study, was to elucidate how color forms image features that contribute to translucency in psychophysical experiments. The stimuli were computer-graphics images of translucent objects with different spectral scattering coefficients (i.e., hues) and various optical and geometrical
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Poster Session II: Luminance and chromaticity discrimination sensitivities following a sudden decrease in background luminance. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Minwoo Son, Takehiro Nagai
When we enter a dark place like a tunnel from a bright exterior, our visual sensitivities take some time to adapt to the lower light level. However, there have been few reports about how quickly our sensitivities of luminance and chromaticity discrimination recover in this situation. This study aimed to quantify the time course of discrimination sensitivity for luminance and chromaticity directions
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Poster Session II: Kandinsky was right: Few do "express bright yellow in the bass notes, or dark lake in the treble". J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Joshua Manfred, Corbin Strimel, Cameron Klabunde, Neil Dittmann, Karen Gunther
Cross-modal correspondence is a sense of the inherent belongingness between two different senses; in our study these were pitch and color. Our goal was to investigate the confound in previous literature of individual differences in color brightness and pitch loudness. We tested twenty male participants. We determined equal brightness for each participant, across six colors: red, orange, yellow, green
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Poster Session II: Constrained color-sorting and the evolution of color terms. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Delwin Lindsey, Angela M Brown
Constrained color-sorting-the partition of a color palette into sequential numbers, n, of categories or "piles," n = {2, 3, …, N}-has been used to examine universal vs. culture-dependent processes that underlie color-term evolution. Here we use sorting to test two hypotheses related to these ideas. 1) If the constrained color sorts (CCSs) depend solely on universal processes that guide color-term evolution
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Poster Session II: Spillover effects of color discrimination training on color category boundaries and color appearance. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Suzuha Horiuchi, Takehiro Nagai
Perceptual learning refers to the increase in perceptual sensitivity that results from several days of training on a perceptual task. Although perceptual learning has been shown to be effective in a variety of perceptual tasks, few studies have examined perceptual learning in color perception. In this study, we investigated how color discrimination training at a base color affected various aspects
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Poster Session II: Computational analysis of the effect of cone temporal filtering on detection threshold with and without retinal motion. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Qiyuan Feng, Ling-Qi Zhang, Alisa Braun, Nicolas P Cottaris, William S Tuten, David H Brainard
Retinal stimulus motion can increase visual acuity, but recent experimental evidence indicates that for briefly presented stimuli this benefit does not always occur (Braun et al, VSS 2023). To understand this effect, we modeled how the temporally low-pass filtering that occurs within each cone is expected to impact visual performance. We simulated a grating (10 cpd Gabor) detection task in which the
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Poster Session II: Light-adaptation clamp: A tool to predictably manipulate photoreceptor light responses. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Qiang Chen, Norianne T Ingram, Jacob Baudin, Juan M Angueyra, Raunak Sinha, Fred Rieke
Computation in neural circuits relies on judicious use of nonlinear circuit components. In many cases, multiple nonlinear components work collectively to control circuit outputs. Separating the contributions of these different components is difficult, and this hampers our understanding of the mechanistic basis of many important computations. Here, we introduce a tool that permits the design of light
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Poster Session II: SSVEP measurements of color and spatial frequency response in V1. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Alex Carter, Daniel H Baker, Antony B Morland, Abbie J Lawton, Alex R Wade
Recent work from our group (Segala et al, eLife, 2023) shows that the rules for binocular luminance signal combination depend on spatial frequency (SF). Structured patterns show strong interocular suppression while unstructured inputs (mean field disks) do not. Here, we used SSVEPs to ask if SF dependence is also found in chromatic pathways.
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Poster Session II: Color and luminance processing in V1 complex cells and artificial neural networks. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Luke Bun, Gregory Horwitz
Object recognition by natural and artificial visual systems benefits from the identification of object boundaries. A useful cue for the detection of object boundaries is the superposition of luminance and color edges. To gain insight into the suitability of this cue for object recognition, we examined convolutional neural network (CNNs) models that had been trained to recognize objects in natural images
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Poster Session II: Attentional modulation of the achromatic and chromatic reversal VEP. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Christabel Arthur, Osman B Kavcar, Mackenzie V Wise, Michael A Crognale
Previous literature has consistently revealed attentional modulation of the Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) response to achromatic pattern reversal stimuli but little to no attentional modulation of the VEP response to chromatic pattern onsets. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) research, however, has reported modulation of the responses to both achromatic and chromatic pattern reversal stimuli. Numerous
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Poster Session II: Alternating orientation of the chromatic pattern VEP improves signal even in the absence of contrast adaptation. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Jawshan Ara, Osman Kavcar, Mackenzie V Wise, Alireza Tavakkoli, Michael A Crognale
The visual evoked potential (VEP) to chromatic pattern reversal is greatly reduced compared to VEPs to pattern onsets. Chromatic pattern onsets produce large and stereotypical waveforms that reliably differ from standard achromatic pattern reversal VEP waveforms used in clinical applications. Rapid contrast adaptation for sustained chromatic but not transient achromatic mechanisms has been suggested
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Poster Session I: Criterion effects in maximum likelihood difference scaling: Similar is not always the opposite of different. J. Vis. (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Yangyi Shi, Rhea Eskew
Maximum Likelihood Difference Scaling (MLDS) is an efficient method of estimating perceptual representations of suprathreshold physical quantities (Maloney & Yang, 2003), such as luminance contrast. In MLDS, observers can be instructed to judge which of two stimulus pairs are more similar to one another, or which of the two pairs are more different from one another. If the same physical attributes