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A systematic review of LINE-1 methylation profile in psychiatric disorders Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Vitória Rodrigues Guimarães Alves, Danilo Micali, Vanessa Kiyomi Ota, Amanda Bugiga, Carolina Muniz Carvalho, Sintia Iole Belangero
Introduction: Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINE) are endogenous retrotransposable elements. A few studies have linked the methylation pattern of LINE-1 to different mental disorders (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], autism spectrum disorder [ASD], panic disorder [PD]). We sought to unify the existing knowledge in the field and provide a better understanding of the association between
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Integrative post-GWAS analyses relevant to psychiatric disorders: Imputing transcriptome and proteome signals Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-04-11 Huseyin Gedik, Roseann E. Peterson, Brien P. Riley, Vladimir I Vladimirov, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, Alexander Josephs
Background The genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a common tool to identify genetic variants associated with complex traits, including psychiatric disorders (PDs). However, post-GWAS analyses are needed to extend the statistical inference to biologically relevant entities, e.g., genes, proteins and pathways. To achieve this goal, researchers developed methods that incorporate biologically relevant
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Integrating theory with education about genetic risk for alcohol use disorder: The effects of a brief online educational tool on elements of the health belief model Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Morgan N Driver, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Jehannine Austin, Danielle M. Dick
Introduction: The utility of genetic risk information relies on the assumption that individuals will use the information to change behavior to reduce risk for developing health problems. Educational interventions designed to target elements of the Health Belief Model have shown to be effective in promoting behaviors for positive outcomes. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in
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Sensitive periods for the effect of child maltreatment on psychopathology symptoms in adolescence Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Erin Dunn, Daniel S. Busso, Kathryn A. Davis, Andrew D.A.C. Smith, Colter Mitchell, Henning Tiemeier, Ezra S. Susser
Introduction: Child maltreatment is among the strongest risk factors for mental disorders. However, little is known about whether there are ages when children may be especially vulnerable to its effects. We sought to identify potential sensitive periods when exposure to the 2 most common types of maltreatment (neglect and harsh physical discipline) had a particularly detrimental effect on youth mental
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Addressing emotional dysregulation and potential pharmacogenetic implication of 5-HTTLPR genotype in ADHD Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-02-21 Hao Xuan Tan, Adam Md Kamal, Sivakumar Thurairajasingam, Maude Elvira Phipps
This review unpacks the emotional presentation of externalizing behaviors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), by diving into the psychophysiology, neurophysiology and neurogenetics in relation to executive function. The correlations among these three variables are identified, showing that standard assessments for ADHD leaves out the emotional dysregulation element. This may lead to
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Hyperarousal symptom severity in women with posttraumatic stress disorder might be associated with LINE-1 hypomethylation in childhood sexual abuse victims Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-02-15 Carolina Muniz Carvalho, Bruno Messina Coimbra, Amanda Bugiga, Diogo Ferri Marques, Vanessa Kiyomi Ota, Andrea Feijó Mello, Marcelo Feijó Mello, Sintia Iole Belangero
Introduction. Sexual assault and a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development. Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINE-1) are transposable elements, and their methylation is used to infer DNA global methylation. DNA methylation can be affected by trauma exposition which in turn would be associated with PTSD. Thus, we investigated if the
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Prophylactic efficacy of riluzole against anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in two rodent stress models Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-02-03 Yashika Bansal, Corey Fee, Keith A. Misquitta, Sierra A. Codeluppi, Etienne Sibille, Robert M. Berman, Vladimir Coric, Gerard Sanacora, Mounira Banasr
Background: Chronic stress-related illnesses, such as major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder share symptomatology, including anxiety, anhedonia, and helplessness. Across disorders, neurotoxic dysregulated glutamate (Glu) signaling may underlie symptom emergence. Current first-line antidepressant drugs, which do not directly target Glu signaling, fail to provide adequate benefit
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Cross-species convergence of brain transcriptomic and epigenomic findings in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-02-03 Diana Leandra Núñez-Rios, José Jaime Martínez-Magaña, Sheila Tiemi Nagamatsu, John Krystal, Karen G. Martínez-González, Paola Giusti-Rodríguez, Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex multifactorial disorder influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Analyses of epigenomic and transcriptomic modifications may help to dissect the biological factors underlying the gene-environment interplay in PTSD. To date, most human PTSD epigenetics studies have used peripheral tissue, and these findings have
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Polygenic contributions to suicidal thoughts and behaviors in a sample ascertained for alcohol use disorders Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-01-18
Introduction: Suicidal thoughts and behaviors have partially distinct genetic etiologies. Methods: We used PRS-CS to create polygenic risk scores (PRS) from GWAS of non-suicidal self-injury, broad sense self-harm ideation, non-fatal suicide attempt, death by suicide, and depression. Using mixed-effect models, we estimated whether these PRS were associated with a range of suicidal thoughts and behaviors
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Erratum Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-12-14 R. Polimanti, J. Gelernter, William Byerley, Cathy L. Barr, Carol A. Mathews, Andrew McIntosh, Alexander B. Niculescu, Daniel H. Mathalon, Joel Gelernter, Marina R. Picciotto, Tracey L. Petryshen, Akira Sawa, Benjamin N.R. Cheyette, Bernie Devlin, Amit Etkin, Raquel E. Gur, David A. Lewis, Robert C. Malenka, Aiden Corvin, W. Richard McCombie, Peter Penzes, Andreas Zimmer, James Potash, Christopher
Complex Psychiatry
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Anti-inflammatory action of antidepressants: Investigating the longitudinal effect of antidepressants on white blood cell count Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Julia M. Sealock, Guanhua Chen, Lea K. Davis
Introduction: Antidepressants have documented anti-inflammatory effects on pro-inflammatory biomarkers. However, the long-term effects of antidepressants on inflammatory markers and effects of different antidepressant classes on pro-inflammatory biomarkers is largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate the short and long-term effects of all antidepressant classes on a clinical immune marker, white blood
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Inferring the Genetic Influences on Psychological Traits Using MRI Connectivity Predictive Models: Demonstration with Cognition Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Alexander S. Hatoum, Andrew E. Reineberg, Philip A. Kragel, Tor D. Wager, Naomi P. Friedman
Introduction: Genetic correlations between brain and behavioral phenotypes in analyses from major genetic consortia have been weak and mostly nonsignificant. fMRI models of systems-level brain patterns may help improve our ability to link genes, brains, and behavior by identifying reliable and reproducible endophenotypes. Work using connectivity-based predictive modeling has generated brain-based proxies
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Inferring the Genetic Influences on Psychological Traits Using MRI Connectivity Predictive Models: Demonstration with Cognition Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-12-01
Introduction: Genetic correlations between brain and behavioral phenotypes in analyses from major genetic consortia have been weak and mostly nonsignificant. fMRI models of systems-level brain patterns may help improve our ability to link genes, brains, and behavior by identifying reliable and reproducible endophenotypes. Work using connectivity-based predictive modeling has generated brain-based proxies
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Large common mitochondrial DNA deletions are associated with a mitochondrial SNP T14798C near the 3' breakpoints Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-11-14 Brooke E. Hjelm, Christian Ramiro, Brandi L. Rollins, Audrey A. Omidsalar, Daniel S. Gerke, Sujan C. Das, Adolfo Sequeira, Ling Morgan, Alan F. Schatzberg, Jack D. Barchas, Francis S. Lee, Richard M. Myers, Stanley J. Watson, Huda Akil, William E. Bunney, Marquis P. Vawter
Introduction Large somatic deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate with aging in metabolically active tissues such as the brain. We have cataloged the breakpoints and frequencies of large mtDNA deletions in the human brain. Methods We quantified 112 high-frequency mtDNA somatic deletions across four human brain regions with the Splice-Break2 pipeline. In addition, we utilized PLINK/Seq to
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Large Common Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Are Associated with a Mitochondrial SNP T14798C Near the 3′ Breakpoints Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-11-14
Introduction: Large somatic deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate with aging in metabolically active tissues such as the brain. We have cataloged the breakpoints and frequencies of large mtDNA deletions in the human brain. Methods: We quantified 112 high-frequency mtDNA somatic deletions across four human brain regions with the Splice-Break2 pipeline. In addition, we utilized PLINK/Seq
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Sex differences in health conditions associated with sexual assault in a large hospital population Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-10-07 Allison M. Lake, Slavina B. Goleva, Lauren R. Samuels, Laura M. Carpenter, Lea K. Davis
Introduction: Sexual assault is an urgent public health concern with both immediate and long-lasting health consequences, affecting 44% of women and 25% of men during their lifetimes. Large studies are needed to understand the unique healthcare needs of this patient population. Methods: We mined clinical notes to identify patients with a history of sexual assault in the electronic health record (EHR)
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Sex Differences in Health Conditions Associated with Sexual Assault in a Large Hospital Population Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-10-07
Introduction: Sexual assault is an urgent public health concern with both immediate and long-lasting health consequences, affecting 44% of women and 25% of men during their lifetimes. Large studies are needed to understand the unique healthcare needs of this patient population. Methods: We mined clinical notes to identify patients with a history of sexual assault in the electronic health record (EHR)
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Thoughtful phenotype definitions empower participants and power studies Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-09-15 Laura M Huckins
Substantial advances in understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits have been achieved through large global collaborations that maximize sample size1 and strive for highly homogeneous phenotype definitions. Consequently, we have identified >500 genome-wide significant loci associated with 15 psychiatric disorders1. However, these associations have not yet yielded translational insights
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Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-09-15 Keira J. A. Johnston, Laura M Huckins
Chronic pain is a common condition with high socioeconomic and public health burden. A wide range of psychiatric conditions are often comorbid with chronic pain and chronic pain conditions, negatively impacting successful treatment of either condition. The psychiatric condition receiving most attention in the past with regards to chronic pain comorbidity has been major depressive disorder, despite
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Thoughtful Phenotype Definitions Empower Participants and Power Studies Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-09-15
Complex Psychiatry
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Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Conditions Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-09-15
Chronic pain is a common condition with high socioeconomic and public health burden. A wide range of psychiatric conditions are often comorbid with chronic pain and chronic pain conditions, negatively impacting successful treatment of either condition. The psychiatric condition receiving most attention in the past with regards to chronic pain comorbidity has been major depressive disorder, despite
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Alcohol Use and Use Disorder and Cancer Risk: Perspective on Causal Inference Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-08-09 Hang Zhou, Vasilis Vasiliou
None
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Alcohol Use and Use Disorder and Cancer Risk: Perspective on Causal Inference Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-08-09
Complex Psychiatry 2022;8:9–12
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Identifying high-risk comorbidities associated with opioid use patterns using electronic health record prescription data Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-06-02 Mariela V. Jennings, Hyunjoon Lee, Daniel B. Rocha, Sevim B. Bianchi, Brandon J. Coombes, Richard C. Crist, Annika B. Faucon, Yirui Hu, Rachel L. Kember, Travis T Mallard, Maria Niarchou, Melissa N. Poulsen, Peter Straub, Richard D. Urman, Colin G. Walsh, PsycheMERGE Substance Use Disorder Workgroup, Lea K. Davis, Jordan W. Smoller, Vanessa Troiani, Sandra Sanchez-Roige
Introduction. Opioid use disorders (OUD) constitute a major public health issue, and we urgently need alternative methods for characterizing risk for OUD. Electronic health records (EHR) are useful tools for understanding complex medical phenotypes, but have been underutilized for OUD because of challenges related to underdiagnosis, binary diagnostic frameworks, and minimally-characterized reference
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Identifying High-Risk Comorbidities Associated with Opioid Use Patterns Using Electronic Health Record Prescription Data Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-06-02
Introduction: Opioid use disorders (OUDs) constitute a major public health issue, and we urgently need alternative methods for characterizing risk for OUD. Electronic health records (EHRs) are useful tools for understanding complex medical phenotypes but have been underutilized for OUD because of challenges related to underdiagnosis, binary diagnostic frameworks, and minimally characterized reference
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Accelerating opioid use disorders research by integrating multiple data modalities Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-05-23 Sevim B. Bianchi, Alvin D. Jeffery, David C Samuels, Lori Schirle, Abraham A. Palmer, Sandra Sanchez-Roige
N/A
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Accelerating Opioid Use Disorders Research by Integrating Multiple Data Modalities Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-05-23
Complex Psychiatry 2022;8:1–8
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A role for histone deacetylases in the biology and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: What do we know and where do we go from here? Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-03-15 Robin E. Bonomi, Matthew Girgenti, John H. Krystal, Kelly Cosgrove
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a prevalent disorder within the United States and world-wide with a yearly diagnosis rate of 2-4% and affecting women more than men. One of the primary methods for study of this stress disorder relies on animal models as there are few non-invasive methods and few replicated peripheral biomarkers for use in humans. One area of active research in psychiatric neuroscience
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A Role for Histone Deacetylases in the Biology and Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go from Here? Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-03-15
Post-traumatic stress disorder is a prevalent disorder within the USA and worldwide with a yearly diagnosis rate of 2–4% and affecting women more than men. One of the primary methods for study of this stress disorder relies on animal models as there are few noninvasive methods and few replicated peripheral biomarkers for use in humans. One area of active research in psychiatric neuroscience is the
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Association of Predicted Expression and Multimodel Association Analysis of Substance Abuse Traits Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-02-28
Introduction: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have played a critical role in identifying many thousands of loci associated with complex phenotypes and diseases. This has led to several translations of novel disease susceptibility genes into drug targets and care. This however has not been the case for analyses where sample sizes are small, which suffer from multiple comparisons testing. The
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Association of Predicted Expression and Multimodel Association Analysis of Substance Abuse Traits Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2022-02-28 Darius M. Bost, Chris Bizon, Jeffrey L. Tilson, Dayne L. Filer, Ian R. Gizer, Kirk C. Wilhelmsen
Introduction Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have played a critical role in identifying many thousands of loci associated with complex phenotypes and diseases. This has led to several translations of novel disease susceptibility genes into drug targets and care. This, however, has not been the case for analyses where sample sizes are small, which suffer from multiple comparison testing. The present
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History of suicide attempts and COVID-19 infection in Veterans with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: moderating effects of age and body mass index Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Olaoluwa O. Okusaga, Rachel L. Kember, Gina M. Peloso, Roseann E. Peterson, Marijana Vujkovic, Brian G. Mitchell, Jared Bernard, Annette Walder, Tim B. Bigdeli
Introduction: Relative to the general population, patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder have higher rates of suicide attempts and mortality from COVID-19 infection. Therefore, determining whether a history of suicide attempt is associated with COVID-19 in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder has implications for COVID-19 vulnerability stratification in this patient
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Association of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Depression Polygenic Scores with Lithium Response: A Consortium for Lithium Genetics Study Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-11-18 Brandon J. Coombes, Vincent Millischer, Anthony Batzler, Beth Larrabee, Liping Hou, Sergi Papiol, Urs Heilbronner, Mazda Adli, Kazufumi Akiyama, Nirmala Akula, Azmeraw T. Amare, Raffaella Ardau, Barbara Arias, Jean-Michel Aubry, Lena Backlund, Michael Bauer, Bernhard T. Baune, Frank Bellivier, Antoni Benabarre, Susanne Bengesser, Abesh Kumar Bhattacharjee, Pablo Cervantes, Hsi-Chung Chen, Caterina
Response to lithium varies widely between individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can uncover pharmacogenomics effects and may help predict drug response. Patients (N = 2,510) with BD were assessed for long-term lithium response in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics using the Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder
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Neuropsychiatric genetics of psychosis in the Mexican population (NeuroMex): A GWAS protocol for schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorder patients and controls. Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-08-24 Beatriz Camarena, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Mark Baker, Claudia Becerra-Palars, Lori B. Chibnik, Raúl Escamilla-Orozco, Joanna Jiménez-Pavón, Zan Koenig, Carla Márquez-Luna, Alicia R. Martin, Ingrid Pamela Morales-Cedillo, Ana María Olivares, Hiram Ortega-Ortiz, Alejandra Monserrat Rodríguez-Ramírez, Ricardo Saracco-Álvarez, Rebecca E. Basaldua, Brena F. Sena, Karestan C Koenen
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Dimensional phenotypes in psychiatric genetics: lessons from genome-wide association studies of alcohol use phenotypes Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-08-05 Travis T. Mallard, Sandra Sanchez-Roige
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Ankyrin-G heterozygous conditional knockout mice display increased sensitivity to social defeat stress Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-08-03 Zachary A. Cordner, Seva G. Khambadkone, Shanshan Zhu, Justin Bai, Rasadokht Forati, Ethan Goodman, Kellie L. K. Tamashiro, Christopher A. Ross
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Molecular mechanisms associated with antidepressant treatment on Major Depression Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-07-09 Lívia Ramos-da-Silva, Pamela T. Carlson, Licia C. Silva-Costa, Daniel Martins-de-Souza, Valéria de Almeida
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Perspective on Beyond Statistical Significance: Finding Meaningful Effects Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-05-20 Howard J. Edenberg
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The Biological Effects of Trauma Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-05-18 Shareefa Dalvie, Nikolaos P. Daskalakis
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Associations Between Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors and Genetic Liability for Cognitive Performance, Depression, and Risk-taking in a High-risk Sample Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-05-18 Emma C. Johnson, Fazil Aliev, Jacquelyn L. Meyers, Jessica E. Salvatore, Rebecca Tillman, Yoonhoo Chang, Anna R. Docherty, Ryan Bogdan, Laura Acion, Grace Chan, David B. Chorlian, Chella Kamarajan, Samuel Kuperman, Ashwini Pandey, Martin H. Plawecki, Marc Schuckit, Jay Tischfield, Howard J. Edenberg, Kathleen K. Bucholz, John I. Nurnberger, Bernice Porjesz, Victor Hesselbrock, Danielle M. Dick, John
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The validity of brief phenotyping in population biobanks for psychiatric genome-wide association studies on the biobank scale Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-04-27 Jonathan R.I. Coleman
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Galantamine-Memantine Combination and Kynurenine Pathway Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2021-02-08 Michael Y. Bai, David B. Lovejoy, Gilles J. Guillemin, Rouba Kozak, Trevor W. Stone, Maju Mathew Koola
The kynurenine pathway (KP) is a major route for L-Tryptophan (L-TRP) metabolism, yielding a variety of bioactive compounds including kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), quinolinic acid (QUIN), and picolinic acid (PIC). These tryptophan catabolites are involved in the pathogenesis of many neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly when the KP becomes dysregulated. Accordingly, the enzymes
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Publicly available hiPSC lines with extreme polygenic risk scores for modeling schizophrenia Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Kristina Rehbach Dobrinth, Hanwen Zhang, Debamitra Das, Sara Abdollahi, Tim Prorok, Sulagna Ghosh, Sarah Weintraub, Giulio Genovese, Samuel K. Powell, Anina Lund, Schahram Akbarian, Kevin Eggan, Steven McCarroll, Jubao Duan, Dimitrios Avramopoulos, Kristen J. Brennand
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a common and debilitating psychiatric disorder with limited effective treatment options. Although highly heritable, risk for this polygenic disorder depends on the complex interplay of hundreds of common and rare variants. Translating the growing list of genetic loci significantly associated with disease into medically actionable information remains an important challenge. Thus
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Investigating the convergent mechanisms between Major Depressive Disorder and Parkinson’s disease Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-29 Angela A. Tran, Myra De Smet, Gary D. Grant, Tien K. Khoo, Dean L. Pountney
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects more than cognition, having a temporal relationship with neuroinflammatory pathways of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although this association is supported by epidemiological and clinical studies, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Microglia and astrocytes play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of both MDD and PD. In PD, these cells can be activated by misfolded
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Transcriptomic deconvolution of dorsal striata reveals increased monocyte fractions in bipolar disorder Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Sai Batchu
Introduction: Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between the immune system, neuroinflammation, and mood disorders such as bipolar disorder. However, the immunological landscape of critical brain structures implicated with bipolar disorder, such as the dorsal striatum, has yet to be characterized. This study sought to investigate the immunological composition of dorsal striata in patients
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Diagnostic Reliability and Validity of the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) Chinese Version Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-09-16 Bao-Zhu Yang, Liang-Jen Wang, Ming-Chyi Huang, Sheng-Chang Wang, Meng-Chang Tsai, Yu-Chi Huang, Yaira Z. Nuñez, Mei-Hing Ng, Henry R. Kranzler, Joel Gelernter, Chih-Ken Chen
The Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) is a polydiagnostic instrument for substance use and psychiatric disorders. We translated the SSADDA English version into Chinese (SSADDA-Chinese) and report here our examination of the diagnostic reliability and validity of DSM-IV substance dependence (SD) diagnoses in a Mandarin-speaking sample in Taiwan. We recruited 125
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The Role of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell and Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Schizophrenia Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Sovannarath Pong, Rakesh Karmacharya, Marianna Sofman, Jeffrey R. Bishop, Paulo Lizano
Background: Despite decades of research, little clarity exists regarding pathogenic mechanisms related to schizophrenia. Investigations on the disease biology of schizophrenia have primarily focused on neuronal alterations. However, there is substantial evidence pointing to a significant role for the brain's microvasculature in mediating neuroinflammation in schizophrenia. Summary: Brain microvascular
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Introducing Complex Psychiatry Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-05-14 Joel Gelernter, Renato Polimanti
not applicable
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Genomic Chaos Begets Psychiatric Disorder Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-04-21 Donard S. Dwyer
The processes that created the primordial genome are inextricably linked to current day vulnerability to developing a psychiatric disorder as summarized in this review article. Chaos and dynamic forces including duplication, transposition, and recombination generated the protogenome. To survive early stages of genome evolution, self-organization emerged to curb chaos. Eventually, the human genome evolved
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FMRP and CYFIP1 at the Synapse and Their Role in Psychiatric Vulnerability Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-03 Nicholas E. Clifton, Kerrie L. Thomas, Lawrence S. Wilkinson, Jeremy Hall, Simon Trent
There is increasing awareness of the role genetic risk variants have in mediating vulnerability to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Many of these risk variants encode synaptic proteins, influencing biological pathways of the postsynaptic density and, ultimately, synaptic plasticity. Fragile-X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) and cytoplasmic fragile-X mental retardation protein (FMRP)-interacting
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Using Chronobiological Phenotypes to Address Heterogeneity in Bipolar Disorder Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-02-20 Robert Gonzalez, Suzanne D. Gonzalez, Michael J. McCarthy
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric mood disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression in addition to disruptions in sleep, energy, appetite, and cognitive functions-rhythmic behaviors that typically change on daily cycles. BD symptoms can also be provoked by seasonal changes, sleep, and/or circadian disruption, indicating that chronobiological factors linked to the circadian
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The Role of PTEN in Neurodevelopment Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-01-21 Patrick D. Skelton, Radu V. Stan, Bryan W. Luikart
PTEN is a lipid and protein phosphatase that regulates cell growth and survival. Mutations to PTEN are highly penetrant for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we briefly review the evidence linking PTEN mutations to ASD and the mouse models that have been used to study the role of PTEN in neurodevelopment. We then focus on the cellular phenotypes associated with PTEN loss in neurons, highlighting
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Sleep Disturbances in Depressive Disorders Complex Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Lindsay M. Melhuish Beaupre, Vanessa F. Gonçalves, Clement C. Zai, Arun K. Tiwari, Ricardo S. Harripaul, Deanna Herbert, Natalie Freeman, Daniel J. Müller, James L. Kennedy
Sleep disturbance affects about 75% of depressed individuals and is associated with poorer patient outcomes. The genetics in this field is an emerging area of research. Thus far, only core circadian genes have been examined in this context. We expanded on this by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by a preplanned hypothesis-driven analysis with 27 genes associated with the biology