-
Prediction of Complicated Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Assisted Reproductive Treatment Through Artificial Intelligence medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Arash Ziaee, Hamed Khosravi, Tahereh Sadeghi, Imtiaz Ahmed, Maliheh Mahmoudinia
Background This study explores the utility of machine learning (ML) models in predicting complicated Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) in patients undergoing infertility treatments, addressing the challenge posed by highly imbalanced datasets.
-
Validation of an in vitro diagnostic test for endometriosis: impact of confounding medical conditions and lesion location medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Elza Daoud, David F. Archer, Bárbara Herranz-Blanco
With the aim to shorten the time for diagnosis and accelerate access to correct management, a non-invasive diagnostic test for endometriosis was developed and validated. The IVD test combines an ELISA test kit to quantify CA125 and BDNF concentrations in serum and a data treatment algorithm hosted in medical software processing results from the ELISA test and responses to six clinical variables. Serum
-
Modified one-step conservative surgery for placenta accreta spectrum versus caesarean hysterectomy: The CMNT PAS prospective comparative Non-Randomized pilot study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Hassine S Abouda, Haithem Aloui, Sofiene B Marzouk, Hatem Frikha, Rami Hammami, Rachid Hentati, Badis Chennoufi, Hayen Maghrebi
Introduction The surgical procedure known as one-step conservative surgery for placenta accreta spectrum involves the excision of the placenta and its attachment site on the myometrium. We aimed to conduct a non-randomized comparative study between conservative surgical treatment of placenta accreta spectrum and classical caesarean hysterectomy, under the name of the “CMNT PAS” study. To determine
-
Exploring the Digital Landscape: A Comprehensive Analysis of Infertility Narratives on Instagram medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Abhijay Gillellamudi, Venkata Sujatha Vellanki, Binay Kumar Panjiyar
In the digital age, the prevalence of infertility and the trend of delaying childbearing have significantly influenced fertility choices. Social media, particularly Instagram, has emerged as a vital part of daily life for many, with a notable percentage of American adults engaging daily. Recognizing the impact of online platforms, this cross-sectional observational study, conducted in May 2023, delved
-
Exosomal miRNAs from maternal vaginal discharge as biomarkers for preterm labor: non-invasive liquid biopsy medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Taewoon Kim, Jee Yoon Park, Hyo Jin Lee, Bo young Choi, Hyeon Ji Kim, Luke P. Lee, Jong Wook Hong
Preterm labor is a serious issue that can lead to preterm birth, posing significant risks to both the mother and the neonate. Despite the high incidence of approximately 15 million preterm births worldwide per year, there is a lack of sufficient strategies for predicting and preventing preterm labor. Here, we found that exosomal miRNAs in maternal vaginal discharge can serve as biomarkers for early
-
Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for primary dysmenorrhea: A protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Qiong-Nan Bao, Jin Yao, Ya-Qin Li, Xin-Yue Zhang, Zheng-Hong Chen, Man-Ze Xia, Wan-Qi Zhong, Ke-Xin Wu, Zi-Han Yin, Fan-Rong Liang
Introduction Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is the most common gynecological condition among young women. Although several non-pharmacological interventions have proven effective in relieving pain in patients with PD, the optimal treatment remains unknown. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) will aim to compare and rank the analgesic effects of different non-drug interventions for PD
-
Perinatal Impacts of Cannabis and Nicotine: An Analysis of the Cannabis Use During Development and Early Life Study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Cassandra J. Trammel, Arpana Agrawal, Ryan Bogdan, Megan Lawlor, Nandini Raghuraman, Jeannie C. Kelly, Christopher D. Smyser, Cynthia Rogers, Ebony B. Carter
OBJECTIVE Evaluate associations between prenatal cannabis use (PCU) and perinatal outcomes.
-
Donor side effects experienced under minimal controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) with in vitro maturation (IVM) versus conventional COS for in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Maria Marchante, Ferran Barrachina, Sabrina Piechota, Marta Fernandez-Gonzalez, Alexa Giovannini, Trozalla Smith, Simone Kats, Bruna Paulsen, Eva Gonzalez, Virginia Calvente, Ana Silvan, Baruch Abittan, Joshua Klein, Peter Klatsky, Daniel Ordonez, Christian C Kramme
Objective: To evaluate how minimal controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for in vitro maturation (IVM) affects subjects' oocyte retrieval experiences compared to conventional COS, considering side effects Design: Retrospective Survey Study Setting: Clinical in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment centers in Spain and the United States. Subjects: Data were collected from subjects undergoing minimal COS
-
Neonatal outcomes after maternal biomarker-guided preterm birth intervention: the AVERT PRETERM trial medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Matthew K. Hoffman, Carrie Kitto, Zugui Zhang, Jing Shi, Michael G. Walker, Babak Shahbaba, Kelly Ruhstaller
Objective To determine whether screening clinically low-risk singleton pregnancies with a validated maternal blood test for preterm birth (PTB) risk, then providing preventive treatments for those at higher risk, will improve neonatal outcomes compared to a large historical population.
-
Cell-free DNA analysis for the determination of fetal red blood cell antigen genotype in alloimmunized pregnancies. medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Shannon REGO, Olaide ASHIMI BALOGUN, Kirsten EMANUEL, Rachael OVERCASH, Juan M GONZALEZ, Gregory A DENOMME, Jennifer M HOSKOVEC, Haley KING, Ashley L WILSON, Julia WYNN, Kenneth J. Moise
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of NGS based quantitative cfDNA analysis for fetal antigen genotyping in alloimmunized pregnancies undergoing clinical testing across the US practices. Timely identification of the fetal red blood cell antigen genotype for the antigen to which the pregnant person is alloimmunized is vital for determining fetal risk for HDFN and guiding management. Presently
-
Quality of Care at childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings of the IMAgiNE EURO study in Belgium medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Anna Galle, Silke D'hauwers, Helga Berghman, Nele Vaerewijck, Emanuelle Pessa Valente, Ilaria Mariani, Arianna Bomben, Stefano delle Vedove, Marzia Lazzerini
Objectives To examine quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) around childbirth in facilities in Belgium during the COVID-19 pandemic and trends over time. Design A cross-sectional observational study. Setting Data of the IMAgiNE EURO study in Belgium. Participants Women giving birth in a Belgian facility from March 1, 2020, to May 1, 2023, responded a validated online questionnaire based on 40
-
Live Birth resulted from a direct thawing of vitrified human blastocyst in a regular embryo culture medium medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-25 David Yiu Leung Chan, Murong Xu, Waner Wu, Ka Kei Fung, Crystal Hiu Yan Lock, Linyao Zhang, Hoi Man Wan, Carol Pui Shan Chan, Jacqueline PW Chung
Background: Stepwise removal of cytotoxic cryoprotectant and rehydration in serial osmotic solutions to prevent osmotic shock have been the central dogmas in cryobiology for mammalian embryos. The theory behind is to gradually remove cytotoxic cryoprotectants and rehydrate the embryo to minimize the damages during the vitrified-thaw processes. The whole process is time consuming and laborious routine
-
“She helped from the first minute to the last” – experiences of respectful maternal and newborn care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nampula Province, Mozambique medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Megan M Lydon, Joaquim Vilanculos, Carter Crew, Américo Barata, Emily Keyes
Pandemic-related health service adaptations raised concerns about provision of quality, respectful maternity care globally. Despite this, little research has focused on the experiences of those using intrapartum care during this time. This study aimed to elevate the voices and document the experiences of birthing people in Nampula Province, Mozambique during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a longitudinal
-
The relationship between payer type and quality of care for women undergoing emergency cesarean section at three hospitals in rural Uganda. medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jonathan Mwiindi, Rigoberto Delgado, Lee Revere, Beth Wangigi, Edward Muguthu, Priscilla Busingye
Synopsis Post-operative quality of care for emergency C-section cases, measured by length of stay in Ugandan rural hospitals, is impacted by case management. Background The study examined the relationship between payer type, and quality of care among mothers who deliver through emergency cesarean section in rural Ugandan hospitals. Methods We analyzed retrospective, de-identified patient data from
-
Added value of serum proteins to clinical and ultrasound information in predicting the risk of malignancy in ovarian tumors medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-15 An Coosemans, Jolien Ceusters, Chiara Landolfo, Thaïs Baert, Wouter Froyman, Ruben Heremans, Gitte Thirion, Sandra Claes, Julie Oosterlynck, Roxanne Wouters, Ann Vankerckhoven, Francesca Moro, Floriana Mascilini, Adam Neumann, Anne-Sophie Van Rompuy, Dominique Schols, Jaak Billen, Toon Van Gorp, Ignace Vergote, Tom Bourne, Caroline Van Holsbeke, Valentina Chiappa, Giovanni Scambia, Antonia Testa, Daniela
Background: The ADNEX model (Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adnexa) is the best performing model to predict the risk of malignancy (binary) and type of malignancy (multiclass) in ovarian tumors. The immune system plays a role in the onset and progression of ovarian cancer. Preliminary research has suggested that immune-related biomarkers can help in the discrimination of ovarian tumors.
-
Menopausal symptom burden as a predictor of mid- to late-life cognitive function and mild behavioral impairment symptoms: A CAN-PROTECT study. medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Zahinoor Ismail, Jasper F.E. Crockford, Dylan X Guan, Gillian Einstein, Clive Ballard, Bryon Creese, Anne Corbett, Ellie Pickering, Adam Bloomfield, Pamela Roach, Eric E Smith
Background Recent evidence suggests the experience of menopausal symptoms (i.e., perimenopausal symptoms) may be associated with cognitive and behavioural changes. We investigated these two relationships in a sample of post-menopausal females. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting Participant data was collected from the Canadian Platform for Research Online to Investigate Health, Quality
-
ARVs is for HIV and cream is for HPV or precancer: Womens Perceptions and Perceived Acceptability of Self-Administered Topical Therapies for Cervical Precancer Treatment: A Qualitative Study from Kenya medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Chemtai Mungo, Aparna Ghosh Kachoria, Everlyn Adoyo, Graham Zulu, Supreet Kaur Goraya, Jackton Omoto, Cirilus Osongo, Renée M Ferrari
Background: Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate burden of global incidence and deaths from cervical cancer, despite being a preventable disease. Prevention efforts in LMICs are hindered in part by lack of access to cervical precancer treatment, due to weak health infrastructure and a lack of adequate human resources to deliver current provider-administered precancer
-
Uterine fibroids and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; results from a racially diverse high-risk cohort medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Katherine Cameron, Mostafa Borahay, Xiumei Hong, Valerie Baker, Arthur Vaught, Xiaobin Wang
Study Question: What is the impact of the presence of uterine fibroids on the risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in a predominantly urban, low-income, Black, and Hispanic population of women with ultrasound or clinically diagnosed uterine fibroids with rich phenotypic data to carefully control for potential confounders? Summary answers: The odds of HDP were 39% higher in women
-
EVALUATION OF THE RELATIOSHIP BETWEEN ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE AND PREGNANCY OUTCOME: A SCOPING REVIEW medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Innocent Okafor Eze, Oliver Ezechi, Ahmadu Shehu Mohammed, Uchenna Ifeanyi Nwagha
Background Childbirth at advanced maternal age (AMA) is increasing among women, and some studies have shown adverse outcomes. There is a need to map evidence on the subject to harness findings and identify research gaps for further studies. This scoping review aims to examine pertinent studies on AMA and its impact on pregnancy outcomes. Methods The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and
-
Uterine Fibroids and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Susan Nasab, Ethan Gough, Elisabeth Nylander, Mostafa Borahay, James Segars, Valerie Baker, Xiaobin Wang, Katherine Cameron
Objective: To examine the association between uterine fibroids and the development of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Data sources: Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception through April 2023. Study Selection and Synthesis: Cohort, case-control, or case series studies including uterine fibroid status and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
-
Development and Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Cardiotocography Interpretation medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Nicole Chiou, Nichole Young-Lin, Christopher Kelly, Tiya Tiyasirichokchai, Abdoulaye Diack, Sanmi Koyejo, Katherine Heller, Mercy Nyamewaa Asiedu
The inherent variability in the visual interpretation of cardiotocograms (CTGs) by obstetric clinical experts, both intra- and inter-observer, presents a substantial challenge in obstetric care. In response, we investigate automated CTG interpretation as a potential solution to enhance the early detection of fetal hypoxia during labor, which has the potential to reduce unnecessary operative interventions
-
Perceived acceptability of self-administered topical therapy for cervical precancer treatment among women undergoing cervical cancer screening in Kenya medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Chemtai Mungo, Grace Ellis, Mercy Rop, Yating Zou, Jackton Omoto, Lisa Rahangdale
Purpose: Innovative strategies are urgently needed to meet the World Health Organizations 2030 target of treating 90% of women with precancerous cervical lesions, especially in countries most affected by cervical cancer. We assessed the acceptability of self-administered intravaginal therapies for treating cervical precancer in women undergoing cervical cancer screening and precancer treatment in Kenya
-
Fetal Growth Associated with Maternal Rheumatoid Arthritis and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Eugenia Y Chock, Zeyan Liew, Lars Henning Pedersen, Mette Oestergaard Thunbo
Background: Prior studies indicated that women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are at twice higher risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes, this include preterm births and infants with low birth weight. A wide knowledge gap exists in our current understanding of how RA and JIA affect fetal growth during pregnancy. Objective: We aimed to evaluate fetal growth
-
WITHDRAWN: Impact of spatial clustering of cytotoxic and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes on overall survival in women with high grade serous ovarian cancer medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Alex C Soupir, Mary K Townsend, Cassandra A Hathaway, Jonathan Nguyen, Carlos Moran-Segura, Daryoush Saeed-Vafa, Oscar E Ospina, Lauren C Peres, Jose R Conejo-Garcia, Kathryn L Terry, Shelley S Tworoger, Brooke L Fridley
The authors have withdrawn their manuscript owing to incorrect handling of multiple measures in the survival analysis. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
-
Exploring the Capabilities of ChatGPT in Women's Health medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Magdalena Elisabeth Bachmann, Ioana Duta, Emily Mazey, William Cooke, Manu Vatish, Gabriel Davis Jones
Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining healthcare, with Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT offering novel and powerful capabilities in processing and generating human-like information. These advancements offer potential improvements in Women's Health, particularly Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G), where diagnostic and treatment gaps have long existed. Despite its generalist
-
Identifying high-risk pre-term pregnancies using the fetal heart rate and machine learning medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Gabriel Davis Jones, William Cooke, Manu Vatish
Introduction: Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is one of the commonest and most affordable tests performed during pregnancy worldwide. It is critical for evaluating the health status of the baby, providing real-time insights into the physiology of the fetus. While the relationship between patterns in these signals and adverse pregnancy outcomes is well-established, human identification of these complex
-
Postpartum hormonal contraceptive use in Denmark during 1997-2021 medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Soren Vinther Larsen, Anders Pretzmann Mikkelsen, Kathrine Bang Madsen, Xiaoqin Liu, Trine Munk-Olsen, Vibe Gedso Frokjaer, Oejvind Lidegaard
Introduction: Hormonal contraception is used by over a quarter of a billion worldwide. In Denmark, 84% have used it before their first pregnancy. After pregnancy, mothers are routinely advised to consider contraception to avoid short interpregnancy intervals due to perinatal and maternal health risks. Yet, mothers are not recommended to start combined hormonal contraception within six weeks postpartum
-
Comparison of the ScreenFire and Xpert HPV assays for the detection of human papillomavirus and cervical precancer among women living with HIV in Malawi medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Chemtai Mungo, Anagha Guliam, Lameck Chinula, Federica Inturrisi, Lizzie Msowoya, Tawonga Mkochi, Sinyia Jawadu, Silvia de Sanjose, Mark Schiffman, Jennifer H Tang, Jennifer S Smith
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for primary cervical cancer screening, including among women living with HIV (WLWH). Low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) account for 85% of the cervical cancer burden globally, yet have limited access to HPV-based screening, largely due to cost. This study aims to compare the performance of a rapid, isothermal
-
SARS-CoV-2 infection and Pregnancy outcome: A cross-sectional study from Eastern U.P. Population, India medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Sangeeta Rai, Ashish Ashish, Shivani Mishra, Bhupendra Kumar, Kusum Kusum, Royana Singh
Pregnant women with coronavirus infection are at a higher risk for severe diseases. In the present study, we evaluated and compared clinical characteristics and outcomes in pregnancy of normal females and females with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study was a cross-sectional study. The pregnant females were examined, their blood samples were taken for Covid Panel (D-Dimer, Ferritin, IL-6, CRP, PCT (Procalcitonin));
-
Bioinformatical enrichment analysis of genes involved in the pathway of endometriosis disease medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Kusum Kusum, Ashish Ashish, Ravi Bhushan, Radha Chaube, Sangeeta Rai, Royana Singh
Endometriosis is a gynecological disease characterized by the presence of uterine (eutopic) endometrial glands and tissues outside the intra-uterine locations, in ectopic regions such as the pelvic peritoneum, fallopian tubes, or ovaries. Approximately 5-10% of reproductive and 20-50% of infertile women are affected by endometriosis. The pathogenesis of endometriosis involves various factors, including
-
The benefits and harms of oral iron supplementation in non-anaemic pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Archie Watt, Holden Eaton, Kate Eastwick-Jones, Elizabeth T Thomas, Annette Pluddemann
Objective: Iron deficiency during pregnancy poses a significant risk to both maternal and foetal health. Despite increased iron requirements during pregnancy, current UK NICE guidelines do not give clear advice on antenatal iron supplementation for non-anaemic women. We aimed to assess whether the benefits of routine antenatal supplementation outweigh potential harms for non-anaemic women. Methods:
-
A Performance Evaluation of Computerised Antepartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring: The Dawes-Redman Algorithm at Term medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Gabriel Davis Jones, Beth Albert, William Cooke, Manu Vatish
Objectives: This study aims to rigorously evaluate the Dawes-Redman computerised cardiotocography algorithm's effectiveness in assessing antepartum fetal wellbeing. It focuses on analysing the algorithm's performance using extensive clinical data, examining accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values in various scenarios. The objectives include assessing the algorithm's reliability in
-
Preeclampsia prediction with maternal and paternal polygenic risk scores: the TMM BirThree Cohort Study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Hisashi Ohseto, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Akira Narita, Ippei Takahashi, Genki Shinoda, Aoi Noda, Keiko Murakami, Masatsugu Orui, Noriyuki Iwama, Masahiro Kikuya, Hirohito Metoki, Junichi Sugawara, Gen Tamiya, Shinichi Kuriyama
Background: Genomic information from pregnant women and their husbands may provide effective biomarkers for preeclampsia. This study investigated how parental polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for blood pressure (BP) and preeclampsia are associated with preeclampsia onset and evaluated predictive performances of PRSs with clinical predictive variables. Methods: In the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth
-
Men’s perceptions and perceived acceptability of their female partner’s use of self-administered intravaginal therapies for treatment of cervical precancer in Kenya medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Chemtai Mungo, Konyin Adewumi, Grace Ellis, Mercy Rop, Everlyn Adoyo, Yating Zou, Lisa Rahangdale
Background Cervical cancer continues to be a major health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite increasing access to screening, access to precancer treatment remains a significant challenge in LMICs, highlighting a need for innovative, accessible, and resource-appropriate treatment approaches, including self-administered therapies.
-
Outcomes and reinterventions following uterine artery embolization for the treatment of uterine leiomyomata medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Jonathan G Martin, Alexis Medema
Purpose: Over the past two decades, uterine artery embolization (UAE) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment for uterine leiomyomata. While prior work has established the safety and efficacy of this procedure, there exist few reports quantifying rates of subsequent retreatment and primary ovarian insufficiency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency of reintervention and primary
-
Modelling and Preliminary Clinical Validation of Home-based Menstrual Neuromodulation Therapy medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Emile Radyte, Laura Stankeviciute, Ervinas Bernatavicius, Alexander Cook, Yvinna Tamiris Rodrigues, Tatiana Camila Lima de Alves Silva, Maria Thereza Albuquerque Barbosa Cabral Micussi, Rodrigo Pegado
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), characterised by chronic pelvic pain during menstruation, significantly impairs the quality of life for many women. This paper presents a modelling and clinical validation study of the novel Nettle device for at-home transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for alleviating PD symptoms. Specifically, we aimed to investigate the electric field patterns induced by Nettle
-
Impact of continuous labour companion- who is the best: A comprehensive meta-analysis on familiarity, training, temporal association, and geographical location medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DMCS Jayasundara, IA Jayawardane, SDS Weliange, TDKM Jayasingha, TMSSB Madugalle
Abstract Background: Continuous labour support is widely acknowledged for potentially enhancing maternal and neonatal outcomes and smoothing the labour process. However, existing literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of the optimal characteristics of labour companions, particularly in comparing the effects of trained versus untrained and familiar versus unfamiliar labour companions across diverse
-
Large-scale genome-wide association study to determine the genetic underpinnings of female genital tract polyps medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Amruta D.S. Pathare, Natàlia Pujol-Gualdo, Valentina Rukins, Jelisaveta Džigurski, Maire Peters, Estonian Biobank Research Team, Reedik Mägi, Andres Salumets, Merli Saare, Triin Laisk
STUDY QUESTION Can a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis identify the genomic risk loci and associated candidate genes for female genital tract (FGT) polyps, provide insights into the mechanism underlying their development, and inform potential overlap with other traits, including endometrial cancer? SUMMARY ANSWER GWAS meta-analysis of FGT polyps highlighted the potentially
-
Development of a spontaneous preterm birth predictive model using a panel of serum protein biomarkers for early pregnant women: A nested case-control study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Shuang Liang, Yuling Chen, Tingting Jia, Ying Chang, Wen Li, Yongjun Piao, Xu Chen
Objective: To develop a model based on first trimester maternal serum LC-MS/MS to predict spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) < 37weeks. Methods: A cohort of 2,053 women were enrolled in a tertiary maternity hospital in China from July 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019. In total, 110 singleton pregnancies (26 cases of sPTB and 84 controls) at 11-136/7 gestational weeks were used for model development and internal
-
Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Antenatal Steroid Exposure among Late Preterm Births medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Mark Allen Clapp, Jessica Cohen, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Anjali Kaimal, Scott Lorch, Jason Wright, Alexander Melamed
As the risk of preterm birth is known to vary widely, we aimed to determine if antenatal steroid exposure among LPBs varied based on sociodemographic characteristics. We hypothesized that sociodemographic factors may influence a provider's clinical judgment of a patient's likelihood of preterm birth and, therefore, also be associated with antenatal steroid use. This cross-sectional analysis used the
-
Health services provided at the time of abortion in the US: a scoping review of the qualitative and quantitative evidence medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Katherine Mahoney, Licia Bravo, Arden McAllister, Kacie Bogar, Sean Hennessy, Courtney A Schreiber, Alice Abernathy
Objectives: While it is well documented that abortion access is associated with improved health, pregnancy-related, and socioeconomic outcomes, the association between abortion access and other reproductive health outcomes is less well described. Abortion-providing clinics also offer preventative reproductive health services. We conducted a scoping review to ascertain the extent to which preventive
-
Deep Survival Analysis for Interpretable Time-Varying Prediction of Preeclampsia Risk medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Braden W Eberhard, Kathryn J Gray, David W Bates, Vesela P Kovacheva
Objective Survival analysis is widely utilized in healthcare to predict the timing of disease onset. Traditional methods of survival analysis are usually based on Cox Proportional Hazards model and assume proportional risk for all subjects. However, this assumption is rarely true for most diseases, as the underlying factors have complex, non-linear, and time-varying relationships. This concern is especially
-
UPTAKE OF REPRODUCTIVE, MATERNAL AND NEWBORN HEALTH IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KENYA medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Joyce Jebet, Ruth Muia, Abednego Ongeso, Blasio Omuga, Grace Omoni, Miriam Wagoro
Background The outbreak of COVID 19 in 2019 lead to destabilization of all sectors globally including access to health care. The strain on the health care system as a result of the disease outbreak led to a shift in operations in the health care system. Maternal and neonatal care was affected as women and their families could not freely access health care owing to the restrictions to curb the spread
-
Psychological and social risk factors and pregnancy outcome: a prospective cohort study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Elbert-Jaap I. Schipper, Klaas J. Wardenaar, Annemieke C. Bolte, Rei Monden, Titus W.D.P. van Os, Marieke Wichers, Peter de Jonge
Background Research suggests that besides somatic factors, psychological and social factors are associated with pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the independent effects of psychosocial risk factors on maternal blood pressure, gestational age at birth, birthweight and Apgar score.
-
Incidence of occult cancer in patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in situ by cervical punch biopsy or endocervical curettage medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Byung-Su Kwon, Dong Hoon Suh, Myong Cheol Lim, Kidong Kim, Chae Hyeong Lee, Hyun Hoon Chung, Yong-Beom Kim
Objectives To investigate the incidence of occult cancer in patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in situ through punch biopsy or endocervical curettage.
-
Understanding Individualized Risk of Respiratory Morbidity to Guide Shared Decision-Making Around Late Preterm Steroids medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Mark A. Clapp, Siguo Li, Jessica L. Cohen, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Anjali J. Kaimal, Amy B. Knudsen, Scott A Lorch, Tanayott Thaweethai, Jason D. Wright, Alexander Melamed
Objective To estimate the effect of antenatal steroids on the absolute risk of respiratory morbidity among subgroups of patients based on two clinical factors with known varying baseline risks of morbidity: planned mode of delivery and gestational age at presentation.
-
Disruption of maternal IgA by prenatal antibiotics precedes intestinal E. coli colonization and late-onset sepsis in neonates medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Katya McDonald, Danielle Browning, Kara G. Greenfield, Kathryn Lin, Josephine Meier, Matthew Butoryak, Alexandria Sasaki, Eva Fandozzi, Tim Hand, Christina Megli, Kathryn A. Knoop
Neonates, particularly prematurely born neonates, are particularly vulnerable to enteric pathogens. Antibiotics are widely administered during pregnancy for off-label use and prevention, but the effect on neonatal physiology has not been well characterized. Maternally derived IgA provided in milk is a predominant protective measure in the intestinal lumen of the nursing offspring. The connection between
-
Comparing Adverse Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes in Adolescent versus Adult Mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Chibuikem N. Onuzo, Promise E. Sefogah, Nelson K. Damale, Theodore K. Boafor, Alim Swarray-Deen, Kareem Mumuni
Objective Adolescent pregnancy is a major social and public health problem that burdens affected families, the communities and societies globally. It has been associated with a higher prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to pregnancy in adults. To compare adverse pregnancy outcomes in adolescents (13-19 years) and those in adults (20 to 35 years) at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra
-
Understanding diagnostic delay for endometriosis: a scoping review medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Jodie Fryer, Amanda J. Mason-Jones, Amie Woodward
Abstract Introduction Diagnostic delay for endometriosis is a well-established phenomenon. Despite this, little is known about where in the health care system these delays occur or why they occur. Our review is the first attempt to synthesise and analyse this evidence. Methods A systematic scoping review with a pre-specified protocol was used to incorporate the global mixed methods literature on diagnostic
-
Customization and acceptability of the WHO Labor care guide to improve labor monitoring among health workers in Uganda. An Iterative Development Study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Godfrey R. Mugyenyi, Josaphat Byamugisha, Wilson Tumuhimbise, Esther C. Atukunda, Fajarldo Tones Yarine
Background: Cognisant of the persistent maternal and perinatal mortality rates, the WHO has called for adoption and evaluation of new adaptable and context-specific health solutions to improve labor monitoring and health outcomes. We aimed at customizing and refining the new WHO labour care guide (LCG) to suite health care provider (HCP) needs in monitoring labour in Southwestern Uganda. Methods: We
-
Widely accessible prognostication using medical history for fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age in nationwide insured women medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Herdiantri Sufriyana, Fariska Zata Amani, Aufar Zimamuz Zaman Al Hajiri, Yu-Wei Wu, Emily Chia-Yu Su
Objectives: Prevention of fetal growth restriction/small for gestational age is adequate if screening is accurate. Ultrasound and biomarkers can achieve this goal; however, both are often inaccessible. This study aimed to develop, validate, and deploy a prognostic prediction model for screening fetal growth restriction/small for gestational age using only medical history. Methods: From a nationwide
-
Probiotic effect of trichloroacetic acid on cervicovaginal microbiota in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A pilot study medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Takeo Shibata, Ayumu Ohno, Isao Murakami, Masahiro Takakura, Toshiyuki Sasagawa, Tadashi Imanishi, Mikio Mikami
Symbiosis of bacteria and human papillomavirus (HPV) in the cervicovaginal environment influences cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) progression or regression. In this case series, we enrolled all 10 patients who had resolved CIN after a cervical local treatment using trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Prominent changes in the cervicovaginal microbiota, such as an enrichment of the genus Bifidobacterium
-
Endometriosis risk is associated with shorter anogenital distance by meta-analysis medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Bernard J. Crespi
Background Anogenital distance is a well-validated marker of prenatal testosterone, with shorter distances indicating lower levels during early gestation. A suite of studies has linked anogenital distance with risk of endometriosis, but the findings are variable, leading to uncertainty in interpretation. The relationship of anogenital distance with endometriosis is especially important because lower
-
Maternal SARS-CoV-2 impacts fetal placental macrophage programs and placenta-derived microglial models of neurodevelopment medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Lydia L. Shook, Rebecca A. Batorsky, Rose M. De Guzman, Liam T. McCrea, Sara M. Brigida, Joy E. Horng, Steven D. Sheridan, Olha Kholod, Aidan M. Cook, Jonathan Z. Li, Brittany A. Goods, Roy H. Perlis, Andrea G. Edlow
The SARS-CoV-2 virus activates maternal and placental immune responses, which in the setting of other infections occurring during pregnancy are known to impact fetal brain development. The effects of maternal immune activation on neurodevelopment are mediated at least in part by fetal brain microglia. However, microglia are inaccessible for direct analysis, and there are no validated non-invasive surrogate
-
Co-design and refinement of an optimised antenatal education session to better inform women and prepare them for labour and birth medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Abi Merriel, Miriam Toolan, Mary Lynch, Gemma Clayton, Andrew Demetri, Lucy Willis, Narendra Mampitiya, Alice Clarke, Katherine Birchenall, Chloe de Souza, Emma Harvey, Tamarind Russell-Webster, Eva Larkai, Mariusz Grzeda, Kate Rawling, Sonia Barnfield, Maggie Smith, Rachel Plachcinski, Christy Burden, Abigail Fraser, Michael Larkin, Anna Davies
Objective To co-design, implement, evaluate acceptability and refine an optimised antenatal education session to improve birth preparedness.
-
Transforming Healthcare Education: Harnessing Large Language Models for Frontline Health Worker Capacity Building using Retrieval-Augmented Generation medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-17 Yasmina Al Ghadban, Huiqi (Yvonne) Lu, Uday Adavi, Ankita Sharma, Sridevi Gara, Neelanjana Das, Bhaskar Kumar, Renu John, Praveen Devarsetty, Jane E. Hirst
In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a transformative force in several domains, including medical education and healthcare. This paper presents a case study on the practical application of using retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) based models for enhancing healthcare education in low- and middle-income countries. The model described in this paper, SMARThealth GPT, stems from
-
Factors influencing referral to maternity models of care in Australian general practice medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Jaime Thomas, Lesley Kuliukas, Jacqueline Frayne, Zoe Bradfield
Background: In the Australian maternity system, general practitioners play a vital role in advising and directing prospective parents to maternity models of care. Optimising model of care discussions and the decision-making process avoids misaligning women with over or under specialised care, reduces the potential for disruptive care transitions and unnecessary healthcare costs, and is critical in
-
Feasibility of adjuvant self-administered intravaginal 5-fluorouracil cream following primary treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 among women living with HIV in Kenya: study protocol for a pilot trial medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Chemtai Mungo, Elizabeth Bukusi, Grace E Kirkland, Cirillus Ogollah, Gershon Rota, Jackton Omoto, Lisa Rahangdale
Background Women living with HIV (WLWH), the majority of whom live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are at higher risk of cervical precancer, known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and are up to six times more likely to get cervical cancer. Current CIN treatment methods, primarily ablation or excision, have high treatment failure rates among WLWH, up to 30% for CIN grade 2 or
-
Placental transfer dynamics and durability of maternal COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibodies in infants medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Paola A. Lopez, Nadège Nziza, Tina Chen, Lydia L. Shook, Madeleine D. Burns, Stepan Demidkin, Olyvia Jasset, Babatunde Akinwunmi, Lael M. Yonker, Kathryn J. Gray, Michal A. Elovitz, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Boris D. Julg, Andrea G. Edlow
Completion of a COVID-19 vaccination series during pregnancy effectively reduces COVID-19 hospitalization among infants less than 6 months of age. Elucidating the dynamics of transplacental transfer of maternal vaccine-induced antibodies, and their persistence in infants at 2, 6, 9 and 12 months, has implications for new vaccine development and timing of vaccine administration in pregnancy to optimize
-
Clinical features of cystic neutrophil granulomatous mastitis in 62 cases medRxiv. Obstet. Gynecol. Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Mengjie Wang, Dongxiao Zhang, Na Fu, Min Liu, Hongkai Zhang, Shuo Feng, Yifei Zeng, Wenjie Zhao, Jianchun Cui, Khattak Mazher Mansoor
Background Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis (CNGM) is a rare inflammatory condition affecting the breast. Despite its rarity, understanding its pathogenesis and clinical features is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management. This study delves into the nuanced aspects of CNGM, shedding light on its unique characteristics and potential underlying mechanisms. Methods: In this meticulous