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A molecular mechanism in the antidepressant effect of ketamine Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11
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Art, Intuition, and Identity in Ramón y Cajal Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Dawn Hunter, Javier DeFelipe, Arpan R. Mehta, Bevil R. Conway
In the history of neuroscience, Cajal stands tall. Many figures in the late 19th and early 20th centuries made major contributions to neuroscience—Sherrington, Ferrier, Jackson, Holmes, Adrian, and Békésy, to name a few. But in the public mind, Cajal is unique. His application of the Golgi method, with an array of histologic stains, unlocked a wealth of new knowledge on the structure and function of
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Antidepressant response to nitrous oxide and cerebral connectivity and brain tissue pulsations Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-11
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α-Synuclein: Multiple pathogenic roles in trafficking and proteostasis pathways in Parkinson’s disease Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Annie J. Zalon, Drew J. Quiriconi, Caleb Pitcairn, Joseph R. Mazzulli
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. A hallmark of both familial and sporadic PD is the presence of Lewy body inclusions composed mainly of aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn), a presynaptic protein encoded by the SNCA gene. The mechanisms driving the relationship between α-syn accumulation and neurodegeneration
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Neural Network Excitation/Inhibition: A Key to Empathy and Empathy Impairment Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Yuanhong Tang, Chunjian Wang, Qingquan Li, Gang Liu, Da Song, Zhenzhen Quan, Yan Yan, Hong Qing
Empathy is an ability to fully understand and feel the mental states of others. We emphasize that empathy is elicited by the transmission of pain, fear, and sensory information. In clinical studies, impaired empathy has been observed in most psychiatric conditions. However, the precise impairment mechanism of the network systems on the pathogenesis of empathy impairment in psychiatric disorders is
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Excitation–Inhibition Balance, Neural Criticality, and Activities in Neuronal Circuits Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Junhao Liang, Zhuda Yang, Changsong Zhou
Neural activities in local circuits exhibit complex and multilevel dynamic features. Individual neurons spike irregularly, which is believed to originate from receiving balanced amounts of excitatory and inhibitory inputs, known as the excitation–inhibition balance. The spatial-temporal cascades of clustered neuronal spikes occur in variable sizes and durations, manifested as neural avalanches with
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COVID-19 and Long COVID: Disruption of the Neurovascular Unit, Blood-Brain Barrier, and Tight Junctions. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Duraisamy Kempuraj,Kristina K Aenlle,Jessica Cohen,Annette Mathew,Dylan Isler,Rajendra P Pangeni,Lubov Nathanson,Theoharis C Theoharides,Nancy G Klimas
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), could affect brain structure and function. SARS-CoV-2 can enter the brain through different routes, including the olfactory, trigeminal, and vagus nerves, and through blood and immunocytes. SARS-CoV-2 may also enter the brain from the peripheral blood through a disrupted blood-brain
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The Cerebellum and the Motor Cortex: Multiple Networks Controlling Multiple Aspects of Behavior. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Danny Adrian Spampinato,Elias Paolo Casula,Giacomo Koch
The cerebellum and its thalamic projections to the primary motor cortex (M1) are well known to play an essential role in executing daily actions. Anatomic investigations in animals and postmortem humans have established the reciprocal connections between these regions; however, how these pathways can shape cortical activity in behavioral contexts and help promote recovery in neuropathological conditions
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The Control of Cortical Folding: Multiple Mechanisms, Multiple Models. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Alexandra Moffat,Carol Schuurmans
The cerebral cortex develops through a carefully conscripted series of cellular and molecular events that culminate in the production of highly specialized neuronal and glial cells. During development, cortical neurons and glia acquire a precise cellular arrangement and architecture to support higher-order cognitive functioning. Decades of study using rodent models, naturally gyrencephalic animal models
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The Azalea Hypothesis of Alzheimer Disease: A Functional Iron Deficiency Promotes Neurodegeneration. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-20 Steven M LeVine
Chlorosis in azaleas is characterized by an interveinal yellowing of leaves that is typically caused by a deficiency of iron. This condition is usually due to the inability of cells to properly acquire iron as a consequence of unfavorable conditions, such as an elevated pH, rather than insufficient iron levels. The causes and effects of chlorosis were found to have similarities with those pertaining
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Plasticity of Dendritic Spines Underlies Fear Memory. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-22 Ja Eun Choi,Bong-Kiun Kaang
The brain has the powerful ability to transform experiences into anatomic maps and continuously integrate massive amounts of information to form new memories. The manner in which the brain performs these processes has been investigated extensively for decades. Emerging reports suggest that dendritic spines are the structural basis of information storage. The complex orchestration of functional and
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The Importance of Cajal's and Lorente de Nó's Neuroscience to the Birth of Cybernetics. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Juan Manuel Espinosa-Sanchez,Alex Gomez-Marin,Fernando de Castro
The beginnings of cybernetics were marked by the publication of two papers in 1943. In the first one, Rosenblueth, Wiener, and Bigelow claimed that purposeful behavior is a circular process controlled by negative feedback. In the second seminal paper, McCulloch and Pitts proposed that neurons are interconnected working as logical operators. Both articles raised human-machine analogies and mathematically
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Critical Windows: Exploring the Association Between Perinatal Trauma, Epigenetics, and Chronic Pain. Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Zoe N Kodila,Sandy R Shultz,Glenn R Yamakawa,Richelle Mychasiuk
Chronic pain is highly prevalent and burdensome, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although it emerges at any point in life, it often manifests in adolescence. Given that adolescence is a unique developmental period, additional strains associated with persistent and often idiopathic pain lead to significant long-term consequences. While there is no singular cause for the chronification of pain
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Activity-Dependent Synapse Refinement: From Mechanisms to Molecules Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Sivapratha Nagappan-Chettiar, Timothy J. Burbridge, Hisashi Umemori
The refinement of immature neuronal networks into efficient mature ones is critical to nervous system development and function. This process of synapse refinement is driven by the neuronal activity...
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BDNF: New Views of an Old Player in Traumatic Brain Injury Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Lauren P. Giesler, Richelle Mychasiuk, Sandy R. Shultz, Stuart J. McDonald
Traumatic brain injury is a common health problem affecting millions of people each year. BDNF has been investigated in the context of traumatic brain injury due to its crucial role in maintaining ...
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Enteric Glia and Brain Astroglia: Complex Communication in Health and Disease along the Gut-Brain Axis Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-04-13 Vanessa D’Antongiovanni, Carolina Pellegrini, Luca Antonioli, Chiara Ippolito, Cristina Segnani, Laura Benvenuti, Antonio D’Amati, Mariella Errede, Daniela Virgintino, Matteo Fornai, Nunzia Bernardini
Several studies have provided interesting evidence about the role of the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain in the onset and development of several pathologic conditions, includi...
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SARM1-Dependent Axon Degeneration: Nucleotide Signaling, Neurodegenerative Disorders, Toxicity, and Therapeutic Opportunities Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Helen Y. McGuinness, Weixi Gu, Yun Shi, Bostjan Kobe, Thomas Ve
Axons are an essential component of the nervous system, and axon degeneration is an early feature of many neurodegenerative disorders. The NAD+ metabolome plays an essential role in regulating axon...
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The Endoplasmic Reticulum and Its Contacts: Emerging Roles in Axon Development, Neurotransmission, and Degeneration Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Marijn Kuijpers, Phuong T. Nguyen, Volker Haucke
The neuronal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of a dynamic, tubular network that extends all the way from the soma into dendrites, axons, and synapses. This morphology gives rise to an enormous ...
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Emerging Roles of Neuronal Extracellular Vesicles at the Synapse Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-03-21 Ashley J Mason, Christopher Deppmann, Bettina Winckler
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from most, if not all, cell types and are implicated in short- and long-distance signaling throughout the body. EVs are also secreted from neurons and repr...
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Tau, RNA, and RNA-Binding Proteins: Complex Interactions in Health and Neurodegenerative Diseases Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-03-09 Evan Lester, Roy Parker
The tau protein is a key contributor to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. The pathology of tau is thought to be related to tau’s propensity to form self-templating fibrillar structures that allo...
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Bror Rexed (1914–2002) and His Pioneer Works on Spinal Cord Cytoarchitecture Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-02-02 Esra Candar, Ibrahim Demircubuk, Gulgun Sengul
Swedish neuroscientist Bror Anders Rexed lived between 1914 and 2002. He was a renowned neuroscientist and a politician who packed a lot into his 88-year life. Bror Rexed is best known for his work...
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Threat Memory in the Sensory Cortex: Insights from Olfaction Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-01-26 Wen Li, Donald A. Wilson
The amygdala has long held the center seat in the neural basis of threat conditioning. However, a rapidly growing literature has elucidated extra-amygdala circuits in this process, highlighting the...
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A Hypothalamic Perspective of Human Socioemotional Behavior Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-01-26 Andrea Caria
Historical evidence from stimulation and lesion studies in animals and humans demonstrated a close association between the hypothalamus and typical and atypical socioemotional behavior. A central h...
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Mapping the Iceberg of Autonomic Recovery: Mechanistic Underpinnings of Neuromodulation following Spinal Cord Injury Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-01-11 Soshi Samejima, Claire Shackleton, Tiev Miller, Chet T. Moritz, Thomas M. Kessler, Klaus Krogh, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov
Spinal cord injury leads to disruption in autonomic control resulting in cardiovascular, bowel, and lower urinary tract dysfunctions, all of which significantly reduce health-related quality of lif...
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Mitochondria in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Mitophagy Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2023-01-03 Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran, Javaria Baig, Ashley Selman, P. Hemachandra Reddy
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β and phosphorylated τ protein aggregates in the brain, which leads to the loss of neurons. Under the microscope, the functi...
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The Mesencephalic Locomotor Region: Multiple Cell Types, Multiple Behavioral Roles, and Multiple Implications for Disease Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Dimitri Ryczko
The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) controls locomotion in vertebrates. In humans with Parkinson disease, locomotor deficits are increasingly associated with decreased activity in the MLR. Thi...
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Genetics and Molecular Biology of Memory Suppression Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-12-15 Nathaniel C. Noyes, Ronald L. Davis
The brain is designed not only with molecules and cellular processes that help to form memories but also with molecules and cellular processes that suppress the formation and retention of memory. T...
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Oxygen and the Spark of Human Brain Evolution: Complex Interactions of Metabolism and Cortical Expansion across Development and Evolution Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Andrea I. Luppi, Fernando E. Rosas, MaryAnn P. Noonan, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Morten L. Kringelbach, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Anthony C. Vernon, Federico E. Turkheimer
Scientific theories on the functioning and dysfunction of the human brain require an understanding of its development—before and after birth and through maturation to adulthood—and its evolution. H...
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Dendritic Spines and Pain Memory Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-12-03 Curtis A. Benson, Jared F. King, Marike L. Reimer, Sierra D. Kauer, Stephen G. Waxman, Andrew M. Tan
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating form of pain arising from injury or disease of the nervous system that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms of ...
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Michelangelo’s Presentations in the Sistine Chapel: Brain Evolution and the Relationship of the Brain to Specific Cognitive Functions Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-11-19 J. Wesson Ashford, Sue Binkley Tatem
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564) presented some of the most spectacular artworks of all times in frescos on the ceiling and behind the altar of the Sistine Chapel. While Michelangelo’s presentat...
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Chemogenetic Signaling in Space and Time: Considerations for Designing Neuroscience Experiments Using DREADDs Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-11-19 Philip J. Clark, Zachary D. Brodnik, Rodrigo A. España
The use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) has led to significant advances in our understanding of the neural circuits that govern behavior. By allowing selecti...
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The Prediction of Brain Activity from Connectivity: Advances and Applications Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Michal Bernstein-Eliav, Ido Tavor
The human brain is composed of multiple, discrete, functionally specialized regions that are interconnected to form large-scale distributed networks. Using advanced brain-imaging methods and machin...
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Adenosine and Astrocytes Control Critical Periods of Neural Plasticity Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-10-15 Irene Martínez-Gallego, Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
Windows of plasticity are fundamental for the correct formation of definitive brain circuits; these periods drive sensory and motor learning during development and ultimately learning and memory in...
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Sensory Loss and Risk of Dementia Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-28 Meher Lad, William Sedley, Timothy D. Griffiths
Sensory loss in olfaction, vision, and hearing is a risk factor for dementia, but the reasons for this are unclear. This review presents the neurobiological evidence linking each sensory modality t...
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Gap Junctions in the Brain: Hardwired but Functionally Versatile Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-20 Rafael Gutiérrez
Gap junctions between neurons of the brain are thought to be present in only certain cell types, and they mostly connect dendrites, somata, and axons. Synapses with gap junctions serve bidirectiona...
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VEGF and Neuronal Survival Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-17 Paula M. Calvo, Rosendo G. Hernández, Angel M. Pastor, Rosa R. de la Cruz
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well known for its angiogenic activity, but recent evidence has revealed a neuroprotective action of this factor on injured or diseased neurons. In the ...
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Intrinsic Plasticity Mechanisms of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Emily S. King, Alexander D. Tang
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has become an increasingly popular tool to modulate neural excitability and induce neural plasticity in clinical and preclinical models; however,...
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Cyclin F, Neurodegeneration, and the Pathogenesis of ALS/FTD Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Stephanie L. Rayner, Alison Hogan, Jennilee M. Davidson, Flora Cheng, Luan Luu, Marco Morsch, Ian Blair, Roger Chung, Albert Lee
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease and is characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord. ALS is al...
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The Cerebellum as an Embodying Machine Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-09-02 Laura Petrosini, Eleonora Picerni, Andrea Termine, Carlo Fabrizio, Daniela Laricchiuta, Debora Cutuli
Whereas emotion theorists often keep their distance from the embodied approach, theorists of embodiment tend to treat emotion as a mainly physiologic process. However, intimate links between emotio...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Repair of the Injured Brain: Five Principles Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-08-13 Ruslan Rust, Christian Tackenberg
Cell therapy holds great promise for regenerative treatment of disease. Despite recent breakthroughs in clinical research, applications of cell therapies to the injured brain have not yielded the d...
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Pain and Reorganization after Amputation: Is Interoceptive Prediction a Key? Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-08-11 Thomas Weiss, Hanna Koehler, Ilona Croy
There is an ongoing discussion on the relevance of brain reorganization following amputation for phantom limb pain. Recent attempts to provide explanations for seemingly controversial findings—specifically, maladaptive plasticity versus persistent functional representation as a complementary process—acknowledged that reorganization in the primary somatosensory cortex is not sufficient to explain phantom
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The Associative Thalamus: A Switchboard for Cortical Operations and a Promising Target for Schizophrenia Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-08-08 Arghya Mukherjee, Michael M. Halassa
Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that profoundly perturbs cognitive processing. Despite the success in treating many of its symptoms, the field lacks effective methods to measure and address its impact on reasoning, inference, and decision making. Prefrontal cortical abnormalities have been well documented in schizophrenia, but additional dysfunction in the interactions between the prefrontal cortex
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Noninvasive Brain Stimulation: Multiple Effects on Cognition Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Gesa Hartwigsen, Juha Silvanto
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques are widely used tools for the study and rehabilitation of cognitive functions. Different NIBS approaches aim to enhance or impair different cognitive processes. The methodological focus for achieving this has been on stimulation protocols that are considered either inhibitory or facilitatory. However, despite more than three decades of use, their application
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Diverging from the Norm: Reevaluating What Miniature Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents Tell Us about Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Andrew G. Koesters, Mark M. Rich, Kathrin L. Engisch
The idea that the nervous system maintains a set point of network activity and homeostatically returns to that set point in the face of dramatic disruption—during development, after injury, in pathologic states, and during sleep/wake cycles—is rapidly becoming accepted as a key plasticity behavior, placing it alongside long-term potentiation and depression. The dramatic growth in studies of homeostatic
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Perineuronal Nets: Subtle Structures with Large Implications Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-23 Héctor Carceller, Yaiza Gramuntell, Patrycja Klimczak, Juan Nacher
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized structures of the extracellular matrix that surround the soma and proximal dendrites of certain neurons in the central nervous system, particularly parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Their appearance overlaps the maturation of neuronal circuits and the closure of critical periods in different regions of the brain, setting their connectivity and abruptly reducing
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The “Michelangelo Code”: The Quest for Universal Truth Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Luis E. Savastano, Robert F. Morreale, Philip I. Eliasoph, Teo Forcht- Dagi, Daniel E. Nijensohn
Michelangelo’s unparalleled frescoes in the Sistine Chapel have been traditionally construed to represent the traditional, Roman Catholic interpretation of the Seven Days of Creation in the Book of Genesis and the Last Judgement. Indeed, in September 2018, Pope Francis I offered a benediction for the Vatican’s art treasures and for “those who contributed to the Church’s history through art.” A number
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The Cerebral Cortex and the Songs of Homer: When Neuroscience Meets History and Literature Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 Paola Saccheri, Luciana Travan, Enrico Crivellato
In this article we reconsider Homer’s poetry in the light of modern achievements in neuroscience. This perspective offers some clues for examining specific patterns of brain functioning. Homer’s epics, for instance, painted a synthetic picture of the human body, emphasizing some parts and neglecting others. This led to the formation of a body schema reminiscent of a homunculus, which we call the “Homeric
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Spinal Cord fMRI: A New Window into the Central Nervous System Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-13 Nawal Kinany, Elvira Pirondini, Silvestro Micera, Dimitri Van De Ville
With the brain, the spinal cord forms the central nervous system. Initially considered a passive relay between the brain and the periphery, the spinal cord is now recognized as being active and plastic. Yet, it remains largely overlooked by the human neuroscience community, in stark contrast with the wealth of research investigating the brain. In this review, we argue that fMRI, traditionally used
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Fear Learning: An Evolving Picture for Plasticity at Synaptic Afferents to the Amygdala Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-13 Shriya Palchaudhuri, Denys Osypenko, Ralf Schneggenburger
Unraveling the neuronal mechanisms of fear learning might allow neuroscientists to make links between a learned behavior and the underlying plasticity at specific synaptic connections. In fear learning, an innocuous sensory event such as a tone (called the conditioned stimulus, CS) acquires an emotional value when paired with an aversive outcome (unconditioned stimulus, US). Here, we review earlier
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“Other Than NLRP3” Inflammasomes: Multiple Roles in Brain Disease Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-07-11 Anna Chiarini, Ubaldo Armato, Li Gui, Ilaria Dal Prà
Human neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, whose prevalence keeps rising, are still unsolved pathobiological/therapeutical problems. Among others, recent etiology hypotheses stressed as their main driver a chronic neuroinflammation, which is mediated by innate immunity-related protein oligomers: the inflammasomes. A panoply of exogenous and/or endogenous harmful agents activates inflammasomes’
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Lost in Translation: Neurotrophins Biology and Function in the Neurovascular Unit Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-29 Golnoush Mirzahosseini, Justin Mark Adam, Sanaz Nasoohi, Azza B. El-Remessy, Tauheed Ishrat
The neurovascular unit (NVU) refers to the functional building unit of the brain and the retina, where neurons, glia, and microvasculature orchestrate to meet the demand of the retina’s and brain’s function. Neurotrophins (NTs) are structural families of secreted proteins and are known for exerting neurotrophic effects on neuronal differentiation, survival, neurite outgrowth, synaptic formation, and
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Startle Disease: New Molecular Insights into an Old Neurological Disorder Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Natascha Schaefer, Robert J. Harvey, Carmen Villmann
Startle disease (SD) is characterized by enhanced startle responses, generalized muscle stiffness, unexpected falling, and fatal apnea episodes due to disturbed feedback inhibition in the spinal cord and brainstem of affected individuals. Mutations within the glycine receptor (GlyR) subunit and glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) genes have been identified in individuals with SD. Impaired inhibitory neurotransmission
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Memory: Synaptic or Cellular, That Is the Question Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Yuri I. Arshavsky
According to the commonly accepted opinion, memory engrams are formed and stored at the level of neural networks due to a change in the strength of synaptic connections between neurons. This hypothesis of synaptic plasticity (HSP), formulated by Donald Hebb in the 1940s, continues to dominate the directions of experimental studies and the interpretations of experimental results in the field. The universal
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Ferroptosis in Neurological Disease Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Samuel David, Fari Ryan, Priya Jhelum, Antje Kroner
Iron accumulation in the CNS occurs in many neurological disorders. It can contribute to neuropathology as iron is a redox-active metal that can generate free radicals. The reasons for the iron buildup in these conditions are varied and depend on which aspects of iron influx, efflux, or sequestration that help maintain iron homeostasis are dysregulated. Iron was shown recently to induce cell death
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DNA Damage and Repair in Migraine: Oxidative Stress and Beyond Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-04 Michal Fila, Aleksandra Jablkowska, Elzbieta Pawlowska, Janusz Blasiak
Energy generation in the brain to ameliorate energy deficit in migraine leads to oxidative stress as it is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may damage DNA and show a pronociceptive action in meninges mediated by transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1). Recent studies show high levels of single-strand breaks (SSBs) at specific sites in the genome of
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How Can Digital Mental Health Enhance Psychiatry? Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-06-04 Emilie Stern, Jean-Arthur MICOULAUD FRANCHI, Guillaume Dumas, Jeverson Moreira, Stephane Mouchabac, Julia Maruani, Pierre Philip, Michel Lejoyeux, Pierre A. GEOFFROY
The use of digital technologies is constantly growing around the world. The wider-spread adoption of digital technologies and solutions in the daily clinical practice in psychiatry seems to be a question of when, not if. We propose a synthesis of the scientific literature on digital technologies in psychiatry and discuss the main aspects of its possible uses and interests in psychiatry according to
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Ongoing Brain Activity and Its Role in Cognition: Dual versus Baseline Models Neuroscientist (IF 5.6) Pub Date : 2022-05-25 Georg Northoff, Deniz Vatansever, Andrea Scalabrini, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
What is the role of the brain’s ongoing activity for cognition? The predominant perspectives associate ongoing brain activity with resting state, the default-mode network (DMN), and internally oriented mentation. This triad is often contrasted with task states, non-DMN brain networks, and externally oriented mentation, together comprising a “dual model” of brain and cognition. In opposition to this