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Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor-like Lesion of the Spinal Cord: Two Case Reports Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Joris Schollaert, David Van der Planken, Sam Mampaey, Matthew Breen, Farng-Yang Foo, Rajan Jain, Johan W.M. Van Goethem
SUMMARY: We describe 2 cases of a spinal cord lesion with imaging features closely resembling those described in supratentorial multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) or infratentorial multinodular and vacuolating posterior fossa lesions of unknown significance. Multiple well-delineated nonenhancing T2-hyperintense intramedullary cystic ovoid nodules were visualized within the white matter
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Application of Spinal Subtraction and Bone Background Fusion CTA in the Accurate Diagnosis and Evaluation of Spinal Vascular Malformations Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xuehan Hu, Zhidong Yuan, Kaiyin Liang, Min Chen, Zhen Zhang, Hairong Zheng, Guanxun Cheng
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Accurate pretreatment diagnosis and assessment of spinal vascular malformations using spinal CTA are crucial for patient prognosis, but the postprocessing reconstruction may not be able to fully depict the lesions due to the complexity inherent in spinal anatomy. Our purpose was to explore the application value of the spinal subtraction and bone background fusion CTA (SSBBF-CTA)
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Diagnostic Performance of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced 3T MR Imaging for Characterization of Orbital Lesions: Validation in a Large Prospective Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Emma O’Shaughnessy, Chloé Le Cossec, Natasha Mambour, Adrien Lecoeuvre, Julien Savatovsky, Mathieu Zmuda, Loïc Duron, Augustin Lecler
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Orbital lesions are rare but serious. Their characterization remains challenging. Diagnosis is based on biopsy or surgery, which implies functional risks. It is necessary to develop noninvasive diagnostic tools. The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging at 3T when distinguishing malignant from benign orbital tumors
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Efficacy of MR Neurography of Peripheral Trigeminal Nerves: Correlation of Sunderland Grade versus Neurosensory Testing Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Shuda Xia, Tyler Thornton, Varun Ravi, Yousef Hammad, John R Zuniga, Avneesh Chhabra
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The current reference standard of diagnosis for peripheral trigeminal neuropathies (PTN) is clinical neurosensory testing (NST). MR neurography (MRN) is useful for PTN injury diagnosis, but it has only been studied in small case series. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement of Sunderland grades of nerve injury on MRN and NST by using surgical findings and final
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Prediction of Surgical Outcomes in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus by MR Elastography Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a treatable cause of dementia associated with distinct mechanical property signatures in the brain as measured by MR elastography. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that specific anatomic features of normal pressure hydrocephalus are associated with unique mechanical property alterations. Then, we tested the hypothesis that summary measures
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Imaging Biomarker for Early-Stage Alzheimer Disease: Utility of Hippocampal Histogram Analysis of Diffusion Metrics Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Biomarkers have been required for diagnosing early Alzheimer disease. We assessed the utility of hippocampal diffusion parameters for diagnosing Alzheimer disease pathology in mild cognitive impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine patients with mild cognitive impairment underwent both CSF measurement and multi-shell diffusion imaging at 3T. Based on the CSF biomarker level
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Synthesizing Contrast-Enhanced MR Images from Noncontrast MR Images Using Deep Learning Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Gowtham Murugesan, Fang F. Yu, Michael Achilleos, John DeBevits, Sahil Nalawade, Chandan Ganesh, Ben Wagner, Ananth J Madhuranthakam, Joseph A. Maldjian
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent developments in deep learning methods offer a potential solution to the need for alternative imaging methods due to concerns about the toxicity of gadolinium-based contrast agents. The purpose of the study was to synthesize virtual gadolinium contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images from noncontrast multiparametric MR images in patients with primary brain tumors by using
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Dynamic Changes in Long-Standing Multiple Sclerosis Revealed by Longitudinal Structural Network Analysis Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Hui-Qin Zhang, Jacky Chi-Yan Lee, Lu Wang, Peng Cao, Koon-Ho Chan, Henry Ka-Fung Mak
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DTI can be used to derive conventional diffusion measurements, which can measure WM abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. DTI can also be used to construct structural brain networks and derive network measurements. However, few studies have compared their sensitivity in detecting brain alterations, especially in longitudinal studies. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine
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MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy in the Setting of Aneurysm Clip Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Henrik Odéen, Lubdha M Shah, Viola Rieke, Dennis L Parker, Shervin Rahimpour
SUMMARY: We report on a 75-year-old woman with a history of right MCA aneurysm clipping and medically refractive right-hand tremor. We successfully performed focused ultrasound thalamotomy of the left ventral intermediate nucleus under MR imaging-guidance at 3T. A thorough pretreatment evaluation of MR thermometry was critical to ensure that adequate precision could be achieved at the intended target
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Effect of Clot Burden Score on Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Alteplase Prior to Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Phase 3 Trial Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Zifu Li, Yu Zhou, Xiaoxi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Yongwei Zhang, Pengfei Xing, Yongxin Zhang, Qinghai Huang, Qiang Li, Qiao Zuo, Xiaofei Ye, Jianmin Liu, Pengfei Yang, on behalf of DIRECT-MT Investigators
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whether thrombus burden in acute ischemic stroke modify the effect of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remains uncertain. We aim to investigate the treatment effect of stratified clot burden score (CBS) on the efficacy and safety of direct versus bridging MT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an exploratory subgroup analysis of a randomized trial
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Prevalence of "Ghost Infarct Core" after Endovascular Thrombectomy Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Johanna M. Ospel, Nathaniel Rex, Leon Rinkel, Nima Kashani, Brian Buck, Jeremy Rempel, Demetrios Sahlas, Michael E. Kelly, Ron Budzik, Michael Tymianski, Michael D. Hill, Mayank Goyal, On behalf of the ESCAPE-NA1 Investigators
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Baseline CTP sometimes overestimates the size of the infarct core ("ghost core" phenomenon). We investigated how often CTP overestimates infarct core compared with 24-hour imaging, and aimed to characterize the patient subgroup in whom a ghost core is most likely to occur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data are from the randomized controlled ESCAPE-NA1 trial, in which patients with
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CTA Supplemented by CTP Increases Interrater Reliability and Endovascular Treatment Use in Patients with Aneurysmal SAH Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral vasospasm is a common complication of aneurysmal SAH and remains a risk factor for delayed cerebral ischemia and poor outcome. The interrater reliability of CTA in combination with CTP has not been sufficiently studied. We aimed to investigate the reliability of CTA alone and in combination with CTP in the detection of cerebral vasospasm and the decision to initiate
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Reducing False-Positives in CT Perfusion Infarct Core Segmentation Using Contralateral Local Normalization Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Alexander Rau, Marco Reisert, Christian A. Taschner, Theo Demerath, Samer Elsheikh, Benedikt Frank, Martin Köhrmann, Horst Urbach, Elias Kellner
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The established global threshold of rCBF <30% for infarct core segmentation can lead to false-positives, as it does not account for the differences in blood flow between GM and WM and patient-individual factors, such as microangiopathy. To mitigate this problem, we suggest normalizing each voxel not only with a global reference value (ie, the median value of normally perfused
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Development of Collateral Vessels after Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion in Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke Relates to Stroke Etiology: A Longitudinal Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Manoëlle Kossorotoff, David Grévent, Charles-Joris Roux, Francis Brunelle
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The characteristics of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the acute phase of pediatric arterial ischemic stroke and their natural history according to stroke etiology are poorly explored. This studied aimed at describing the prevalence and the radiological evolution of LVO in pediatric AIS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included consecutive non-neonate
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Delayed Enhancement of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Can Better Differentiate Culprit Lesions: A Multiphase Contrast-Enhanced Vessel Wall MRI Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Beibei Sun, Lingling Wang, Xiao Li, Jin Zhang, Jianjian Zhang, Jiaqi Tian, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Jianrong Xu, Yan Zhou, Huilin Zhao, Chengcheng Zhu
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial plaque enhancement (IPE) identified by contrast-enhanced vessel wall MR imaging (VW-MR imaging) is an emerging marker of plaque instability related to stroke risk, but there was no standardized timing for postcontrast acquisition. We aim to explore the optimal postcontrast timing by using multiphase contrast-enhanced VW-MR imaging and to test its performance in
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Young Professionals in Neuroradiology: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Anna V. Trofimova, Yi Li, Parisa Mazaheri, Arun Krishnan, Seyedmehdi Payabvash, Manon Kappelhof, Judith A. Gadde
SUMMARY: The Young Professionals Committee of the American Society of Neuroradiology identifies and serves the interests of young professionals in neuroradiology, defined as those still in training or within 5 years of its completion. Being a young professional is an exciting, dynamic, and demanding stage of one’s professional career. As the landscape of neuroradiology practice changes, new opportunities
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Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology: A Narrative Review and Case Studies Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
SUMMARY: The field of patient engagement in radiology is evolving and offers ample opportunities for neuroradiologists to become involved. The patient journey can serve as a model that inspires patient engagement initiatives. The patient journey in radiology may be viewed in 5 stages: 1) awareness that an imaging test is needed, 2) considering having a specific imaging test, 3) access to imaging, 4)
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AI-Assisted Summarization of Radiologic Reports: Evaluating GPT3davinci, BARTcnn, LongT5booksum, LEDbooksum, LEDlegal, and LEDclinical Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Aichi Chien, Hubert Tang, Bhavita Jagessar, Kai-wei Chang, Nanyun Peng, Kambiz Nael, Noriko Salamon
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The review of clinical reports is an essential part of monitoring disease progression. Synthesizing multiple imaging reports is also important for clinical decisions. It is critical to aggregate information quickly and accurately. Machine learning natural language processing (NLP) models hold promise to address an unmet need for report summarization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We
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A Radiomic "Warning Sign" of Progression on Brain MRI in Individuals with MS Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Brendan S. Kelly, Prateek Mathur, Gerard McGuinness, Henry Dillon, Edward H. Lee, Kristen W. Yeom, Aonghus Lawlor, Ronan P. Killeen
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MS is a chronic progressive, idiopathic, demyelinating disorder whose diagnosis is contingent on the interpretation of MR imaging. New MR imaging lesions are an early biomarker of disease progression. We aimed to evaluate a machine learning model based on radiomics features in predicting progression on MR imaging of the brain in individuals with MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This
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Clinical and Imaging Findings in Children with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Disease (MOGAD): From Presentation to Relapse Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Elizabeth George, Jeffrey B. Russ, Alexandria Validrighi, Heather Early, Mark D. Mamlouk, Orit A. Glenn, Carla M. Francisco, Emmanuelle Waubant, Camilla Lindan, Yi Li
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of demyelinating disease in children. The purpose of this study is to characterize the CNS imaging manifestations of pediatric MOGAD and identify clinical and imaging variables associated with relapse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively identified children with
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White Matter Injury on Early-versus-Term-Equivalent Age Brain MRI in Infants Born Preterm Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sriya Roychaudhuri, Gabriel Côté-Corriveau, Carmina Erdei, Terrie E. Inder
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: White matter injury in infants born preterm is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, depending on the extent and location. White matter injury can be visualized with MR imaging in the initial weeks following preterm birth but is more commonly defined at term-equivalent-age MR imaging. Our aim was to see how white matter injury detection in MR imaging compares
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A Prospective Multi-Institutional Study Comparing the Brain Development in the Third Trimester between Opioid-Exposed and Nonexposed Fetuses Using Advanced Fetal MR Imaging Techniques Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Hyuk Jin Yun, Usha D. Nagaraj, P. Ellen Grant, Stephanie L. Merhar, Xiawei Ou, Weili Lin, Ashley Acheson, Karen Grewen, Beth M. Kline-Fath, Kiho Im
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While the adverse neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal opioid exposure on infants and children in the United States are well described, the underlying causative mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. This study aims to compare quantitative volumetric and surface-based features of the fetal brain between opioid-exposed fetuses and unexposed controls by using advanced MR
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Incidental Thalamic Lesions Identified on Brain MRI in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients: Imaging Features and Natural History Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nonspecific, localized thalamic signal abnormalities of uncertain significance are occasionally found on pediatric brain MR imaging. The goal of this study is to describe the MR imaging appearance and natural history of these lesions in children and young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated clinically acquired brain MR imaging examinations obtained
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MRI-Based Brain Volume Scoring in Cerebral Malaria Is Externally Valid and Applicable to Lower-Resolution Images Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Manu S. Goyal, Lorenna Vidal, Karen Chetcuti, Cowles Chilingulo, Khalid Ibrahim, Jeffrey Zhang, Dylan S. Small, Karl B. Seydel, Nicole O’Brien, Terrie E. Taylor, Douglas G. Postels
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Children with cerebral malaria have an elevated risk of mortality and neurologic morbidity. Both mortality and morbidity are associated with initially increased brain volume on MR imaging, as graded by the Brain Volume Score, a subjective ordinal rating scale created specifically for brain MRIs in children with cerebral malaria. For the Brain Volume Score to be more widely clinically
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Comparison of HASTE versus EPI-Based DWI for Retinoblastoma and Correlation with Prognostic Histopathologic Parameters Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Manish Sharma, Amit Gupta, Manisha Jana, Seema Kashyap, Sameer Bakhshi, Sanjay Sharma
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Non-EPI-based DWI has shown better performance in head and neck pathologies owing to lesser susceptibility artifacts compared with EPI-DWI. However, only sporadic studies have investigated the feasibility of non–EPI-based DWI in retinoblastoma (RB). We qualitatively and quantitively compared EPI-DWI and HASTE-DWI in RB and correlated the tumor ADC values obtained from these
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Quantification of T2-FLAIR Mismatch in Nonenhancing Diffuse Gliomas Using Digital Subtraction Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign on MR imaging is a highly specific imaging biomarker of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant astrocytomas, which lack 1p/19q codeletion. However, most studies using the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign have used visual assessment. This study quantified the degree of T2-FLAIR mismatch using digital subtraction of fluid-nulled T2-weighted FLAIR images from non-fluid-nulled
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Discrimination of Hemorrhage and Contrast Media in a Head Phantom on Photon-Counting Detector CT Data Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01
SUMMARY: In this anthropomorphic head phantom study, samples containing blood and contrast agent with concentrations ranging from 0 to 6 mg iodine per milliliter and another set of samples without blood for reference were scanned with a photon-counting detector CT using a standard cranial protocol. It was demonstrated that photon-counting detector CT can reliably distinguish hemorrhage and contrast
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Safety and Efficacy of Low-Profile Braided Stents versus Flow Diverters in the Reconstructive Technique in the Treatment of Patients with Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia Aneurysms: A Cohort of 47 Patients with Long-Term Follow-Up Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Zhe Ji, Chuan He, Jingwei Li, Jiewen Geng, Peng Hu, Guilin Li, Hongqi Zhang
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia aneurysm is a rare type of cerebrovascular disorder with a poor natural history, and endovascular treatment is widely accepted. Whether a high-profile braided stent (flow diverter) could promote occlusion of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia aneurysm without increasing the complications rather than a low-profile braided stent remains uncertain. The
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Transarterial Embolization of Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural AVFs as a First-Line Approach: A Single-Center Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Carl A. J. Puylaert, René van den Berg, Bert A. Coert, Bart J. Emmer
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular treatment has been increasingly used for anterior cranial fossa dural AVFs. Evidence on the safety and efficacy of different endovascular treatment strategies is limited. We report clinical and angiographic outcomes of patients with anterior cranial fossa dural AVFs who underwent treatment using transarterial embolization with n-BCA as a first-line approach. MATERIALS
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Value of Immediate Flat Panel Perfusion Imaging after Endovascular Therapy (AFTERMATH): A Proof of Concept Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Potential utility of flat panel CT perfusion imaging (FPCT-PI) performed immediately after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is unknown. We aimed to assess whether FPCT-PI obtained directly post-MT could provide additional potentially relevant information on tissue reperfusion status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single-center analysis of all patients with consecutive acute
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Assessment of Collateral Flow in Patients with Carotid Stenosis Using Random Vessel-Encoded Arterial Spin-Labeling: Comparison with Digital Subtraction Angiography Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Collateral circulation plays an important role in steno-occlusive internal carotid artery disease (ICAD) to reduce the risk of stroke. We aimed to investigate the utility of planning-free random vessel-encoded arterial spin-labeling (rVE-ASL) in assessing collateral flows in patients with ICAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients with ICAD were prospectively recruited. The
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Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Reveals Impaired Glymphatic Clearance in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Derrek Schartz, Alan Finkelstein, Nhat Hoang, Matthew T. Bender, Giovanni Schifitto, Jianhui Zhong
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pathophysiology underlying idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) remains incompletely understood. While one theory postulates impaired cerebral glymphatic clearance in IIH, there is a paucity of methods to quantify glymphatic activity in human brains. The purpose of this study was to use advanced diffusion-weighed imaging to evaluate the glymphatic clearance of IIH
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Recommended Resting-State fMRI Acquisition and Preprocessing Steps for Preoperative Mapping of Language and Motor and Visual Areas in Adult and Pediatric Patients with Brain Tumors and Epilepsy Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 V.A. Kumar, J. Lee, H.-L. Liu, J.W. Allen, C.G. Filippi, A.I. Holodny, K. Hsu, R. Jain, M.P. McAndrews, K.K. Peck, G. Shah, J.S. Shimony, S. Singh, M. Zeineh, J. Tanabe, B. Vachha, A. Vossough, K. Welker, C. Whitlow, M. Wintermark, G. Zaharchuk, H.I. Sair
Resting-state (rs) fMRI has been shown to be useful for preoperative mapping of functional areas in patients with brain tumors and epilepsy. However, its lack of standardization limits its widespread use and hinders multicenter collaboration. The American Society of Functional Neuroradiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, and the American Society of Neuroradiology Functional and Diffusion
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Newly Recognized Genetic Tumor Syndromes of the CNS in the 5th WHO Classification: Imaging Overview with Genetic Updates Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Amit Agarwal, Girish Bathla, Neetu Soni, Amit Desai, Pranav Ajmera, Dinesh Rao, Vivek Gupta, Prasanna Vibhute
SUMMARY: The nervous system is commonly involved in a wide range of genetic tumor-predisposition syndromes. The classification of genetic tumor syndromes has evolved during the past years; however, it has now become clear that these syndromes can be categorized into a relatively small number of major mechanisms, which form the basis of the new 5th edition of the World Health Organization book (beta
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Frequency of Coexistent Spinal Segment Variants: Retrospective Analysis in Asymptomatic Young Adults Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Edward S. Yoon, Farhad Pishgar, Avneesh Chhabra, Filippo Del Grande, John A. Carrino
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal segment variants are highly prevalent and can potentially lead to incorrect spinal enumeration and, consequently, interventions or surgeries at the wrong vertebral levels. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of spinal segment variants and to study the potential association among these variants in a population without histories of spine symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
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Prevalence of Incidental Extraspinal Findings on MR Imaging of the Lumbar Spine in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND: Low back pain is common worldwide. MR imaging may identify extraspinal findings that are not related to the proposed clinical question. The prevalence of extraspinal incidental findings and their clinical significance has not been well-established. PURPOSE: This review aimed to evaluate the prevalence of extraspinal findings on MR imaging of the lumbar spine in adults and the prevalence
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Lateral Decubitus Dynamic CT Myelography with Real-Time Bolus Tracking (dCTM-BT) for Evaluation of CSF-Venous Fistulas: Diagnostic Yield Stratified by Brain Imaging Findings Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Thien J. Huynh, Donna Parizadeh, Ahmed K. Ahmed, Christopher T. Gandia, Hal C. Davison, John V. Murray, Ian T. Mark, Ajay A. Madhavan, Darya Shlapak, Todd D. Rozen, Waleed Brinjikji, Prasanna Vibhute, Vivek Gupta, Kacie Brewer, Olga Fermo
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: CSF-venous fistulas (CVFs) associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) may have a transient appearance, relative to contrast arrival, which may influence the diagnostic performance of lateral decubitus CT myelography (CTM). We developed a dynamic CTM protocol using real-time bolus-tracking (dCTM-BT) to improve the temporal resolution and standardize the timing
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Temporal Characteristics of CSF-Venous Fistulas on Dynamic Decubitus CT Myelography: A Retrospective Multi-Institution Cohort Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Andrew L. Callen, Mo Fakhri, Vincent M. Timpone, Ashesh A. Thaker, William P. Dillon, Vinil N. Shah
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: CSF-venous fistula can be diagnosed with dynamic decubitus CT myelography. This study aimed to analyze the temporal characteristics of CSF-venous fistula visualization on multiphase decubitus CT myelography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, multisite study was conducted on patients diagnosed with CSF-venous fistula at 2 institutions between June 2017 and February 2023
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Application of a Denoising High-Resolution Deep Convolutional Neural Network to Improve Conspicuity of CSF-Venous Fistulas on Photon-Counting CT Myelography Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ajay A. Madhavan, Jeremy K. Cutsforth-Gregory, Waleed Brinjikji, John C. Benson, Felix E. Diehn, Ian T. Mark, Jared T. Verdoorn, Zhongxing Zhou, Lifeng Yu
SUMMARY: Photon-counting detector CT myelography is a recently described technique that has several advantages for the detection of CSF-venous fistulas, one of which is improved spatial resolution. To maximally leverage the high spatial resolution of photon-counting detector CT, a sharp kernel and a thin section reconstruction are needed. Sharp kernels and thin slices often result in increased noise
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Delayed Gadolinium Leakage in Ocular Structures on Brain MR Imaging: Prevalence and Associated Factors Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Richard Olatunji, Timothy Reynold Lim, Blair Jones, Monica Tafur, Shobhit Mathur, Amy W. Lin, Aditya Bharatha, Suradech Suthiphosuwan
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gadolinium leakage in ocular structures (GLOS) is characterized by hyperintense signal in the chambers of the eye on FLAIR and has been reported in association with blood-ocular barrier breakdown in patients with ischemic strokes. The underlying mechanism of GLOS remains poorly understood; however, some studies suggest it may be part of a physiologic excretion pathway of gadolinium
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Cortical Thin Patch Fraction Reflects Disease Burden in MS: The Mosaic Approach Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Marlene Tahedl, Tun Wiltgen, Cui Ci Voon, Achim Berthele, Jan S. Kirschke, Bernhard Hemmer, Mark Mühlau, Claus Zimmer, Benedikt Wiestler
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: GM pathology plays an essential role in MS disability progression, emphasizing the importance of neuroradiologic biomarkers to capture the heterogeneity of cortical disease burden. This study aimed to assess the validity of a patch-wise, individual interpretation of cortical thickness data to identify GM pathology, the "mosaic approach," which was previously suggested as a biomarker
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Central Vein Sign in Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparison Study of the Diagnostic Performance of 3T versus 7T MRI Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An early and accurate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis remains challenging in clinical neurology. Established diagnostic methods have less than desirable sensitivity and specificity. An accurate, noninvasive diagnostic test for MS could have a major impact on diagnostic criteria. We compared the frequency of detection of the central vein sign (CVS) in white matter lesions of
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Prevalence of Developmental Venous Anomalies in Association with Sporadic Cavernous Malformations on 7T MRI Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Petrice M. Cogswell, Jay J. Pillai, Giuseppe Lanzino, Kelly D. Flemming
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The etiology of sporadic cavernous malformations is not well-understood. However, recent evidence suggests that they may arise from a developmental venous anomaly. The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of developmental venous anomalies associated with sporadic cavernous malformations using 7T MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients
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Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin G Antibody-Associated Disorders: Association with Clinical Disability Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Akifumi Hagiwara, Yuji Tomizawa, Yasunobu Hoshino, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Koji Kamagata, Towa Sekine, Kaito Takabayashi, Moto Nakaya, Tomoko Maekawa, Toshiaki Akashi, Akihiko Wada, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Nobutaka Hattori, Shigeki Aoki
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Impaired glymphatic function has been suggested to be implicated in the pathophysiology of MS and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. This study aimed to investigate the interstitial fluid dynamics in the brain in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorders (MOGAD), another demyelinating disorder, using a noninvasive
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Disconnection-Based Prediction of Poststroke Dysphagia Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dysphagia is a common deficit after a stroke and is associated with serious complications. It is not yet fully clear which brain regions are directly related to swallowing. Previous lesion symptom mapping studies may have overlooked structural disconnections that could be responsible for poststroke dysphagia. Here, we aimed to predict and explain the relationship between poststroke
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CTA and CTP for Detecting Distal Medium Vessel Occlusions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND: The optimal imaging method for detecting distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) remains undefined. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of CTA with CTP in detecting DMVOs. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to March 31, 2023 (PROSPERO: CRD42022344006). STUDY
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The Choroid Plexus as an Alternative Locus for the Identification of the Arterial Input Function for Calculating Cerebral Perfusion Metrics Using MRI Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging–based cerebral perfusion metrics can be obtained by tracing the passage of a bolus of contrast through the microvasculature of the brain parenchyma. Thus, the temporal signal pattern of the contrast agent is typically measured over a large artery such as the MCA to generate the arterial input function. The largest intracranial arteries in the brain may not always
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Assessing Perfusion in Steno-Occlusive Cerebrovascular Disease Using Transient Hypoxia-Induced Deoxyhemoglobin as a Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Agent Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ece Su Sayin, James Duffin, Vittorio Stumpo, Jacopo Bellomo, Marco Piccirelli, Julien Poublanc, Vepeson Wijeya, Andrea Para, Athina Pangalu, Andrea Bink, Bence Nemeth, Zsolt Kulcsar, David J. Mikulis, Joseph A. Fisher, Olivia Sobczyk, Jorn Fierstra
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Resting brain tissue perfusion in cerebral steno-occlusive vascular disease can be assessed by MR imaging using gadolinium-based susceptibility contrast agents. Recently, transient hypoxia-induced deoxyhemoglobin has been investigated as a noninvasive MR imaging contrast agent. Here we present a comparison of resting perfusion metrics using transient hypoxia-induced deoxyhemoglobin
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Determinants and Clinical Relevance of Iodine Contrast Extravasation after Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Dual-Energy CT Study Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Iodine contrast extravasation (ICE) is common in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular-thrombectomy (EVT). The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of ICE assessed by dual-energy CT (DECT), its determinants, and associations with clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively examined imaging parameters and clinical factors from
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Ischemic Stroke Thrombus Perviousness Is Associated with Distinguishable Proteomic Features and Susceptibility to ADAMTS13-Augmented Thrombolysis Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Derrek Schartz, Sajal Medha K. Akkipeddi, Redi Rahmani, Nathaniel Ellens, Clifton Houk, Gurkirat Singh Kohli, Logan Worley, Kevin Welle, Tarun Bhalla, Thomas Mattingly, Craig Morrell, Matthew T. Bender
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Perviousness is the differential attenuation on CT of an intracranial arterial occlusive thrombus before and after IV contrast administration. While perviousness/permeability has been shown to be related to various clinical outcomes and reflects histopathologic composition, it remains unclear whether perviousness is also associated with differences in proteomic composition.
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Correlation of Flow Diverter Malapposition at the Aneurysm Neck with Incomplete Aneurysm Occlusion in Patients with Small Intracranial Aneurysms: A Single-Center Experience Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Shuhai Long, Shuailong Shi, Qi Tian, Zhuangzhuang Wei, Ji Ma, Ye Wang, Jie Yang, Xinwei Han, Tengfei Li
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Flow diversion treatment repairs aneurysms by altering the hemodynamics of the aneurysmal sac and providing a scaffold for endothelial cell adhesion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of flow diverter (FD) malapposition at the aneurysm neck with incomplete occlusion of small intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and investigate other factors that are possibly
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The Pediatric Neuroradiologist's Practical Guide to Capture and Evaluate Pre- and Postoperative Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Michael S. Kuwabara, Thomas J. Sitzman, Kathryn A. Szymanski, Jamie L. Perry, Jeffrey H. Miller, Patricia Cornejo
SUMMARY: Up to 30% of children with cleft palate will develop a severe speech disorder known as velopharyngeal insufficiency. Management of velopharyngeal insufficiency typically involves structural and functional assessment of the velum and pharynx by endoscopy and/or videofluoroscopy. These methods cannot provide direct evaluation of underlying velopharyngeal musculature. MR imaging offers an ideal
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MR Thermometry during Transcranial MR Imaging-Guided Focused Ultrasound Procedures: A Review Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Raghav R. Mattay, Kisoo Kim, Lubdha Shah, Bhavya Shah, Leo Sugrue, Fatima Safoora, Eugene Ozhinsky, Kazim H. Narsinh
SUMMARY: Interest in transcranial MR imaging–guided focused ultrasound procedures has recently grown. These incisionless procedures enable precise focal ablation of brain tissue using real-time monitoring by MR thermometry. This article will provide an updated review on clinically applicable technical underpinnings and considerations of proton resonance frequency MR thermometry, the most common clinically
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Automated Determination of the H3 K27-Altered Status in Spinal Cord Diffuse Midline Glioma by Radiomics Based on T2-Weighted MR Images Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Junjie Li, YongZhi Wang, Jinyuan Weng, Liying Qu, Minghao Wu, Min Guo, Jun Sun, Geli Hu, Xiaodong Gong, Xing Liu, Yunyun Duan, Zhizheng Zhuo, Wenqing Jia, Yaou Liu
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Conventional MR imaging is not sufficient to discern the H3 K27-altered status of spinal cord diffuse midline glioma. This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based model based on preoperative T2WI to determine the H3 K27-altered status of spinal cord diffuse midline glioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-seven patients with confirmed spinal cord diffuse midline gliomas were retrospectively
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Accuracy of Noncontrast T2 SPACE in Active MS Cord Lesion Detection Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Anousheh Sayah, Elias Khayat, Earn-Chun C. Lee, Erini V. Makariou
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The diagnosis of active MS lesions is often based on postgadolinium T1-weighted MR imaging. Recent studies suggest a risk of IV gadolinium to patients, predominantly based on gadolinium deposition in tissue. Noncontrast sequences have shown promise in MS diagnosis, but none differentiate acute from chronic MS lesions. We hypothesized that 3D T2 sampling perfection with application-optimized
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T1-Weighted, Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Perfusion Imaging Can Differentiate between Treatment Success and Failure in Spine Metastases Undergoing Radiation Therapy Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Current imaging techniques have difficulty differentiating treatment success and failure in spinal metastases undergoing radiation therapy. This study investigated the correlation between changes in dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging perfusion parameters and clinical outcomes following radiation therapy for spinal metastases. We hypothesized that perfusion parameters will
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Automatic Quantification of Normal Brain Gyrification Patterns and Changes in Fetuses with Polymicrogyria and Lissencephaly Based on MRI Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Bossmat Yehuda, Aviad Rabinowich, Daphna Link-Sourani, Netanell Avisdris, Ori Ben-Zvi, Bella Specktor-Fadida, Leo Joskowicz, Liat Ben-Sira, Elka Miller, Dafna Ben Bashat
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The current imaging assessment of fetal brain gyrification is performed qualitatively and subjectively using sonography and MR imaging. A few previous studies have suggested methods for quantification of fetal gyrification based on 3D reconstructed MR imaging, which requires unique data and is time-consuming. In this study, we aimed to develop an automatic pipeline for gyrification
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CT of the Larynx: Is an Additional High-Resolution Acquisition Necessary for Diagnostic Accuracy? Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Eva Chau, Katie S. Traylor, Barton F. Branstetter
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diagnostic CT of the larynx is historically performed with a protocol that combines a standard neck CT with dedicated imaging through the larynx. Multichannel CT scanners, however, allow high-resolution reformatted images of the larynx to be created directly from the initial neck acquisition data. The purpose of this study was to determine whether reformatted laryngeal images
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Comparison of Quantitative Hippocampal Volumes and Structured Scoring Scales in Predicting Alzheimer Disease Diagnosis Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain imaging plays an important role in investigating patients with cognitive decline and ruling out secondary causes of dementia. This study compares the diagnostic value of quantitative hippocampal volumes derived from automated volumetric software and structured scoring scales in differentiating Alzheimer disease, mild cognitive impairment, and subjective cognitive decline
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Quantification of Thalamic Atrophy in MS: From the Multicenter Italian Neuroimaging Network Initiative Data Set to Clinical Application Am. J. Neuroradiol. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Loredana Storelli, Elisabetta Pagani, Patrizia Pantano, Antonio Gallo, Nicola De Stefano, Maria A. Rocca, Massimo Filippi, for the INNI Network
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Thalamic atrophy occurs from the earliest phases of MS; however, this measure is not included in clinical practice. Our purpose was to obtain a reliable segmentation of the thalamus in MS by comparing existing automatic methods cross-sectionally and longitudinally. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 141 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (mean age, 38 years; range, 19–58