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History of Cholestasis is not Associated with Worsening Outcomes in Subsequent Pregnancy with Cholestasis Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Minhazur R. Sarker, Chelsea A. Debolt, Dana Canfield, Lauren Ferrara
Objective Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including intrauterine fetal demise, spontaneous preterm labor, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Studies have yet to determine if patients with a history of pregnancy complicated by cholestasis had an association with more severe adverse outcomes in a subsequent pregnancy complicated by cholestasis. Study
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Design and Implementation of a Didactic Curriculum in a Large Neonatal–Perinatal Medicine Fellowship Program: A Single-center Experience Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Shanmukha Mukthapuram, Beth Ann Johnson, Cara Slagle, John Erickson, Beena D. Kamath-Rayne, Jennifer M. Brady
Objective Although the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) provide regulations and guidance on fellowship didactic education, each program establishes their own didactic schedules to address these learning needs. Wide variation exists in content, educators, amount of protected educational time, and the format for didactic lectures. This inconsistency
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Comparison of National Factor-based Models for Preeclampsia Screening Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Louise Ghesquière, Emmanuel Bujold, Eric Dubé, Nils Chaillet
Objective This study aimed to compare the predictive values of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) factor-based models for preeclampsia (PE) screening. Study Design We conducted a secondary analysis of maternal and birth data from 32 hospitals
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Rehospitalization Following Discharge from Newborn Nursery during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Kristen Ronca, Laura Vazquez, Eleanor Bathory, Suhas Nafday
Objective This study aimed to compare rehospitalization rates, diagnoses, and well-baby nursery (WBN) length of stay (LOS) among rehospitalized infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic to those born prior. Study Design A retrospective comparison of 215 infants rehospitalized from March 1, 2019 to March 1, 2021 was performed in an urban academic center. Rates of readmission were determined for all
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Temporal Trend in Maternal Morbidity and Comorbidity Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yara H. Diab, Jim Huang, Lea Nehme, George Saade, Tetsuya Kawakita
Objective This study aimed to examine the temporal trends of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in the U.S. population in relation to trends in maternal comorbidity. Study Design We performed a repeated cross-sectional analysis of data from individuals at 20 weeks' gestation or greater using U.S. birth certificate data from 2011 to 2021. Our primary outcome was SMM defined as the occurrence of intensive
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Neonatal Outcomes among Fetuses with an Abdominal Circumference <3rd %ile and Estimated Fetal Weight 3rd to 9th %ile Compared to Fetuses with an EFW <3rd %ile Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Rebecca Horgan, Lea Nehme, Hannah J. Jensen, Anika P. Shah, Ryan Saal, Kazuma Onishi, Tetsuya Kawakita, Juliana G. Martins, Alfred Abuhamad
Objective Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is defined as an estimated fetal weight (EFW) or abdominal circumference (AC) <10th percentile (%ile) for gestational age (GA). An EFW <3rd %ile for GA is considered severe FGR (sFGR). It remains unknown if fetuses with isolated AC <3rd %ile should be considered sFGR. Our primary objective was to assess composite neonatal outcomes in fetuses with an AC <3rd
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Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as Important Risk Factors for Gestational Metabolic Dysfunction Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Mariana Rocha, Keziah Daniels, Suchitra Chandrasekaran, Vasiliki Michopoulos
Gestational metabolic diseases adversely impact the health of pregnant persons and their offspring. Pregnant persons of color are impacted disproportionately by gestational metabolic disease, highlighting the need to identify additional risk factors contributing to racial-ethnic pregnancy-related health disparities. Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with increased
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Respiratory Severity Score and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at Age 3 Years in Extremely Preterm Infants Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Kei Tamai, Akihito Takeuchi, Makoto Nakamura, Naomi Matsumoto, Takashi Yorifuji, Misao Kageyama
Objective We aimed to examine the association between respiratory severity score (RSS; mean airway pressure × fraction of inspired oxygen) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants. Study Design This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. We analyzed data from extremely preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Okayama Medical Center between
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Continuous Neuromuscular Blockade for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Emily D. Johnson, Kristopher Keppel, LeAnn McNamara, Joseph M. Collaco, Renee D. Boss
Objective Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common late morbidity for premature infants. Continuous neuromuscular blockade (CNMB) is suggested for the most unstable phase of BPD, despite no outcome data. We explored the association between duration of CNMB for severe BPD and mortality. Design Medical record review of children <5 years old admitted from 2016 to 2022 with BPD and one or more
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A Description of IVIG Use in Term Neonates with ABO Incompatibility Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Michael Daunov, Andrea Schlosser, Sindhoosha Malay, Jaclyn Adams, Rachael Clark, Lauren Ferrerosa, Irina Pateva
Objective This study aimed to determine if treatment with IVIG of neonates with ABO incompatibility (without Rh incompatibility) results in decreased number of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions and phototherapy use. Study Design An Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved, single-institution retrospective study was conducted. Neonates ≥38 weeks' gestational age born between January 1, 2007
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Postnatal Steroids Use for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in a Quaternary Care NICU Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Uthayakumaran Kanagaraj, Jason Tan, Amuchou Soraisham, Abhay Lodha, Prakesh Shah, Tapas Kulkarni, Sandesh Shivananda
Objective Intercenter variation and trends in postnatal steroids (PNS) use among preterm infants for prevention or treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is known. Understanding intracenter PNS use patterns facilitate implementation of center-specific change interventions to optimize outcomes. This study aimed to (i) quantify the proportion of infants who received PNS, and describe the timing
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Sonographic Predictors of Antepartum Bleeding in Placenta Previa Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
Objective To evaluate the association between sonographic features of placenta previa and vaginal bleeding (VB). Study Design Retrospective cohort study of women with placenta previa identified on ultrasound between 160/7 and 276/7 weeks gestation. Placental distance past the cervical os (DPO), placental thickness, edge angle, and cervical length (CL) were measured. The primary outcome was any VB and
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Performance of a Maternal Risk Stratification System for Predicting Low Apgar Scores Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Thomas P. Kishkovich, Kaitlyn E. James, Thomas H. McCoy, Roy H. Perlis, Anjali J. Kaimal, Mark A. Clapp
Objective Maternal risk stratification systems are increasingly employed in predicting and preventing obstetric complications. These systems focus primarily on maternal morbidity, and few tools exist to stratify neonatal risk. We sought to determine if a maternal risk stratification score was associated with neonatal morbidity. Study Design Retrospective cohort study of patients with liveborn infants
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Artificial Intelligence to Determine Fetal Sex Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Emily H. Frisch, Anant Jain, Mike Jin, Erik P. Duhaime, Amol Malshe, Steve Corey, Robert Allen, Nicole M. Duggan, Chanel E. Fischetti
Objective This proof-of-concept study assessed how confidently an artificial intelligence (AI) model can determine the sex of a fetus from an ultrasound image. Study Design Analysis was performed using 19,212 ultrasound image slices from a high-volume fetal sex determination practice. This dataset was split into a training set (11,769) and test set (7,443). A computer vision model was trained using
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Intimate Partner Violence and Depression Screening of Mothers with Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Sujata Desai, Karen Stanzo, Beverley Benskin, Kristina Cardenas, Tiffany W. Gilkey, Arpitha Chiruvolu
Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence of partner violence and depression in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) mothers. Study Design This was a descriptive study. Mothers were screened in a safe room away from their partner with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Abuse Assessment Screen Tool (AAS) within 2 days of the newborn's admission. The EPDS was administered
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Heart Rate Variability as a Prognostic Tool for Gastroschisis Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Critical Unit Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Chioma Moneme, Sherry L. Kausch, Briana M. Belmonte, Mark A. Fleming II, Daniel E. Levin, Brynne A. Sullivan
Objective Gastroschisis is the most common congenital abdominal wall defect, with an increasing incidence. It results in extrusion of abdominal contents with associated delayed intestinal motility. Abnormal heart rate characteristics (HRCs) such as decreased variability occur due to the inflammatory response to sepsis in preterm infants. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that infants with gastroschisis
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Maternal Hemodynamics from Preconception to Delivery: Research and Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications: Position Statement by Italian Association of Pre-Eclampsia and Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Barbara Vasapollo, Sara Zullino, Gian Paolo Novelli, Daniele Farsetti, Serena Ottanelli, Sara Clemenza, Massimo Micaglio, Enrico Ferrazzi, Daniela Denis Di Martino, Tullio Ghi, Elvira Di Pasquo, Rossana Orabona, Paola Corbella, Maria Grazia Frigo, Federico Prefumo, Tamara Stampalija, Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo, Herbert Valensise, Federico Mecacci
Objective The Italian Association of Preeclampsia (AIPE) and the Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine (SIMP) developed clinical questions on maternal hemodynamics state of the art. Study Design AIPE and SIMP experts were divided in small groups and were invited to propose an overview of the existing literature on specific topics related to the clinical questions proposed, developing, wherever possible
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Reference Ranges for Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation with Masimo O3® after Birth and Differences with Other Devices Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Luis Bachiller Carnicero, Sonia Caserío Carbonero
Objective Cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive optical technology widely used in neonatology. The present study aimed to define reference ranges for cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (crSO2) with a new four-wavelength NIRS device, Masimo O3® oximeter, during immediate transition after birth and compare values with those obtained previously with NIRO 200NX®. Study
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Gut Microbiota and Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
Objective To characterize the relationship between gut microbiota and neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers based on the gut-kidney axis. Study Design The Pubmed database was primarily searched to include relevant literature on gut microbiota and neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers, which was subsequently organized and analyzed and a manuscript was written. Results Gut microbiota was associated
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Infection and Sepsis Trends during United States' Delivery Hospitalizations from 2000 to 2020 Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Lilly Y. Liu, Alexander M. Friedman, Dena Goffman, Lisa Nathan, Jean-Ju Sheen, Uma M. Reddy, Mary E. D'Alton, Timothy Wen
Objective This study aimed to evaluate trends, risk factors, and outcomes associated with infections and sepsis during delivery hospitalizations in the United States. Study Design The 2000–2020 National Inpatient Sample was used for this repeated cross-sectional analysis. Delivery hospitalizations of patients aged 15 to 54 with and without infection and sepsis were identified. Common infection diagnoses
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Are Racial Disparities in Cesarean Due to Differences in Labor Induction Management? Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
Objective While there are known racial disparities in cesarean delivery (CD) rates, the exact etiologies for these disparities are multifaceted. We aimed to determine if differences in induction of labor (IOL) management contribute to these disparities. Study Design This retrospective cohort study evaluated all nulliparous patients with an unfavorable cervix and intact membranes who underwent IOL of
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Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on the Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Xuxin Chen, Shazia Bhombal, David M. Kwiatkowski, Michael Ma, Valerie Y. Chock
Objective To investigate the association of congenital heart disease (CHD) with morbidity and mortality of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Study Design This matched case–control study included VLBW infants born at a single institution between 2001 and 2015. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), sepsis, retinopathy
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Neonatal Period Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Sinem Akbay Ak, Buse Soysal, Ezgi Yangın Ergon, Oguz Han Kalkanlı, Yuce Ayhan, Senem Alkan Ozdemir, Sebnem Calkavur, Tulin Gokmen Yıldırım
Objective Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral respiratory infection in infants. This study aimed to establish the potential changes in the clinical course of RSV in the neonatal period with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. Study Design During the observational study period, newborns diagnosed with community-acquired RSV infection and admitted to the
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Development of a Prediction Model for Surgery or Early Mortality at the Time of Initial Assessment for Necrotizing Enterocolitis Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Sujir P. Nayak, Mariela Sánchez-Rosado, Jordan D. Reis, L. Steven Brown, Kate L. Mangona, Priya Sharma, David B. Nelson, Myra H. Wyckoff, Samir Pandya, Imran N. Mir, Luc P. Brion
Objective No available scale, at the time of initial evaluation for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), accurately predicts, that is, with an area under the curve (AUC) ≥0.9, which preterm infants will undergo surgery for NEC stage III or die within a week. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study (n = 261) of preterm infants with <33 weeks' gestation or <1,500 g birthweight with either suspected
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Sleep Quality in Individuals with and without Persistent Postpartum Hypertension Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Tiffany L. Wang, Samantha G. Bryan, Arundhathi Jeyabalan, Francesca L. Facco, Robin E. Gandley, Carl A. Hubel, Janet M. Catov, Alisse K. Hauspurg
Objective This study aimed to compare sleep quality at 1 year postpartum following a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) among individuals with persistent postpartum hypertension (HTN) compared with those with normal blood pressures (BPs). Study Design We combined data from the Heart Health 4 New Moms pilot randomized trial (n = 118) and the Pathways prospective cohort study (n = 36). Individuals
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Implementation of In-Hospital Postpartum Glucose Tolerance Testing for People with Gestational Diabetes Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Nina K. Ayala, Audra C. Fain, Megan M. Smith, Lauren E. Schlichting, Maureen S. Hamel, Erika F. Werner
Objective We aimed to evaluate uptake of the glucose tolerance test performed during delivery hospitalization as part of routine clinical care. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of people with GDM at a tertiary center. We collected 9 months of postimplementation data after the in-hospital (“early”) glucose tolerance test was adopted as a routine screening option. Adherence was compared
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Immediate Postpartum Breastfeeding Following Pregnancy with Cardiac Disease Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Yolanda Tinajero, Nisha I. Parikh, Ian S. Harris, Juan M. Gonzalez, Anushree Agarwal, Nasim C. Sobhani
Objective This study aimed to identify predictors of immediate postpartum breastfeeding among women with maternal cardiac disease (MCD). Study Design This study included all gravidas with MCD who delivered at a single institution from 2012 to 2018. Charts were abstracted for maternal demographics, obstetrical outcome, cardiac diagnoses, cardiac risk stratification scores, and prepregnancy echocardiogram
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Risk Profiling In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancies that Develop Placenta Accreta Spectrum Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Anna M. Modest, Brett D. Einerson, Albaro J. Nieto, Vineet K. Shrivastava, Alireza A. Shamshirsaz, Scott A. Shainker, on behalf of the Pan American Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Objective The objective of this study is to assess whether, among a cohort of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) patients, antenatal suspicion of PAS was less likely in in vitro fertilization (IVF) compared with non-IVF patients. In addition, we aimed to assess whether IVF patients exhibited similar risk factors for PAS compared with non-IVF patients. Study Design This is an international multicenter
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NuMoM2b Study Insights: Primary Exposures, Outcomes, and Directions for Future Research Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Leanna Kragenbrink, Claire M. Schopper, Rebecca B. McNeil, William A. Grobman, Robert M. Silver, David M. Haas
Objective To summarize the publications to date from a large obstetric cohort of nulliparous individuals. Study design We summarized all of the publications from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b). We descriptively summarized the most common outcomes and exposures reported in current publications. Results Fifty-six publications to date are discussed. The most
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Early-Pregnancy Resilience Characteristics Before Versus During the COVID-19 Pandemic Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Nina K. Ayala, Audra C. Fain, Tess E.K. Cersonsky, Erika F. Werner, Emily S. Miller, Melissa A. Clark, Adam K. Lewkowitz
Objective Resilience is associated with mental and somatic health benefits. Given the social, physical, and mental health toll of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we examined whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with population-level changes in resilience among pregnant people. Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of nulliparous pregnant people <20 weeks'
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Optimal Delivery Management for the Prevention of Early Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19
Objective Delivery management interventions (DMIs) were recommended to prevent delivery-associated transmission of maternal SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) to infants without evidence of effect on early neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection (ENI) and neonatal death <28 days of life (ND). This systematic review describes different DMI combinations and the frequency of ENI and ND
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Variability in Practice and Implementation of Oxygen Target Saturation Policies in United States' Neonatal Intensive Care Units Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19
Objective This study aimed to describe target oxygen saturation (SpO2) ranges used for premature infants in United States' neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and to describe if these target SpO2 ranges have changed in recent years. Study Design A 29-question survey focused on target SpO2 practices and policies was distributed via the NICU medical directors listservs for the American Academy of Pediatrics
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Infant Mortality Categorized by Birth Weight Percentiles for Deliveries Between 22 and 28 Weeks of Gestation Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Kazuma Onishi, Christiana Bitas, Tetsuya Kawakita
Objective Our objective was to describe infant mortality within 1 year of life according to gestational age and birth weight percentile in infants delivered between 22 and 28 weeks of gestation. Study Design This study was a retrospective cohort study based on publicly available U.S. birth certificate data linked to infant death data between 2014 and 2020. Maternal–neonate pairs of singleton live births
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Factors Associated with the Uptake of Long-acting Reversible Contraception and Contraceptive Use in Postpartum People with HIV at a Single Tertiary Care Center Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Lara Youniss, Lilian Bui, Helen Cejtin, Julie Schmidt, Ashish Premkumar
Objective This study aimed to elucidate factors contributing to uptake of highly effective contraception, including permanent contraception, and no contraceptive plan among postpartum people with HIV (PWHIV). Study Design A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to correlate postpartum birth control (PPBC) with sociodemographic and biomedical variables among postpartum PWHIV who received care
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Should Ocular Hemorrhage Screening be Conducted in Newborns with Acidosis? Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Sezin Unal, Caner Kara, Nihal Demirel, Seza Petriçli, Sumru Kavurt, Elif Uzlu, Mehtap Durukan, Ahmet Yagmur Bas
Objective Ocular hemorrhages (OHs) may cause visual disturbances and incidence vary from 18 to 39% in newborns. Precipitated/instrumental delivery and perinatal asphyxia were predefined risk factors. Acidosis can interfere with coagulation and disrupt the pressure of ocular capillaries and put infants with moderate acidosis with or without hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy at risk for OH. We aimed to
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Intimate Partner Violence Detected during Abortion-Related Visits: A Systematic Review of Screenings and Interventions Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16
Objective To perform a systematic review of screening tools and interventions focused on reducing adverse health outcomes associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) at abortion-related visits. Study Design Studies were eligible if they included individuals seeking pregnancy options health care services in the United States, screening for or implementation of an intervention for IPV, and were published
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Validation of a Costing Algorithm and Cost Drivers for Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16
Objective Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) account for over 35% of pediatric in-hospital costs. A better understanding of NICU expenditures may help identify areas of improvements. This study aimed to validate the Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN) costing algorithm for seven case-mix groups with actual costs incurred in a tertiary NICU and explore drivers of cost. Study Design A retrospective cohort
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Phenobarbital as a Sedation Strategy to Reduce Opioid and Benzodiazepine Burden in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Vilmaris Quinones Cardona, Emma Byrne, Michelle Mejia, Swosti Joshi, Ogechukwu Menkiti
Objective The study aims to describe our experience with the implementation of phenobarbital as a primary sedation strategy during neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Study Design Retrospective chart review in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit between 2011 and 2021 comparing neonatal ECMO patients before and after the implementation of a sedation-analgesia (SA) protocol using
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Substantiating and Adopting Lung Ultrasound Scores to Predict Surfactant Need in Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome within an Institution Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-12
Objective Administering surfactant timely and appropriately is important to minimize lung injury but remains challenging in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. The published literature supports that lung ultrasound (LUS) score can predict surfactant need. Neonatal LUS scanning specification and parameter setting guidelines have been recently published for standardization. However,
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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure versus Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation in Preterm Neonates: What if Mean Airway Pressures were Equivalent? Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-09
Respiratory support for preterm neonates in modern neonatal intensive care units is predominantly with the use of noninvasive interfaces. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) are the prototypical and most commonly utilized forms of noninvasive respiratory support, and each has unique gas flow characteristics. In meta-analyses of clinical
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Single-center Experience with Therapeutic Hypothermia for Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy in Infants with <36 Weeks' Gestation Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Patricia Moran, Kelsey Sullivan, Santina A. Zanelli, Jennifer Burnsed
Objective Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has improved outcomes and mortality in infants with >36 weeks' gestational age (GA) with moderate-to-severe HIE. There are limited data on the safety and efficacy of TH in preterm infants with HIE. This study describes our experience and examines the safety of TH in
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Early Echocardiographic Predictors of Eventual Need for Patent Ductus Arteriosus Treatment: A Retrospective Study Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Jenny Koo, Nohemi Torres, Anup Katheria
Objective Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm neonates is associated with end-organ injury including intraventricular hemorrhage. Early treatment may reduce morbidities but may result in overtreatment. This study aimed to examine the association between commonly obtained echocardiographic markers within the first 12 hours of life and eventual treatment of an hsPDA
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Fetal Growth and Adiposity of Infants Born Large for Gestational Age in Three Harmonized Randomized Trials Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Amanda J. Poprzeczny, Jennie Louise, Andrea R. Deussen, Jodie M. Dodd
Objective Infants born large for gestational age (LGA) are at an increased risk of short- and longer-term adverse outcomes. Understanding fetal growth and adiposity and their trajectories may help inform interventions to prevent birth of LGA infants. We aimed to compare fetal growth and adiposity measures of infants born LGA with those born not LGA, to determine whether the discrepancy at birth was
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Effect of Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate Exposure on Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature Infants Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Emel Okulu, Elvis Kraja, Yasemin Ezgi Kostekci, Erdal Seker, Mehmet Seckin Ozisik, Doğacan Sarısoy, Batuhan Aslan, Maide Selin Çakır, Ferhan Demirtaş, Mehmet Gökhan Ramoğlu, Tayfun Uçar, Omer Erdeve, Begum Atasay, Acar Koc, Saadet Arsan
Objective Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) provides effective fetal neuroprotection. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the association between antenatal MgSO4 exposure and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Thus, herein, we aimed to evaluate the association between antenatal MgSO4 exposure and PDA. Study Design Preterm infants born between 240/7 and 316/7 weeks of gestation were included in this
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Implicit Bias and Health Disparities Education in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-06
Objective This study aimed to characterize implicit bias (IB) and health disparities (HD) education in neonatal–perinatal medicine (NPM), including current educational opportunities, resources, and barriers. Study Design A national web-based survey was sent to NPM fellows, neonatologists, and frontline providers after iterative review by education experts from the National Neonatology Curriculum Committee
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What is the Opinion of the Health Care Personnel Regarding the Use of Different Assistive Tools to Improve the Quality of Neonatal Resuscitation? Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30
Objective It is important to determine whether the use of different quality improvement tools in neonatal resuscitation is well-received by health care teams and improves coordination and perceived quality of the stabilization of the newborn at birth. This study aimed to explore the satisfaction of personnel involved in resuscitation for infants under 32 weeks of gestational age (<32 wGA) at birth
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Trends and Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity Indicator Categories during Childbirth Hospitalization in California from 1997 to 2017 Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Alison M. El Ayadi, Audrey Lyndon, Peiyi Kan, Mahasin S. Mujahid, Stephanie A. Leonard, Elliott K. Main, Suzan L. Carmichael
Objective Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is increasing and characterized by substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Analyzing trends and disparities across time by etiologic or organ system groups instead of an aggregated index may inform specific, actionable pathways to equitable care. We explored trends and racial and ethnic disparities in seven SMM categories at childbirth hospitalization. Study
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Effect of Maternal Preeclampsia on Cardiac Structure and Function in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-24
Objective We aimed to determine whether exposure to severe maternal preeclampsia (PE) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is associated with hypertrophic cardiac changes and altered hemodynamics. Study Design Case–control study of VLBW infants born at Los Angeles General Medical Center from May 2015 to August 2023, who had an echocardiogram within the first 7 days of life. Cases were infants exposed
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Risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity Associated with Maternal Comorbidity Burden and Social Vulnerability Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Moti Gulersen, Alejandro Alvarez, Fernando Suarez, Insaf Kouba, Burton Rochelson, Adriann Combs, Michael Nimaroff, Matthew J. Blitz
Objective We evaluated the associations of the obstetric comorbidity index (OB-CMI) and social vulnerability index (SVI) with severe maternal morbidity (SMM). Study Design Multicenter retrospective cohort study of all patients who delivered (gestational age > 20 weeks) within a university health system from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. OB-CMI scores were assigned to patients using clinical
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Continuous Glucose Monitoring Feedback in the Subsequent Development of Gestational Diabetes: A Pilot, Randomized, Controlled Trial in Pregnant Women Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Phaik Ling Quah, Lay Kok Tan, Ngee Lek, Shephali Tagore, Bernard Su Min Chern, Seng Bin Ang, Ann Wright, Serene Pei Ting Thain, Kok Hian Tan
Objective This study evaluated the effects of receiving glucose feedback from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) by intermittent scanning (unblinded group), and CGM with masked feedback (blinded group) in the subsequent development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Study Design This was a prospective, single-center, pilot, randomized controlled trial including n = 206 pregnant women in the first
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Association of Mild Iodine Insufficiency during Pregnancy with Child Neurodevelopment in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism or Hypothyroxinemia Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Brian M. Casey, Lisa Mele, Alan M. Peaceman, Michael W. Varner, Uma M. Reddy, Ronald J. Wapner, John M. Thorp Jr., George R. Saade, Alan T.N. Tita, Dwight J. Rouse, Baha M. Sibai, Maged M. Costantine, Brian M. Mercer, Steve N. Caritis, for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network, Bethesda, MD, USA
Objective Our objective was to evaluate whether iodine status in pregnant patients with either subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia in the first half of pregnancy is associated with measures of behavior and neurodevelopment in children through the age of 5 years. Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter study consisting of two randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled
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Validation of Three Models for Prediction of Blood Transfusion during Cesarean Delivery Admission Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Ann M. Bruno, Jerome J. Federspiel, Paula McGee, Luis D. Pacheco, George R. Saade, Samuel Parry, Monica Longo, Alan T.N. Tita, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Suneet P. Chauhan, Brett D. Einerson, Kara Rood, Dwight J. Rouse, Jennifer Bailit, William A. Grobman, Hyagriv N. Simhan, for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network
Objective Prediction of blood transfusion during delivery admission allows for clinical preparedness and risk mitigation. Although prediction models have been developed and adopted into practice, their external validation is limited. We aimed to evaluate the performance of three blood transfusion prediction models in a U.S. cohort of individuals undergoing cesarean delivery. Study Design This was a
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Prediction Models for Successful External Cephalic Version: An Updated Systematic Review Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Rahul Sai Yerrabelli, Claire Lee, Peggy K. Palsgaard, Alexa R. Lauinger, Omer Abdelsalam, Valerie Jennings
Objective To review the decision aids currently available or being developed to predict a patient's odds that their external cephalic version (ECV) will be successful. Study Design We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2015 to 2022. Articles from a pre-2015 systematic review were also included. We selected English-language articles describing or evaluating models
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Routine Echocardiography is not Required in Neonates with Arterial Ischemic Stroke Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Indira Bhagat, Rohan Sarkar, Jayapalli R. Bapuraj, Subrata Sarkar
Objective Current guidelines suggest routine echocardiography (ECHO) in the acute phase to exclude a cardiac source for neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS). However, the commonly assumed embolic origin from a cardiac source for NAIS is challenged and the need for ECHO in NAIS remains questionable, especially during the era of standard fetal anomaly scanning. Our hypothesis is that any complex
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Maternal COVID-19 Infection Associated with Fetal Systemic Inflammatory Complications in COVID-19-Negative Neonates: A Case-Series Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Devin McKissic, Francisco A. Perez, Mihai Puia-Dumitrescu, Ramah Ryan, D Taylor Hendrixson, Zeenia Billimoria, Robert DiGeronimo, Taylor Sawyer
Objective This study aimed to examine fetal and neonatal inflammatory and neurologic complications associated with maternal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Study Design Case-series using a convenience sample of neonates cared for in a large referral-based children's hospital neonatal intensive care unit between September 2021 and May 2022. Results We identified seven neonates with exposure
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A Novel Integrated Clinical–Biochemical–Radiological and Sonographic Classification of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Yasser Elsayed, Deepak Louis, Martha Hinton, Mary Seshia, Ruben Alvaro, Shyamala Dakshinamurti
Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of clinical, laboratory, and radiological markers and the neonatologist-performed intestinal ultrasound (NP-IUS) for treatment interventions in preterm neonates who developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Study Design This was a case–control study of preterm neonates < 35 weeks with a diagnostic workup for NEC. The diagnostic workup included
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Hemoglobin on Admission for Childbirth and Postpartum Acute Care Use in a Southeastern Health Care System Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11
Objective Our objective was to evaluate whether hemoglobin on admission for childbirth is associated with postpartum acute care use (ACU). Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients giving birth at a southeastern quaternary care hospital from January 2018 through June 2021 using electronic health records. Predelivery hemoglobin was categorized as <9, 9– < 10, 10– < 11, 11– < 12
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Adolescent Kidney Outcomes after Extremely Preterm Birth and Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury: There May be More to the Story Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ryan Lupo, Emily Chang, Erica C. Bjornstad, T Michael O'Shea, Keia R. Sanderson
Objective Among children born extremely preterm (EP), the antecedents of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including neonatal acute kidney injury (nAKI), are not well characterized. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort pilot study. Participants (n = 36) were adolescents born before 28 weeks of gestation enrolled at birth into the extremely low gestational age newborn study, between 2002 and 2004
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Preoperative Application of Chlorhexidine to Reduce Infection with Cesarean Delivery after Labor (PRACTICAL): A Randomized Clinical Trial Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-31 Chelsea A. DeBolt, Manasa G. Rao, Leslie Warren, Shaelyn Johnson, Patricia Rekawek, Elianna Kaplowitz, Jessica Overbey, Keisha Paul, Nicola Tavella, Johanna Monro, Joanne Stone, Angela Bianco
Objective To evaluate whether use of both preoperative 2% chlorhexidine gluconate abdominal cloth and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate vaginal scrub is effective in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing cesarean delivery after labor. Study Design This is a single-center, randomized clinical trial in which patients were randomized 1:1 to receive 2% chlorhexidine gluconate cloth applied
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Grand Multiparity and Obstetric Outcomes in a Contemporary Cohort: The Role of Increasing Parity Am. J. Perinatol. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-31 Chelsea A. DeBolt, Manasa G. Rao, Meghana A. Limaye, Viktoriya London, Deepika Sagaram, Ashley S. Roman, Howard Minkoff, Peter S. Bernstein, Jessica R. Overbey, Elianna Kaplowitz, Rachel Meislin, Lorraine E. Toner, Amrin Khander, Catherine A. Bigelow, Joanne Stone
Objective Evidence is inconsistent regarding grand multiparity and its association with adverse obstetric outcomes. Few large American cohorts of grand multiparas have been studied. We assessed if increasing parity among grand multiparas is associated with increased odds of adverse perinatal outcomes. Study Design Multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with parity ≥ 5 who delivered a singleton