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Global relevance of MGRS growth standards: the case of India BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Vandana Prasad, Dipa Sinha, Rohit James Joseph
The most common measures of childhood undernutrition are based on anthropometric measures such as height-for-age (stunting/chronic undernutrition) and weight-for-height (wasting/acute undernutrition). It is well recognised that the determinants of undernutrition are multiple, including food intake, dietary diversity, health, sanitation and women’s status. Currently, most countries across the world
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Postoperative pain and pain management following selective dorsal rhizotomy BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Isabel G Adams, Ramanie Jayaweera, Jennifer Lewis, Nadia Badawi, Mohamed E Abdel-Latif, Simon Paget
Background Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a neurosurgical procedure that reduces lower limb spasticity, performed in some children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Effective pain management after SDR is essential for early rehabilitation. This study aimed to describe the anaesthetic and early pain management, pain and adverse events in children following SDR. Methods This was a retrospective
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Successful child sexual violence prevention efforts start with data: how the Violence Against Children and Youth Survey helped curb the tide of child sexual violence in 20 countries BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Laura Chiang, Stephanie Miedema, Janet Saul, James Mercy, Andrew Brooks, Alexander Butchart, Gretchen Bachman, Jennifer Hegle, Daniela Ligiero, Joseph Logan, Greta Massetti
Violence against children is a pervasive global public health and human rights issue, with 1 billion children experiencing at least one form of violence annually.1 Extensive scientific literature shows childhood adversity, including sexual violence, to be directly and indirectly associated with a host of health and social consequences with a dose–response effect, consequential intergenerational impacts
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Adolescents’ reasons for accessing their health records online, perceived usefulness and experienced provider encouragement: a national survey in Sweden BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Josefin Hagström, Charlotte Blease, Isabella Scandurra, Jonas Moll, Åsa Cajander, Hanife Rexhepi, Maria Hägglund
Background Having online access to electronic health records (EHRs) may help patients become engaged in their care at an early age. However, little is known about adolescents using patient portals. A national survey conducted within the Nordic eHealth project NORDeHEALTH provided an important opportunity to advance our understanding of adolescent users of patient portals. The present study explored
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Management of severe ME/CFS in children and young people in the UK: a British Paediatric Surveillance Unit study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Alexander Peter Royston, Sarah Burge, Ilaria Idini, Amberly Brigden, Katharine Claire Pike
Objective Severe myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in children and young people (CYP) is a little-understood condition which significantly impacts education, development and quality of life. We used data from a population-wide surveillance study to explore the screening investigation, referral and management of suspected cases of paediatric severe ME/CFS. Methods A British
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Developing a core outcome set for the health outcomes for children and adults with congenital oesophageal atresia and/or tracheo-oesophageal fistula: OCELOT task group study protocol BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Jonathan Ducey, Nick Lansdale, Sarah Gorst, Lucy Bray, Nadine Teunissen, Paul Cullis, Julia Faulkner, Victoria Gray, Lucia Gutierrez Gammino, Graham Slater, Laura Baird, Alex Adams, Julia Brendel, Adam Donne, Eniola Folaranmi, Laura Hopwood, Anna-May Long, Paul D Losty, Dan Benscoter, Corné de Vos, Sebastian King, Tom Kovesi, Usha Krishnan, Shireen A Nah, Lin Yin Ong, Mike Rutter, Warwick J Teague
Introduction Heterogeneity in reported outcomes of infants with oesophageal atresia (OA) with or without tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) prevents effective data pooling. Core outcome sets (COS) have been developed for many conditions to standardise outcome reporting, facilitate meta-analysis and improve the relevance of research for patients and families. Our aim is to develop an internationally-agreed
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Infant death from accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed in England and Wales: rare or unrecognised events? BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Joanna Jane Garstang, Marivjena Menka
Background Mandatory joint police and healthcare investigations of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) have been in place since 2008 in England. These include death scene examination with cause of death determined at multiprofessional case conference. Detailed evidence on sleep arrangements is available for most cases potentially leading to more being identified as due to accidental suffocation
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Assessment of parental satisfaction with paediatric health services in public sector tertiary hospitals within a low-income setting using Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18) BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Babar Naeem, Javeria Nasim, Amna Anwar, Sheh Noor, Aqdas Arshad, Mohammad Zamrood Khan, Muhammad Ahmed, Imad Ali Shah
Introduction Patient satisfaction is an integral part of healthcare quality, impacting treatment adherence, patient loyalty and healthcare utilisation. Parental satisfaction is particularly crucial as parents influence decision-making for their child’s healthcare. Objective The objective was to assess parental satisfaction levels (as measured by Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 (PSQ-18)) related
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Underdiagnosis in clinical documentation of community-acquired sepsis among children admitted to hospitals in two rural provinces: Thailand, October–December 2017 BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Rewa Choudhary, Peeriya Watakulsin, Pitiphon Promduangsi, Nuttagarn Chuenchom, Supachoke Khemla, Woradee Lurchachaiwong, Philip Mock, James D Heffelfinger, John R MacArthur, Emily Bloss, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Carol Y Rao
Paediatric sepsis prevalence data from low-income and middle-income countries are lacking. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed clinician recognition and documentation of non-neonatal community-acquired paediatric sepsis in two rural border provinces in Thailand among children admitted between October and December 2017. Of the 152 children meeting sepsis criteria (26.9 paediatric sepsis patients
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Therapeutic hypothermia after perinatal asphyxia in Vietnam: medium-term outcomes at 18 months – a prospective cohort study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Hang Thi Thanh Tran, Ha Thi Le, Dien Minh Tran, Giang Thi Huong Nguyen, Lena Hellström-Westas, Tobias Alfven, Linus Olson
Aim To determine neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months after therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) infants in Vietnam, a low-middle-income country. Method Prospective cohort study investigating outcomes at 18 months in severely asphyxiated outborn infants who underwent therapeutic hypothermia for HIE in Hanoi, Vietnam, during the time period 2016–2019. Survivors were
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Modification of the Paediatric Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease Symptom and Quality of Life Questionnaire (PGSQ) for children with cerebral palsy: a preliminary study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sarah Mills, Catherine Tuffrey, Lee Tbaily, Mark Tighe
Objective Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition affecting children, characterised by the passage of gastric contents into the oesophagus causing pain, vomiting and regurgitation. Children with neurodisability (such as cerebral palsy; CP) are predisposed to more severe GORD due to coexisting gut dysmotility and exclusive/supplementary liquid diet; however, there are no existing
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Dental caries and associated factors among preschool children in Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Amanuel Adugna, Gossa Fetene Abebe, Desalegn Girma, Melsew Setegn Alie
Background Dental caries is a global public health problem, especially for young children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors among preschool children in Mizan Aman town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 October to 1 December 2022. A total of 354 children and their parents participated using simple
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Gaza, armed conflict and child health BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Yamina Boukari, Ayesha Kadir, Tony Waterston, Prudence Jarrett, Christian Harkensee, Erin Dexter, Erva Nur Cinar, Kerry Blackett, Hadjer Nacer, Amy Stevens, Delanjathan Devakumar
Gaza, part of the occupied Palestinian territory and home to almost 2.3 million people, has been under Israeli blockade for the past 16 years and under occupation for decades. On 7 October 2023, Palestinian armed groups launched an assault on Israel killing 1200 Israelis and foreign nationals, mostly civilians and including 36 children, and abducting hostages, at least 30 of whom are children.1 2 Following
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Insulin resistance prior to term age in very low birthweight infants: a prospective study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Itay Zamir, Elisabeth Stoltz Sjöström, Johannes van den Berg, Estelle Naumburg, Magnus Domellöf
Objective To explore the glucose-related hormone profile of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants and assess the association between neonatal hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance during the admission period. Design A prospective observational study—the Very Low Birth Weight Infants, Glucose and Hormonal Profiles over Time study. Setting A tertiary neonatal intensive care unit and four neonatal units
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Study protocol of a national multicentre prospective evaluation study assessing the validity and impact of the Dutch Paediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) in the Netherlands BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Jikke Stevens, Janke de Groot, Marie Luijmes, Janneke Bouwens, Hester Rippen, Janneke Hoogervorst-Schilp, Joris Fuijkschot
Introduction Early recognition of clinical deterioration and timely intervention are important to improve morbidity and mortality in paediatric care. The Paediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) is a scoring system aiming to identify hospitalised children at risk for deterioration. Currently, there is a large heterogeneity of PEWS systems in the Netherlands, with a considerable number remaining unvalidated
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Prevalence and causes of ocular disorders and visual impairment among preterm children in Ethiopia BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sadik Taju Sherief, Lulu M Muhe, Amha Mekasha, Asrat Demtse, Asim Ali
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, causes of ocular disorders and visual impairment among preterm children previously admitted to neonatal intensive care units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods and analysis A prospective screening survey was conducted from February to June 2019 at the paediatric eye clinic of Menelik II Hospital. Children who were preterm at birth and
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Global, regional and national burden of retinopathy of prematurity among childhood and adolescent: a spatiotemporal analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Sufang Wang, Jun Liu, Xiurong Zhang, Yonggang Liu, Jiaxin Li, Hao Wang, Xiaoyang Luo, Shunming Liu, Lei Liu, Jie Zhang
Background This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of burden estimates and the secular trend of vision loss due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among people younger than 20 years, at the global, regional and national levels. Methods Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to quantify the
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Role of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in critically ill children with hospital-acquired pneumonia: an observational study in hospital with controls BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Nagwan Yossery Saleh, Shimaa Elshafy Soliman, Mohammed Adel Aboukoura, Mohamed Ibrahim Garib
Background Diagnosing hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) (ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and non-ventilator associated pneumonia (Non-VAP)) is still a hot issue. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is prognostic in critically ill children with sepsis regarding mortality prediction. Our aim was to evaluate suPAR levels in children with HAP. Methods An observational, prospective
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Analysis of tweets discussing the risk of Mpox among children and young people in school (May–October 2022): a retrospective observational study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ben Knudsen, Tracy Beth Høeg, Vinay Prasad
Objective To determine the number of tweets discussing the risk of Mpox to children and young people in school and (1) determine accuracy, (2) for inaccurate tweets, determine if risk was minimised or exaggerated and (3) describe the characteristics of the accounts and tweets which contained accurate versus inaccurate information. Design Retrospective observational study. Setting Twitter advanced search
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Mental Health Admissions to Paediatric Wards Study (MAPS): a protocol for the analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Lee Duncan Hudson, Joseph Ward, Adriana Vázquez-Vázquez, Kate Settle, Francesca Cornaglia, Faith Gibson, Kirsty Phillips, Gabrielle Mathews, Helen Roberts, Damian Roland, Dasha E Nicholls, Holly Elphinstone, Russell Viner
Introduction Children and young people (CYP) presenting with a mental health (MH) crisis are frequently admitted to general acute paediatric wards as a place of safety. Prior to the pandemic, a survey in England showed that CYP occupied 6% of general paediatric inpatient beds due to an MH crisis, and there have been longstanding concerns about the quality of care to support these patients in this setting
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Quality of life in congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors treated at a non-ECMO centre from 1998 to 2015: a cross-sectional study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ulla Lei Larsen, Steven Aagaard Christensen, Anne Maria Herskind, Thomas Strøm, Palle Toft, Susanne Halken
Background Survival of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has increased and more insight is warranted on the long-term issues of this condition. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on consecutively born infants with CDH treated at a non-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation centre (ECMO) from 1998 to 2015. Quality of life was evaluated using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory
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Mental Health Admissions to Paediatric Wards Study (MAPS): protocol of a prospective study of mental health admissions to paediatric wards in England using surveillance and qualitative methods BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Lee Duncan Hudson, Adriana Vázquez-Vázquez, Faith Gibson, Kirsty Phillips, Gabrielle Mathews, Helen Roberts, Francesca Cornaglia, Damian Roland, Joseph Ward, Dasha E Nicholls, Holly Elphinstone, Russell Viner
Introduction Children and young people (CYP) presenting with a mental health (MH) crisis are frequently admitted to general acute paediatric wards as a place of safety. Prior to the pandemic, a survey in England showed that CYP occupied 6% of general paediatric inpatient beds due to an MH crisis, and there have been longstanding concerns about the quality of care to support these patients in this setting
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Strategies for healthcare professionals to identify and assist migrant children at risk of labour exploitation or trafficking BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Jordan Greenbaum, Melissa I M Torres, Phuong T Nguyen, John H Coverdale, Mollie R Gordon
Increasingly large numbers of children and youth are migrating across international borders with many seeking employment in both formal and informal work sectors. These young people are at high risk of exploitation. Healthcare professionals need to be able to recognise vulnerable patients and advocate for their protection and safety, yet there is a paucity of literature that provides guidance on how
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Diagnostic accuracy of foot length measurement for identification of preterm newborn in rural Sindh, Pakistan BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Shiyam Sundar Tikmani, Nick Brown, Alijaan Inayat, Andreas Mårtensson, Sarah Saleem, Thomas Mårtensson
Introduction Assessing gestational age accurately is crucial for saving preterm newborns. In low and middle-income countries, such as Pakistan, where access to antenatal ultrasonography (A-USG) is limited, alternative methods are needed. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of foot length (FL) measurement for identifying preterm newborns in rural Pakistan using A-USG as the reference standard
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Cleft lip and/or palate mortality trends in the USA: a retrospective population-based study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ryan S Huang, Andrew Mihalache, Karen W Y Wong Riff
Background Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. Although CL/P management may require a series of interventions, mortality resulting from CL/P alone is rare. This study aims to examine recent trends of CL/P mortality rates in the USA. Methods A retrospective population-based study was conducted using official US birth and death certificate data from
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Interventions to improve continence for children and young people with neurodisability: a national survey of practitioner and family perspectives and experiences BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Helen Eke, Susan Ball, Annette Allinson, Rob Anderson, Harriet Hunt, Eve Hutton, Claire Lindsay, Stuart Logan, Nicholas Madden, Julia Melluish, Davina Richardson, June Rogers, Jo Thompson Coon, Rebecca Whear, Anne Wright, Christopher Morris
Objective Describe families’ experiences of interventions to improve continence in children and young people with neurodisability, and health professionals’ and school and social care staff’s perspectives regarding factors affecting intervention use. Design Four online surveys were developed and advertised to parent carers, young people with neurodisability, health professionals and school and social
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Normal saline for children with bronchiolitis: study protocol for a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Marika Nathalie Schmidt, Rie Daugberg, Ulrikka Nygaard, Xiaohui Chen Nielsen, Bo Chawes, Maren Heilskov Rytter, Ann-Marie Malby Schoos
Introduction Bronchiolitis is one of the most common reasons for hospital admissions in early childhood. As supportive treatment, some treatment guidelines suggest using nasal irrigation with normal saline (NS) to facilitate clearance of mucus from the airways. In addition, most paediatric departments in Denmark use nebulised NS for the same purpose, which can mainly be administered as inpatient care
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Initial intravenous immunoglobulin therapy without aspirin for acute Kawasaki disease: a retrospective cohort study with a Bayesian inference BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ken Hayashi, Chisato Miyakoshi, Shinsuke Hoshino, Naho Kobayashi, Ryo Nakajima, Hironori Sagawa, Toshikazu Hayashiya, Atsushi Suzuki, Chie Aota, Setsuko Nishijima, Yasuyo Shimizu, Masaru Yamakawa, Etsuko Tsuda
Objective To clarify the necessity of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) administration combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in the treatment of acute Kawasaki disease. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Multicentre. Participants This study included 735 patients with Kawasaki disease aged ≤10 years and hospitalised between 4 and 10 days of illness in eight Japanese hospitals from
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Maternal anaemia during early pregnancy and the risk of neonatal outcomes: a prospective cohort study in Central China BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Yige Chen, Taowei Zhong, Xinli Song, Senmao Zhang, Mengting Sun, Xiaoying Liu, Jianhui Wei, Jing Shu, Yiping Liu, Jiabi Qin
Background The purpose of this study was to explore the association between anaemia during early pregnancy and the risk of neonatal outcomes. Methods We collected clinical data from pregnant women (≥18 years) who received their first antenatal care between 8 and 14 weeks of gestation in Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Multiple logistic regression models and restricted cubic
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Vitamin D insufficiency in infants with increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes: a secondary analysis of the POInT Study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 An Jacobs, Maarten Warnants, Veronika Vollmuth, Christiane Winkler, Andreas Weiss, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, Markus Lundgren, Helena Elding Larsson, Olga Kordonouri, Thekla von dem Berge, Marie-Luise Zielmann, Ezio Bonifacio, Angela Hommel, Mariusz Ołtarzewski, Agnieszka Szypowska, Rachel Besser, John A. Todd, Kristina Casteels
Background Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) may be a factor in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study is to investigate the presence and persistence of VDI in a large cohort of infants with increased risk of developing T1D, in light of the differences in local supplementation guidelines. Methods In the POInT Study, a multicentre primary prevention study between February 2018 and
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Heated and humidified high flow therapy (HHHFT) in extreme and very preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS): a retrospective cohort from a tertiary care setting in Pakistan BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Vikram Kumar Kessani, Fatima Hemani, Iqrar Ali, Sana Memon, Albar Soomro, Rija Zaheer, Jai K Das, Khalid N Haque, Syed Rehan Ali
Objective To determine the role of heated humidified high flow therapy (HHHFT) as primary respiratory support in spontaneously breathing moderate-late, very and extreme preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) at a tertiary care hospital from a developing country. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Neonatal intensive care unit of Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi,
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Development and evaluation of a clinical guideline for a paediatric telemedicine service in a low-resource setting BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Molly B Klarman, Xiaofei Chi, Youseline Cajusma, Katelyn E Flaherty, Anne Carine Capois, Michel Daryl Vladimir Dofiné, Lerby Exantus, Jason Friesen, Valery Madsen Beau de Rochars, Torben Becker, Chantale Baril, Matthew J Gurka, Eric J Nelson
Objective To develop and evaluate a guideline for a paediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service (TMDS). Methods A clinical guideline for paediatric telemedicine was derived from the World Health (WHO) Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Handbook . The guideline was deployed at a TMDS in Haiti and evaluated through a prospective cohort study; children ≤10 years
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Preferences for virtual versus in-person mental and physical healthcare in Canada: a descriptive study from a cohort of youth and their parents enriched for severe mental illness BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Raegan Mazurka, Emily Howes Vallis, Lucy Chen, Kathryn Freeman, Ross Langley, Briana Ross, Swasti Arora, Mica Kahn, Cynthia Howard, Dara Liu, Jill Cumby, Maureen L Brennan, Samuel E Hickcox, Alexa L Bagnell, Lukas Propper, Barbara Pavlova, Rudolf Uher
Background Virtual care may improve access to healthcare and may be well suited to digitally connected youth, but experts caution that privacy and technology barriers could perpetuate access inequities. Success of virtual care will depend on its alignment with patient preferences. However, information on preferences for virtual and in-person healthcare is missing, especially for youth. We sought to
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Children in street situations’ access to healthcare: qualitative findings from the Street Child World Cup 2022 BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Shona Lindsay Macleod, Pia MacRae, Júlia Pimenta
Background Children in street situations (those who live or work on the street) are known to face barriers in accessing healthcare. Methods The study combined a remote survey with 33 adult non-governmental organisation (NGO) staff members, in-depth interviews with staff members of 11 NGOs and 4 formerly street-connected adult young leaders and a questionnaire with 30 street-connected children from
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ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN 2023 protocol for paediatric FAPD treatment guidelines (standard operating procedure) BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Morris Gordon, Marc A Benninga, Rachel Borlack, Osvaldo Borrelli, Ashish Chogle, Anil Darbari, Jernej Dolinsek, Jip Groen, Julie Khlevner, Carlo Di Lorenzo, Hannibal Person, Miguel Saps, Vassiliki Sinopoulou, Julie Snyder, Merit Tabbers, Nikhil Thapar, Arine Vlieger
Introduction To date, no international guidelines have been published for the treatment of paediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs), subcategorised into functional abdominal pain–not otherwise specified (FAP-NOS), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia and abdominal migraine (AM). We aim for a treatment guideline, focusing on FAP-NOS, IBS and AM, that appreciates the extensive
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Self-reported engagement in everyday activities following bilateral lung transplantation in paediatric cystic fibrosis: a single centre study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Jenny-Maree Marshall, Emma Schneider, Shenae O’Mahony, Natasha Lannin, Glen Phillip Westall, Anoo Bhopti
Introduction Following lung transplantation, it is unknown how children/adolescents self-assess their performance in everyday activities, importance of these activities, and whether resumption of everyday activities influences self-reported quality of life. The aim was to examine the effect of bilateral lung transplantation on children’s/adolescent’s perception of engagement in everyday activities
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Risk factors for unplanned readmissions in paediatric neurosurgery: a systematic review protocol BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Lance Vincent Caburian Sese, Ma Celina Legaspi Guillermo
Introduction Unplanned hospital readmission (UHR) following surgical procedures reflects patient outcomes. While adult readmission studies are abundant, limited research exists in paediatric populations, especially in the context of neurosurgery. Methods and analysis This protocol outlines a systematic review aimed at identifying reasons for unplanned readmissions (30-day and 90-day readmissions) and
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Factors associated with the response to postnatal dexamethasone use in very low birthweight infants: a nationwide cohort study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Seung Hwan Baek, Jeong Eun Shin, Jungho Han, In Gyu Song, Joonsik Park, Su Min Lee, Sungbo Shim, Ho Seon Eun, Soon Min Lee, Joohee Lim, So Jin Yoon, Wook Chang, Min Soo Park
Background Dexamethasone is widely used as a systemic corticosteroid to treat and prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. We evaluated the current epidemiology of dexamethasone use to prevent BPD and analyse the factors associated with the response to dexamethasone in very low birthweight infants using a nationwide database. Methods We included very low birthweight infants born
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Accuracy of antibiotic concentrations in drug dispensing in neonates: a laboratory-based study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Li-Yuan Zheng, Wei-Ping Gu, Na Liang, Li-Li Gao, Wen-Wen Guo, Rui-Rui Li, Xin Wang, Guo-Xiang Hao, John Van Den Anker, Yue-E Wu, Wei Zhao
Background Antibacterial therapy plays a crucial role in neonatal infections. The efficacy of antibacterial agents is closely related to the actual dose given to neonates. So we evaluated factors potentially affecting the actual dose of intravenous antibiotics during dispensing process in neonates. Methods Meropenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam with two strengths were used to
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Eliminating child labour: what needs to be done? BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ramya Subrahmanian
Projected and real increases in children’s work and labour during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic1 between 2020 and 2022 point to a harsh reality in many parts of the world–child labour still remains a major coping strategy for families when faced with schooling disruption, health and economic shocks and livelihood insecurity arising from broader social inequalities. The disproportionately large
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Supplementation with fortified balanced energy–protein during pregnancy and lactation and its effects on birth outcomes and infant growth in southern Nepal: protocol of a 2×2 factorial randomised trial BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Daniel J Erchick, Tsering P Lama, Subarna K Khatry, Joanne Katz, Luke C Mullany, Eleonor Zavala, Steven C LeClerq, Parul Christian, James M Tielsch
Introduction Many women in low and middle-income countries enter pregnancy with low nutritional reserves with increased risk of fetal growth restriction and poor birth outcomes, including small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and preterm birth. Balanced energy–protein (BEP) supplements have shown reductions in risk of stillbirth and SGA, yet variations in intervention format and composition and limited evidence
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Role of the microbiome in pathophysiology of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm neonates BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Andrea Stanikova, Martin Jouza, Julia Bohosova, Ondrej Slaby, Petr Jabandziev
Although necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious, life-threatening disease, improved neonatal care is increasing the number of survivors with NEC among extremely preterm neonates. Therapy is nevertheless mostly symptomatic and the mortality rate remains high, especially among neonates requiring surgery. Therefore, it is important to focus on preventing the disease and modifiable risk factors.
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Longitudinal trends in domperidone dispensing to mothers of very preterm infants and its association with breast milk feeding at infant discharge: a retrospective study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Grace McKenzie McBride, Alice R Rumbold, Amy K Keir, Aline Kunnel, Michael Buxton, Susanne Jones, Laura Summers, Michael Stark, Luke E Grzeskowiak
Objective This study aims: (a) to evaluate patterns of domperidone dispensing to mothers of very preterm (<32 weeks gestation) infants born before and after 2014 when international recommendations were made to limit its use and (b) to examine characteristics associated with domperidone dispensing and impacts on breast milk feeding rates at infant hospital discharge. Design Retrospective audit using
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Can machine learning methods be used for identification of at-risk neonates in low-resource settings? A prospective cohort study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Babar S Hasan, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Amna Khan, Mariana Nogueira, Bart Bijnens, Devyani Chowdhury
Introduction Timely identification of at-risk neonates (ARNs) in the community is essential to reduce mortality in low-resource settings. Tools such as American Academy of Pediatrics pulse oximetry (POx) and WHO Young Infants Clinical Signs (WHOS) have high specificity but low sensitivity to identify ARNs. Our aim was assessing the value of POx and WHOS independently, in combination and with machine
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Health-related quality of life and economic burden of childhood pneumonia in China: a multiregion study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Junyang Gao, Jingzhi Fan, Huijun Zhou, Mark Jit, Pei Wang
Objective To systematically investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and economic burden of children with pneumonia in different regions of China. Study design The study recruited a series of children under 5 years hospitalised for pneumonia in Shanghai, Zhengzhou and Kunming from January to October 2019. Health utility was assessed using the proxy version of EQ-5D-Y by interviewing patients’
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Effectiveness of various treatment modalities in children with vesicoureteral reflux grades II–IV: a systematic review and network meta-analysis BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Chia-Lun Chang, Stephen Shei-Dei Yang, Chun-Kai Hsu, Chun-Hua Chen, Shang-Jen Chang
Background Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most common risk factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) among children. Various treatment modalities including antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical or endoscopic corrections and conservative treatment were used depending on the severity of VUR. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of these treatment modalities in children with VUR
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Association between fluid overload and mortality in children with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Jaime Fernández-Sarmiento, Marco Fidel Sierra-Zuñiga, María Paula Salazar González, Natalia Lucena, Vanessa Soares Lanziotti, Sergio Agudelo
Background Sepsis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Fluid resuscitation is among the most common interventions and is associated with fluid overload (FO) in some patients. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarise the available evidence on the association between FO and morbimortality in children with sepsis. Methods A systematic search
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Skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breast feeding in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study using MICS6, Bangladesh (2019) data BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Md Fuad Al Fidah, Syeda Sumaiya Efa
Background To curb neonatal deaths, practices such as skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) can play an important role. Despite being effective, globally only 48% of newborns receive EIBF, and SSC is practised at varying prevalence (1%–74%) among low-income and middle-income countries. Objectives The objective of the current study was to estimate the level of SSC
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Candida utilis candidaemia in premature infants: a retrospective single-centre study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Qiuping Li, Lu Zhuang, Sheng Zhang, Zhichun Feng
This retrospective study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in Beijing. Patients whose blood culture yielded Candida utilis during hospitalisation from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled. Thirteen preterm infants of median gestational age 29.85 weeks were included. Laboratory tests on the day of onset showed thrombocytopaenia in 11 patients, granulocytopaenia in eight and elevated
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Early Peanut Immunotherapy in Children (EPIC) trial: protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of peanut oral immunotherapy in children under 5 years of age BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Michael David O'Sullivan, Natasha Bear, Jessica Metcalfe
Introduction Food allergy is a major public health challenge in Australia. Despite widespread uptake of infant feeding and allergy prevention guidelines the incidence of peanut allergy in infants has not fallen, and prevalence of peanut allergy in school-aged children continues to rise. Therefore, effective and accessible treatments for peanut allergy are required. There is high-quality evidence for
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Development of a set of quality indicators in paediatric and perinatal care in Japan with a modified Delphi method BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Daisuke Shinjo, Nobuaki Ozawa, Naoya Nakadate, Yutaka Kanamori, Kimikazu Matsumoto, Takashi Noguchi, Shosuke Ohtera, Hitoshi Kato
Backgrounds Few paediatric and perinatal quality indicators (QIs) have been developed in the Japanese setting, and the quality of care is not assured or validated. The aim of this study was to develop QIs in paediatric and perinatal care in Japan using an administrative database and confirm the feasibility and applicability of the indicators using a single-site practice test. Methods We used a RAND-modified
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Healthcare provider perspectives on COVID-19 vaccination for children in India BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Kayur Mehta, Amarpreet Kaur, Preetika Banerjee, Piyush Gupta, Naveen Thacker, Vineet Saxena, Anita Shet
Background The rapid development and deployment of effective COVID-19 vaccines have been critical to halt the spread of the pandemic. India started vaccinating children in early 2022, however, vaccine uptake has been suboptimal. Methods Between September and November 2022, we conducted an online survey that was disseminated to eligible participants via email, text messages and social media platforms
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Non-operative treatment of acute appendicitis in children: clinical efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in a retrospective single-centre study BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Clémence Picard, Olivier Abbo, Caroline Munzer, Lucas Ricco, Damien Dubois, Cécile Lemoine, Isabelle Claudet, Camille Bréhin
Background The success rate of non-operative treatment (NOT) of acute uncomplicated appendicitis (AUA) in children varies from 65% to 95%. There are no recommendations on the appropriate antibiotic therapy. Objective To determine the clinical efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for NOT of AUA in children. Methods Design: Cross-sectional study in a single medical centre. Settings: Emergency department
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Towards a harmonized bronchopulmonary dysplasia definition: a study protocol for an international Delphi procedure BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Trixie A Katz, Eduardo Bancalari, Sanne J Gordijn, Rosemary D Higgins, Tetsuya Isayama, Erik A Jensen, Martin Offringa, J Jane Pillow, Prakesh S Shah, Roger F Soll, Benjamin Stoecklin, Suzanne M Mugie, Anton H van Kaam, Wes Onland
Introduction Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most common complication of preterm birth with lifelong consequences. Multiple BPD definitions are currently used in daily practice. Uniformity in defining BPD is important for clinical care, research and benchmarking. The aim of this Delphi procedure is to determine what clinicians and researchers consider the key features for defining BPD
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Early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders in African children living in informal settlements in Nairobi BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Giulia Segre, Cecilia Cargnelutti, Carlotta Bersani, Washington Njogu, Elisa Roberti, Rita Campi, Maria Vittoria De Vita, Gianfranco Morino, Maria Paola Canevini, Maurizio Bonati
Background Children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are at a substantially increased risk of delayed physical, emotional and sociocognitive outcomes, with consequential neurodevelopmental disorders. Evidence based, cost-effective and culturally appropriate screening tools are recommended for early identification of developmental disorders. Methods The present study aims to assess
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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Chris Zielinski
Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations (UN), political leaders and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency. The world is currently responding to the climate crisis and
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Prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Zhongbin Tao, Jie Wang, Yanming Li, Yongkang Zhou, Xiaoli Yan, Junqiang Yang, Huili Liu, Bowen Li, Jizu Ling, Yijie Pei, Jianglin Zhang, Yuanyuan Li
Objective To estimate the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method A literature search was conducted in April 2023, using databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, CNKI, and SinoMed, without language restrictions. Eligible studies included cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence of DDH among infants aged
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Educating families about the impacts of wildfire smoke on children’s health: opportunities for healthcare professionals BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Catherine E Slavik, Rebecca Philipsborn, Ellen Peters
A dramatic wildfire smoke season emerged in 2023. Chilean wildfire smoke blanketed communities across Chile and Argentina in February. In June, smoke covered parts of Scotland following fires in the Highlands while Canadian wildfires caused hazardous air conditions throughout North America. By August, damage from wildfires had broken multiple global records, devastating communities in Hawaii, the Canary
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Caring for children with new medical technology at home: parental perspectives BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Natalie Pitch, Anam Shahil, Samantha Mekhuri, Munazzah Ambreen, Stephanie Chu, Krista Keilty, Eyal Cohen, Julia Orkin, Reshma Amin
Objectives This qualitative descriptive study explores the experiences of family caregivers (FCs) of children with medical complexity who are initiated on new medical technology in the hospital and transition to new daily life at home. The study aims to investigate FCs’ response and readiness for medical technology use, the value of education and transition support and the challenges associated with
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Physical function in children/adolescents with chronic kidney disease and the impact of exercise intervention: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Paediatr. Open (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Qiuzi Sun, Liuyan Huang, Hui Wang, Huachun Zhang, Fan Zhang
Introduction Impaired physical function is relatively common in children/adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting not only patients’ daily lives but also the efficiency of later treatment and rehabilitation. Exercise is a recognised intervention to improve physical function and quality of life in adult patients with CKD. However, implementing this strategy in paediatric/adolescent populations