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3D evaluation of the extracellular matrix of hypoxic pancreatic islets using light sheet fluorescence microscopy Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Matias Ramirez, Estelle Bastien, Heeyoung Chae, Pierre Gianello, Patrick Gilon, Caroline Bouzin
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the survival and function of transplanted islets are hindered by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) during isl...
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The causal relationship between bacterial pneumonia and diabetes: a two-sample mendelian randomization study Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Songying Pan, Zhongqi Zhang, Weiyi Pang
The escalating worldwide occurrence of diabetes mellitus, recognized as a chronic metabolic ailment contributing to an amplified global disease burden, has stimulated researchers to explore its eti...
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Dynamic regulation of pancreatic β cell function and gene expression by the SND1 coregulator in vitro Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-15 Sukrati Kanojia, Rebecca K. Davidson, Jason M. Conley, Jerry Xu, Meredith Osmulski, Emily K. Sims, Hongxia Ren, Jason M. Spaeth
The pancreatic β cell synthesizes, packages, and secretes insulin in response to glucose-stimulation to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Under diabetic conditions, a subset of β cells fail and l...
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Beta cell primary cilia mediate somatostatin responsiveness via SSTR3 Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-03 Samantha E. Adamson, Zipeng A. Li, Jing W. Hughes
ABSTRACT Somatostatin is a paracrine modulator of insulin secretion and beta cell function with pleotropic effects on glucose homeostasis. The mechanism of somatostatin-mediated communication between delta and beta cells is not well-understood, which we address in this study via the ciliary somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3). Primary cilia are membrane organelles that act as signaling hubs in islets by
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Islet hypoplasia of adult offspring rats caused by intrauterine chronic hypoxia is compensated by up-regulation of INS and PDX-1 Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Tianfeng Chen, Yang Xiao, Shaodan Xu, Helin Ke, Shilin Li
ABSTRACT Background: Intrauterine chronic hypoxia (ICH) can lead to pancreatic dysmetabolism in offspring. This study aimed to determine the changes in islet function of offspring through a rat ICH model and detect the factors affecting islet function. Methods: Twenty couples of healthy Sprague – Dawley adult rats were randomly mated, and the pregnant rats were randomly allocated to ICH and normal
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EP3 signaling is decoupled from the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells compensating for obesity and insulin resistance Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Michael D. Schaid, Jeffrey M. Harrington, Grant M. Kelly, Sophia M. Sdao, Matthew J. Merrins, Michelle E. Kimple
ABSTRACT Of the β-cell signaling pathways altered by obesity and insulin resistance, some are adaptive while others contribute to β-cell failure. Two critical second messengers are Ca2+ and cAMP, which control the timing and amplitude of insulin secretion. Previous work has shown the importance of the cAMP-inhibitory Prostaglandin EP3 receptor (EP3) in mediating the β-cell dysfunction of type 2 diabetes
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A primer on modelling pancreatic islets: from models of coupled β-cells to multicellular islet models Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-06 Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez, J. Rafael Godínez-Fernández
ABSTRACT Pancreatic islets are mini-organs composed of hundreds or thousands of ɑ, β and δ-cells, which, respectively, secrete glucagon, insulin and somatostatin, key hormones for the regulation of blood glucose. In pancreatic islets, hormone secretion is tightly regulated by both internal and external mechanisms, including electrical communication and paracrine signaling between islet cells. Given
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Characteristics of research-focused human islet preparations from organ donors with type 2 diabetes Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Rui Liang, Peng Sun, Xiangheng Cai, Tengli Liu, Le Wang, Na Liu, Xuejie Ding, Boya Zhang, Zewen Liu, Jiaqi Zou, Shusen Wang
ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) affects 463 million individuals worldwide. β-cell dysfunction and relatively inadequate β-cell mass has been implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D. Primary human islets from T2D patients can reveal the islet dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms and thus have become valued resources for diabetes research. Our center (Human Islet Resource Center, China) has
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7-Ketocholesterol accelerates pancreatic β-cell senescence by inhibiting the SIRT1/CDK4–Rb–E2F1 signaling pathway Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-02 Qiuping Zhu, Wei Wang, Nan Wu, Sunyue He, Xihua Lin, Wenjing Zhang, Jiaqiang Zhou
ABSTRACT Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. Pancreatic β-cell senescence accelerates abnormal glucose metabolism, which decreases insulin secretion and cell regeneration ability, eventually leading to diabetes. A cholesterol oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) can affect pancreatic β-cell function. However, its role in pancreatic β-cell senescence
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GABA treatment does not induce neogenesis of new endocrine cells from pancreatic ductal cells Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Shihao Wang, Xin Dong, Mahan Maazi, Nan Chen, Amarpreet Mahil, Janel L. Kopp
ABSTRACT Previous studies indicated that ductal cells can contribute to endocrine neogenesis in adult rodents after alpha cells convert into beta cells. This can occur through Pax4 mis-expression in alpha cells or through long-term administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to healthy mice. GABA has also been reported to increase the number of beta cells through direct effects on their proliferation
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Quality of life after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis in Japan Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-04-23 Tadashi Takaki, Daisuke Chujo, Toshiaki Kurokawa, Akitsu Kawabe, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Kyoji Ito, Koji Maruyama, Fuyuki Inagaki, Koya Shinohara, Kumiko Ajima, Yzumi Yamashita, Hiroshi Kajio, Mikio Yanase, Chihaya Hinohara, Makoto Tokuhara, Yukari Uemura, Yoshihiro Edamoto, Nobuyuki Takemura, Norihiro Kokudo, Shinichi Matsumoto, Masayuki Shimoda
ABSTRACT Background Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) often have severe and intractable abdominal pain, leading to decreased quality of life (QOL), inability to work or attend school, and increased health care costs due to repeated emergency room visits and hospitalizations. Methods We evaluated the efficacy of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) in terms of pain control
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IsletSwipe, a mobile platform for expert opinion exchange on islet graft images Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 David Habart, Adam Koza, Ivan Leontovyc, Lucie Kosinova, Zuzana Berkova, Jan Kriz, Klara Zacharovova, Bas Brinkhof, Dirk-Jan Cornelissen, Nicholas Magrane, Katerina Bittenglova, Martin Capek, Jan Valecka, Alena Habartova, František Saudek
ABSTRACT We previously developed a deep learning-based web service (IsletNet) for an automated counting of isolated pancreatic islets. The neural network training is limited by the absent consensus on the ground truth annotations. Here, we present a platform (IsletSwipe) for an exchange of graphical opinions among experts to facilitate the consensus formation. The platform consists of a web interface
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Identification of reversible and druggable pathways to improve beta-cell function and survival in Type 2 diabetes Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-29 Smithamol Sithara, Tamsyn Crowley, Ken Walder, Kathryn Aston-Mourney
ABSTRACT Targeting β-cell failure could prevent, delay or even partially reverse Type 2 diabetes. However, development of such drugs is limited as the molecular pathogenesis is complex and incompletely understood. Further, while β-cell failure can be modeled experimentally, only some of the molecular changes will be pathogenic. Therefore, we used a novel approach to identify molecular pathways that
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A small molecule improves diabetes in mice expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 Vriti Bhagat, C. Bruce Verchere
ABSTRACT In recent years, the number of studies on islet and beta cell autophagy have substantially increased due to growing interest in the role of autophagy in maintaining cellular homeostasis in diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregates to form higher structure oligomers and fibrils that are toxic to beta cells and induce islet inflammation. The primary mechanism
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The function of the endocannabinoid system in the pancreatic islet and its implications on metabolic syndrome and diabetes Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-04 Edgardo Cortes-Justo, Sergio H Garfias-Ramírez, Alonso Vilches-Flores
ABSTRACT The following review focuses on the scientific studies related to the role of endocannabinoid system (ECS) in pancreatic islet physiology and dysfunction. Different natural or synthetic agonists and antagonists have been suggested as an alternative treatment for diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Therapeutic use of Cannabis led to the discovery and characterization of the ECS, a signaling
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Genome-edited zebrafish model of ABCC8 loss-of-function disease Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-12-02 Jennifer M. Ikle, Robert C. Tryon, Soma S. Singareddy, Nathaniel W. York, Maria S. Remedi, Colin G. Nichols
ABSTRACT ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP)gain- (GOF) and loss-of-function (LOF) mutations underlie human neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) and hyperinsulinism (HI), respectively. While transgenic mice expressing incomplete KATP LOF do reiterate mild hyperinsulinism, KATP knockout animals do not exhibit persistent hyperinsulinism. We have shown that islet excitability and glucose homeostasis are
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Molecular mechanism analysis of m6A modification-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in regulating autophagy in acute pancreatitis Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-11 Xiang Li, Hong Qin, Ali Anwar, Xingwen Zhang, Fang Yu, Zheng Tan, Zhanhong Tang
ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)–microRNA (miRNA)–messenger RNA (mRNA) network in regulating autophagy and affecting the occurrence and development of acute pancreatitis (AP). RNA-seq datasets related to AP were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and merged after batch effect removal
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Species-dependent impact of immunosuppressive squalene-gusperimus nanoparticles and adipose-derived stem cells on isolated human and rat pancreatic islets Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Carlos E. Navarro Chica, Tian Qin, Erika Pinheiro-Machado, Bart J. de Haan, M.M. Faas, Alexandra M. Smink, Ligia Sierra, Betty L. López, Paul de Vos
ABSTRACT Transplantation of pancreatic islets is a promising approach to controlling glucose levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but islet survival is still limited. To overcome this, islet co-culture with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) together with safe immunosuppressive agents like squalene-gusperimus nanoparticles (Sq-GusNPs) may be applied. This could support islet survival and engraftment
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Impact of biotin supplemented diet on mouse pancreatic islet β-cell mass expansion and glucose induced electrical activity Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-27 Israel Morales-Reyes, Illani Atwater, Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar, E. Martha Pérez-Armendariz
ABSTRACT Biotin supplemented diet (BSD) is known to enhance β-cell replication and insulin secretion in mice. Here, we first describe BSD impact on the islet β-cell membrane potential (Vm) and glucose-induced electrical activity. BALB/c female mice (n ≥ 20) were fed for nine weeks after weaning with a control diet (CD) or a BSD (100X). In both groups, islet area was compared in pancreatic sections
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Dual regulation of miR-375 and CREM genes in pancreatic beta cells Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-04 David M. Keller, Isis G. Perez
ABSTRACT MicroRNA-375 (miR-375) is upregulated in the islets of some diabetics and is correlated with poor outcome. Previous work in our laboratory showed that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) reduces miR-375 expression and could provide a way to restore normal miR-375 levels, however the transcription repression mechanism is unknown. Using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay we show that cAMP
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Modeling type 2 diabetes in rats by administering tacrolimus Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-03-29 JC Quintana-Pérez, F García-Dolores, AS Valdez-Guerrero, D Alemán-González-Duhart, MG Arellano-Mendoza, S Rojas Hernández, IM Olivares-Corichi, JR García Sánchez, JG Trujillo Ferrara, F Tamay-Cach
ABSTRACT The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing. The current number of diagnosed cases is ~422 million, expected to reach ~640 million by 2040. Type 2 diabetes, which constitutes ~95% of the cases, is characterized by insulin resistance and a progressive loss of β-cell function. Despite intense research efforts, no treatments are yet able to cure the disease or halt its progression. Since
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Stabilization protects islet integrity during respirometry in the Oroboros Oxygraph-2K analyzer Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Justin J. Crowder, Ziqian Zeng, Alissa N. Novak, Nathan J. Alves, Amelia K. Linnemann
ABSTRACT Metabolic dysfunction of β-cells has been implicated as a contributor to diabetes pathogenesis, and efforts are ongoing to optimize analytical techniques that evaluate islet metabolism. High-resolution respirometry offers sensitive measurements of the respiratory effects of metabolic substrates and customizable manipulation of electron transport chain components, though the delicate nature
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Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on a human research islet program Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-03-14 Tina J. Dafoe, Theodore Dos Santos, Aliya F. Spigelman, James Lyon, Nancy Smith, Austin Bautista, Patrick E. MacDonald, Jocelyn E. Manning Fox
ABSTRACT Designated a pandemic in March 2020, the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), led to new guidelines and restrictions being implemented for individuals, businesses, and societies in efforts to limit the impacts of COVID-19 on personal health and healthcare systems. Here we report the impacts of the COVID-19
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Determinants and dynamics of pancreatic islet architecture Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-03-08 Melissa T. Adams, Barak Blum
ABSTRACT The islets of Langerhans are highly organized structures that have species-specific, three-dimensional tissue architecture. Islet architecture is critical for proper hormone secretion in response to nutritional stimuli. Islet architecture is disrupted in all types of diabetes mellitus and in cadaveric islets for transplantation during isolation, culture, and perfusion, limiting patient outcomes
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretions Enhanced ATP Generation on Isolated Islets during Transplantation Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2022-01-16 Takumi Teratani, Naoya Kasahara, Yasuhiro Fujimoto, Yasunaru Sakuma, Atsushi Miki, Masafumi Goto, Naohiro Sata, Joji Kitayama
ABSTRACT The success of islet transplantation in both basic research and clinical settings has proven that cell therapy has the potential to cure diabetes. Islets intended for transplantation are inevitably subjected to damage from a number of sources, including ischemic injury during removal and delivery of the donor pancreas, enzymatic digestion during islet isolation, and reperfusion injury after
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LDB1-mediated transcriptional complexes are sensitive to islet stress Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-30 Yanping Liu, Jessica D. Kepple, Anath Shalev, Chad S. Hunter
ABSTRACT Excess nutrients and proinflammatory cytokines impart stresses on pancreatic islet β-cells that, if unchecked, can lead to cellular dysfunction and/or death. Among these stress-induced effects is loss of key β-cell transcriptional regulator mRNA and protein levels required for β-cell function. Previously, our lab and others reported that LIM-domain complexes comprised the LDB1 transcriptional
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Misrouting of glucagon and stathmin-2 towards lysosomal system of α-cells in glucagon hypersecretion of diabetes Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 Farzad Asadi, Savita Dhanvantari
ABSTRACT Glucagon hypersecretion from the pancreatic α-cell is a characteristic sign of diabetes, which exacerbates fasting hyperglycemia. Thus, targeting glucagon secretion from α-cells may be a promising approach for combating hyperglucagonemia. We have recently identified stathmin-2 as an α-cell protein that regulates glucagon secretion by directing glucagon toward the endolysosomal system in αTC1-6
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IsletLab: an application to reconstruct and analyze islet architectures Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-08 Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez
ABSTRACT The continuous interaction between experimental and theoretical work has proven to be extremely useful for the study of pancreatic cells and, recently, of pancreatic islets. This prolific interaction relies on the capability of implementing computational models and methods to derive quantitative data for the analysis and interpretation of experimental observations. In this addendum I introduce
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Identification of protease serine S1 family member 53 as a mitochondrial protein in murine islet beta cells Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-12 Noriko Mizusawa, Nagakatsu Harada, Takeo Iwata, Izumi Ohigashi, Mitsuo Itakura, Katsuhiko Yoshimoto
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify genes that are specifically expressed in pancreatic islet β-cells (hereafter referred to as β-cells). Large-scale complementary DNA-sequencing analysis was performed for 3,429 expressed sequence tags derived from murine MIN6 β-cells, through homology comparisons using the GenBank database. Three individual ESTs were found to code for protease serine S1
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Vesiculin derived from IGF-II drives increased islet cell mass in a mouse model of pre-diabetes Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-09 Kate L. Lee, Jacqueline F. Aitken, Xun Li, Kirsten Montgomery, Huai-L. Hsu, Geoffrey M. Williams, Margaret A. Brimble, Garth J.S. Cooper
ABSTRACT Pancreatic islet-cell function and volume are both key determinants of the maintenance of metabolic health. Insulin resistance and islet-cell dysfunction often occur in the earlier stages of type 2 diabetes (T2D) progression. The ability of the islet cells to respond to insulin resistance by increasing hormone output accompanied by increased islet-cell volume is key to maintaining blood glucose
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Comparative analysis of reconstructed architectures from mice and human islets Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez, J. R. Godínez-Fernández
ABSTRACT Intra-islet communication via electrical, paracrine and autocrine signals, is highly dependent on the organization of cells within the islets and is key for an adequate response to changes in blood glucose and other stimuli. In spite of the fact that relevant structural differences between mouse and human islet architectures have been described, the functional implications of these differences
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The Potential of Pancreatic Organoids for Diabetes Research and Therapy Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 Katerina Bittenglova, David Habart, Frantisek Saudek, Tomas Koblas
ABSTRACT The success of clinical transplantation of pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets supports the concept of cell-based cure for diabetes. One limitation is the shortage of cadaver human pancreata. The demand–supply gap could potentially be bridged by harnessing the self-renewal capacity of stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells and adult pancreatic stem cells have been explored as possible cell
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An overview of current advancements in pancreatic islet transplantation into the omentum Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 Kimia Damyar, Vesta Farahmand, David Whaley, Michael Alexander, Jonathan R. T. Lakey
ABSTRACT Pancreatic islet transplantation to restore insulin production in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients is commonly performed by infusion of islets into the hepatic portal system. However, the risk of portal vein thrombosis or elevation of portal pressure after transplantation introduces challenges to this procedure. Thus, alternative sites have been investigated, among which the omentum represents
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Frederick Banting’s actual great idea: The role of fetal bovine islets in the discovery of insulin Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 James R. Wright Jr.
ABSTRACT Background: Frederick Banting approached Toronto physiology professor JJR Macleod with a way to prevent pancreatic trypsin from destroying the pancreas’ internal secretion. Banting proposed to induce exocrine atrophy by ligating canine pancreatic ducts and to use extracts of islet-rich residua to treat pancreatectomized dogs. His next plan was to make extracts from fetal pancreas, which he
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Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor “ACE2” in human pancreatic β cells: to be or not to be! Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-24 Waseem El-Huneidi, Mawieh Hamad, Jalal Taneera
ABSTRACT The current COVID-19 pandemic, which continues to spread across the globe, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2). Soon after the pandemic emerged in China, it became clear that the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) serves as the primary cell surface receptor for SARS-Cov-2. Subsequent work has shown that diabetes and hyperglycemia
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Hnf1b-CreER causes efficient recombination of a Rosa26-RFP reporter in duct and islet δ cells Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-20 Meritxell Rovira, Miguel Angel Maestro, Vanessa Grau, Jorge Ferrer
ABSTRACT The Hnf1b-CreERT2 BAC transgenic (Tg(Hnf1b-cre/ERT2)1Jfer) has been used extensively to trace the progeny of pancreatic ducts in developmental, regeneration, or cancer models. Hnf1b-CreERT2 transgenics have been used to show that the cells that form the embryonic pancreas duct-like plexus are bipotent duct-endocrine progenitors, whereas adult mouse duct cells are not a common source of β cells
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A functional genomic approach to identify reference genes for human pancreatic beta cell real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 Maria Inês Alvelos, Florian Szymczak, Ângela Castela, Sandra Marín-Cañas, Bianca Marmontel de Souza, Ioannis Gkantounas, Maikel Colli, Federica Fantuzzi, Cristina Cosentino, Mariana Igoillo-Esteve, Lorella Marselli, Piero Marchetti, Miriam Cnop, Décio L. Eizirik
ABSTRACT Exposure of human pancreatic beta cells to pro-inflammatory cytokines or metabolic stressors is used to model events related to type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR is commonly used to quantify changes in gene expression. The selection of the most adequate reference gene(s) for gene expression normalization is an important pre-requisite to obtain accurate and
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Not so sweet and simple: impacts of SARS-CoV-2 on the β cell Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-05-10 Sarah Ibrahim, Gabriela S.F. Monaco, Emily K. Sims
ABSTRACT The link between COVID-19 infection and diabetes has been explored in several studies since the start of the pandemic, with associations between comorbid diabetes and poorer prognosis in patients infected with the virus and reports of diabetic ketoacidosis occurring with COVID-19 infection. As such, significant interest has been generated surrounding mechanisms by which the virus may exert
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Novel mouse model expands potential human α-cell research Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-04-14 Theodore dos Santos, Patrick E. MacDonald
ABSTRACT A glucagon knock-out mouse with preserved GLP-1 and GLP-2 secretion allows for the improved study of transplanted human islets and glucagon responses— providing an unprecedented resource in human α-cell and diabetes research
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Failure mode and effect analysis in human islet isolation: from the theoretical to the practical risk Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-02-22 Quentin Perrier, Vanessa Lavallard, Nadine Pernin, Charles-Henri Wassmer, David Cottet-Dumoulin, Fanny Lebreton, Kevin Bellofatto, Axel Andres, Ekaterine Berishvili, Domenico Bosco, Thierry Berney, Géraldine Parnaud
ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the global mapping risk of human islet isolation, using a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), and highlight the impact of quality assurance procedures on the risk level of criticality. Risks were scored using the risk priority number (RPN) scoring method. The risk level of criticality was made based on RPN and led to risk classification (low to critical). A
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Culture, differentiation, and transduction of mouse E12.5 pancreatic spheres: an in vitro model for the secondary transition of pancreas development Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Lukas Huijbregts, Virginie Aiello, Andrea Soggia, Philippe Ravassard, Latif Rachdi, Raphaël Scharfmann, Olivier Albagli
ABSTRACT During the secondary transition of rodent pancreatic development, mainly between E12.5 and E15.5 in mice, exocrine and endocrine populations differentiate from pancreatic progenitors. Here we describe an experimental system for its study in vitro. First, we show that spheres derived from dissociated E12.5 mouse pancreases differentiate within 7 days into most pancreatic exocrine and endocrine
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Protein kinase C-θ knockout decreases serum IL-10 levels and inhibits insulin secretion from islet β cells Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 Feng Hong, Yang Yang, Baiyi Chen, Peng Li, Guoguang Wang, Yuxin Jiang
ABSTRACT Various subtypes of protein kinase C (PKC) are expressed in islet β cells and regulate β cell proliferation and survival. PKC-θ is distributed in the immune system and promotes the secretion of IL-10, which manifests a critical role in the onset of diabetes, by the immune cells. However, the role of PKC-θ in islets has not been concerned. In the present study, we investigated the role of PKC-θ
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Evidence for the existence and potential roles of intra-islet glucagon-like peptide-1 Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 Scott A. Campbell, Janyne Johnson, Peter E. Light
ABSTRACT Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an important peptide hormone secreted by L-cells in the gastrointestinal tract in response to nutrients. It is produced by the differential cleavage of the proglucagon peptide. GLP-1 elicits a wide variety of physiological responses in many tissues that contribute to metabolic homeostasis. For these reasons, therapies designed to either increase endogenous
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Reconstructing human pancreatic islet architectures using computational optimization Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Gerardo J. Félix-Martínez, Aurelio N. Mata, J. Rafael Godínez-Fernández
ABSTRACT We outline a general methodology based on computational optimization and experimental data to reconstruct human pancreatic islet architectures. By using the nuclei coordinates of islet cells obtained through DAPI staining, cell types identified by immunostaining, and cell size distributions estimated from capacitance measurements, reconstructed islets composed of non-overlapping spherical
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Cannabinoid receptors are differentially regulated in the pancreatic islets during the early development of metabolic syndrome Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Antonio Barajas-Martínez, Karina Bermeo, Lizbeth de la Cruz, Marina Martínez-Vargas, Ricardo Jesús Martínez-Tapia, David Erasmo García, Luz Navarro
ABSTRACT The endocannabinoid system is found in tissues that regulate the glycemia, including adipose tissue, muscle, and pancreatic islets. Diet-induced metabolic syndrome changes the expression of the CB receptors in muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. However, it is poorly understood whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects the expression of CB receptors in pancreatic β cells. We analyzed the expression
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Transplantation of rat pancreatic islets vitrified-warmed on the nylon mesh device and the silk fibroin sponge disc Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Kenyu Nakayama-Iwatsuki, Takahiro Yamanaka, Jun Negishi, Junki Teshima, Yasushi Tamada, Masumi Hirabayashi, Shinichi Hochi
ABSTRACT We report the adaptability of rat islets vitrified-warmed on nylon mesh (NM) device or silk fibroin (SF) sponge disc for the normalization of the blood glucose level in rat models of diabetes. One-hundred rat islets were cryopreserved according to a minimum volume cooling protocol on an NM device or a solid surface vitrification protocol on an SF sponge disc. The recovery rate (97.1% vs. 93
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Transplantation of rat pancreatic islets vitrified-warmed on the nylon mesh device and the silk fibroin sponge disc Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Kenyu Nakayama-Iwatsuki, Takahiro Yamanaka, Jun Negishi, Junki Teshima, Yasushi Tamada, Masumi Hirabayashi, Shinichi Hochi
ABSTRACT We report the adaptability of rat islets vitrified-warmed on nylon mesh (NM) device or silk fibroin (SF) sponge disc for the normalization of the blood glucose level in rat models of diabetes. One-hundred rat islets were cryopreserved according to a minimum volume cooling protocol on an NM device or a solid surface vitrification protocol on an SF sponge disc. The recovery rate (97.1% vs. 93
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Cannabinoid receptors are differentially regulated in the pancreatic islets during the early development of metabolic syndrome Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Antonio Barajas-Martínez, Karina Bermeo, Lizbeth de la Cruz, Marina Martínez-Vargas, Ricardo Jesús Martínez-Tapia, David Erasmo García, Luz Navarro
ABSTRACT The endocannabinoid system is found in tissues that regulate the glycemia, including adipose tissue, muscle, and pancreatic islets. Diet-induced metabolic syndrome changes the expression of the CB receptors in muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. However, it is poorly understood whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects the expression of CB receptors in pancreatic β cells. We analyzed the expression
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Targeting polyamine biosynthesis to stimulate beta cell regeneration in zebrafish. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 Morgan A Robertson,Leah R Padgett,Jonathan A Fine,Gaurav Chopra,Teresa L Mastracci
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease characterized by destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells. Currently, there remains a critical gap in our understanding of how to reverse or prevent beta cell loss in individuals with T1D. Previous studies in mice discovered that pharmacologically inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis using difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) resulted in preserved beta cell function
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The role of α-ketoglutarate and the hypoxia sensing pathway in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 M Hoang,J W Joseph
Anaplerosis and the associated mitochondrial metabolite transporters generate unique cytosolic metabolic signaling molecules that can regulate insulin release from pancreatic β-cells. It has been shown that mitochondrial metabolites, transported by the citrate carrier (CIC), dicarboxylate carrier (DIC), oxoglutarate carrier (OGC), and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) play a vital role in the regulation
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Melatonin protects INS-1 pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis and senescence induced by glucotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-07-16 Yu Hee Lee,Hye Sook Jung,Min Jeong Kwon,Jung Eun Jang,Tae Nyun Kim,Soon Hee Lee,Mi-Kyung Kim,Jeong Hyun Park
Introduction Melatonin is a hormone known as having very strong anti-oxidant property. Senescence is a biological state characterized by the loss of cell replication and the changes consisting of a pro-inflammatory phenotype, leading to Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) which is now regarded as one of the fundamental processes of many degenerative diseases. Increased cell division count
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Characterization of pre-transplant psychosocial burden in an integrated national islet transplant program. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Aaron Yl Liew,Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott,Anneliese Js Flatt,Denise Bennett,Robert Crookston,Mirka Pimkova,Linda Birtles,John Casey,Andrew Pernet,Ruth C Wood,Pratik Choudhary,Shareen Forbes,Martin K Rutter,Miranda Rosenthal,Paul Johnson,James Am Shaw,Jane Speight
The psychological burden experienced by people with diabetes prior to islet transplantation is recognized but has not been studied comprehensively, especially in relation to glycemia. Therefore, we conducted a rigorous pre-operative psychosocial profile of UK islet transplant recipients, and compared groups with higher/lower HbA1 c to test the null hypothesis that pre-transplant hypoglycemia awareness
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Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) contributes to β-cell mass expansion and proliferation induced by Akt/PKB pathway. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 Mark Anthony Jara,Joao Pedro Werneck-De-Castro,Camila Lubaczeuski,James D Johnson,Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
Maintenance of pancreatic β-cell mass and function is fundamental to glucose homeostasis and to prevent diabetes. The PI3 K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway is critical for β-cells mass and function, while PDX1 has been implicated in β-cell development, maturation, and function. Here we tested whether Akt signaling requires PDX1 expression to regulate β-cell mass, proliferation, and glucose homeostasis. In order
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Selective monitoring of insulin secretion after CRISPR interference in intact pancreatic islets despite submaximal infection. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Kaavian Shariati,Zachary Pappalardo,Deeksha G Chopra,Nicholas Yiv,Robin Sheen,Gregory Ku
Virus-mediated gene knockdown in intact pancreatic islets is technically challenging due to poor infection of the center of the islet. Because the cells that do not have knockdown have normal insulin secretion, measuring changes in insulin secretion after gene knockdown is challenging. We describe a method to monitor insulin secretion from only the beta cells with knockdown of a gene of interest in
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Characterization of a mouse model of islet transplantation using MIN-6 cells. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 Douglas O Sobel,Barath Ramasubramanian,Larry Mitnaul
Immortalized beta cells are an abundant source of insulin-producing cells. Although MIN-6 cells have similar characteristics as normal islets in vitro, the in vivo use of MIN-6 cells has not been fully described. This study characterizes in vivo mouse models of MIN-6 transplantation and rejection. Subcutaneous (sc) transplantation of MIN-6 cells in either Matrigel or HyStem-C hydrogels reduced blood
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An islet maturation media to improve the development of young porcine islets during in vitro culture. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 Hien Lau,Nicole Corrales,Samuel Rodriguez,Colleen Luong,Frank Zaldivar,Michael Alexander,Jonathan R T Lakey
Background The use of pancreata from pre-weaned piglets has the potential to serve as an unlimited alternative source of islets for clinical xenotransplantation. As pre-weaned porcine islets (PPIs) are immature and require prolonged culture, we developed an islet maturation media (IMM) and evaluated its effect on improving the quantity and quality of PPIs over 14 days of culture. Methods PPIs were
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The effect of preexisting HMGB1 within fetal bovine serum on murine pancreatic beta cell biology. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 Hyunwoo Chung,Sung Ji Hong,So Won Choi,Chung-Gyu Park
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can act as a structural protein of the chromatin and at the same time as a mediator of the immune system. Its high correlation with the graft acceptance in pancreatic islet recipients makes it a biomarker in islet transplantation. With the suspicion that preexisting HMGB1 in the fetal bovine serum (FBS) would be detrimental to the viability and function of murine beta
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Inflammatory biomarkers in the blood and pancreatic tissue of organ donors that predict human islet isolation success and function. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 Alina R Oancea,Keiko Omori,Chris Orr,Jeffrey Rawson,Donald C Dafoe,Ismail H Al-Abdullah,Fouad Kandeel,Yoko Mullen
The pancreas of brain-dead donors is the primary source of islets for transplantation. However, brain death mediates systemic inflammation, which may affect the quantity and quality of isolated islets. Our aim was to identify inflammatory biomarkers in donor blood and/or pancreatic tissue capable of predicting islet isolation success. Blood samples were collected from 21 pancreas donors and 14 healthy
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Curcumin protects islet cells from glucolipotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase activity both in vitro and in vivo. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2019-11-21 Jing Li,Ninghua Wu,Xiao Chen,Hongguang Chen,Xiaosong Yang,Chao Liu
Curcumin possesses medicinal properties that are beneficial in various diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM). It has been proposed that pancreatic beta cell dysfunction in T2 DM is promoted by oxidative stress caused by NADPH oxidase over-activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin as a protective agent against high glucose/palmitate
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Regional variation of human pancreatic islets dimension and its impact on beta cells in Indian population. Islets (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2019-11-19 Praveen Kumar Ravi,Suvendu Purkait,Usha Agrawal,Susama Patra,Madhumita Patnaik,Sudipta Ranjan Singh,Pravash Ranjan Mishra
Background & objectives: Islet of Langerhans, the endocrine pancreas plays a significant role in glucose metabolism. Obesity and insulin resistance are the major factors responsible for beta cell dysfunction. Asian Indian population has increased susceptibility to diabetes in spite of having lower BMI. The morphology of islets plays a significant role in beta cell function. The present study was designed