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Microbiome dysbiosis by antibiotics protects cartilage degradation in OAOP mice J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Qin Yin, Jun Gu, Pengju Ren, Zhiqiang Guan, Yongxiang Wang, Ruijun Bai, Yu Liu
The role of this study was to evaluate the impact of gut microbiota depletion on the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). We conducted an experimental mouse model of OA and OP over an 8-week period. The model involved destabilization of the medial meniscus and bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). To deplete the gut microbiota, we administered a course of antibiotics for 8 weeks. The severity
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RISING STARS: Bumps and bacteria: influence of the maternal microbiota on pregnancy outcomes J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Thomas Willmott, Elizabeth C Cottrell
During pregnancy, all major physiological systems undergo remarkable changes, driven largely by alterations in the maternal hormonal milieu. In healthy pregnancies, maternal cardiovascular and metabolic adaptation to pregnancy occurs to support fetal growth and maternal well-being. Impaired maternal adaptation to pregnancy is associated with a range of pregnancy complications, including gestational
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Litsea glutinosa extract promotes fracture healing and prevents bone loss via BMP2/SMAD1 signaling J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Sonu Khanka, Charul Somani, Kriti Sharma, Shivani Sharma, Akhilesh Kumar, Sanjeev K Kanojiya, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Dinesh Kumar Yadav, Divya Singh
Estrogen deficiency is one of the main causes for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Current osteoporotic therapies are of high cost and associated with serious side effects. So there is an urgent need for cost effective anti-osteoporotic agents. Anti-osteoporotic activity of Litsea glutinosa extract (LGE) is less explored. Moreover, its role in fracture healing and mechanism of action is still unknown.
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Specific cellular microenvironments for spatiotemporal regulation of StAR and steroid synthesis J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ana Fernanda Castillo, Cecilia Poderoso, Paula Mariana Maloberti, Fabiana Cornejo Maciel, María Mercedes Mori Sequeiros Garcia, Ulises Daniel Orlando, Pablo Mele, Yanina Benzo, Melina Andrea Dattilo, Jesica Prada, Luciano Quevedo, Matías Belluno, Cristina Paz, Ernesto Jorge Podesta
For many years, research in the field of steroid synthesis has aimed to understand the regulation of the rate-limiting step of steroid synthesis, i.e., the transport of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane, and identify the protein involved in the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone. The extraordinary work by B Clark, J Wells, S R King, and D M Stocco eventually identified
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The GLP-1R as a model for understanding and exploiting biased agonism in next generation medicines. J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jonathan D. Douros, Jacek Mokrosinski, Brian Finan
The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) emerged as a pharmacologic target in cardiometabolic disease including diabetes and obesity over 30 years ago. The subsequent widespread clinical use of GLP-1R agonists including exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide has made the GLP-1R a preeminent model for understanding basic GPCR biology including the
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The Glucocorticoid Receptor in Skeletal Health and Disease: Insights from Targeted Knockout Mice J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eugenie Macfarlane, Hong Zhou, Markus J Seibel
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones, secreted by the adrenals to regulate a range of metabolic, immunologic, and homeostatic functions. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory effects, synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used to treat inflammatory disorders. However, their use especially at high doses and over the long-term is associated with several unwanted side effects that compromises their intended
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Osteocalcin protects islet identity in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice on high-fat diet J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Christine A Beamish, Yoon K Lee, A Osama Gaber, Priyanka Chanana, Edward A Graviss, Malgorzata Kloc, M Waleed Gaber, Willa A Hsueh, Omaima M Sabek
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an increasing global health threat and strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). MetS causes both hyperinsulinemia and islet size overexpansion, and pancreatic β-cell failure impacts insulin and proinsulin secretion, mitochondrial density, and cellular identity loss. The low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr −/−) model combined with high-fat diet (HFD) has
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Sodium-iodide symporter and its related solute carriers in thyroid cancer J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Zhongqin Gong, Minghui Wei, Alexander C Vlantis, Jason Y K Chan, C Andrew Van Hasselt, Dongcai Li, Xianhai Zeng, Lingbin Xue, Michael C F Tong, George G Chen
The solute carrier (SLC) family is a large group of membrane transport proteins. Their dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. The most well-known SLC is the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), also known as sodium/iodide co-transporter or solute carrier family 5 member 5 (SLC5A5) in thyroid cancer. The dysregulation of NIS in thyroid cancer is well documented. The role
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Hormonal changes in PCOS J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jianmei Yang, Chen Chen
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy occurring in reproductive-age women. Hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation, and metabolic aberrations are the common features in PCOS. Hormonal changes are causing pathological symptoms in women with PCOS. The various hormone alterations in PCOS have been demonstrated. Hormones, such as insulin, growth hormones (GH), ghrelin
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Sex-based differences in insulin resistance J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Manuel Gado, Eva Tsaousidou, Stefan R Bornstein, Nikolaos Perakakis
Sexual dimorphism in energy metabolism is now established and suggested to affect many aspects of metabolic diseases and in particular diabetes and obesity. This is strongly related to sex-based differences in whole-body insulin resistance. Women are more insulin sensitive compared to men, but this metabolic advantage gradually disappears after menopause or when insulin resistance progresses to hyperglycemia
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Sex differences in the cardiovascular effects of GnRH analogues J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Matthew W S Lim, Angela K Lucas-Herald, Avril Mason, Christian Delles, Paul J Connelly
The integral role of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis in reproductive processes makes it a prime therapeutic target. By inhibiting sex steroid synthesis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues are used in the management of cancers, benign neoplasms, infertility and gender dysphoria. However, the wide application of these therapeutics raises concerns regarding the unintended effects
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Role of CD20+ T cells in cancer, autoimmunity and obesity J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Aryane Cruz Oliveira Pinho, Paula Laranjeira, Eugenia Carvalho
Despite the known link between obesity and insulin resistance (IR) to chronic low-grade inflammation, new markers capable of early IR detection are needed. Immune cells are components of adipose tissue’s (AT) stromal vascular fraction (SVF) that regulate AT homeostasis. The altered phenotype and function of AT-infiltrating immune cells may contribute to the development and maintenance of local AT inflammation
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Somatostatin receptors and the associated intracellular machinery: the two sides of the coin J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Claudia Campana, Anand M Iyer, Diego Ferone, Federico Gatto, Leo J Hofland
Somatostatin receptors (SSTs) are widely expressed in pituitary tumors and neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of different origins, i.e. the gastrointestinal tract and the thorax (lungs and thymus), thus representing a well-established target for medical treatment with SST ligands (SRLs). However, the response to SRLs is highly heterogeneous between tumors. Two main factors can contribute to this variability:
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In vivo models of gestational and type 2 diabetes mellitus characterized by endocrine pancreas cell impairments J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Sandra K Szlapinski, David J Hill
Insulin resistance contributes to the development of various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. Even though gestational diabetes is specific to pregnancy, it can result in long-term glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes after delivery. Given the substantial health and economic burdens associated with diabetes, it is imperative to better understand the mechanisms leading
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In vivo techniques for assessment of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Margaret K Hahn, Adria Giacca, Sandra Pereira
Metabolic tests are vital to determine in vivo insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in preclinical models, usually rodents. Such tests include glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, and glucose clamps. Although these tests are not standardized, there are general guidelines for their completion and analysis that are constantly being refined. In this review, we describe metabolic tests
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Prenatal cortisol exposure impairs adrenal function but not glucose metabolism in adult sheep J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 K L Davies, J Miles, E J Camm, D J Smith, P Barker, K Taylor, A J Forhead, A L Fowden
Adverse environmental conditions before birth are known to programme adult metabolic and endocrine phenotypes in several species. However, whether increments in fetal cortisol concentrations of the magnitude commonly seen in these conditions can cause developmental programming remains unknown. Thus, this study investigated the outcome of physiological increases in fetal cortisol concentrations on glucose–insulin
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Lactobacillus amylovorus KU4 induces adipose browning in obese mice by regulating PP4C J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Garam Yang, Eunjeong Hong, Sejong Oh, Eungseok Kim
We previously reported that Lactobacillus amylovorus KU4 (LKU4) promotes adipocyte browning in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD mice) in part by remodeling the PPARγ transcription complex. However, the mechanism through which LKU4 enables PPARγ to drive adipocyte browning remains elusive. Here, we report that LKU4 inhibits the expression of PP4C in inguinal white adipose tissue of HFD mice and in insulin-resistant
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Adipocyte subpopulations mediate lipolysis and obesity-induced insulin resistance J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jun Huang, Rita Sharma, Sohana Siyar, Vishva Sharma, Vishwajeet Puri, Kevin Y Lee
Studies in humans and mice have determined that distinct subpopulations of adipocytes reside even within individual adipose tissue depots. Previously, our lab defined three white adipocyte subpopulations with stable and unique gene expression profiles, which were termed type 1, 2, and 3 adipocytes, respectively. Our previous studies demonstrated that type 2 adipocytes were highly responsive to the
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Intestinal FFA2 promotes obesity by altering food intake in Western diet-fed mice J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Kristen R Lednovich, Sophie Gough, Medha Priyadarshini, Nupur Pandya, Chioma Nnyamah, Kai Xu, Barton Wicksteed, Sidharth Mishra, Shalini Jain, Joseph L Zapater, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, Hariom Yadav, Brian T Layden
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are key nutrients that play a diverse set of roles in physiological function, including regulating metabolic homeostasis. Generated through the fermentation of dietary fibers in the distal colon by the gut microbiome, SCFAs and their effects are partially mediated by their cognate receptors, including free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2). FFA2 is highly expressed in the
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Kisspeptin upregulates β-cell serotonin production during pregnancy J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Thomas G Hill, Lorna I F Smith, Inmaculada Ruz-Maldonado, Peter M Jones, James E Bowe
During pregnancy the maternal pancreatic islets of Langerhans undergo adaptive changes to compensate for gestational insulin resistance. The lactogenic hormones are well established to play a key role in regulating the islet adaptation to pregnancy, and one of the mechanisms through which they act is through upregulating β-cell serotonin production. During pregnancy islet serotonin levels are significantly
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Testosterone reduces hippocampal synaptic damage in an androgen receptor-independent manner J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Yizhou Zhang, Meiqin Chen, Huan Chen, Shixiong Mi, Chang Wang, Hongchun Zuo, Leigang Song, Juan Du, Huixian Cui, Sha Li
Aging-related reduction in androgen levels may be a possible risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and contribute to cognitive impairment. Androgens may affect synaptic function and cognition in an androgen receptor (AR)-independent manner; however, the mechanisms connecting theses effects are unknown. Therefore, we used testicular feminization mutation (Tfm) male mice, a model with AR mutation
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Downregulation of PGRMC1 accelerates differentiation and fusion of a human trophoblast cell line J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Atsuya Tsuru, Mikihiro Yoshie, Mei Suzuki, Hiroki Mochizuki, Satoshi Kametaka, Takako Ohmaru-Nakanishi, Mana Azumi, Kazuya Kusama, Kiyoko Kato, Kazuhiro Tamura
Mononuclear cytotrophoblasts (CTs) differentiate and fuse to form multinuclear syncytiotrophoblasts (STs), which produce human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone to maintain pregnancy. Impaired differentiation and fusion of CTs to form STs are associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal growth restriction. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is a multifunctional
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Neuronal insulin signaling and resistance: a balancing act of kinases and phosphatases J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Medha Sharma, Yamini Yadav, Chinmoy Sankar Dey
Insulin signaling cascade in peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues regulates whole-body glucose metabolism. Any deregulation in this pathway leads to insulin resistance, ultimately leading to metabolic diseases like type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Insulin signaling in the brain has also been studied for many decades and associated with many primary functions like maintenance of synaptic
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Human gut microbiota and endocrinology: paradigm shift from genome to its regulation J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Matthew T.f. Lamaudière, Mark C Turner, Ramesh P Arasaradnam, Igor Morozov
Over the last two decades, it has become clear that the human gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, are a critical determinant of human health and disease. Microbiota-derived metabolites provide the host with energy, protect against pathogens, modulate immune and endocrine systems as well as the level of reactive oxygen species in the gut. It has come with no
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A bright future for glucagon and alpha cell biology J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Julia K Panzer, Alejandro Caicedo
Long lagging behind insulin, glucagon research has caught up in large part, thanks to technological breakthroughs. Here we review how the field was propelled by the development of novel techniques and approaches. The glucagon radioimmunoassay and islet isolation are methods that now seem trivial, but for decades they were crucial in defining the biology of the pancreatic alpha cell and the role of
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Gestational exposure to cannabidiol leads to glucose intolerance in 3-month-old male offspring J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Sebastian R Vanin, Kendrick Lee, Mina Nashed, Brennan Tse, Mohammed Sarikahya, Sukham Brar, Gregg Tomy, Amica-Mariae Lucas, Thane Tomy, Steven R Laviolette, Edith J Arany, Daniel B Hardy
Reports in North America suggest that up to 20% of young women (18–24 years) use cannabis during pregnancy. This is concerning given clinical studies indicate that maternal cannabis use is associated with fetal growth restriction and dysglycemia in the offspring. Preclinical studies demonstrated that prenatal exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, in rat dams
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Diffuse traumatic brain injury substantially alters plasma growth hormone in the juvenile rat J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 J Bryce Ortiz, Sebastian Tellez, Giri Rampal, Grant S Mannino, Nicole Couillard, Matias Mendez, Tabitha R F Green, Sean M Murphy, Rachel K Rowe
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can damage the hypothalamus and cause improper activation of the growth hormone (GH) axis, leading to growth hormone deficiency (GHD). GHD is one of the most prevalent endocrinopathies following TBI in adults; however, the extent to which GHD affects juveniles remains understudied. We used postnatal day 17 rats (n = 83), which model the late infantile/toddler period, and
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FLNA expression modulates pathological markers of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Jonathan Toledo, Pablo Aníbal Perez, Mical Zanetti, Graciela Díaz-Torga, Jorge Humberto Mukdsi, Silvina Gutierrez
Due to the current limited knowledge about the role of filamin A (FLNA) in pituitary tumour progression, we aimed to analyse FLNA expression levels and its impact on aggressive markers of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs), using an integrative approach of in vivo and in vitro models and human samples. An increase in the expression levels of FLNA was observed in the advanced tumoural stages
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RISING STARS: Mechanistic insights into maternal–fetal cross talk and islet beta-cell development J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Seokwon Jo, Emilyn U Alejandro
The metabolic health trajectory of an individual is shaped as early as prepregnancy, during pregnancy, and lactation period. Both maternal nutrition and metabolic health status are critical factors in the programming of offspring toward an increased propensity to developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Pancreatic beta-cells, part of the endocrine islets, which are nutrient-sensitive tissues important
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Higher weight in partially leptin-resistant db/+ mice is associated with positive effects on bone J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Russell T Turner, Kenneth A Philbrick, Carmen P Wong, Adam J Branscum, Urszula T Iwaniec
Absence of leptin confers metabolic dysfunction resulting in morbid obesity. Bone growth and maturation are also impaired. Partial leptin resistance is more common than leptin deficiency and, when induced by feeding mice a high fat diet, often has a negative effect on bone. Here, we used a genetic model to investigate the skeletal effects of partial and total leptin resistance in mice. This was accomplished
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Adipose tissue fibrosis: the unwanted houseguest invited by obesity J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Christy M Gliniak, Line Pedersen, Philipp E Scherer
The prevalence of obesity is increasing exponentially across the globe. The lack of effective treatment options for long-term weight loss has magnified the enormity of this problem. Studies continue to demonstrate that adipose tissue holds a biological memory, one of the most important determinant of long-term weight maintenance. This phenomenon is consistent with the metabolically dynamic role of
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Loss of Trim28 in muscle alters mitochondrial signalling but not systemic metabolism J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Emily J King, Simon T Bond, Christine Yang, Yingying Liu, Anna C Calkin, Darren C Henstridge, Brian G Drew
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a condition characterised by insulin resistance (IR) and skeletal muscle mitochondrial abnormalities, is a leading cause of death in developed societies. Much work has postulated that improving pathways linked to mitochondrial health, including autophagy, may be a potential avenue to prevent or treat T2DM. Given the recent data indicating a role for tripartite motif-containing
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The effect of serum from calorie-restricted mouse on mTOR signaling in C2C12 myotubes J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Takanaga Shirai, Tomohiro Iwata, Kazuki Uemichi, Riku Tanimura, Ryoto Iwai, Tohru Takemasa
Graphical abstract Abstract Calorie restriction (CR) is a widely recognized dietary approach with beneficial impacts on the entire body, including enhancements in oxidative metabolism and life span extension, while maintaining nutritional balance and calorie intake. However, CR leads to reductions in skeletal muscle and fat mass due to decreased food intake. Consequently, CR significantly modifies
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Sex-based impact of pancreatic islet stressors in GluCreERT2/Rosa26-eYFP mice J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Neil Tanday, Aimee Coulter-Parkhill, R Charlotte Moffett, Karthick Suruli, Vaibhav Dubey, Peter R Flatt, Nigel Irwin
The present study examines differences in metabolic and pancreatic islet adaptative responses following streptozotocin (STZ) and hydrocortisone (HC) administration in male and female transgenic GluCreERT2/Rosa26-eYFP mice. Mice received five daily doses of STZ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or 10 daily doses of HC (70 mg/kg, i.p.), with parameters assessed on day 11. STZ-induced hyperglycaemia was evident in both
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Quercetin improves white adipose tissue redox homeostasis in ovariectomized rats J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Leonardo Matta, Cinthia Breves, Luiz Fonte Boa, Aina Eiras Domingos, Caroline C Faria, Itanna Souza, Niedson Correia Lima-Junior, Anna Paola Trindade Rocha, Bianca M Gregório, Denise Pires Carvalho, Andrea C F Ferreira, José Hamilton Matheus Nascimento, Leonardo Maciel, Rodrigo S Fortunato
Estrogen deficiency is a well-known hallmark of menopause and is associated with oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction. Quercetin (Q), a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in experimental models of metabolic disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) redox homeostasis
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Pro-resolving role of glucagon in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice lung neutrophilia J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Daniella Bianchi Reis Insuela, Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero, Amanda da Silva Chaves, Diego de Sá Coutinho, Nathalia dos Santos Magalhães, Ana Carolina Santos de Arantes, Adriana Ribeiro Silva, Patrícia Machado Rodrigues e Silva, Marco Aurélio Martins, Vinicius Frias Carvalho
Prior research demonstrated that glucagon has protective roles against inflammation, but its effect on the resolution of inflammation remains elusive. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, this study aimed to investigate the pro-resolving potential of glucagon on pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide induced an increase in the proportions of neutrophils
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Metabolic regulation of glucagon secretion J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Sarah L Armour, Jade E Stanley, James Cantley, E Danielle Dean, Jakob G Knudsen
Since the discovery of glucagon 100 years ago, the hormone and the pancreatic islet alpha cells that produce it have remained enigmatic relative to insulin-producing beta cells. Canonically, alpha cells have been described in the context of glucagon’s role in glucose metabolism in liver, with glucose as the primary nutrient signal regulating alpha cell function. However, current data reveal a more
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Postmenopausal osteoporosis coexisting with sarcopenia: the role and mechanisms of estrogen J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Lingyun Lu, Li Tian
Estrogens (estradiol, estriol, and estrone) are important hormones that directly and indirectly regulate the metabolism and function of bone and skeletal muscle via estrogen receptors. Menopause causes a dramatic reduction in the concentration of estrogen in the body. This contributes to a decline in bone and skeletal muscle function, thereby resulting in osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Menopausal women
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Islet cells in human type 1 diabetes: from recent advances to novel therapies – a symposium-based roadmap for future research J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 J Cantley, D L Eizirik, E Latres, C M Dayan
There is a growing understanding that the early phases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are characterised by a deleterious dialogue between the pancreatic beta cells and the immune system. This, combined with the urgent need to better translate this growing knowledge into novel therapies, provided the background for the JDRF–DiabetesUK–INNODIA–nPOD symposium entitled ‘Islet cells in human T1D: from recent
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Mineralocorticoid receptor signalling in primary aldosteronism J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Jun Yang, Morag J Young, Timothy J Cole, Peter J Fuller
Primary aldosteronism, or Conn syndrome, is the most common endocrine cause of hypertension. It is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases, as well as a lower quality of life than for hypertension due to other causes. The multi-systemic effects of primary aldosteronism can be attributed to aldosterone-mediated activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor in a range
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RISING STARS: The heat is on: how does heat exposure cause pregnancy complications? J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Caitlin S Wyrwoll
The incidence and severity of heatwaves are increasing globally with concomitant health complications. Pregnancy is a critical time in the life course at risk of adverse health outcomes due to heat exposure. Dynamic physiological adaptations, which include altered thermoregulatory pathways, occur in pregnancy. If heat dissipation is ineffective, maternal and neonate health outcomes can be compromised
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Blocking FGF23 signaling improves the growth plate of mice with X-linked hypophosphatemia J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Rocío Fuente, Eva-Maria Pastor-Arroyo, Nicole Gehring, Patricia Oro Carbajosa, Laura Alonso-Durán, Ivan Zderic, James Tapia-Dean, Ahmad Kamal Hamid, Carla Bettoni, Fernando Santos, Carsten A Wagner, Isabel Rubio-Aliaga
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphaturic hormone. X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most prevalent inherited phosphate wasting disorder due to mutations in the PHEX gene, which cause elevated circulating FGF23 levels. Clinically, it is characterized by growth impairment and defective mineralization of bones and teeth. Treatment of XLH is challenging. Since 2018, neutralizing antibodies
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Exercise prevents obesity by reducing gut-derived inflammatory signals to brown adipocytes in mice J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Henrique Souza-Tavares, Aline Fernandes-da-Silva, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Gustavo Casimiro-Lopes, Patricia Cristina Lisboa, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda, Vanessa Souza-Mello
Gut dysbiosis impairs nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) in obesity. The antiobesogenic effects of exercise training might involve the modulation of gut microbiota and its inflammatory signals to the brown adipose tissue (BAT). This study evaluated whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) prevent overweight through reduced gut-derived inflammatory
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Neuronal Ptpn1 and Socs3 deletion improves metabolism but not anovulation in a mouse polycystic ovary syndrome model J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Romy I Kerbus, Megan A Inglis, Greg M Anderson
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Approximately half of the diagnosed individuals also experience the metabolic syndrome. Central and peripheral resistance to the hormones insulin and leptin have been reported to contribute to both metabolic and reproductive dysregulation. In PCOS and preclinical PCOS animal models, circulating insulin and leptin
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Human brown adipose tissue function: insights from current in vivo techniques J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 T’ng Choong Kwok, Roland H Stimson
The identification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a thermogenic organ in human adults approximately 20 years ago raised the exciting possibility of activating this tissue as a new treatment for obesity and cardiometabolic disease. [18F]Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning is the most commonly used imaging modality to detect
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Fibroblast growth factor 10 alleviates acute lung injury by inhibiting excessive autophagy via Nrf2 J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Shuai Huang, Yincong Xue, Wanying Chen, Mei Xue, Lei Miao, Li Dong, Hao Zuo, Hezhi Wen, Xiong Lei, Zhixiao Xu, Meiyu Quan, Lisha Guo, Yawen Zheng, Zhendong Wang, Li Yang, Yuping Li, Chengshui Chen
Acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with an increased incidence of respiratory diseases, which are devastating clinical disorders with high global mortality and morbidity. Evidence confirms that fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play key roles in mediating ALI. Mice were treated with LPS (lipopolysaccharide: 5 mg/kg, intratracheally) to establish an in vivo ALI model. Human lung epithelial BEAS-2B
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The GLP-1 agonist, exendin-4, stimulates LH secretion in female sheep J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Elizabeth M Simpson, Iain J Clarke, Christopher J Scott, Cyril P Stephen, Alexandra Rao, Allan J Gunn
Our previous studies showed that microinjection into the median eminence of the sheep of glucagon-like peptide- 1 (GLP-1) or its receptor agonist exendin-4 stimulates luteinising hormone (LH) secretion, but it is unknown whether the same effect may be obtained by systemic administration of the same. The present study measured the response in terms of plasma LH concentrations to intravenous (iv) infusion
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Impact of ACE2 on the susceptibility and vulnerability to COVID-19 J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Kirsty G Pringle, Lisa K Philp
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is not only the viral receptor for the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) but is also classically known as a key carboxypeptidase, which through multiple interacting partners plays vital physiological roles in the heart, kidney, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. An accumulating body of evidence has implicated the dysregulation
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BRD7 improves glucose homeostasis independent of IRS proteins J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Yoo Kim, Junsik M Lee, Youngah Han, Rongya Tao, Morris F White, Renyan Liu, Sang Won Park
Bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) has emerged as a player in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Hepatic BRD7 levels are decreased in obese mice, and the reinstatement of hepatic BRD7 in obese mice has been shown to establish euglycemia and improve glucose homeostasis. Of note, the upregulation of hepatic BRD7 levels activates the AKT cascade in response to insulin without enhancing the sensitivity
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Hypothalamic neuroendocrine integration of reproduction and metabolism in mammals J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Fan Yang, Shuang Zhao, Pingqing Wang, Wei Xiang
Reproduction in mammals is an extremely energy-intensive process and is therefore tightly controlled by the body's energy status. Changes in the nutritional status of the body cause fluctuations in the levels of peripheral metabolic hormone signals, such as leptin, insulin, and ghrelin, which provide feedback to the hypothalamus and integrate to coordinate metabolism and fertility. Therefore, to link
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Neural gut-to-brain communication for postprandial control of satiation and glucose metabolism J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Leonie Cabot, Juliet Erlenbeck-Dinkelmann, Henning Fenselau
The brain is tuned to integrate food-derived signals from the gut, allowing it to accurately adjust behavioral and physiological responses in accordance with nutrient availability. A key element of gut-to-brain communication is the relay of neural cues via peripheral sensory neurons (PSN) which harbor functionally specialized peripheral endings innervating the muscular and mucosal layers of gastrointestinal
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Sex-specific regulation of prolactin secretion by pituitary activins in postnatal development J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Alejandra Abeledo-Machado, Dana Bornancini, Milagros Peña-Zanoni, María Andrea Camilletti, Erika Yanil Faraoni, Graciela Díaz-Torga
Serum prolactin increases from birth to adulthood in rats, being higher in females from birth. The maturation of hypothalamic/gonadal prolactin-releasing and -inhibiting factors does not explain some sex differences observed. During the first weeks of life, prolactin secretion increases, even when lactotrophs are isolated in vitro, in the absence of those controls, suggesting the participation of intra-pituitary
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GPER1 deficiency causes sex-specific dysregulation of hippocampal plasticity and cognitive function J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Aune Koitmäe, Yannik Karsten, Xiaoyu Li, Fabio Morellini, Gabriele M Rune, Roland A Bender
Estrogens regulate synaptic properties and influence hippocampus-related learning and memory via estrogen receptors, which include the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). Studying mice, in which the GPER1 gene is dysfunctional (GPER1-KO), we here provide evidence for sex-specific roles of GPER1 in these processes. GPER1-KO males showed reduced anxiety in the elevated plus maze, whereas the
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Testosterone and type 2 diabetes prevention: translational lessons from the T4DM study J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Gary A Wittert, Mathis Grossmann, Bu B Yeap, David J Handelsman
Testosterone acting via the androgen receptor, and via aromatisation to oestradiol, an activator of the oestrogen receptor, plays key roles in adipose tissue, bone and skeletal muscle biology. This is reflected in epidemiological studies associating obesity and disordered glucose metabolism with lower serum testosterone concentrations and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in men. Testosterone
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The alternate pathway of androgen metabolism and window of sensitivity J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Marilyn B Renfree, Geoff Shaw
Since the discovery in 1968 that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a major mediator of androgen action, a convincing body of evidence has accumulated to indicate that the major pathway of DHT formation is the 5α-reduction of circulating testosterone in androgen target tissues. However, we now know that DHT can also be formed in peripheral tissues by the oxidation of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (adiol). This
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Recycling glucocorticoids: therapeutic implications of the 11β-HSD1 enzyme system J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Kevin H Tsai, Mark S Cooper
Endogenous glucocorticoids and commonly used oral glucocorticoids have the property of existing in an inactive and active form in vivo. The inactive form can be converted back to the active form, or ‘recycled’ in cells and tissues that express the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) enzyme. This recycling provides an important contribution to the action of glucocorticoids. This review
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SIRT3 overexpression in rat muscle does not ameliorate peripheral insulin resistance J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Brenna Osborne, Lauren E Wright, Amanda E Brandon, Ella Stuart, Lewin Small, Joris Hoeks, Patrick Schrauwen, David A Sinclair, Magdalene K Montgomery, Gregory J Cooney, Nigel Turner
Reduced expression of the NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT3, has been associated with insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in humans and rodents. In this study, we investigated whether specific overexpression of SIRT3 in vivo in skeletal muscle could prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced muscle insulin resistance. To address this, we used a muscle-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) to overexpress
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100 years of glucagon anniversary J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 James Cantley, Vincent Poitout, Rebecca L Hull-Meichle
The year 2023 marks 100 years since publication of the first report of a hyperglycemic factor in pancreatic extracts which C P Kimball and John R Murlin named glucagon (from GLUCose AGONist). Glucagon has a range of profound effects on metabolism including, but not limited to, stimulation of hepatic glucose production. Dysregulation of glucagon secretion is a key feature of both major forms of diabetes
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Contribution of local regeneration of glucocorticoids to tissue steroid pools J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 S Khan, D E W Livingstone, A Zielinska, C L Doig, D F Cobice, C L Esteves, J T Y Man, N Z M Homer, J R Seckl, C L MacKay, S P Webster, G G Lavery, K E Chapman, B R Walker, R Andrew
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) is a drug target to attenuate adverse effects of chronic glucocorticoid excess. It catalyses intracellular regeneration of active glucocorticoids in tissues including brain, liver and adipose tissue (coupled to hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, H6PDH). 11βHSD1 activity in individual tissues is thought to contribute significantly to glucocorticoid levels
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Do adipocytes serve as a reservoir for severe acute respiratory symptom coronavirus-2? J. Endocrinol. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Charlotte Steenblock, Nicole Bechmann, Felix Beuschlein, Christian Wolfrum, Stefan R Bornstein
Obesity is associated with a higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and increased mortality. In the current study, we have investigated the expression of ACE2, NRP1, and HMGB1, known to facilitate severe acute respiratory symptom coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry, in adipose tissue from non-COVID-19 control patients with normal weight, overweight, and obesity. All factors were