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Roles of gender and smoking in the associations between urinary phytoestrogens and asthma/wheeze and lung function: evidence from a cross-sectional study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yin Zhang, Tingxuan Huang, Ji Wang, Gang Wang, Fengming Luo
Background The role of phytoestrogens in asthma/wheeze and lung function remains controversial. Thus, we aimed to examine whether phytoestrogens have beneficial effects on asthma/wheeze, lung function for subgroups and mortality. Methods Participants in this study were individuals aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression models
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Characteristics, treatment patterns and burden of illness in US patients with asthma newly initiating multiple-inhaler triple therapy BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Beade Numbere, Yunhao Liu, Shiyuan Zhang, Alexandrosz Czira, Yifei Lu
Introduction For patients with asthma who remain symptomatic on medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist, add-on long-acting muscarinic antagonist is a treatment option, which can be administered as multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT). A high proportion of patients (61.5%–88.2%) discontinue MITT use within 1 year postinitiation; however, which patients discontinue and their treatment
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Comorbidities associated with adult asthma: a population-based matched cohort study in Finland BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Riikka Emilia Lemmetyinen, Sanna Katriina Toppila-Salmi, Anna But, Risto Renkonen, Juha Pekkanen, Jari Haukka, Jussi Karjalainen
Background Asthma is a common chronic disease characterised by variable respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, affecting roughly 4%–10% of the adult population. Adult asthma is associated with higher all-cause mortality compared to individuals without asthma. In this study, we investigate the comorbidities that may affect the management of asthma. Methods Total of 1648 adults with asthma and
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Utility of peripheral protein biomarkers for the prediction of incident interstitial features: a multicentre retrospective cohort study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Samuel Ash, Tracy J Doyle, Bina Choi, Ruben San Jose Estepar, Victor Castro, Nicholas Enzer, Ravi Kalhan, Gabrielle Liu, Russell Bowler, David O Wilson, Raul San Jose Estepar, Ivan O Rosas, George R Washko
Introduction/rationale Protein biomarkers may help enable the prediction of incident interstitial features on chest CT. Methods We identified which protein biomarkers in a cohort of smokers (COPDGene) differed between those with and without objectively measured interstitial features at baseline using a univariate screen (t-test false discovery rate, FDR p<0.001), and which of those were associated
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Characteristics and phenotypes of a COPD cohort from referral hospital clinics in Uganda BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Patricia Alupo, Levicatus Mugenyi, Winceslaus Katagira, Alex Kayongo, Joanitah Nalunjogi, Trishul Siddharthan, John R Hurst, Bruce Kirenga, Rupert Jones
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition with varied clinical and pathophysiological characteristics. Although there is increasing evidence that COPD in low-income and middle-income countries may have different clinical characteristics from that in high-income countries, little is known about COPD phenotypes in these settings. We describe the clinical characteristics
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Robust positive association between serum urate and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: hospital-based cohort and Mendelian randomisation study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Boqi Rao, Dongming Xie, Yibin Deng, Junyi Ye, Xiaobin Zeng, Ao Lin, Jinbin Chen, Dongsheng Huang, Chenli Xie, Cuiyi Chen, Yixuan Luo, Xiaoxiao Lu, Xinhua Wang, Jiachun Lu
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hyperuricaemia are both characterised by systemic inflammation. Preventing chronic diseases among the population with common metabolic abnormality is an effective strategy. However, the association of hyperuricaemia with the higher incidence and risk of COPD remains controversial. Therefore, replicated researches in populations with distinct
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Characteristics of pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Mira A Donaldson, Kathryn Donohoe, Deborah Assayag, Celine Durand, Jolene H Fisher, Kerri Johannson, Martin Kolb, Stacey D Lok, Hélène Manganas, Veronica Marcoux, Bohyung Min, Julie Morisset, Daniel-Costin Marinescu, Christopher J Ryerson
Background Fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is frequently associated with abnormal oxygenation; however, little is known about the accuracy of oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) compared with arterial blood gas (ABG) saturation (SaO2), the factors that influence the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and the impact of PaCO2 on outcomes in patients with fibrotic ILD. Study design
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Vasoactive drugs for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung diseases: a systematic review BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Gabriele Bongiovanni, Antonio Tonutti, Anna Stainer, Mattia Nigro, Dean L Kellogg, Anoop Nambiar, Andrea Gramegna, Marco Mantero, Antonio Voza, Francesco Blasi, Stefano Aliberti, Francesco Amati
Objectives Vasoactive drugs have exhibited clinical efficacy in addressing pulmonary arterial hypertension, manifesting a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hypertension may complicate advanced interstitial lung disease (PH-ILD) and is associated with high rates of disability, hospitalisation due to cardiac and respiratory illnesses, and mortality. Prior management hinged on
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Association of high-sensitivity CRP and FEV1%pred: a study on non-pulmonary disease in a population in Beijing, China BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xiaoyu Yang, Jiping Liao, Sainan Zhu, Cheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Ma, Chunbo Zhang, Yunxia Wang, Kunyan Sun, Guangfa Wang
Background No studies have investigated whether high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) can be used to predict the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/estimated value of FEV1 (FEV1%pred). This study aimed to assess the association between hsCRP and FEV1%pred in middle-aged and elderly individuals without underlying lung disease. Methods The data for this study were obtained from a prospective
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Risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis recurrence, relapse and reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Victor Vega, Javier Cabrera-Sanchez, Sharon Rodríguez, Kristien Verdonck, Carlos Seas, Larissa Otero, Patrick Van der Stuyft
Background The rate of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) recurrence is substantial. Identifying risk factors can support the development of prevention strategies. Methods We retrieved studies published between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2022 that assessed factors associated with undifferentiated TB recurrence, relapse or reinfection. For factors reported in at least four studies, we performed random-effects
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Inhaled corticosteroids and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Christian Rønn, Peter Kamstrup, Christian Kjer Heerfordt, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Josefin Eklöf, Jonas Bredtoft Boel, Christian Ostergaard, Ram Benny Dessau, Mia Moberg, Julie Janner, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Jens-Ulrik Stæhr Jensen
Objectives Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, ICS are associated with an increased risk of adverse effects. We aimed to determine whether an association between a lower respiratory tract culture with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and increasing ICS dosing in patients with COPD exists. Design An observational cohort study
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Association between heated tobacco product use and airway obstruction: a single-centre observational study, Japan BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Satomi Odani, Shihoko Koyama, Isao Miyashiro, Hironobu Tanigami, Yoshifumi Ohashi, Takahiro Tabuchi
Background While heated tobacco products (HTPs) may affect pulmonary function, the evidence supporting the utility of screening for HTP use in clinical settings is insufficient. We examined the association between HTP use and airway obstruction after switching from cigarettes. Method The study subjects were patients aged ≥20 years undergoing surgery from December 2021 to September 2022 who completed
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Novel 3D-based deep learning for classification of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using high-resolution CT BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xinmei Huang, Wufei Si, Xu Ye, Yichao Zhao, Huimin Gu, Mingrui Zhang, Shufei Wu, Yanchen Shi, Xianhua Gui, Yonglong Xiao, Mengshu Cao
Purpose Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is the primary cause of death in patients with IPF, characterised by diffuse, bilateral ground-glass opacification on high-resolution CT (HRCT). This study proposes a three-dimensional (3D)-based deep learning algorithm for classifying AE-IPF using HRCT images. Materials and methods A novel 3D-based deep learning algorithm, SlowFast
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Predicting parameters of airway dynamics generated from inspiratory and expiratory plethysmographic airway loops, differentiating subtypes of chronic obstructive diseases BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Richard Kraemer, Hans-Jürgen Smith, Juergen Reinstaedtler, Sabina Gallati, Heinrich Matthys
Background The plethysmographic shift volume–flow loop (sRaw-loop) measured during tidal breathing allows the determination of several lung function parameters such as the effective specific airway resistance (sReff), calculated from the ratio of the integral of the resistive aerodynamic specific work of breathing (sWOB) and the integral of the corresponding flow–volume loop. However, computing the
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Pilot observational cohort study to determine whether waveform and flow traces from mechanical insufflation–exsufflation (MI-E) can be used to identify laryngeal responses to MI-E and thus optimise treatment algorithms in neuromuscular patients in a tertiary centre: a protocol description BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Stephanie K Mansell, Rhiannon Parry, Amar Shah, Francesca Gowing, Charlotte Greenfield, Yogesh Bhatt, Swapna Mandal
Introduction Patients with neuromuscular disease often have a weak and ineffective cough due to respiratory muscle weakness. One treatment option is mechanical insufflation–exsufflation (MI-E), also known as cough assist, which is known to increase cough strength. However, some patients have a laryngeal response to MI-E, which can make the treatment ineffective. Currently, the only method for assessing
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What if… your research is suddenly affiliated with a tobacco manufacturing company? BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Wytse Bastiaan van den Bosch, Noortje Jacobs, Harm Tiddens, Suzanne van de Vathorst
The tobacco industry is accountable for an annual global death toll of approximately 8 million people and cigarette smoking is the foremost risk factor for several types of cancer. In addition, the tobacco industry has a long and controversial history of trying to influence scientific research and of engaging in other morally problematic practices. In September 2021, the respiratory community was alarmed
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Survival following lung volume reduction procedures: results from the UK Lung Volume Reduction (UKLVR) registry BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 S C Buttery, A Lewis, A Alzetani, C E Bolton, K J Curtis, J W Dodd, A M Habib, A Hussain, T Havelock, S Jordan, C Kallis, S V Kemp, A Kirk, R A Lawson, R Mahadeva, M Munavvar, B Naidu, S Rathinam, M Shackcloth, P L Shah, S Tenconi, N S Hopkinson
Introduction Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) and endobronchial valve (EBV) placement can produce substantial benefits in appropriately selected people with emphysema. The UK Lung Volume Reduction (UKLVR) registry is a national multicentre observational study set up to support quality standards and assess outcomes from LVR procedures at specialist centres across the UK. Methods Data were analysed
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Effect of a lower target oxygen saturation range on the risk of hypoxaemia and elevated NEWS2 scores at a university hospital: a retrospective study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 B Ronan O'Driscoll, Louis Kirton, Mark Weatherall, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Peter Turkington, Julie Cook, Richard Beasley
Background The optimal target oxygen saturation (SpO2) range for hospital inpatients not at risk of hypercapnia is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the impact on oxygen usage and National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) of changing the standard SpO2 target range from 94–98% to 92–96%. Methods In a metropolitan UK hospital, a database of electronic bedside SpO2 measurements, oxygen prescriptions
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Protective role of the HSP90 inhibitor, STA-9090, in lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected Syrian golden hamsters BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Luiz Gustavo Teixeira Alves, Morris Baumgardt, Christine Langner, Mara Fischer, Julia Maria Adler, Judith Bushe, Theresa Catharina Firsching, Guido Mastrobuoni, Jenny Grobe, Katja Hoenzke, Stefan Kempa, Achim Dieter Gruber, Andreas Christian Hocke, Jakob Trimpert, Emanuel Wyler, Markus Landthaler
Introduction The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, capable of escaping the humoral immunity acquired by the available vaccines, together with waning immunity and vaccine hesitancy, challenges the efficacy of the vaccination strategy in fighting COVID-19. Improved therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to better intervene particularly in severe cases of the disease. They should aim at controlling
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REMOTE-ILD study: Description of the protocol for a multicentre, 12-month randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of remote monitoring of spirometry and pulse oximetry in patients with interstitial lung disease BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sarah Barth, Colin Edwards, Rebecca Borton, Dan Beever, Wendy Adams, Gisli Jenkins, Elena Pizzo, Iain Stewart, Melissa Wickremasinghe
Introduction Remote monitoring of home physiological measurements has been proposed as a solution to support patients with chronic diseases as well as facilitating virtual consultations and pandemic preparedness for the future. Daily home spirometry and pulse oximetry have been demonstrated to be safe and acceptable to patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) but there is currently limited evidence
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Risk of exacerbation and mortality in asthma: a 10-year retrospective financial database analysis of the Hungarian Health Insurance Fund BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Gábor Tomisa, Balázs Sánta, Alpár Horváth, László Németh, Balázs Tamás, Gabriella Gálffy, Lilla Tamási, Noémi Eszes
Introduction Asthma is the most prevalent obstructive pulmonary disease, with drastically improved treatment options over the past decades. However, there is still a proportion of patients with suboptimal level of asthma control, leading to multiple hospitalisation due to severe acute exacerbation (SAE) and earlier death. In our study, we aimed to assess the risk of SAEs and mortality in patients who
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Mycophenolate and azathioprine efficacy in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Francesco Lombardi, Iain Stewart, Laura Fabbri, Wendy Adams, Leticia Kawano-Dourado, Christopher J Ryerson, Gisli Jenkins
Objectives Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) are immunomodulatory treatments in interstitial lung disease (ILD). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MMF or AZA on pulmonary function in ILD. Design Population included any ILD diagnosis, intervention included MMF or AZA treatment, outcome was delta change from baseline in per cent predicted forced vital capacity
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Clinical manifestations and prognostic factors analysis of patients hospitalised with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Cuirong Ba, Huijuan Wang, Chunguo Jiang, Xuhua Shi, Jiawei Jin, Qiuhong Fang
Background Acute exacerbation (AE) is a life-threatening condition taking place not only in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) but also in interstitial lung diseases (ILD) other than IPF (non-IPF ILD). This study aims to compare the clinical manifestations between patients hospitalised with AE-IPF and AE-non-IPF ILD, and further analyse the risk factors related to in-hospital mortality. Methods Clinical
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Real-world treatment trajectories of adults with newly diagnosed asthma or COPD BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Aniek F Markus, Peter R Rijnbeek, Jan A Kors, Edward Burn, Talita Duarte-Salles, Markus Haug, Chungsoo Kim, Raivo Kolde, Youngsoo Lee, Hae-Sim Park, Rae Woong Park, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Carlen Reyes, Jerry A Krishnan, Guy G Brusselle, Katia MC Verhamme
Background There is a lack of knowledge on how patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are globally treated in the real world, especially with regard to the initial pharmacological treatment of newly diagnosed patients and the different treatment trajectories. This knowledge is important to monitor and improve clinical practice. Methods This retrospective cohort study aims
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Clinical utility of elective paediatric flexible bronchoscopy and impact on the quality of life: protocol for a single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Rahul Thomas, Julie M Marchant, Vikas Goyal, Ian Brent Masters, Stephanie T Yerkovich, Anne B Chang
Introduction Elective flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is now widely available and standard practice for a variety of indications in children with respiratory conditions. However, there are no randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that have examined its benefits (or otherwise). Our primary aim is to determine the impact of FB on the parent-proxy quality-of-life (QoL) scores. Our secondary aims are to determine
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Why do patients with DR-TB do not complete their treatment? Findings of a qualitative study from Pakistan BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Muhammad Abubakar, Matti Ullah, Muhammad Aamir Shaheen, Orva Abdullah
Background One of the major reasons for unsuccessful treatment outcomes among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the high rate of loss to follow-up (LTFU). However, in Pakistan, no qualitative study has been conducted to explore the perceptions of LTFU patients with regard to DR-TB treatment, the problems they face and the reasons for LTFU in detail. Methods This was a qualitative
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Association between pulmonary function and rapid kidney function decline: a longitudinal cohort study from CHARLS BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Shisheng Han, Yanqiu Xu, Yi Wang
Background Pulmonary function has been reported to be associated with chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between lung function and rapid kidney function decline remains unclear. Methods Participants aged ≥45 years with complete data from the 2011 and 2015 interviews of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Lung function, assessed by peak expiratory
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Association of non-obstructive dyspnoea with all-cause mortality and incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Yuyan Hou, Fan Wu, Huanhuan Fan, Haiqing Li, Binwei Hao, Zhishan Deng, Xiaoyan Lu, Yumin Zhou, Pixin Ran
Background Controversy exists regarding the association between non-obstructive dyspnoea and the future development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and mortality. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association of non-obstructive dyspnoea with mortality and incident COPD in adults. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies published from inception to
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Cluster analysis of long COVID in Japan and association of its trajectory of symptoms and quality of life BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Fumimaro Ito, Hideki Terai, Masahiro Kondo, Ryo Takemura, Ho Namkoong, Takanori Asakura, Shotaro Chubachi, Keita Masuzawa, Sohei Nakayama, Yusuke Suzuki, Mizuha Hashiguchi, Junko Kagyo, Tetsuya Shiomi, Naoto Minematsu, Tadashi Manabe, Takahiro Fukui, Yohei Funatsu, Hidefumi Koh, Katsunori Masaki, Keiko Ohgino, Jun Miyata, Ichiro Kawada, Makoto Ishii, Yasunori Sato, Koichi Fukunaga
Background Multiple prolonged symptoms observed in patients who recovered from COVID-19 are defined as long COVID. Although diverse phenotypic combinations are possible, they remain unclear. This study aimed to perform a cluster analysis of long COVID in Japan and clarify the association between its characteristics and background factors and quality of life (QOL). Methods This multicentre prospective
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease trajectory: severe exacerbations and dynamic change in health-related quality of life BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sheng-Han Tsai, Jo-Ying Hung, Pei-Fang Su, Chih-Hui Hsu, Chun-Hsiang Yu, Xin-Min Liao, Jung-Der Wang, Tzuen-Ren Hsiue, Chiung-Zuei Chen
Background The life trajectory of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unknown. Patients and methods We collected data from two populations. In the first cohort, we recruited 375 patients with COPD from our hospital, and 1440 repeated assessments of quality of life (QoL) using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions questionnaire from 2006 to 2020. We analysed their dynamic changes
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Hospitalisations and fatality due to respiratory diseases according to a national database in Brazil: a longitudinal study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Darllane Azevedo Lemos, Luiza Gabriela de Araújo Fonseca, Rencio Bento Florêncio, José Alexandre Barbosa de Almeida, Illia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima, Lucien Peroni Gualdi
Background Respiratory diseases (RDs) cause millions of hospitalisations and deaths worldwide, resulting in economic and social impacts. Strategies for health promotion and disease prevention based on the epidemiological profile of the population may reduce hospital costs. Aim To characterise hospitalisations and deaths due to RDs in Brazilian adults above 20 years old between 2008 and 2021. Methods
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Association between statin use and tuberculosis risk in patients with bronchiectasis: a retrospective population-based cohort study in Taiwan BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Kuang-Ming Liao, Chung-Shu Lee, Yu-Cih Wu, Chin-Chung Shu, Chung-Han Ho
Background Chronic airway diseases have been associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB); however, data in patients with bronchiectasis is limited. Statins have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the inflammatory response. This study investigated whether statin treatment could reduce the risk of TB in patients with bronchiectasis. Methods We conducted a retrospective
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Remote pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease: developing the model using experience-based codesign BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Lisa Jane Brighton, Nannette Spain, Jose Gonzalez-Nieto, Karen A Ingram, Jennifer Harvey, William D-C Man, Claire M Nolan
Background Remote delivery may improve access to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Existing studies are largely limited to individuals with COPD, and the interventions have lacked codesign elements to reflect the needs and experiences of people with chronic respiratory disease, their carers/families and healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was, using experience-based codesign (EBCD), to collaborate
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High S100A9 level predicts poor survival, and the S100A9 inhibitor paquinimod is a candidate for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Shinichiro Miura, Hiroshi Iwamoto, Masashi Namba, Kakuhiro Yamaguchi, Shinjiro Sakamoto, Yasushi Horimasu, Takeshi Masuda, Shintaro Miyamoto, Taku Nakashima, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Kazunori Fujitaka, Hironobu Hamada, Noboru Hattori
Background S100A9 is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein that may play an important role in the inflammatory response and fibrotic processes. Paquinimod is an immunomodulatory compound that prevents S100A9 activity. Its safety and pharmacokinetics have been confirmed in human clinical trials. In this study, we investigated the effects of paquinimod in preventing the development of lung fibrosis
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Respiratory symptoms, exacerbations and sleep disturbances are more common among participants with asthma and chronic airflow limitation: an epidemiological study in Estonia, Iceland and Sweden BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Stephanie Mindus, Thorarinn Gislason, Bryndis Benediktsdottir, Rain Jogi, Robert Moverare, Andrei Malinovschi, Christer Janson
Background Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but is also present in some patients with asthma. We investigated respiratory symptoms, sleep and health status of participants with and without CAL with particular emphasis on concurrent asthma using data from adult populations in Iceland, Estonia and Sweden investigated within the Burden of Obstructive
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Quantifying non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment due to early discontinuation: a systematic literature review of timings to loss to follow-up BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Elizabeth F Walker, Mary Flook, Alison J Rodger, Katherine L Fielding, Helen R Stagg
Background The burden of non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment is poorly understood. One type is early discontinuation, that is, stopping treatment early. Given the implications of early discontinuation for treatment outcomes, we undertook a systematic review to estimate its burden, using the timing of loss to follow-up (LFU) as a proxy measure. Methods Web of Science, Embase and Medline
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Is there a role for fibreoptic bronchoscopy in patients presenting with haemoptysis and negative CT? A systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Syed Mohammad, Thisarana Wijayaratne, Akash Mavilakandy, Nawazish Karim, Margaret Theaker, Raja Reddy, George Tsaknis
Introduction Haemoptysis can be a feature of lung cancer and patients are typically fast-tracked for evaluation with chest radiography, contrast-enhanced CT and fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). Objective We aim to explore whether FOB should be conducted as a component of the routine evaluation of non-massive haemoptysis, especially in the context of suspected lung cancer. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and
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Impacts of regular physical activity on hospitalisation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a nationwide population-based study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Bumhee Yang, Hyun Lee, Jiin Ryu, Dong Won Park, Tai Sun Park, Jee-Eun Chung, Tae-Hyung Kim, Jang Won Sohn, Eung-Gook Kim, Kang Hyeon Choe, Ho Joo Yoon, Ji-Yong Moon
Introduction Studies that comprehensively evaluate the association between physical activity (PA) levels, particularly by quantifying PA intensity, and healthcare use requiring emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited in Korea. Methods The risk of all-cause and respiratory ED visit or hospitalisation according to the
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Adherence to application technique of inhaled corticosteroid in patients with asthma and COVID-19 improves outcomes BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Aleš Tichopád, Jan Žigmond, Miloš Jeseňák, Ivan Solovič, Katarína Breciková, Marian Rybář, Martin Rožánek, Vratislav Sedlák
Background Inhaled corticosteroids have been widely reported as a preventive measure against the development of severe forms of COVID-19 not only in patients with asthma. Methods In 654 Czech and Slovak patients with asthma who developed COVID-19, we investigated whether the correct use of inhaler containing corticosteroids was associated with a less severe course of COVID-19 and whether this had an
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Real-world implementation of the National Early Warning Score-2 in an acute respiratory unit BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Sherif Gonem, Joseph Lemberger, Abdulla Baguneid, Steve Briggs, Tricia M McKeever, Dominick Shaw
Introduction The National Early Warning Score-2 (NEWS-2) is used to detect deteriorating patients in hospital settings. We aimed to understand how NEWS-2 functions in the real-life setting of an acute respiratory unit. Methods Clinical observations data were extracted for adult patients (age ≥18 years), admitted under the care of respiratory medicine services from July to December 2019, who had at
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Characteristics and outcomes of patients enrolled in the Connect 360 benralizumab patient support programme in the UK: a retrospective cohort study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Tamsin Morris, Robert Wood, Mark Silvey, Christina Diomatari, Joe Lipworth, Shruti Menon
Background Patient support programmes (PSPs) allow patients with chronic diseases to receive treatment and support at home. This study describes the Connect 360 PSP delivery and impact on patient-reported outcomes, satisfaction and adherence/persistence among benralizumab-treated patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). Methods A non-interventional retrospective cohort study using data collected
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Effects of indoor air pollution on clinical outcomes in patients with interstitial lung disease: protocol of a multicentre prospective observational study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Hee-Young Yoon, Sun-Young Kim, Jin Woo Song
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. While there is evidence suggesting that outdoor air pollution affects the clinical course of IPF, the impact of indoor air pollution on patients with IPF has not been extensively studied. Therefore, this prospective multicentre observational study aims to investigate the
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Impact of different corticosteroids on severe community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Xin Ya See, Tsu Hsien Wang, Yu-Cheng Chang, Juien Lo, Weitao Liu, Cheryn Yu Wei Choo, Yu-Che Lee, Kevin Sheng Kai Ma, Cho-Hsien Chiang, Yuan Ping Hsia, Cho-Hung Chiang, Cho-Han Chiang
Objectives Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated conflicting results regarding the effects of corticosteroids on the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of different corticosteroids on patients who were hospitalised for severe CAP. Methods We performed a systematic search through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register
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Patient preferences for the treatment of chronic cough: a discrete choice experiment BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Aparna C Swaminathan, Jui-Chen Yang, Helen Ding, Kiran Grover, Theresa Coles, Jonathan Schelfhout, F Reed Johnson
Background Chronic cough is common, negatively affects quality of life and has limited treatment options. Inhibition of purinergic signalling is a promising therapeutic approach but is associated with taste-related adverse effects. Little is known about treatment preferences from the perspective of patients with chronic cough, such as trade-offs between efficacy and side effect. Methods Patients with
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Systemic corticosteroids in fibrotic lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Tyler Pitre, Leticia Kawano-Dourado, George V Kachkovski, Darren Leung, Gareth Leung, Kairavi Desai, Chunjuan Zhai, Wendy Adams, Manuela Funke-Chambour, Michael Kreuter, Iain Stewart, Christopher J Ryerson, Gisli Jenkins, Dena Zeraatkar
Objectives We aimed to assess the available evidence for corticosteroids in fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD) to inform the randomised embedded multifactorial adaptive platform ILD. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources We searched Embase, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science databases from inception to April 17 2023. Eligibility criteria We included studies that
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Supervised machine learning model to predict mortality in patients undergoing venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from a nationwide multicentre registry BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Haeun Lee, Myung Jin Song, Young-Jae Cho, Dong Jung Kim, Sang-Bum Hong, Se Young Jung, Sung Yoon Lim
Background Existing models have performed poorly when predicting mortality for patients undergoing venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML)-based prediction model to predict 90-day mortality in patients undergoing VV-ECMO. Methods This study included 368 patients with acute respiratory failure undergoing VV-ECMO from
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Automated audit of hospital oxygen use devised during the COVID-19 pandemic BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ronan O'Driscoll, Nawar Diar Bakerly
Background The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has organised intermittent audits of hospital oxygen use in UK hospitals since 2008. Manual audits are time-consuming and subject to human errors. Oxygen prescribing and bedside observations including National Early Warning Scores (NEWS2 scores) are undertaken within an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) at this hospital. Methods The hospital’s
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Bronchial rheoplasty for chronic bronchitis: 2-year results from a US feasibility study with RheOx BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Frank C Sciurba, Mark T Dransfield, Victor Kim, Nathaniel Marchetti, Alejandro Comellas, Douglas Kyle Hogarth, Adnan Majid
Introduction Chronic bronchitis (CB), a phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterised by persistent cough and mucus hypersecretion, is associated with poor outcomes despite guideline-based treatment. Bronchial rheoplasty (BR) with the RheOx system delivers non-thermal pulsed electric fields to the lower airway epithelium and submucosa to reduce mucus producing cells. Early
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Reduced tidal volume-inflection point and elevated operating lung volumes during exercise in females with well-controlled asthma BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Andrew R Brotto, Devin B Phillips, Samira D Rowland, Linn E Moore, Eric Wong, Michael K Stickland
Introduction Individuals with asthma breathe at higher operating lung volumes during exercise compared with healthy individuals, which contributes to increased exertional dyspnoea. In health, females are more likely to develop exertional dyspnoea than males at a given workload or ventilation, and therefore, it is possible that females with asthma may develop disproportional dyspnoea on exertion. The
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Does mixing inhaler devices lead to unchecked inhaler technique errors in patients with COPD? Findings from the cross-sectional observational MISMATCH study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Lars Dijk, Marjan Kerkhof, Merijn Driessen, Yoran H Gerritsma, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Jaime Correia-de-Sousa, P N Richard Dekhuijzen, Marika Leving, David B Price, Ioanna Tsiligianni, Omar Usmani, Huib A M Kerstjens, Janwillem W H Kocks
Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be prescribed multiple inhalers that require different techniques for optimal performance. Mixing devices has been associated with poorer COPD outcomes suggesting that it leads to inappropriate inhaler technique. However, empirical evidence is lacking. Aims Compare the nature and frequency of dry powder inhaler (DPI) technique
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Association of alpha globin gene copy number with exhaled nitric oxide in a cross-sectional study of healthy Black adults BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 A Parker Ruhl, Jarrett M Jackson, Carlos J Carhuas, Jessica G Niño de Rivera, Michael P Fay, J Brice Weinberg, Loretta G Que, Hans C Ackerman
Introduction The genetic determinants of fractional exhalation of nitric oxide (FeNO), a marker of lung inflammation, are understudied in Black individuals. Alpha globin ( HBA ) restricts nitric oxide signalling in arterial endothelial cells via interactions with nitric oxide synthase; however, its role in regulating the release of NO from respiratory epithelium is less well understood. We hypothesised
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Predictive value of the National Early Warning Score 2 for hospitalised patients with viral respiratory illness is improved by the addition of inspired oxygen fraction as a weighted variable BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Jonathan Clarke, Jack Gallifant, David Grant, Nishita Desai, Guy Glover
Objectives The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) is validated for predicting acute deterioration, however, the binary grading of inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) may limit performance. We evaluated the incorporation of FiO2 as a weighted categorical variable on NEWS2 prediction of patient deterioration. Setting Two hospitals at a single medical centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
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Strong and graded associations between level of asthma severity and all-cause hospital care use and costs in the UK BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Anya Jacobs, Runguo Wu, Florian Tomini, Anna De Simoni, Borislava Mihaylova
Background Hospital admissions account for a large share of the healthcare costs incurred by people with asthma. We assessed the hospital care use and costs associated with asthma severity using the UK Biobank cohort and linked healthcare data. Methods Adult participants with asthma at recruitment were classified using their prescription data into mild and moderate-to-severe asthma and matched separately
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Lymphopenia and high Ki-67 expression in peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells associate with progressive sarcoidosis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Susanna Kullberg, Johan Grunewald, Anders Eklund
Background Early identification of patients at risk for progressive sarcoidosis may improve intervention. High bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) lymphocytes and peripheral blood (PB) lymphopenia are associated with worse prognosis. The mechanisms behind are not disentangled, and to date, it is not possible to predict disease course with certainty. Objectives Insight into the frequency of T regulatory
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Hyperoxia for sepsis and development of acute lung injury with increased mortality BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ryo Yamamoto, Seitaro Fujishima, Kazuma Yamakawa, Toshikazu Abe, Hiroshi Ogura, Daizoh Saitoh, Satoshi Gando, Junichi Sasaki
Background Supraphysiological oxygen administration causes unfavourable clinical outcomes in various diseases. This study aimed to determine whether hyperoxia would be associated with increased mortality in patients with severe infection. Methods A post-hoc analysis of a nationwide multicentre prospective observational study on sepsis (SPICE Study) was conducted, including adult patients admitted to
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Medication use of Canadians with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cohort study BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Michael K Stickland, Karen J B Martins, Heather Sharpe, Ngoc Khanh Vu, Mohit Bhutani, Brandie L Walker, Tyler Williamson, Solmaz Bohlouli, Lawrence Richer, Scott W Klarenbach
Objectives The objectives of this study were to describe medication use, treatment patterns and adherence, as well as acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) among adults living with COPD. Methods A retrospective observational study using administrative data (linked by unique person-level personal health numbers) between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2018 from Alberta, Canada
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Contribution of collagen XIII to lung function and development of pulmonary fibrosis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Oula Norman, Jarkko Koivunen, Riitta Kaarteenaho, Antti M Salo, Joni M Mäki, Johanna Myllyharju, Taina Pihlajaniemi, Anne Heikkinen
Background Collagen XIII is a transmembrane collagen associated with neuromuscular junction development, and in humans its deficiency results in congenital myasthenic syndrome type 19 (CMS19), which leads to breathing difficulties. CMS19 patients usually have restricted lung capacity and one patient developed chronic lung disease. In single-cell RNA sequencing studies, collagen XIII has been identified
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Interstitial lung disease following COVID-19 vaccination: a disproportionality analysis using the Global Scale Pharmacovigilance Database (VigiBase) BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Min-Taek Lee, Ju Won Lee, Hyeon Ji Lee, Jong-Min Lee, Jae Chol Choi, Kang-Mo Gu, Sun-Young Jung
Background and objective Despite several case reports, population-based studies on interstitial lung disease (ILD) following COVID-19 vaccination are lacking. Given the unprecedented safety issue of COVID-19 vaccination, it is important to assess the worldwide patterns of ILD following COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to investigate the signals of COVID-19 vaccine-associated ILD compared with
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Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in patients with idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Yuzo Suzuki, Masato Kono, Hirotsugu Hasegawa, Dai Hashimoto, Koshi Yokomura, Shiro Imokawa, Yusuke Inoue, Hironao Hozumi, Masato Karayama, Kazuki Furuhashi, Noriyuki Enomoto, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Naoki Inui, Takafumi Suda
Background Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (iPPFE), a progressive fibrotic disease, is characterised by upper lobe–dominant lung fibrosis involving the pleura and subpleural lung parenchyma. However, no prognostic markers have been established for this condition. Associations between blood leucocyte levels and mortality have been reported in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;
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Single-cell RNA-sequencing uncovers the dynamic changes of tumour immune microenvironment in advanced lung adenocarcinoma BMJ Open Respir. Res. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Haijiao Lu, Jialin Qian, Lei Cheng, Yinchen Shen, Tianqing Chu, Chaoxian Zhao
Background The heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) plays a vital role in determining the development of cancer and therapeutic sensitivity and significantly hinders the clinical treatment of LUAD. Objective To elucidate the cellular composition and reveal previously uncharacterised tumour microenvironment in LUAD using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). Methods Two scRNA-seq datasets with