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Study on immune persistence of CTN-1V strain rabies vaccine for human J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Lidong Wang, Jia Li, Qiuyue Mu, Lei Zhu, Yunpeng Wang, Ying Sheng, Danhua Zhao, Guoling Yang, Xiaoqing Yu, Xiaohong Wu, Li Miao
This study is a single-arm, single-center phase IV clinical trial on a rabies vaccine that has been marketed in China. Vero cells and CTN-1V strain are used in the rabies vaccine product. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety, immunogenicity and immune persistence of this product. 149 participants were enrolled in the study, all of whom were included in the safety analysis set (SS)
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Advancing HIV cure research in low- and middle-income countries requires empowerment of the next generation of scientists J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Roger Tatoud, R Brad Jones, Krista Dong, Thumbi Ndung'u, Steven Deeks, Caroline T. Tiemessen, The 2023 Research-for-Cure Academy Fellows, Alejandro Czernikier, Aude Christelle Ka'e, Christopher Zaab-Yen Abana, Gabriela ZL. Cromhout, Hillary Tene, Jeanne Omony, Leonore Greybe, Mark Appeaning, Masauso Moses Phir, Mqondisi Tshabalala, Rachel Kyeyune Bakyayita, Romeo Djounda, Sherazaan D. Ismail, Teresia
and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Southern and Eastern Africa, bear the largest burden of the HIV globally, investigators working on the front lines in these regions are leading a limited number of research efforts, particularly related to HIV cure. Conducting HIV cure research in HIV high-burden LIMCs provides an unparalleled opportunity to formulate innovative research strategies
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Highlights of the HIV cure session, 19th European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Conference, 18-21 October 2023, Warsaw, Poland J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Christina K. Psomas, Sabine Kinloch-de Loës
Abstract not available
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The importance of triple panel testing for hepatitis B and the burden of isolated anti-hepatitis B core antibodies within a community sample J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Catherine Freeland, Vivek Sreepathi, Richard W. Hass, Jonathan M. Fenkel, Jessie Torgersen, Kenneth Rothstein, Chari Cohen, Robert G. Gish
Within the United States (US), 2.4 million individuals are living with chronic hepatitis B, but less than 20% are diagnosed. Isolated anti-hepatitis B core (iAHBc) antibodies indicate serology in an individual that is positive for anti-HBc antibodies, while negative for surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibodies (anti-HBs). A result of iAHBc could indicate a chronic occult bloodstream infection
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Understanding participant perspectives around HIV-1 cure-related studies involving antiretroviral analytical treatment interruptions in the United Kingdom J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Ming J. Lee, Piyumika Godakandaarachchi, Simon Collins, Mariusz Racz, Alice Sharp, Sarah Fidler, Julie Fox
Background To test efficacy, HIV cure-related trials often require a period of intensively monitored interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (analytical treatment interruption or ATI). As individuals who started ART during primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) are often recruited, we have asked people already enrolled into an observational PHI study about their willingness and concerns around participating
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Hepatitis B prevalence and associated factors in adults presenting for infection screening in northern Thailand J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Nicolas Salvadori, Ludovic Gauthier, Marine Guy, Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong, Woottichai Khamduang, Luc Decker, Jullapong Achalapong, Jean Yves Mary, Wasna Sirirungsi, Sakorn Pornprasert, Surachet Arunothong, Sumet Ongwandee, Gonzague Jourdain
Background and aims Hepatitis B is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In view of the World Health Organization 2030 targets, effective screening of chronic infection is crucial. We have assessed the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B surface antigen in adults presenting for screening. Methods Free-of-charge and anonymous services for simultaneous hepatitis B, hepatitis C
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The build-up of stock of stable integrated proviruses overtime explains the difficulty in reducing HIV-1 DNA levels when treatment is initiated at the chronic stage of the infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Gilbert Mchantaf, Antoine Cheret, Adeline Melard, Asma Essat, Elise Gardiennet, Rebecca Bauer, Caroline Charre, Vincent Meiffredy, Lionel Piroth, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel
Background Understanding factors affecting the size and the evolution of the HIV reservoir is essential for the development of curative strategies. This study aimed to assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiated during primary infection (PHI) vs chronic infection (CHI) on the levels and dynamics of integrated HIV-1 DNA, a biomarker of viral persistence. Methods Integrated and total
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Where do those data go? Reuse of screening results from clinical trials to estimate population prevalence of HBV infection in adults in Kilifi, Kenya J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Louise O. Downs, Cori Campbell, Michael Abouyannis, Mark Otiende, Melissa Kapulu, Christina W. Obiero, Mainga Hamaluba, Caroline Ngetsa, Monique I. Andersson, George Githinji, George Warimwe, Kathy Baisley, J. Anthony G. Scott, Philippa C. Matthews, Anthony Etyang
Chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) is a significant problem worldwide with around 300 million people infected. Ambitious goals have been set towards its elimination as a public health threat by 2030. However, accurate seroprevalence estimates in many countries are lacking or fail to provide representative population estimates, particularly in the WHO African Region (AFRO). This means the full extent
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Patient acceptability of, and attitudes towards, hepatitis B cure research – A scoping review and identification of knowledge gaps J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Neaka Mohtashemi, Karine Dubé, Chloe Thio, Sihyeong Song, Shail Patel, Jeremy Sugarman, Debika Bhattacharya
Functional cure, defined as durable loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA suppression off therapy, is an increasingly important goal in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Although novel treatments aimed at achieving functional cure are being developed and tested in clinical trials, it is important to assess the perspectives of people living with HBV towards
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Antiviral activity of nitazoxanide against Morbillivirus infections J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Debora Stelitano, Simone La Frazia, Annalisa Ambrosino, Carla Zannella, Daniel Tay, Valentina Iovane, Serena Montagnaro, Anna De Filippis, Maria Gabriella Santoro, Matteo Porotto, Massimiliano Galdiero
The measles virus (MeV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) belong to the genus Morbillivirus of the Paramyxoviridae family. They are enveloped viruses harboring a non-segmented negative-sense RNA. Morbilliviruses are extremely contagious and transmitted through infectious aerosol droplets. Both MeV and CDV may cause respiratory infections and fatal encephalitis, although a high incidence of brain infections
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Population measles seroprevalence: Heterogeneity by birth-year cohort J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Eduardo Santacruz-Sanmartin, Doracelly Hincapié-Palacio, Jesús Ochoa, Seti Buitrago, Marta Ospina
Objective This work sought to estimate population measles seroprevalence and heterogeneity in the antibody concentration distribution that could be explained by the birth-year cohort according to the opportunity of viral and vaccine exposure, applied to data from Medellín, Colombia. Methods Prevalence of IgG antibodies was analyzed for measles based on a population study with a random sample of 2098
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The central nervous system is a potential reservoir and possible origin of drug resistance in hepatitis B infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Lijun Xu, Minghan Zhou, Xiuming Peng, Yufan Xu, Fan Huang, Linyun Wang, Xiaorong Peng, Zongxing Yang, Ran Tao, Guanjing Lang, Qing Cao, Minwei Li, Ying Huang, Biao Zhu, Yan Xu
Background The significance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is unclear. Methods Synchronous serum and CSF samples were collected from 13 patients. HBV DNA, full-length genome, quasispecies, phylogenetic tree, compartmentalization and mutation of the reverse transcriptase (RT) region were performed based on PCR and sequencing methods. Results HBV DNA was detected in the CSF of
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Information and communication are key for hepatitis B elimination in Francophone Africa: Insights from a survey among healthcare providers J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Gilles Wandeler, Adria Ramirez Mena, Charles Kouanfack, Louise Fortes, Albert Gautier Ndione, Nabil Debzi, Karine Lacombe, Christine Katlama, Didier K. Ekouevi
Abstract not available
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Immunomodulation with IL-7 and IL-15 in HIV-1 infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Jesper D. Gunst, Nilu Goonetilleke, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Ole S. Søgaard
Immunomodulating agents are substances that modify the host immune responses in diseases such as infections, autoimmune conditions and cancers. Immunomodulators can be divided into two main groups: 1) immunostimulators that activate the immune system such as cytokines, toll-like receptor agonists and immune checkpoint blockers; and 2) immunosuppressors that dampen an overactive immune system such as
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The HIV-2 OGH double reporter virus shows that HIV-2 is less cytotoxic and less sensitive to reactivation from latency than HIV-1 in cell culture J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Anne Bruggemans, Gerlinde Vansant, Paulien Van de Velde, Zeger Debyser
A better understanding of HIV-1 latency is a research priority in HIV cure research. Conversely, little is known about the latency characteristics of HIV-2, the closely related human lentivirus. Though both viruses cause AIDS, HIV-2 infection progresses more slowly with significantly lower viral loads, even when corrected for CD4+ T cell counts. Hence a direct comparison of latency characteristics
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Effect of high dose vitamin D3 on the HIV-1 reservoir: A pilot randomised controlled trial J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Matthew C. Pitman, Niamh Meagher, David J. Price, Ajantha Rhodes, J. Judy Chang, Barbara Scher, Brent Allan, Alan Street, James H. McMahon, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Paul U. Cameron, Jennifer F. Hoy, Stephen J. Kent, Sharon R. Lewin
Introduction Antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV-1 must be taken lifelong due to the persistence of latent virus in long-lived and proliferating CD4+ T cells. Vitamin D3 is a steroidal gene transcription regulator which exerts diverse effects on immune and epithelial cells including reductions in CD4+ T cell proliferation and improvement in gut barrier integrity. We hypothesised that
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Design and analysis considerations for early phase clinical trials in hepatitis B (HBV) cure research: the ACTG A5394 study in persons with both HIV and HBV J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Minhee Kang, Jennifer C. Price, Marion G. Peters, Sharon R. Lewin, Mark Sulkowski
With growing interest and efforts to achieve a hepatitis B (HBV) cure, HBV therapeutics have increasingly entered the clinical testing phase. In designing an early phase clinical trial aimed at HBV cure, the heterogeneity in participants and the choice of a biomarker endpoint that signals a cure requires careful consideration. We describe the key elements to consider during the development of HBV clinical
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The efficacy and tolerability of latency-reversing agents in reactivating the HIV-1 reservoir in clinical studies: a systematic review J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Quinten Debrabander, Kathryn S. Hensley, Christina K. Psomas, Wichor Bramer, Tokameh Mahmoudi, Berend J. van Welzen, Annelies Verbon, Casper Rokx
Introduction Understanding the clinical potency of latency-reversing agents (LRAs) on the HIV-1 reservoir is useful to deploy future strategies. This systematic review evaluated the effects of LRAs in human intervention studies. Methods A literature search was performed using medical databases focusing on studies with adults living with HIV-1 receiving LRAs. Eligibility criteria required participants
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Sulforaphane prevents the reactivation of HIV-1 by suppressing NFκB signaling J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-12 Imran Jamal, Anisha Paudel, Landon Thompson, Michel Abdelmalek, Irfan A. Khan, Vir B. Singh
Despite more than 20 years of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), complete eradication of HIV remains a daunting task. While cART has been very effective in limiting new cycles of infection and keeping viral load below detectable levels with partial restoration of immune functions, it cannot provide a cure. Evidently, the interruption of cART leads to a quick rebound of the viral load within
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Corrigendum to “HIV remission trial investigators’ attitudes towards risk and risk mitigation in trials that include treatment interruption” [J Virus Erad 9 (2) (June 2023) 100331] J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-30 Eunice Akinyi Okumu, Gail E. Henderson, Carol Golin, Kriste Kuczynski, Nuchanart Q. Ormsby, Holly L. Peay
Abstract not available
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CHIME - A tailored HCV microelimination project in Viennese people who inject drugs at drug centralized substitution centers J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Caroline Schwarz, Raphael Schubert, Michael Schwarz, Angelika Schütz, Anika Jenke, David Bauer, Benjamin Steinwender, Enisa Gutic, Thomas Reiberger, Hans Haltmayer, Michael Gschwantler
Background Hepatitis C remains highly prevalent among people who inject drugs (PWIDs). We propose an integrated approach for screening/diagnostic testing and treatment in 6,665 Viennese PWIDs registered to access opioid agonist therapy (OAT). Methods OAT prescriptions were required monthly at one of nine approved authorities, making them ideal platforms for hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening. All PWIDs
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To prescreen or not to prescreen for broadly neutralizing antibody sensitivity in HIV cure-related trials J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-18 Hursch Patel, Karine Dubé
The use of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) as a cure-related research strategy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has gained attention from the scientific community. bNAbs are specialized antibodies that target HIV-1 by binding to proteins on the surface of the virus, preventing the infection of human cells. In HIV-1 clinical studies assessing the use of bNAbs, it has been common practice
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Adaptation of the intact proviral DNA assay to a nanowell-based digital PCR platform J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Carolin Tumpach, Catherine R. Cochrane, Youry Kim, Jesslyn Ong, Ajantha Rhodes, Thomas A. Angelovich, Melissa J. Churchill, Sharon R. Lewin, Sushama Telwatte, Michael Roche
Quantification of intact proviruses is a critical measurement in HIV cure studies both in vitro and in vivo. The widely adopted ‘intact proviral DNA assay’ (IPDA), designed to discriminate and quantify genetically intact HIV proviruses based on detection of two HIV sequence-specific targets, was originally validated using Bio-Rad's droplet digital PCR technology (ddPCR). Despite its advantages, ddPCR
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Highlights of the first edition of the European Conference on Microbiota & Virology: A hybrid event, Paris, 23 March 2023 J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 Christina K. Psomas, Sergio Serrano-Villar, Benoit Guery, Philippe Halfon, Giulia Marchetti
Abstract not available
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Rate of occult hepatitis B virus infection among individuals with tuberculosis in northeastern Iran: A molecular epidemiological study J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-19 Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht, Saman Soleimanpour, Mohammad Reza Hedayati-Moghaddam, Moein Farshchian, Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee, Arman Mosavat
One third of the world population has a history of exposure to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and two billion people are infected with latent tuberculosis (TB). Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of replicative-competent HBV DNA in the liver with detectable or undetectable HBV DNA in the serum of individuals testing negative for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Screening with
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HIV remission trial investigators’ attitudes towards risk and risk mitigation in trials that include treatment interruption J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-17 Eunice Akinyi Okumu, Gail E. Henderson, Carol Golin, Kriste Kuczynski, Nuchanart Q. Ormsby, Holly L. Peay
Early-phase HIV remission (“cure”) trials aim to test interventions developed to eradicate HIV or to sustainably control HIV without antiretroviral treatment (ART). Many remission trials include analytic treatment interruption (ATI) to evaluate interventions, which increases the risk to participants and their sexual partners. We conducted an online questionnaire of international HIV remission trial
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Antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles against the influenza A virus J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-10 Krystyna Naumenko, Svitlana Zahorodnia, Calin V. Pop, Nodari Rizun
Viral infections occupy an essential place in modern medicine, particularly a large group of diseases caused by the influenza viruses. They are rapidly transmitted and mutate quickly, which can lead to significant socio-economic consequences. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered to be an effective antimicrobial agent. This study shows that they have strong antiviral properties against the influenza
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Perceived risks and benefits of enrolling people with HIV at the end of life in cure research in Southern California, United States J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 Karine Dubé, Brittany Shelton, Hursch Patel, Samuel O. Ndukwe, Susanna Concha-Garcia, Cheryl Dullano, Stephanie Solso, Steven Hendrickx, Andy Kaytes, Jeff Taylor, Thomas J. Villa, Susan J. Little, Patricia K. Riggs, David Lessard, Anish K. Arora, Cecilia T. Costiniuk, Shadi Eskaf, Davey M. Smith, Sara Gianella
Introduction Although current antiretroviral therapy allows most people with HIV (PWH) to experience normal longevity with a good quality of life, an HIV cure remains elusive due to HIV reservoir formation within deep tissues. An HIV cure remains highly desirable to the community of PWH. This study reports on the perceived risks and benefits of participation in the Last Gift study, a study aimed at
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Antigen specificities of HIV-infected cells: A role in infection and persistence? J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Clayton Faua, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Pierre Gantner
Antigen-experienced memory CD4+ T cells are the major target of HIV infection and support both productive and latent infections, thus playing a key role in HIV dissemination and persistence, respectively. Here, we reviewed studies that have shown direct association between HIV infection and antigen specificity. During untreated infection, some HIV-specific cells host productive infection, while other
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Coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 helicase inhibitors: a systematic review of in vitro studies J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-26 Nimer Mehyar
Introduction The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has significantly increased the need to find inhibitors that target the essential enzymes for viral replication in host cells. This systematic review was conducted to identify potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 helicases that have been tested by in vitro methods. Their inhibitory mechanisms are discussed in this review, in addition
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Highlights from the 30th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunist Infections (CROI) J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 K.C. Psomas, T. Barber, S. Kogilwaimath, L.J. Waters
Abstract not available
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Heat shock protein: a double-edged sword linking innate immunity and hepatitis B virus infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Wen-ying Dai, Guo-qing Yao, Xi-chuan Deng, Guang-chao Zang, Jia Liu, Guang-yuan Zhang, Yu-meng Chen, Ming-qi Lv, Ting-ting Chen
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), which have a variety of functions, are one of the stress protein families. In recent years, They have been reported to play a dual role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) which as persistent infection which is associated with, cirrhosis and liver cancer. In this article, we have summarized the regulatory mechanisms between HSPs and viruses, especially HBV and associated diseases
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The poliovirus re-emergence: did concentrated efforts against COVID-19 open the door? J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-10 Nour Shaheen, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Abdelraouf Ramadan, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
Abstract not available
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Influencing factors and adverse outcomes of virologic rebound states in anti-retroviral-treated individuals with HIV infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-04 Defu Yuan, Mingma Li, Ying Zhou, Lingen Shi, Jing Lu, Gengfeng Fu, Bei Wang
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) aims to inhibit HIV replication, decrease CD4 T cell loss, and immune function recovery in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the infection. Treatment should also, improve quality of life and control HIV spread. However, incomplete viral suppression still occurs during ART. Viral suppression and virological failure (VF) thresholds vary between studies
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Combining treatment for chronic hepatitis C with opioid agonist therapy is an effective microelimination strategy for people who inject drugs with high risk of non-adherence to direct-acting antiviral therapy J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-02 M. Schwarz, C. Schwarz, A. Schütz, C. Schwanke, E. Krabb, R. Schubert, S.-T. Liebich, D. Bauer, L. Burghart, L. Brinkmann, E. Gutic, T. Reiberger, H. Haltmayer, M. Gschwantler
Background & aims Despite effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence is high among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) and non-adherence to therapy remains a major obstacle towards HCV elimination in this subpopulation. To overcome this issue, we have combined ongoing opioid agonist therapy (OAT) with DAAs in a directly-observed therapy (DOT) setting. Method From September
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Reversibility of some oxidative stress markers in chronic hepatitis C patients after receiving direct-acting antiviral agents J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-26 Pin-Nan Cheng, Hung-Yu Sun, I-Che Feng, Sin-Tian Wang, Yen-Cheng Chiu, Hung-Chih Chiu, Shih-Chieh Chien, Kung-Chia Young
Introduction Hepatitis C (HCV) is associated with extra-hepatic involvment, morbidity as well as metabolic changes. Whether these might be reversible if sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved by direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy remains unknown. Methods Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) individuals receiving DAA treatment with SVR were compared to those who underwent spontaneous clearance (SC)
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Barriers that prevent adults living with HBV infection from participating in clinical research: experience from South Africa J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Nombuyiselo Mofokeng, Tongai G. Maponga, Marije van Schalkwyk, Susan Hugo, Molefi Daniel Morobadi, Sabeehah Vawda, Leane Badenhorst, Cloete van Vuuren, Christo van Rensburg, Wolfgang Preiser, Jantjie Taljaard, Su Wang, Veronica Miller, Dan Wu, Joseph D. Tucker, Janet Seeley, Dominique Goedhals, Philippa C. Matthews
High profile international goals have been set for the elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a public health threat by the year 2030. Developing and expanding equitable, accessible translational HBV research programmes that represent real-world populations are therefore an urgent priority for clinical and academic communities. We present experiences and insights by an expert interdisciplinary
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Adeno-associated virus-vectored delivery of HIV biologics: the promise of a “single-shot” functional cure for HIV infection J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-17 Patricia A. Hahn, Mauricio A. Martins
The ability of immunoglobulin-based HIV biologics (Ig-HIV), including broadly neutralizing antibodies, to suppress viral replication in pre-clinical and clinical studies illustrates how these molecules can serve as alternatives or adjuncts to antiretroviral therapy for treating HIV infection. However, the current paradigm for delivering Ig-HIVs requires repeated passive infusions, which faces both
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Highlights from the Tenth International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, December 13-16, 2022, Miami, Florida-USA J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-27 N. Archin, K.J. Bar, T. Burdo, M. Caskey, A. Chahroudi, M. Farzan, Y.-C. Ho, R.B. Jones, Mary Kearney, D. Kuritzkes, D. Margolis, J. Martinez-Picado, A. Okoye, M. Salgado, Mario Stevenson
The International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy provides a forum in which HIV/AIDS researchers gather to share the latest research findings related to viral reservoirs and cure. The Tenth Workshop, which was attended by over 400 delegates, extended over 4 days and comprised eight sessions covering topics from the basic science of viral persistence to therapeutic approaches to HIV cure
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Incentivized self-vaccination for global measles eradication J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-15 Benjamin L. Sievers, Robert E. Sievers, Eric L. Sievers
Measles–we've become inured to its cruel, insidious impact as it kills over 100,000 children yearly because of suboptimal vaccination coverage. It doesn't have to be this way. A familiar, safe, exceptionally effective measles vaccine saves lives and permanent, global measles eradication is within reach. But now we need to be clever and courageously explore new strategies to save lives. First, let's
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Evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein titers after two-dose of COVID-19 vaccination among people living with HIV. J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Wang-Da Liu,Man Wai Pang,Jann-Tay Wang,Hsin-Yun Sun,Yu-Shan Huang,Kuan-Yin Lin,Un-In Wu,Guei-Chi Li,Wen-Chun Liu,Yi-Ching Su,Pu-Chi He,Chia-Yi Lin,Chih-Yu Yeh,Yu-Chen Cheng,Yi Yao,Yi-Ting Chen,Pei-Ying Wu,Ling-Ya Chen,Yu-Zhen Luo,Hsi-Yen Chang,Wang-Huei Sheng,Szu-Min Hsieh,Sui-Yuan Chang,Chien-Ching Hung,Shan-Chwen Chang
Background A community COVID-19 outbreak caused by the B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant occurred in Taiwan in May 2021. High-risk populations such as people living with HIV (PLWH) were recommended to receive two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. While SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have demonstrated promising results in general population, real-world information on the serological responses remains limited among PLWH. Methods
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Intact provirus and integration sites analysis in acute HIV-1 infection and changes after one year of early antiviral therapy J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-10 Gabriella Rozera, Giuseppe Sberna, Giulia Berno, Cesare Ernesto Maria Gruber, Emanuela Giombini, Pietro Giorgio Spezia, Nicoletta Orchi, Vincenzo Puro, Annalisa Mondi, Enrico Girardi, Francesco Vaia, Andrea Antinori, Fabrizio Maggi, Isabella Abbate
Background and objectives HIV provirus integration in host genomes provides a lifelong reservoir of virally infected cells. Although not able to generate viral progeny, the expression of defective proviruses has been associated with activation. Provirus integration may influence host gene transcription and shifts may occur during disease progression or antiviral therapy. The study aimed to analyze
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Host-directed therapy with 2-Deoxy-D-glucose inhibits human rhinoviruses, endemic coronaviruses, and SARS-CoV-2 J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Laxmikant Wali, Michael Karbiener, Scharon Chou, Vitalii Kovtunyk, Adam Adonyi, Irene Gösler, Ximena Contreras, Delyana Stoeva, Dieter Blaas, Johannes Stöckl, Thomas R. Kreil, Guido A. Gualdoni, Anna-Dorothea Gorki
Rhinoviruses (RVs) and coronaviruses (CoVs) upregulate host cell metabolic pathways such as glycolysis to meet their bioenergetic demands for rapid multiplication. Using the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), we assessed the dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication of minor- and major-receptor group RVs in epithelial cells. 2-DG disrupted RV infection cycle by inhibiting template
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Impact of hepatitis B vaccination programs in Vietnam evaluated by estimating HBsAg prevalence J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-10 Kenichi Komada, Yasunori Ichimura, Mami Shimada, Masafumi Funato, Hung Thai Do, Huy Xuan LE, Thanh Tien Hoang, Trieu Bao Nguyen, Mai Kim Huynh, Hang Thi Hai Hoang, Nhu Anh Thi Tran, Thieu Hoang LE, Quyet Thi Ngo, Shinsuke Miyano, Masaya Sugiyama, Tetsuya Mizoue, Masahiko Hachiya
Background Vietnam introduced a 3-dose hepatitis B (HBV) immunization program comprising 1 dose immediately after birth and 2 or 3 in infancy in the past 20 years, but the impact of the vaccine has not been systematically evaluated. Thus, we conducted this survey aiming to estimate the age-specific chronic HBV prevalence in the general population and to evaluate HBV immunization effectiveness. Methods
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Identification of a pharmacological approach to reduce ACE2 expression and development of an in vitro COVID-19 viral entry model J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-09 Yukinori Endo, Brady T. Hickerson, Natalia A. Ilyushina, Nishant Mohan, Hanjing Peng, Kazuyo Takeda, Raymond P. Donnelly, Wen Jin Wu
Because of rapid emergence and circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially Omicron which shows increased transmissibility and resistant to antibodies, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic drugs to treat COVID-19. In this study we developed an in vitro cellular model to explore the regulation of ACE2 expression and its correlation with ACE2-mediated viral entry. We examined ACE2
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Substantial uneven proliferation of CD4+ T cells during recovery from acute HIV infection is sufficient to explain the observed expanded clones in the HIV reservoir J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-30 Florencia A. Tettamanti Boshier, Daniel B. Reeves, Elizabeth R. Duke, David A. Swan, Martin Prlic, E. Fabian Cardozo-Ojeda, Joshua T. Schiffer
The HIV reservoir is a population of 1–10 million anatomically dispersed, latently infected memory CD4+ T cells in which HIV DNA is quiescently integrated into human chromosomal DNA. When antiretroviral therapy (ART) is stopped and HIV replication initiates in one of these cells, systemic viral spread resumes, rekindling progression to AIDS. Therefore, HIV latency prevents cure. The detection of many
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Comparative sensitivity of automated (Abbott M2000) and manual plasma HIV-1 RNA PCR assays for the detection of persistent viremia after long-term antiretroviral therapy J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Melissa A. Tosiano, Hanna Mar, Dianna Hoeth, Joseph J. Eron, Rajesh T. Gandhi, Deborah K. McMahon, Ronald J. Bosch, John W. Mellors, Joshua C. Cyktor
Background The ability of automated, FDA-cleared plasma HIV-1 RNA assays to detect low-level viremia, compared to manual, highly sensitive research-only methods, is not well-defined. We therefore tested paired plasma samples from people with HIV-1 (PWH) on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) with both the Abbott M2000 RealTime HIV-1 Viral Load assay (Abbott) and a quantitative reverse transcriptase
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Highlights of HIV Cure in IAS, Montréal J. Virus Erad. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-27 Christina K. Psomas
Abstract not available