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Tick-Borne Encephalitis in the Russian Caucasus: Virus Was Detected for the First Time on the Border of Europe and Asia Minor. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Maria V Orlova,Vladimir A Mischenko,Igor V Doronin,Marina V Zabashta,Nikolay V Anisimov,Ivan V Vyalykh
The tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus has been confirmed by molecular analysis in the Caucasus region for the first time. The virus obtained from a tick Ixodes ricinus ex Caspian green lizard belongs to the Zausaev strain of the Siberian subtype (not to a strain of the European subtype highly distributed in the territories adjacent to the Caucasus). This unusual record indicates the need to study
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Association Between Wolbachia Infection and Susceptibility to Deltamethrin Insecticide in Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae), the Main Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Amrollah Azarm,Mona Koosha,Abdolhossein Dalimi,Alireza Zahraie-Ramazani,Amir Ahmad Akhavan,Zahra Saeidi,Mehdi Mohebali,Kamal Azam,Hassan Vatandoost,Mohammad Ali Oshaghi
Background: Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) is the main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Wolbachia is a symbiotic alphaproteobacteria of arthropods that can be involved in susceptibility or resistance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Wolbachia and Deltamethrin susceptibility/resistance in Ph. papatasi. Deltamethrin filter papers (0.00002%) were used to
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Prevalence of Zoonotic Intestinal Parasites in Meat Goats in Southern Thailand. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Domechai Kaewnoi,Siriluk Kaewmanee,Ratchakul Wiriyaprom,Sakaoporn Prachantasena,Opal Pitaksakulrat,Ruttayaporn Ngasaman
Introduction: Intestinal parasites not only lead to poor goat health and productivity but can also affect human health. We investigated the distribution of zoonotic intestinal parasites among goats in southern Thailand to assess the human health risks. Materials and Methods: Overall, 561 fecal samples were collected randomly from goats in farms (55) in Songkhla, Satun, Pattalung, Pattani, Yala, and
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Presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Food-Producing and Companion Animals and Wildlife on Small-Holder Farms of Floreana Island, Galápagos Islands. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Sarah Rhea,Catherine Gensler,Nigatu Atlaw,Monique Pairis-Garcia,Gregory A Lewbart,Alyssa Valentine,Marilyn Cruz,Paulina Castillo,Alberto Vélez,Gabriel Trueba,Megan E Jacob
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AR) has led to increasing human and animal morbidity and mortality and negative consequences for the environment. AR among Escherichia coli (EC) is on the rise, with serious concerns about extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-EC). In the Galápagos Islands, where antimicrobials are available without a prescription, growing demands for food production
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Prevalence of Foodborne Trematodes in Small Indigenous Fish Species in Local Markets of Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Domenico Caruso,Lin Kong,Samnang Keo,Sreyni Yoeurn,Samphal Seng
Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and mean infection intensity of zoonotic foodborne trematodes (FBT) in small indigenous species (SIS) fish hosts. Materials and Methods: A total of 8630 specimens of unknown origin were collected from the markets in Phnom Penh City. Fish were identified, weighed, and separated into 20 g subsamples for each fish species, and were examined using
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Comparative Analysis of Humoral Immune Response and Cognate Antigen Detection in Experimentally Infected Sprague Dawley Rats with Brucella abortus Biotype 1. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Minara Khatun,Ariful Islam,Byeong Kirl Baek
Background: This study investigated the IgG-specific humoral immune responses against specific antigen-like whole-cell antigen (WCA), outer membrane protein (OMP), periplasmic protein (PP), and cytoplasmic protein (CP) during the acute and subacute stages of Brucella abortus biotype 1 infection in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Materials and Methods: The intraperitoneal method was used to experimentally
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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Women of Reproductive Age and Associated Risk Factors in Chiapas, Mexico. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Carlos Alberto Chacón-Zenteno,Gabriel Antonio Megchun-López,Manuel López-Esteva,Antonio Sifuentes-Álvarez,Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel
Background: We analyzed the seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women of reproductive age in Chiapas, Mexico. Materials and Methods: One hundred seven women (mean age 25.3 years; range: 13-42 years) were enrolled in a public hospital. The presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to T. gondii in serum samples of participants was determined by an enzyme immunoassay. Bivariate and
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Do Aedes triseriatus Respect State Boundaries?: A Paucity of La Crosse Virus in the South Carolina Appalachian Mountains. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Lídia Gual-Gonzalez,Kyndall Dye-Braumuller,Aiden Warner,Tyler Bunting,Dillon Bryant,Roxanne Connelly,Kristy Burkhalter,Melissa S Nolan
Background: La Crosse virus is an important endemic public health concern in the North Carolina Appalachian Mountains; however, human incidence is not commonly noted in this region on the South Carolina side of the mountain range border. No relevant studies have been performed in South Carolina evaluating mosquito vector populations for La Crosse virus (LACV) infection; thus, a pilot mosquito surveillance
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Evolutionary History and Genetic Variation of Zika Virus: Connection Between Thailand Zika Viruses and Global Outbreaks Strains. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 Amina Nawal Bahoussi,Pir Tariq Shah,Yue Liu,Yan-Yan Guo,Hongli Bu,Changxin Wu,Li Xing
Objectives: Zika virus (ZIKV) has significant potential to cause future outbreaks due to insufficient countermeasures. The evolution of ZIKV in Southeast Asian countries remains poorly understood. Methods: The phylogenetic, phylogeographic network, and recombination analyses of 366 ZIKV complete genome sequences identified between 1947 and 2021 were performed and the amino acid variation landscape
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Circulation of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Wild and Domestic Waterfowl in Ukraine. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Ruslana Eckenko,Olha Maiboroda,Nataliia Muzyka,Borys Stegniy,Oleksandr Mezinov,Oleksandr Rula,Denys Muzyka
Background: Antibiotic resistance is becoming an increasingly urgent problem for human and animal health due to the widespread use of antibiotics in medicine, veterinary medicine, and agriculture. At the same time, the natural reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant pathogens remain unclear. Wild birds may play a role in this due to their biology. Escherichia coli is a representative indicator pathogen
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Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review of Current Therapeutic and Preventative Strategies. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Christian Ruiz,Geneen Gibson,Scott Rojas,Kimberly Friend
Background: Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a rare mosquito-borne illness exhibiting rapid neurological deterioration and permanent damage. Despite its >30% mortality and >60% long-term neurological damage, EEEV has no approved antiviral medication or vaccination. This report uniquely aims to describe a rare case of EEEV and provide a current literature review of therapeutic and preventative
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Prevalence of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus Fluoroquinolones Resistant Isolates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Masoumeh Beig,Safoura Moradkasani,Forough Goodarzi,Mohammad Sholeh
Background: Brucellosis impact both animals and humans worldwide. However, using antibiotics for brucellosis remains controversial despite decades of research. Relapse can complicate treatment in this area. Since the mid-1980s, microbiologists, and physicians have studied fluoroquinolones' use for treating human brucellosis. The principal advantages of fluoroquinolones are their intracellular antimicrobial
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Ticks, Tick-Borne Diseases, and Ethnomedicine Among an at-Risk Population in Kerala. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Sahina Sidhik,Sithalakshmi Santhosh,Balasubramanian Rathinam
Tick and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are increasing annually, and the study of ticks has gained importance after the outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) in the South Western Ghats of India. Wayanad district of Kerala, with the highest tribal population in South India, is a KFD endemic state, owing to the lack of knowledge, attitude, and practice studies on TBDs and ethnomedicines against ticks
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Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Healthy Pet Rabbits. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Tamara Pasqualina Russo,Luca Borrelli,Adriano Minichino,Alessandro Fioretti,Ludovico Dipineto
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous microorganism and an opportunistic pathogen responsible for numerous diseases in humans and animals, characterized by different clinical pictures with acute or subacute course. S. aureus, due to its great adaptability and versatility in terms of infections and hosts, can be considered a relevant pathogen because of the harmful effects on animal health
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Improved Mosquito Housing and Saliva Collection Method Enhances Safety While Facilitating Longitudinal Assessment of Individual Mosquito Vector Competence for Arboviruses. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Jeremy P Ledermann,Paul L Burns,Lara C Perinet,Ann M Powers,Nathaniel M Byers
Background: Assessing the potential for mosquitoes to transmit medically important arboviruses is essential for understanding their threat to human populations. Currently, vector competence studies are typically performed by collecting saliva using a glass capillary tube system which involves sacrificing the mosquito at the time of saliva collection allowing only a single data point. These techniques
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New Prognostic Parameter of West Nile Virus: Platelet Distribution Width. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Ahmed Cihad Genc,Oğuz Karabay,Ertuğrul Güçlü,Aylin Çalıca Utku,Aslı Vatan,Nazan Tuna,Gökçen Budak,Adem Şimşek,Cem Uzun,Sevgi Alan,Hüseyin Doğuş Okan,Fevziye Turkoglu Genc,Aziz Öğütlü
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) infection is a viral disease caused by arboviruses. It can cause epidemics of febrile diseases and meningoencephalitis, especially at the end of the summer season. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors of WNV encephalitis with a case-control study of the patients followed in our clinic. Materials and Methods: Among the patients who applied to our hospital
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Serologic and Molecular Prevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Among Poultry in the Republic of Korea. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Ji-Min Rim,Sun-Woo Han,Yoon-Kyoung Cho,Jun-Gu Kang,Kyoung-Seong Choi,Joon-Seok Chae
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, which belongs to the genus Bandavirus, family Phenuiviridae, and order Bunyavirales. It has been found in tick species, various animals, and humans. The aim of this study was to detect RNA of antigens and antibodies against SFTS virus (SFTSV) among poultry such as chickens, ducks
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Molecular Detection of Borrelia spp. in Ticks of Sheep and Goats by Nested PCR Method in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Ahmad Enferadi,Abdolghaffar Ownagh,Mousa Tavassoli
Background: Ticks are an important vector among arthropods associated with serious medical and veterinary problems. In this research, we investigate Borrelia species in ticks isolated from the surface of livestock (sheep and goat) in different regions of West Azerbaijan province. Materials and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using specific primers targeting Borrelia spp. genes
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Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Rabbits and Rabbit Meat from Slaughterhouses in Hebei Province of China. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Hongxin Zhang,Xueli Li,Chunyan Wang,Tengfei Shi,Yansheng Geng,Chenyan Zhao
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen. HEV has been found to be widely prevalent in rabbits. Its isolates are classified into HEV-3, rabbit subgenotype (HEV-3ra). The routes of human infection with HEV-3ra remain unclear; however, foodborne transmission is possible when asymptomatically infected animals enter the food chain. The prevalence of HEV infection in slaughtered rabbits
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Presence and Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Slaughtered Pigs. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Isabela Carvalho Dos Santos,Lidiane Nunes Barbosa,Paulo Henrique Sposito,Késsila Rodrigues da Silva,Eloiza Teles Caldart,Laís Mendes Batista Costa,Lisiane Almeida Martins,Daniela Dib Gonçalves
Background: The objective of this study was to isolate Staphylococcus spp. and to characterize the resistance profile in nasal samples from pigs slaughtered for consumption. Material and Methods: Intranasal swabs were collected from 100 pigs immediately after bleeding in a slaughterhouse located in the largest pork production region in Brazil, these samples were cultured and isolated to identify Staphylococcus
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First Report of Eratyrus cuspidatus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in Peridomestic Environment in Chiapas, Mexico. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Doireyner Daniel Velázquez-Ramírez,José A De Fuentes-Vicente,Mustapha Debboun,Adalberto A Pérez de León,César Irecta-Nájera,Lorenzo Cruz-Méndez,Eduardo E Espinoza-Medinilla,Héctor Ochoa-Díaz-López
Background: Triatomine bugs are natural vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis. The role of sylvatic triatomine species as vectors of T. cruzi in Mexico remains to be fully understood. Our research on the epidemiology of Chagas disease in Southeastern Mexico involved sampling triatomines in rural settings. Materials and Methods: A triatomine was collected
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Occurrence of Major Human Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Sequence Types Among Diarrheic Pet Animals: A Potential Public Health Threat. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Alaa A Shaker,Ahmed Samir,Hala M Zaher,Khaled A Abdel-Moein
Background: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) has become a mounting public health concern. The present study was conducted to address the role of diarrheic pet animals as potential reservoirs for major human ExPEC sequence types (STs). Materials and Methods: Rectal swabs were collected from 145 diarrheic pet animals (75 dogs and 70 cats). Samples were processed for isolation and identification
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Molecular and Serological Survey of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Horses from the Republic of Korea. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Sun-Woo Han,Yoon-Kyoung Cho,Ji-Min Rim,Jun-Gu Kang,Kyoung-Seong Choi,Joon-Seok Chae
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease in East Asia caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). It is to investigate the presence of SFTSV RNA and antibodies in horses from a slaughterhouse and equestrian centers in the Republic of Korea (ROK). A prevalence study of SFTSV-specific RNA and antibodies was designed from 889 horses in the ROK. Materials
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Infection of Feral Phenotype Swine with Japanese Encephalitis Virus. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 So Lee Park,Yan-Jang S Huang,Amy C Lyons,Victoria B Ayers,Susan M Hettenbach,D Scott McVey,Leela E Noronha,Kenneth R Burton,Stephen Higgs,Dana L Vanlandingham
Background: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus and the leading cause of pediatric encephalitis in the Asian Pacific region. The transmission cycle primarily involves Culex spp. mosquitoes and Ardeid birds, with domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) being the source of infectious viruses for the spillover of JEV from the natural endemic transmission cycle into the
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Behavioral Changes of Some Arboviral Vectors in Zika Forest: A Concern for Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases in Uganda. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Martin Lukindu,Louis G Mukwaya,Charles Masembe,Josephine Birungi
Background: The increasing reports on emerging/re-emerging arboviral disease outbreaks or epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa have been impacted by factors, including the changing climate plus human activities that have resulted in land cover changes. These factors influence the prevalence, incidence, behavior, and distribution of vectors and vector-borne diseases. In this study, we assessed the potential
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Seasonality of Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) Activity and Prevalence of Infection with Tick-Borne Disease Agents in North Central Oklahoma. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Kristin L McClung,Kellee D Sundstrom,Megan W Lineberry,Amber N Grant,Susan E Little
Background: Amblyomma americanum is the most common tick infesting both animals and humans in the southern United States and transmits a variety of zoonotic agents. The rise in tick-borne diseases (TBD) globally imparts a need for more active surveillance of tick populations to accurately quantify prevalence and risk of tick-borne infectious organisms. To better understand TBD risk in north central
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An Expert Panel Discussion Lyme Disease in Europe. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Catherine Brissette,Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska,Charles Nuttens,Per-Eric Lindgren,Frederick J Angulo
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Epidemiological and Molecular Study on Tick-Borne Pathogens in Argun Port Area Near the Chinese-Russian Border. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Qi Shi,Feng-Lin Song,Yu Yang,Yu-Feng Gao,Ying Ci,Xiao-Lan Cheng,Cong Nie,Li-Juan Liu,Xiao-Long Zhang,Jing Wang
Objective: We aim to investigate the species composition of ticks and the pathogen characteristics they carry in the Argun port area of the China-Russia border. Materials and Methods: Ticks were collected in surrounding grassland, mixed forest land, and other different habitats around the Argun port area at the Sino-Russian Border of Inner Mongolia in China in April 2019. The presence of 16 potential
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Replication of Dengue Virus 4 in Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae Under Laboratory Conditions. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 José M Zazueta-Moreno,José I Torres-Avendaño,Edith H Torres-Montoya,José J Ríos-Tostado,Rosalío Ramos-Payan,Jorge López-Gutiérrez,Hipólito Castillo-Ureta
Background: Developing methods for the isolation and replication of dengue virus (DENV), based on nonhematophagous insect models to assess virus-host interaction, would contribute, for instance, to the creation of drugs or vaccines and eventually to the control of the disease. In this regard, nonhematophagous mosquitoes have been used as biological hosts for the isolation of DENV because they are specific
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Zoonotic Pathogens Associated with Pet and Feeder Murid Rodent Species: A Global Systematic Review. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Ndivhuwo Shivambu,Tinyiko C Shivambu,Christian T Chimimba
Background: Pet and feeder rodents are one of the main sources of emerging infectious diseases. These rodents are purchased from pet shops, breeders, and online. Consequently, some of these rodents may subtly transmit diseases as they may be asymptomatic to certain pathogens. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched four academic databases viz. Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus
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The Prevalence of Rodents Orientia tsutsugamushi in China During Two Decades: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Yan-Chun Wang,Jing-Hao Li,Ya Qin,Si-Yuan Qin,Chao Chen,Xin-Bo Yang,Ning Ma,Ming-Xin Dong,Cong-Cong Lei,Xing Yang,He-Ting Sun,Zhi-Yong Sun,Jing Jiang
Background: Orientia tsutsugamushi is a zoonotic intracellular pathogen that requires parasitism in eukaryotic cells to reproduce. In recent years, tsutsugamushi disease reported in many places nationwide has crossed the Yangtze River, continuously, spreading to the North China. Now this phenomenon has aroused people's attention. Materials and Methods: In this study, meta-analysis was used to analyze
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An Investigation of the Relationship Between the Severity Scoring Index and Laboratory Parameters in Pediatric Patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: A 12-Year Retrospective Evaluation. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Bahadır Orkun Özbay
Background: There are limited studies on the severity of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in children. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between the severity scoring index (SSI) score and other laboratory parameters in children. Materials and Methods: Patients younger than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with CCHF in 2011-2022 were included in the study. The SSI score and laboratory
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Insecticide Resistance and Metabolic Mechanisms in Aedes aegypti from Two Agrosystems (Vegetable and Cotton Crops) in Côte d'Ivoire. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Yapo Marie-Ange Edwige Kadjo,Akré M Adja,Négnorogo Guindo-Coulibaly,Dounin Danielle Zoh,Dipomin François Traoré,Konan Fabrice Assouho,Malanfoua Agnimou Cecile Sadia-Kacou,Mintokapieu Didier Stéphane Kpan,Ahoua Yapi,Fabrice Chandre
Background: The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes vectors mosquitoes poses a real challenge for arboviral-borne disease control. In Côte d'Ivoire, data are available on phenotypic resistance and the presence of kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti. Therefore, information on metabolic resistance in Aedes populations is very scarce. Here, we assessed the insecticide resistance status of Ae. aegypti
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Genetic Characterization of the Dengue Virus Type 3 Genotype I Prevailing in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2021. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Afsana Jahan,Shyamal Kumar Paul,Syeda Anjuman Nasreen,Nazia Haque,Sangjukta Roy,Monira Sultana,Tasmia Hossain,Sultana Shabnam Nila,Fahim Uddin Ahmad,Salma Ahmed,Meiji Soe Aung,Nobumichi Kobayashi
Background: In Bangladesh, dengue has been prevalent since its resurgence in 2018, and the dominant causative virus in 2019 was considered dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3). However, limited information is available for DENV serotype/genotype circulating after 2020. Materials and Methods: Viral RNA was extracted from NS1 antigen-positive blood samples of febrile patients in Dhaka, in 2021. DENV gene
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Development of a Model for Preliminary Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Iryna Ben,Olena Zubach,Alexander Zinchuk
Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a vector-borne natural focal disease that is not officially registered in Ukraine. The first 13 cases of HGA in adults in Ukraine were identified in 2007. The purpose of our study was to develop a predictive model of HGA based on clinical and laboratory characteristics to develop a three-level standard case definition of HGA. Materials and Methods:
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Population Density of European Hare Predicts Risk of Tularemia Infection, Czech Republic, 2006-2022. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Jana Hušková,Jan Hušek
Background: Over 200 different animal species are susceptible to infection by tularemia, highly infectious disease caused by Francisella tularensis. Hares (Lepus sp.) and small rodents, such as common vole (Microtus arvalis), have been acknowledged as the most significant sources of human tularemia infection in most European countries. Our objective was to verify ability of these species in predicting
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Molecular Detection of Francisella tularensis Isolated from Ticks of Livestock in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Rebin Rafaat Mohammed,Ahmad Enferadi,Karzan R Sidiq,Saeedeh Sarani,Peyman Khademi,Amin Jaydari,Avin Kawa Ahmed
Background: Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes tularemia in both human and animals. Tularemia is a potential serious zoonotic disease that is transmitted by different routes, including tick bites. Materials and Methods: This study deals with investigating the prevalence of F. tularensis in the ticks of local animal farms in Kurdistan region since the farmers are normally
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Detection of Hemopathogens in Chelonoidis carbonaria: Microscopic, Molecular, Hematological, and Clinical Biochemistry Aspects. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Marcos Antonio Mendonça,Maísa Santos Fonseca,Gabriela Cruz Piedade,Gustavo Macedo Rodamilans,Franciane Santos Marques,Maria Consuelo Caribé Ayres,Lucio André Viana,Patrícia Oliveira Meira-Santos,Roberto Meyer,Ricardo Dias Portela
Background: The growing contact between men and wild animals, caused by the increase in the population in urban centers and the destruction of the habitat of these animals, has been leading to a greater circulation of pathogens between humans and wildlife. Chelonoidis carbonaria, a tortoise found throughout South America, is one of the animals most rescued from animal trafficking and illegal breeding
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Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Dogs from Indigenous Communities, Amazon, Brazil. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino,Arlei Marcili,Jonas Moraes-Filho,Julia T R Lima,Herbert S Soares,Antonio F Malheiros,Salatiel Ribeiro Dias,Solange M Gennari,Marcelo B Labruna
Background: There are few reports of tick-borne pathogens infecting dogs living in indigenous communities of Brazil. Herein, we aimed to molecularly detect vector-borne pathogens in dogs from two indigenous communities in the Brazilian Amazon. Materials and Methods: We surveyed 327 dogs raised in Amazon region at 2 distinct indigenous ethnicities for the molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens
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Network Analysis of Hosts and Vectors in the Multiple Transmissions of Flavivirus. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Fabiola Nieto-Rabiela,Fernando Esponda,Benjamin Roche,Gerardo Suzán
Background: It is well established that infection patterns in nature can be driven by host, vector, and symbiont communities. One of the first stages in understanding how these complex systems have influenced the incidence of vector-borne diseases is to recognize what are the major vertebrate (i.e., hosts) and invertebrate (i.e., vectors) host species that propagate those microbes. Such identification
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Epidemiology and Phylogeny of Anaplasma ovis with a Note on Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Asymptomatic Goats Enrolled from Four Districts in Punjab, Pakistan. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Asia Taqadus,Chien-Chun Chiou,Itzel Amaro-Estrada,Muhammad Asif,Nasreen Nasreen,Ghafoor Ahmad,Javaid Iqbal,Muhammad Ali,Adil Khan,Furhan Iqbal,Chien-Chin Chen
Background: Anaplasma ovis is an intra-erythrocytic gram negative rickettsial bacterium that infects small ruminants, resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. Materials and Methods: The present investigation aims at reporting the molecular prevalence of A. ovis in 1200 asymptomatic goats that were enrolled from 4 districts (Layyah, Lohdran, Dera Ghazi Khan, and Rajanpur) in Punjab, Pakistan by
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Detection of the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Genome in Questing Ixodes spp. and Haemaphysalis spp. in the Periurban Forestry Areas of Istanbul: Has a New Biorisk Emerged? Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Salar Zarrabi Ahrabi,Gurkan Akyildiz,Sirri Kar,Aysen Gargili Keles
Background: Istanbul is one of the world's most densely populated metropolitan cities, with various geographical areas that possess distinct characteristics. These areas have different climates, vegetation, and host populations that can support the survival of diverse tick species. Turkey is a region with a high risk of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) disease, making it crucial to screen for
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Citizen Science on Lyme Borreliosis in Spain Reveals Disease-Associated Risk Factors and Control Interventions. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-18 José de la Fuente,Agustín Estrada-Peña,Christian Gortázar,Rita Vaz-Rodrigues,Isabel Sánchez,Juan Carrión Tudela
Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex spirochetes is one of the tick-borne diseases with high prevalence and social/economic burden in the United States, Spain, and other European countries. The objective is to address limited information available about the incidence, prevalence, and symptoms of LB, current prevention, and treatment interventions that
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Detection of Bartonella DNA in Yellow Flies, Lone Star Ticks, and a Human Patient with Concurrent Evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection in Northeast Florida, USA. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Kerry L Clark,Julissa Villegas Nunez
Background: Bartonella species and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) are emerging zoonotic pathogens. The vectors and frequency of infections with both pathogen groups in the southern United States is understudied. This study describes an investigation of Bartonella and Bbsl in yellow flies collected at a residence in northeast Florida, USA, that led to subsequent discoveries of both organisms
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An Annotated Reprint of Yu. S. Balashov's 1972 Book Bloodsucking Ticks (Ixodoidea)-Vectors of Diseases of Man and Animals. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-03 Catherine A Brissette
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RFS Proudly Announces the 2022 Award Recipient for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Kate Varela
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The Density of Aedes albopictus in a High-Latitude and High-Risk Dengue Fever Transmission Region in Shandong Province, Northern China. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Xiaodan Huang,Luhong Liu,Shuo Liu,Peng Cheng,Maoqing Gong,Xuejun Wang,Hongmei Liu
Background: A total of 79 cases of dengue fever were reported in Jining County in 2017, which is currently the northernmost focal point of local cases of dengue fever diagnosed in China. This study aimed to evaluate the density of mosquito vectors before and after the outbreak of dengue fever and provide novel reference data for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods: The light traps were
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Molecular Detection of Dengue Virus, Zika Virus, and Chikungunya Virus Arboviruses in Neotropical Bats. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Itandehui Hernández-Aguilar,Consuelo Lorenzo,Luis Román Ramírez-Palacios,Antonio Santos-Moreno,Eduardo J Naranjo
Background: The dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya arboviruses have spread in America in the past year, thus becoming global health issues. These viruses are maintained in nature in two transmission cycles: an urban cycle, transmitted from hematophagous mosquitoes to humans, and a wild cycle, recorded only in Africa and Asia, involving mosquitoes and nonhuman primates as natural hosts. The evidence shows
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A Perilous Combination: Streptococcus Coinfection with Human Plague-Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature, 1937-2022. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-23 Brian Erly,Shannon Fleck-Derderian,Katharine M Cooley,Kim Meyer-Lee,Jennifer House,Elizabeth VinHatton,Christina A Nelson
Background: Plague in humans and animals is caused by Yersinia pestis, a zoonotic gram-negative bacterium endemic in certain regions of Asia, Africa, and the United States. Coinfection with both Y. pestis and Streptococci species has been anecdotally reported in humans and associated with severe and rapidly fatal disease. Methods: This report presents two cases of patients who died following Y. pestis
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Congenital Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Naturally Infected Dogs. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Eduardo E Avalos-Borges,Matilde Jiménez-Coello,Jose I Chan-Pérez,Nohemi Cigarroa-Toledo,Nisha J Garg,Leonardo Guillermo-Cordero,Jose C Segura-Correa,Antonio Ortega-Pacheco
Background: Congenital transmission (CT) of Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs has not been clearly demonstrated, even though dogs are important reservoirs of this agent. Materials and Methods: Seventeen late pregnant dogs seropositive for T. cruzi were selected, and a total of 84 fetuses were obtained. Blood and heart tissues from the fetuses and dams, and placental tissue from dam were collected. All tissues
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Emergence, Tropism, Disease, and Treatment of Australian Bat Lyssavirus Infections in Humans. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-19 Audrey R Young,Christopher C Stobart
Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA rhabdovirus capable of causing fatal acute encephalitis in humans with similar pathogenesis to its closest serologic relative, rabies virus (RABV). In this review, we describe emergence and classification of ABLV, its known virology, reservoirs, and hosts, as well as both the pathogenesis and treatment approaches currently employed
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Putative 14th Century Outbreak of Foodborne Chagas Disease, Mexico. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Leslie A Reperant
A severe epidemic erupted in Coyoacán at the southern end of Lake Texcoco, in Central Mexico, around 1330. Chroniclers of the 16th century reported that after disrupted fish supply, the inhabitants of Coyoacán had suffered high morbidity and mortality. They developed edema of their eyelids, face, and feet, and hemorrhagic diarrhea. Many died, mainly the young and the old. Pregnant women miscarried
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Subtyping of Nonhuman Primate-Adapted Cryptosporidium hominis in Macaca Fascicularis and Macaca mulatta in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Yue-Yue Zhang,Yang Zou,Ya-Qi Li,Ping-Ping Ma,Zhong-Li Liu,Shuai Wang,Xiao-Lin Sun
Background: Cryptosporidium spp. are a type of protozoan parasite responsible for causing diarrheal illness worldwide. They infect a broad range of vertebrate hosts, including both non-human primates (NHPs) and humans. In fact, zoonotic transmission of cryptosporidiosis from NHPs to humans is frequently facilitated by direct contact between the two groups. However, there is a need to enhance the information
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Risk Factors for Bartonella Seroreactivity Among Veterinary Workers in the Pacific Northwest. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Natalie Thiel,Marissa Baker,Beth Lipton,Lee Fuller,Edward B Breitschwerdt,Peter Rabinowitz
Background: Exposure to zoonotic diseases is a significant occupational risk in veterinary medicine. In this study, we characterized personal protective equipment use, injury frequency, and Bartonella seroreactivity in Washington State veterinary workers. Methods: Using a risk matrix developed to reflect occupational risk factors for exposure to Bartonella and multiple logistic regression, we explored
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Molecular Detection of Tacheng Tick Virus-1 (TcTV-1) and Jingmen Tick Virus in Ticks Collected from Wildlife and Livestock in Turkey: First Indication of TcTV-1 Beyond China. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Ender Dincer,Mehmet Ozkan Timurkan,Deniz Yalcınkaya,Olcay Hekimoglu,Mehmet Berat Nayır,Tugce Zeynep Sertkaya,Tarkan Yorulmaz
Background: Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) and Tacheng tick virus-1 (TcTV-1) are emerging tick-borne viruses that have been recently confirmed to be etiological agents of human disease in China. However, the ecology of JMTV and TcTV-1, especially their association with ticks in wildlife and livestock, remains largely unknown in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Eight hundred thirty-two tick specimens in 117
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A Single Clinical Case of Leptospirosis in a 70-Year-Old Man During the Military Conflict in Ukraine. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Olena Zubach,Iryna Pestushko,Yulia Dliaboha,Oksana Semenyshyn,Alexander Zinchuk
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects both humans and animals worldwide. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis in humans range widely, from mild to severe illness, with symptoms that can include severe jaundice, acute renal failure, hemorrhagic pneumonia, and meningitis. We present a detailed clinical description of a 70-year-old man with leptospirosis. This case presented without the typical
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Flavivirus Antibodies Reactive to Zika Virus Detected in Multiple Species of Nonhuman Primates in Kenya, 2008-2017. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 Albina Makio,Marc-Alain Widdowson,Peris Ambala,Hastings Ozwara,Peninah Munyua,Elizabeth Hunsperger
Background: Zika virus (ZIKV), first described in 1947, is an arthropod-borne virus associated with sporadic outbreaks and interepidemic transmission. Recent studies have implicated nonhuman primates (NHPs) as the probable reservoir hosts. We tested archived serum samples of NHPs collected in Kenya for evidence of neutralizing ZIKV antibodies. Methods: We randomly selected 212 archived serum samples
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Candidatus Rickettsia Vini DNA in Ticks Collected from Nest Burrows of the European Sand Martin (Riparia riparia) in Sweden. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-18 Peter Wilhelmsson,Per-Eric Lindgren,Thord Fransson,Giulio Grandi,Björn Olsen,Kenneth Nilsson
Background: Birds can cross geographical and environmental barriers and thereby facilitate dispersal of tick-borne pathogens both as carriers of infected ticks and as reservoirs of pathogenic microorganisms. Ixodes lividus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) is an endophilic tick in the Palearctic region that is highly specialized on its host, the European sand martin Riparia riparia. The purpose of this study was
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Isolation and Genetic Evolution of Dengue Virus from the 2019 Outbreak in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. (IF 2.1) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Jin-Xin Meng,Qiu-Ming Hu,Li-Ming Zhang,Nan Li,Yu-Wen He,Zhen-Xing Yang,Yi Sun,Jing-Lin Wang
Background: Dengue virus (DENV) can be divided into four serotypes-DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. In humans, infection leads to dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome, both widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2019, a severe outbreak of DF occurred in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province. Objective: To investigate the etiology and genotype of the causative