样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出 标记为已读
-
Omicron Infections in Vaccinated Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 John McAteer,Divya D Kalluri,Rivka R Abedon,Caroline X Qin,Scott R Auerbach,Olga Charnaya,Lara A Danziger-Isakov,Noelle H Ebel,Amy G Feldman,Evelyn K Hsu,Saeed Mohammad,Emily R Perito,Ashley M Thomas,Teresa P Y Chiang,Jacqueline M Garonzik-Wang,Dorry L Segev,William A Werbel,Douglas B Mogul
-
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalization in Hong Kong Children Aged 9 Months to 17 Years, March-June 2023. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Benjamin J Cowling,Mike Y W Kwan,Caitriona Murphy,Eunice L Y Chan,Joshua S C Wong,Sheena G Sullivan,Malik Peiris,So-Lun Lee
In March-June 2023, we conducted a test-negative study in 1671 children who were hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Hong Kong. Two hundred and eighty-six children (17.2%) were tested positive for influenza virus including 188 with A(H1N1). We estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalization as 69.6% (95% confidence interval: 49.3%, 81.7%).
-
Averting a Crisis: Innovating Pediatric Infectious Diseases Recruitment and Training. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Angela L Myers,Scott H James,Joshua R Watson,Sylvia Yeh,Kristina A Bryant
-
Clinical Outcomes of Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus Infection in Pediatric Hemopoietic Cell Transplant Patients. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Sandra Castejon-Ramirez,Sujittra Chaisavaneeyakorn,Jose A Ferrolino,Kim J Allison,Megan Peterson,Ronald H Dallas,Ali Suliman,Randall T Hayden,Gabriela Maron,Diego R Hijano
BACKGROUND Respiratory viral infections are common among pediatric transplant patients, with human rhinovirus (HRV) being most frequent. In pediatric patients undergoing hemopoietic cell transplant (HCT), infection with HRV has been associated with progression to lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and adverse outcomes. We describe clinical presentation and outcomes of HRV infection in children
-
Comparisons of Pediatric and Adult SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies up to 6 Months after Infection, Vaccination, or Hybrid Immunity. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Minjun Kim,Wesley A Cheng,Zion Congrave-Wilson,Carolyn Jennifer Marentes Ruiz,Lauren Turner,Shirley Mendieta,Jaycee Jumarang,Jennifer Del Valle,Yesun Lee,Thomas Fabrizio,E Kaitlynn Allen,Paul G Thomas,Richard Webby,Aubree Gordon,Pia S Pannaraj
BACKGROUND Characterization of longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in children following infection and vaccination is needed to inform SARS-CoV-2 vaccine policy decisions for children, which may differ from adults. METHODS We enrolled individuals at the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination for longitudinal serological testing and compared SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG and neutralization
-
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Varicella-Zoster Virus Exposure in High-Risk Children. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Emily Shteynberg,Shan Sun,Ravi Jhaveri,Sameer J Patel
BACKGROUND Post-exposure prophylaxis with varicella immunoglobulin is recommended to minimize risk of varicella complications for high-risk children. However, providers frequently use alternatives like acyclovir or intravenous immunoglobulin. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted of post-exposure prophylaxis for varicella in children from January 2009 to December 2019. Data were provided
-
Invasive Group A Streptococcus in infants less than one-year of age from 2012-2022: a single center experience. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Taylor Nack,Jesus G Vallejo,James Dunn,Anthony R Flores,J Chase McNeil
The incidence of invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) has varied throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed iGAS infections in infants ≤1 year from 2012-2022. 25% of cases occurred in the last quarter of 2022. Pneumonia (21.8%) was the most common presentation. Twenty-one patients (65.6%) were successfully transitioned to oral antibiotics.
-
Evaluation of asymptomatic Bordetella carriage in a convenience sample of children and adolescents in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Anna M Acosta,Ashley Simon,Stepy Thomas,Amy Tunali,Sarah Satola,Shabnam Jain,Monica M Farley,M Lucia Tondella,Tami H Skoff
Few data exist on asymptomatic carriage of Bordetella species among populations receiving acellular pertussis vaccine. We conducted a cross-sectional study among acellular-vaccinated children presenting to an emergency department. B. pertussis carriage prevalence was <1% in this population, a lower prevalence than that found in recent studies among whole-cell pertussis-vaccinated participants.
-
Projecting the clinical and economic impacts of changes to HIV care among adolescents and young adults in the US: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Isaac Ravi Brenner,Kit N Simpson,Clare F Flanagan,Tyra Dark,Mary Dooley,Allison L Agwu,Wei Li Adeline Koay,Kenneth A Freedberg,Andrea L Ciaranello,Anne M Neilan
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, many US youth with HIV (YHIV) used telehealth services; others experienced disruptions in clinic and antiretroviral therapy (ART) access. METHODS Using the Cost-effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications (CEPAC)-Adolescent HIV microsimulation model, we evaluated three scenarios: 1) Clinic: in-person care; 2) Telehealth: virtual visits, without CD4 or viral
-
Digital PCR to Measure SARS-CoV-2 RNA, Variants, and Outcomes in Youth. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Diego R Hijano,Jose A Ferrolino,Zhengming Gu,Jessica N Brazelton,Haiqing Zhu,Sri Suganda,Heather L Glasgow,Ronald H Dallas,Kim J Allison,Gabriela Maron,,Himani Darji,Li Tang,Thomas P Fabrizio,Richard J Webby,Randall T Hayden
BACKGROUND The role of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in predicting contagiousness, disease severity, transmissibility, and clinical decision-making continues to be an area of great interest. However, most studies have been in adults and have evaluated SARS-CoV-2 loads using cycle thresholds (Ct) values, which are not standardized preventing consistent interpretation critical to understanding clinical impact
-
Association of HIV exposure and HIV infection with in-hospital mortality among hospitalised infants <1 year of age, South Africa, 2016-2018. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Nicole Wolter,Sibongile Walaza,Claire von Mollendorf,Anne von Gottberg,Stefano Tempia,Meredith L McMorrow,Jocelyn Moyes,Florette Treurnicht,Orienka Hellferscee,Malefu Moleleki,Mvuyo Makhasi,Neydis Baute,Cheryl Cohen
We enrolled 1323 hospitalised infants aged <1 year in 2016-2018, and examined the association between HIV status and in-hospital mortality. After controlling for confounders, HIV exposed uninfected infants did not have an increased risk of mortality, whereas infants living with HIV had four-times greater risk compared to HIV uninfected infants.
-
Characterizing attitudes toward maternal RSV vaccines among pregnant and lactating persons in Kenya: Key considerations for demand generation efforts for vaccine acceptance. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Rupali J Limaye,Molly Sauer,Rosemary Njogu,Prachi Singh,Berhaun Fesshaye,Ruth Karron
This study examined attitudes toward maternal RSV vaccines among pregnant and lactating persons in Kenya. First pregnancy was associated with higher vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and lactating people, and social norms were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy among lactating people. Understanding maternal RSV attitudes is critical for vaccine acceptance.
-
Clinical Practice Guideline by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA): 2023 Guideline on Diagnosis and Management of Acute Bacterial Arthritis in Pediatrics. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Charles R Woods,John S Bradley,Archana Chatterjee,Matthew P Kronman,Sandra R Arnold,Joan Robinson,Lawson A Copley,Antonio Arrieta,Sandra L Fowler,Christopher Harrison,Stephen C Eppes,C Buddy Creech,Laura P Stadler,Samir S Shah,Lynnette J Mazur,Maria A Carrillo-Marquez,Coburn H Allen,Valéry Lavergne
This clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial arthritis (ABA) in children was developed by a multidisciplinary panel representing the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). This guideline is intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for children with ABA, including specialists in pediatric
-
Loss of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Antibody Functions During the Peak of the COVID-19 Pandemic Mitigation Measures. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Bahaa Abu-Raya,Frederic Reicherz,Christina Michalski,Marina Viñeta Paramo,Abdelilah Majdoubi,Liam Golding,Madison Granoski,Aleksandra Stojic,David J Marchant,Pascal M Lavoie
Studies have linked respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody-mediated phagocytosis and complement deposition to severe RSV infection in humans. This study shows waning of these antibody functions in women of childbearing age in 2020-2021 during the implementation of COVID-19 mitigation measures, in absence of RSV circulation. These functions could be explored as correlates of protection against severe
-
Outbreak of Invasive Group A Streptococcus in Children-Colorado, October 2022-April 2023. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Erin C Ho,Jessica R Cataldi,Lori J Silveira,Meghan Birkholz,Michele M Loi,Christina M Osborne,Samuel R Dominguez
BACKGROUND In the fall of 2022, we observed a sharp rise in pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) hospitalizations in Colorado. We compared the epidemiology, clinical features, and patient outcomes in this outbreak to prior years. METHODS Between October 2022 and April 2023, we prospectively identified and reviewed iGAS cases in hospitalized pediatric patients at Children's Hospital Colorado
-
Sensitivity of Two-Tiered Lyme Disease Serology in Children With an Erythema Migrans Lesion. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Amy D Thompson,Fran Balamuth,Desiree N Neville,Laura L Chapman,Michael N Levas,Anupam B Kharbanda,John A Branda,Meagan M Ladell,Claire Loiselle,Lise E Nigrovic
In our prospective cohort of 192 children with a physician-diagnosed erythema migrans (EM) lesion, two-tier Lyme disease serology had higher sensitivity in children with multiple EM lesions (76.8% multiple lesions vs. 38.1% single EM; difference 38.7%, 95% confidence interval 24.8%-50.4%). The diagnosis of cutaneous Lyme disease should be based on careful physical examination rather than laboratory
-
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Novel Plasma Biomarkers for Neurological Complications in Patients With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Makoto Yamaguchi,Takako Suzuki,Hiroyuki Kidokoro,Ken-Ichi Iwata,Yuto Fukuda,Kazunori Haruta,Yuka Torii,Yoshinori Ito,Jun-Ichi Kawada
BACKGROUND Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a leading cause of nonhereditary neurological complications. When considering antiviral treatment, it is important to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. This study aimed to identify candidate plasma biomarkers for neurological complications of cCMV infection using proteomic analysis. METHODS This study retrospectively
-
Clinical Outcomes of Acutely Ill Children According to Cycle Threshold Values of Respiratory Viruses Detected by Multiplex PCR Testing. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Suvi Mattila,Minna Honkila,Niko Paalanne,Vesa Mäki-Koivisto,Kimmo Halt,Tuomas Jartti,Olli Ruuskanen,Matti Waris,Tytti Pokka,Terhi Tapiainen
In this cohort study of 800 children attending a pediatric emergency department at Oulu University Hospital, Finland with fever or respiratory symptoms, the cycle threshold values of point-of-care multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing for respiratory viruses were not associated with hospitalization, respiratory support, or need for intensive care.
-
-
Assessing risk for complications in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. Validation of two predictive scores. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Adriana Sarmiento Clemente,J Chase McNeil,Kristina G Hultén,Jesus G Vallejo,Michael E Scheurer,Sheldon L Kaplan
BACKGROUND Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) can be associated with severe complications which can be difficult to predict in the clinical setting. The previously published predictive acute complication score ("A-SCORE") and chronic complication score ("C-SCORE") show promise, however, further external validation is needed. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of 418 children with AHO and
-
Cost of Medically Attended RSV Among Medicaid Beneficiaries ≤2 Years of Age by Underlying Risk Condition. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Yoonyoung Choi,Lynn Finelli
We evaluated costs for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) medical attention in children aged <24 months using MarketScan® Medicaid Multi-State claims database 2015-2019. Average cost was highest for RSV hospitalization with intensive care unit (ICU) admission ($23 514-24 835), followed by no ICU admission ($8039-8990), ED visits ($463-482), and outpatient visits ($145-151). Cost was higher for those
-
High caregiver adverse childhood experiences are associated with pediatric influenza and COVID-19 vaccination uptake. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Melissa E Day,Heidi Sucharew,Mary Carol Burkhardt,Allison Reyner,Destiney Giles,Andrew F Beck,Elizabeth P Schlaudecker,Melissa Klein
BACKGROUND Factors surrounding vaccine uptake are complex. Although anxiety, which could influence vaccination decisions, has been associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), little is known about links between caregiver ACEs and pediatric vaccine uptake. We evaluated associations between caregivers' ACEs and decisions to vaccinate their children with influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS
-
First-Line Antituberculosis Drug Concentrations in Infants With HIV and a History of Recent Admission With Severe Pneumonia. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Chishala Chabala,Tom G Jacobs,Cinta Moraleda,John M Ndaferankhande,Vivian Mumbiro,Alfeu Passanduca,Natasha Namuziya,Damalie Nalwanga,Victor Musiime,Alvaro Ballesteros,Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez,Moses Chitsamatanga,Uneisse Cassia,Bwendo Nduna,Justina Bramugy,Jahit Sacarlal,Lola Madrid,Kusum J Nathoo,Angela Colbers,David M Burger,Veronica Mulenga,W Chris Buck,Hilda A Mujuru,Lindsey H M Te Brake,Pablo Rojo
Optimal antituberculosis therapy is essential for favorable clinical outcomes. Peak plasma concentrations of first-line antituberculosis drugs in infants with living HIV receiving WHO-recommended dosing were low compared with reference values for adults, supporting studies on increased doses of first-line TB drugs in infants.
-
Laying the Groundwork for a Fulfilling Career in Pediatric Infectious Diseases: The Transition from Fellowship to Faculty. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Lauren E Kushner,Elizabeth H Ristagno,Sara W Dong,Victoria J L Konold,Yasaman Fatemi,Terri L Stillwell,Julie D Wohrley,Matthew M Sattler,Ibukunoluwa C Kalu,Juri Boguniewicz
There are limited resources for guidance on the transition from fellowship into a new faculty role in pediatric infectious diseases. This review aims to address this gap and provides a framework for a successful transition that is composed of four essential pillars-1) stepping into your role, 2) finding your niche, 3) building your network, and 4) self-care-all of which are supported by strong mentorship/sponsorship
-
Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate fixed dose combination tablets in adolescents living with HIV: results through week 96 from IMPAACT 2014. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Supattra Rungmaitree,Linda Aurpibul,Brookie M Best,Xiang Li,Meredith G Warshaw,Hong Wan,Nicole H Tobin,Patricia Jumes,Randi Leavitt,Katie McCarthy,Rachel Scheckter,Pradthana Ounchanum,Avy Violari,Hedy Teppler,Havilland Campbell,Chelsea Krotje,Ellen Townley,Jack Moye,Ann J Melvin,
BACKGROUND IMPAACT 2014 study is a phase I/II, multicenter, open-label, non-randomized study of doravirine (DOR) co-formulated with lamivudine (3TC) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as fixed dose combination (DOR FDC) in adolescents with HIV-1. We report the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of DOR FDC through 96 weeks. METHODS Participants were adolescents aged 12 to <18 years who weighed
-
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Milestones: A Step in the Right Direction to Evaluate Subspecialty Learners. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Sanya J Thomas,Marsha S Anderson,Elisabeth E Adderson,Laura Edgar,Donna Curtis,Sara W Dong,Yasaman Fatemi,Shaina M Hecht,Scott H James,Alice Lehman,Ian C Michelow,Norma Perez,Matthew M Sattler,Angela L Myers,Rachel Martin-Blais
We share the work of the ACGME Pediatric Infectious Diseases Working Group in creating the Pediatric Infectious Diseases-Specific Milestones and discuss key considerations that lead to the reformation of competencies to better assess learners in Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
-
Who Will Suffer Most if US AIDS Funding Ends. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Dorothy Dow,Blandina Mmbaga
-
Abacavir Drug Exposures in African Children Under 14 kg Using Pediatric Solid Fixed Dose Combinations According to World Health Organization Weight Bands. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Suthunya Chupradit,Dalton C Wamalwa,Elizabeth Maleche-Obimbo,Adeodata R Kekitiinwa,Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire,Elizabeth A Bukusi,Winstone M Nyandiko,Joseph K Mbuthia,Alistair Swanson,,Tim R Cressey,Baralee Punyawudho,Victor Musiime
BACKGROUND The pharmacokinetics of abacavir (ABC) in African children living with HIV (CLHIV) weighing <14 kg and receiving pediatric fixed dose combinations (FDC) according to WHO weight bands dosing are limited. An ABC population pharmacokinetic model was developed to evaluate ABC exposure across different World Health Organization (WHO) weight bands. METHODS Children enrolled in the LIVING study
-
Reducing Ophthalmic Antibiotic Use for Non-severe Conjunctivitis in Children. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Thresia Sebastian,Josh Durfee,Nancy Wittmer,Jessica Jack,Amy Keith,Timothy C Jenkins,Holly M Frost
BACKGROUND Antibiotics are often overprescribed for pediatric conjunctivitis. We implemented a system-level quality improvement (QI) intervention to reduce unnecessary ophthalmic antibiotic use. METHODS The multi-faceted intervention in Denver, CO comprised a clinical care pathway, nurse protocol modifications, electronic health record (EHR) changes, parent education materials, and clinician education
-
A Review of Pediatric Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network: United States, 2016-2022. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Christopher Prestel,Lucy Fike,Prachi Patel,Margaret Dudeck,Jonathan Edwards,Ronda Sinkowitz-Cochran,David Kuhar
Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are common healthcare-associated infections in pediatrics. Children's hospital CLABSI standardized infection ratios decreased when comparing 2016-2019 (-26%, 95% CI [-31%, -20%]), and increased from 2019 to 2022 (18%, 95% CI [9%, 26%]). Resilient pediatric CLABSI prevention initiatives are needed.
-
Associations of Standard Care, Intrathecal Antibiotics, and Antibiotic-Impregnated Catheters With Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Infection Organisms and Resistance. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Sabrina Sedano,Matthew P Kronman,Kathryn B Whitlock,Chuan Zhou,Susan E Coffin,Jason S Hauptman,Evan Heller,Francesco T Mangano,Ian F Pollack,Joshua K Schaffzin,Emily Thorell,Benjamin C Warf,Tamara D Simon
BACKGROUND Infection prevention techniques used during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt surgery include: (1) standard perioperative intravenous antibiotics, (2) intrathecal (IT) antibiotics, (3) antibiotic-impregnated catheter (AIC) shunt tubing, or (4) Both IT and AIC. These techniques have not been assessed against one another for their impact on the infecting organisms and patterns of antimicrobial
-
Potential Benefits of Expanded Palivizumab in American Indian Children Under the Age of 2 Years. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Ryan M Close,Alvin S Palmer,James B McAuley
Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections disparately impact American Indian communities. We implemented a program that expanded palivizumab to all children under 2 years of age that led to significant reductions in RSV infections and hospitalizations for both high-risk and non-high-risk recipients in a rural American Indian community in Eastern Arizona.
-
Durable Anti-Vi IgG and IgA Antibody Responses in 15-Month-Old Children Vaccinated With Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine in Burkina Faso. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Alphonse Ouedraogo,Amidou Diarra,Issa Nébié,Nouhoun Barry,Jean Moise Kabore,Alfred B Tiono,Shrimati Datta,Yuanyuan Liang,Ifayet Mayo,Jennifer J Oshinsky,J Kathleen Tracy,Tsion Girmay,Marcela F Pasetti,Leslie P Jamka,Kathleen M Neuzil,Sodiomon B Sirima,Matthew B Laurens
We assessed anti-Vi IgG/IgA responses to typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in children enrolled in a double-blind randomized controlled, phase 2 trial in Burkina Faso. Anti-Vi IgG seroconversion and anti-Vi IgA titers were higher in TCV than control recipients at 30-35 months post-vaccination. TCV induces durable immunity in Burkinabe children vaccinated at 15 months.
-
Adjunctive Diagnostic Studies Completed Following Detection of Candidemia in Children: Secondary Analysis of Observed Practice From a Multicenter Cohort Study Conducted by the Pediatric Fungal Network. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Rachel L Wattier,Robert F T Bucayu,Craig L K Boge,Rachael K Ross,Inci Yildirim,Theoklis E Zaoutis,Debra L Palazzi,Surabhi B Vora,Elio Castagnola,Martha Avilés-Robles,Lara Danziger-Isakov,Alison C Tribble,Tanvi S Sharma,Antonio C Arrieta,Gabriela Maron,David M Berman,Dwight E Yin,Lillian Sung,Michael Green,Emmanuel Roilides,Kiran Belani,José Romero,Pere Soler-Palacin,Eduardo López-Medina,Dawn Nolt,Ibrahim
BACKGROUND Adjunctive diagnostic studies (aDS) are recommended to identify occult dissemination in patients with candidemia. Patterns of evaluation with aDS across pediatric settings are unknown. METHODS Candidemia episodes were included in a secondary analysis of a multicenter comparative effectiveness study that prospectively enrolled participants age 120 days to 17 years with invasive candidiasis
-
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Among Gram-Negative Isolates in Pediatric Patients in Latin America, Africa-Middle East, and Asia From 2016-2020 Compared to 2011-2015: Results From the ATLAS Surveillance Study. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Qiwen Yang,Shweta Kamat,Naglaa Mohamed,Rafael Ricardo Valdez,Stephen Lin,Ming Su,Alvaro Quintana,Pattarachai Kiratisin,Ana Patricia Rodríguez-Zulueta,Adrian Brink
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data in the pediatric population are limited, particularly in developing countries. This study assessed the AMR profile and key resistance phenotypes and genotypes for Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) isolates collected as part of the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance program from pediatric patients in Latin America, Africa-Middle East, and Asia
-
Retrospective Observational Assessment of the Impact of Cefepime Prophylaxis in Neutropenic Pediatric Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Mohammed A Almatrafi,Aimee M Dassner,Victor Aquino,Tamra Slone,Michael Sebert
BACKGROUND The potential for cefepime prophylaxis to reduce bloodstream infections (BSIs) in pediatric patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) has been incompletely characterized. METHODS A retrospective quasi-experimental study of patients under 21 years of age admitted with AML from 2010 through 2018 at two affiliated pediatric tertiary-care hospitals before and after the adoption of routine
-
Validation of Childhood Pneumonia Prognostic Models for Use in Emergency Care Settings. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 James W Antoon,Hui Nian,Krow Ampofo,Yuwei Zhu,Laura F Sartori,Jakobi Johnson,Donald H Arnold,Justine Stassun,Andrew T Pavia,Carlos G Grijalva,Derek J Williams
BACKGROUND Unwarranted variation in disposition decisions exist among children with pneumonia. We validated three prognostic models for predicting pneumonia severity among children in the emergency department (ED) and hospital. METHODS We performed a two-center, prospective study of children 6 months to <18 years presenting to the ED with pneumonia from January 2014 to May 2019. We evaluated three
-
Use of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays in Children <2 Years Old. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Nicholas A Turner,Amina Ahmed,Connie A Haley,Jeffrey R Starke,Jason E Stout
While interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are widely used for detecting tuberculosis (TB) infection, tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) remain preferred for children under the age of 2 years. The preference for TST stems from concern over IGRA sensitivity in young children. However, TSTs are susceptible to false-positive results following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, which is common in
-
Serologic Testing for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in a Low-Incidence Region. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Joye Wang,Andrew S Handel
BACKGROUND Tick-borne diseases have grown in incidence over recent decades. As a result, diagnostic testing has become more common, often performed as broad antibody-based panels for multiple tick-transmitted pathogens. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is rare in our region yet may cause severe morbidity, leading to diagnostic screening in low-risk patients. We sought to describe trends in RMSF
-
Safety of Re-dosing Nirsevimab Prior to RSV Season 2 in Children With Heart or Lung Disease. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-31 Joseph B Domachowske,Yue Chang,Victoria Atanasova,Fernando Cabañas,Kenji Furuno,Kim A Nguyen,Irfana Banu,Robert J Kubiak,Amanda Leach,Vaishali S Mankad,Manish Shroff,Therese Takas,Tonya Villafana,Ulrika Wählby Hamrén
In children with congenital heart disease and/or chronic lung disease entering their second respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season, 200 mg nirsevimab had a similar safety profile to that of palivizumab and resulted in nirsevimab serum exposures associated with efficacy in healthy infants, supporting efficacy in this population at risk of severe RSV disease.
-
Emerging Resistance Trends in Viridans Group Streptococci Bloodstream Infections Among Immunocompromised Children Receiving Levofloxacin Prophylaxis. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Ana M Quintero,Diego A Cruz Vidal,Brett G Klamer,Monica I Ardura,Sophonie J Oyeniran
BACKGROUND Levofloxacin prophylaxis (LVXp) is often used for patients with underlying leukemia and severe neutropenia to reduce the risk of fever and bacteremia. This study evaluated trends in viridans group streptococci (VGS) antibiotic susceptibilities over time and clinical outcomes of children with VGS bloodstream infections (BSIs) during institutional adoption of LVXp. METHODS VGS blood culture
-
Editorial Commentary: Impact of Fluoroquinolone Prophylaxis on Viridans Group Streptococci Bloodstream Infections in Immunocompromised Children. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Karen P Acker
-
Current landscape and future directions of pediatric transplant infectious diseases. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 William R Otto,Michael Green,Lara Danziger-Isakov
-
Comparison of Administrative Database-Derived and Hospital-Derived Data for Monitoring Blood Culture Use in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Shaoming Xiao,Charlotte Z Woods-Hill,Danielle Koontz,Cary Thurm,Troy Richardson,Aaron M Milstone,Elizabeth Colantuoni,
BACKGROUND Optimizing blood culture practices requires monitoring of culture use. Collecting culture data from electronic medical records can be resource intensive. Our objective was to determine whether administrative data could serve as a data source to measure blood culture use in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). METHODS Using data from a national diagnostic stewardship collaborative to reduce
-
Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection in Children From a Third-Level Hospital in Mexico: Clinical Characteristics and Molecular Epidemiology. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 José Iván Castillo Bejarano,Jorge Llaca Díaz,Manuel Enrique E la O Cavazos,Hugo Sánchez Alanís,Abiel Homero Mascareñas de Los Santos,Fernando Espinosa-Villaseñor,Rebeca Aguayo Samaniego,Daniel Siller Rodríguez,Nestor Casillas Vega
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a threat to public health due to the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates. Information regarding the clinical and molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) infections in children is scarce. Our study aimed to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of CRAB infections in children from a third-level
-
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Bezlotoxumab in Children Receiving Antibacterial Treatment for Clostridioides difficile Infection (MODIFY III). J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Thomas J Sferra,Tomas Merta,Michael Neely,Claudia Murta de Oliveira,Alvaro Lassaletta,Claudia Fortuny Guasch,Mary Beth Dorr,Gregory Winchell,Feng-Hsiu Su,Sarah Perko,Doreen Fernsler,Hetty Waskin,Stephen R Holden
BACKGROUND Therapies to prevent recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in pediatric patients are needed. Bezlotoxumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody approved for prevention of recurrent CDI in adults. We assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bezlotoxumab in pediatric patients. METHODS MODIFY III was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled
-
Commentary on: "Broad- Versus Narrow-Spectrum Perioperative Antibiotics and Outcomes in Pediatric Heart Disease Surgery: Analysis of the Vizient Clinical Data Base". J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Michael L O'Byrne
-
Estimating the Incidence of First RSV Hospitalization in Children Born in Ontario, Canada. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Sarah A Buchan,Hannah Chung,Teresa To,Nick Daneman,Astrid Guttmann,Jeffrey C Kwong,Michelle Murti,Garima Aryal,Aaron Campigotto,Pranesh Chakraborty,Jonathan Gubbay,Timothy Karnauchow,Kevin Katz,Allison J McGeer,J Dayre McNally,Samira Mubareka,David Richardson,Susan E Richardson,Marek Smieja,George Zahariadis,Shelley L Deeks
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to morbidity in children, placing substantial burdens on health systems, thus RSV vaccine development and program implementation are a public health priority. More data on burden are needed by policymakers to identify priority populations and formulate prevention strategies as vaccines are developed and licensed. METHODS Using health
-
The Role of Children in Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Across Four Waves of the Pandemic. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Trevon L Fuller,Leonardo Bastos,Marilia Sá Carvalho,Paola Cristina Resende,Luana Damasceno,Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz,Fernando Medeiros,Guilherme Calvet,Lusiele Guaraldo,Karin Nielsen-Saines,James Whitworth,Christopher Smith,Marilda Siqueira,Patrícia Brasil
BACKGROUND It is important to understand the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in close-contact settings such as households. We hypothesized that children would most often acquire SARS-CoV-2 from a symptomatic adult caregiver. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted from April 2020 to July 2022 in a low-resource, urban settlement in Brazil. We recruited families who brought their children
-
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Hospitalized Infants in Four Middle-Income Countries. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Holly M Biggs,Eric A F Simões,Ilham Abu Khader,Mark G Thompson,Aubree Gordon,Danielle R Hunt,Nicholas P DeGroote,Rachael M Porter,Silvia Bino,Basima I Marar,Lionel Gresh,Joanne de Jesus-Cornejo,Gayle Langley,Natalie J Thornburg,Teresa C T Peret,Brett Whitaker,Yange Zhang,Lijuan Wang,Mira C Patel,Meredith McMorrow,William Campbell,Iris Hasibra,Enkeleda Duka,Mahmoud Al-Gazo,John Kubale,Felix Sanchez
BACKGROUND Understanding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) global epidemiology is important to inform future prevention strategies. METHODS Hospitalized infants <1-year-old with acute illness were enrolled prospectively in Albania, Jordan, Nicaragua, and Philippines during respiratory seasons in 2015-2017. Medical chart review, parental interview, and post-discharge follow up were conducted. Respiratory
-
Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Cervicofacial Lymphadenitis in Children-10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Pediatric Center. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Olivia Leow,Rie Aoyama,Woei Shyang Loh,E'Ching Shih,Sok Yan Tay,Ka Lip Chew,Kean Lee Chew,Liang Shen,Si Min Chan
BACKGROUND Lymphadenitis is the most common manifestation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection in children. We describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of NTM lymphadenitis, determine diagnostic yield from tissue sampling, and review management and outcomes. METHODS This was a 10-year retrospective review of children aged 0-16 years diagnosed with NTM cervicofacial lymphadenitis
-
Biliary Complications of Prolonged Ceftriaxone Use in Patients With Intracranial Infections. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Caitlin Naureckas Li,Simon Parzen-Johnson,Ravi Jhaveri
-
Factors Associated With Viral Suppression and Drug Resistance in Children and Adolescents Living With HIV in Care and Treatment Programs in Southern Tanzania. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Samoel A Khamadi,Emmanuel Bahemana,Nicole Dear,Caroline Mavere,Fredy George,Razack Kapene,Grace Papianus,Walidah Willoughby,Jillian Chambers,Kavitha Ganesan,Iman Mwakabanje,Jason M Bacha,Priyanka Desai,Shaban Almas,Peter D Coakley,Vanessa Wolfman,Elizabeth H Lee,Patrick W Hickey,Jeffrey Livezey,Patricia A Agaba
BACKGROUND Achieving viral suppression (VS) for persons living with HIV is key to reaching epidemic control. We assessed the prevalence of VS and the frequency of HIV drug resistance mutations (HIVDRM) among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) in the Southern Highland zone of Tanzania. METHODS From 2019 to 2021, we enrolled CALHIV aged 1-19 years on ART for >6 months in a cross-sectional
-
Benchmarking of Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescribing: Results of a Multicenter Collaborative. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Rana E El Feghaly,Joshua C Herigon,Matthew P Kronman,Bethany A Wattles,Nicole M Poole,Michael J Smith,Ana M Vaughan,Rosemary Olivero,Sameer J Patel,Ann Wirtz,Zachary Willis,Brian R Lee,
BACKGROUND Most antibiotic use occurs in ambulatory settings. No benchmarks exist for pediatric institutions to assess their outpatient antibiotic use and compare prescribing rates to peers. We aimed to share pediatric outpatient antibiotic use reports and benchmarking metrics nationally. METHODS We invited institutions from the Sharing Antimicrobial Reports for Pediatric Stewardship OutPatient (SHARPS-OP)
-
Diagnosis of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children by a Whole-Blood Transcriptional Signature. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Heather R Jackson,Luca Miglietta,Dominic Habgood-Coote,Giselle D'Souza,Priyen Shah,Samuel Nichols,Ortensia Vito,Oliver Powell,Maisey Salina Davidson,Chisato Shimizu,Philipp K A Agyeman,Coco R Beudeker,Karen Brengel-Pesce,Enitan D Carrol,Michael J Carter,Tisham De,Irini Eleftheriou,Marieke Emonts,Cristina Epalza,Pantelis Georgiou,Ronald De Groot,Katy Fidler,Colin Fink,Daniëlle van Keulen,Taco Kuijpers
BACKGROUND To identify a diagnostic blood transcriptomic signature that distinguishes multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) from Kawasaki disease (KD), bacterial infections, and viral infections. METHODS Children presenting with MIS-C to participating hospitals in the United Kingdom and the European Union between April 2020 and April 2021 were prospectively recruited. Whole-blood RNA
-
The Utility of Performing Anaerobic Blood Cultures in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Hiroki Kato,Kensuke Shoji,Miyuki Jinguji,Nao Nishimura,Satoshi Nakagawa,Isao Miyairi
BACKGROUND Several reports have suggested that routine use of anaerobic blood culture bottles together with aerobic bottles may improve blood culture positivity. However, the information is still limited regarding the utility of anaerobic blood culture bottles in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), where bacteremia due to anaerobic bacteria is relatively rare. METHODS A retrospective observational
-
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Immunogenicity to Cell-Based Versus Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccines in Children. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Katherine V Williams,Zhu-Nan Li,Bo Zhai,John F Alcorn,Mary Patricia Nowalk,Min Z Levine,Sara S Kim,Brendan Flannery,Krissy Moehling Geffel,Amanda Jaber Merranko,Mark Collins,Michael Susick,Karen S Clarke,Richard K Zimmerman,Judith M Martin
BACKGROUND Few studies have focused on the immune response to more recent influenza vaccine formulations such as cell-cultured inactivated influenza vaccine (ccIIV4) or live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) in older children and young adults, or differences in immunoglobulin response using newer antibody landscape technology. METHODS Participants ages 4-21 were randomized to receive ccIIV4 (n =
-
Time for a Change: Considering Vancomycin Alternatives for Pediatric Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Andrew S Haynes,Holly Maples,Sarah Parker
Vancomycin remains the standard of care for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia in pediatrics largely because no alternative antibiotic is definitively superior. Long-standing historical precedent and S. aureus' notable lack of vancomycin resistance are clear benefits, but vancomycin's use remains plagued by nephrotoxicity and the need for therapeutic drug monitoring
-
Healthcare-Associated Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children's Hospitals. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Lisa Saiman,Susan E Coffin,Larry K Kociolek,Danielle M Zerr,Aaron M Milstone,Margaret L Aldrich,Celibell Y Vargas,Giovanny Zapata,Morgan A Zalot,Megan E Reyna,Amanda Adler,Annie Voskertchian,Emily R Egbert,Luis Alba,Sonia Gollerkeri,Madelyn Ruggieri,Lyn Finelli,Yoonyoung Choi
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of healthcare-associated respiratory syncytial virus (HA-RSV) infections in children are well described, but less is known about sporadic HA-RSV infections. We assessed the epidemiology and clinical outcomes associated with sporadic HA-RSV infections. METHODS We retrospectively identified hospitalized children ≤18 years old with HA-RSV infections in six children's hospitals in
-
Evaluation of Clinical Case Definitions for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Young Children. J. Pediat. Inf. Dis. Soc. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 Janet A Englund,Rachel A Cohen,Veronique Bianco,Joseph B Domachowske,Joanne M Langley,Shabir A Madhi,Khalequ Zaman,Agustin Bueso,Ana Ceballos,Luis Cousin,Sanjay Gandhi,Olivier Gruselle,Lisa Jose,Nicola P Klein,Anthonet Koen,Thanyawee Puthanakit,Meng Shi,Peter Silas,Auchara Tangsathapornpong,Jamaree Teeratakulpisarn,Timo Vesikari,Gerco Haars,Amanda Leach,Sonia K Stoszek,Ilse Dieussaert
BACKGROUND Various case definitions of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection (RSV-LRTI) are currently proposed. We assessed the performance of 3 clinical case definitions against the World Health Organization definition recommended in 2015 (WHO 2015). METHODS In this prospective cohort study conducted in 8 countries, 2401 children were followed up for 2 years from birth. Suspected