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A tale of Science - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023 Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Sophia Julia Häfner
Editorial about the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023.
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Clinical significance of incidental common bile duct dilatation in children: A 10-year single medical center experience Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Wan-Hsin Su, Hsun-Chin Chao, Mi-Chi Chen, Ming-Wei Lai, Chien-Chang Chen, Pai-Jui Yeh
With the widespread use of abdominal ultrasonography (US), incidental detection of common bile duct (CBD) dilatation is common in pediatric populations. This study investigated the causes and clinical significance of CBD dilatation in children without biliary symptoms, jaundice, or causative lesions in US. We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients with CBD dilatation from July 2013 to June 2023
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Mitochondrial dysfunction route as a possible biomarker and therapy target for human cancer Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Rawan Al-Faze, Hoda A. Ahmed, Mohamed A. El-Atawy, Hayat Zagloul, Eida M. Alshammari, Mariusz Jaremko, Abdul-Hamid Emwas, Gehan M. Nabil, Demiana H. Hanna
Mitochondria are vital organelles found within living cells and have signalling, biosynthetic, and bioenergetic functions. Mitochondria play a crucial role in metabolic reprogramming, which is a characteristic of cancer cells and allows them to assure a steady supply of proteins, nucleotides, and lipids to enable rapid proliferation and development. Their dysregulated activities have been associated
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Altered purinergic P2X7 and A2B receptors signaling limits macrophage-mediated host defense in schistosomiasis Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Maria Luiza Thorstenberg, Monique Daiane Andrade Martins, Nathália Ferreira Oliveira, Matheus Macedo L.V. Monteiro, GustavoR.C. Santos, HenriqueM. Gualberto Pereira, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Claudia Lucia Martins Silva
The occurrence of co-infections during schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, with other parasites have been reported suggesting an impaired host immune defense. Macrophage purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) play an important role against intracellular pathogens. Therefore, we investigated the P2X7R-mediated phagocytosis and killing capacity of by macrophages during schistosomiasis and . Swiss
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Response to "letter to editor" from Nicolini et al. Regarding "Autonomic modulation and the risk of dementia in a middle-aged cohort: A 17-year follow-up study" Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yu-Tsung Chou, Zih-Jie Sun, Shih-Chieh Shao, Yi-Ching Yang, Feng-Hwa Lu, Chih-Jen Chang, Tzu-Chi Liao, Chung-Yi Li, Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen, Jin-Shang Wu, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
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Reading the epitranscriptome of the human malaria parasite Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Gayathri Govindaraju, Arumugam Rajavelu
Epigenetic machinery has emerged as a central player in gene regulation and chromatin organization in Plasmodium spp. Epigenetic modifications on histones and their role in antigenic variation in P. falciparum are widely studied. Recent discoveries on nucleic acid methylome are exciting and provide a new dimension to the apicomplexan protozoan parasite's gene regulatory process. Reports have confirmed
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Evolutionary edge: NOD-like receptors in immunity Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 A, i, l, a, , A, k, o, s, u, a, , K, a, t, t, n, e, r
This issue of the Biomedical Journal delves into the multifaceted roles of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in immunity, examining their subfamilies and functions within innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, and mitophagy regulation. In this issue the dynamics of mRNA vaccines are explored, as well as the synergistic effects of a ketogenic diet with anti-tumor therapies, the
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Comprehensive insight into the alterations in the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier as a consequence of iron deficiency anaemia Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Ana Soriano-Lerma, María García-Burgos, Wiley Barton, María José M.Alférez, Jorge Valentín Crespo-Pérez, Miguel Soriano, Inmaculada López-Aliaga, Paul D. Cotter, José A. García-Salcedo
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Gut microbiota and clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with advanced cancer Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 John Wen-Cheng Chang, Jia-Juan Hsieh, Chih-Yu Tsai, Horng-Yih Chiu, Yu-Feng Lin, Chiao-En Wu, Yung-Chi Shen, Ming-Mo Hou, Chieh-Ying Chang, Jian-An Chen, Chyi-Liang Chen, Cheng-Tang Chiu, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Cheng-Hsun Chiu
Background There is currently no well-accepted consensus on the association between gut microbiota and the response to treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced cancer. Methods Fecal samples were collected before ICI treatment. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. We investigated the relationship between the α-diversity of fecal microbiota
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Multifunctional nanozymes for disease diagnosis and therapy Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Qingzhi Han, Di Huang, Sijie Li, Bing Xia, Xiaoyu Wang
The development of nanotechnology has brought about groundbreaking advancements in diseases’ diagnostics and therapeutics. Among them, multifunctional nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities (i.e., nanozymes) featured with high stability, large surface area for bioconjugation, and easy storage, offer unprecedented opportunities for disease diagnostics and treatment. Recent years have witnessed the
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Heart rate variability as a predictor of cognitive decline: A possible role for the Central Autonomic Network Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Paola Nicolini, Tiziano Lucchi, Marco Vicenzi
Abstract not available
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Systemic treatments in pancreatic cancer: Taiwan pancreas society recommendation Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-31 Yung-Yeh Su, Nai-Jung Chiang, Tai-Jan Chiu, Chien-Jui Huang, Shao-Jung Hsu, Hsin-Chen Lin, Shih-Hung Yang, Youngsen Yang, Wen-Chi Chou, Yen-Yang Chen, Li-Yuan Bai, Chung-Pin Li, Jen-Shi Chen
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Over the past decade, significant therapeutic advancements have improved the survival rates of patients with pancreatic cancer. One of the primary factors contributing to these positive outcomes is the evolution of chemotherapy, from monotherapy to doublet or triplet regimens, and the integration of multimodal approaches. Additionally
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Senescence: No country for old cells Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Jan Martel, David M. Ojcius, John D. Young
Abstract not available
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Inactivation of Ymr1, Sjl2/3 phosphatases promotes stress resistance and longevity in wild type and Ras2G19V yeast Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 M.G. Mirisola, V.D. Longo
In , Ras (t arcoma) activity plays a central role in mediating the effect of glucose in decreasing stress resistance and longevity, with constitutive Ras activation mutations promoting cell growth and oncogenesis. Here, we used transposon mutagenesis in yeast to identify suppressors of the constitutively active Ras2G19V, orthologue of the KRASG12C mammalian oncogene. We identified mutations in (east
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Aptamer-functionalized liposomes for drug delivery Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Ka-Ying Wong, Man-Sau Wong, Juewen Liu
Among the various targeting ligands for drug delivery, aptamers have attracted much interest in recent years because of their smaller size compared to antibodies, ease of modification, and better batch-to-batch consistency. In addition, aptamers can be selected to target both known and even unknown cell surface biomarkers. For drug loading, liposomes are the most successful vehicle and many FDA-approved
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Symptom-correlated MiRNA signature as a potential biomarker for Kawasaki disease Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Chia-Chun Chen, Hsueh-Yao Chu, Ian Yi-Feng Chang, Yu-Sun Chang, Ken-Pen Weng, Ling-Sai Chang, Shih-Feng Liu, Ho-Chang Kuo
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The role of gut fungi in Clostridioides difficile infection Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-10 Lamei Wang, Yangchun Cao, Eddie Lou, Xuanyin Zhao, Xinhua Chen
Clostridioides difficile, the etiological agent of C. difficile infection (CDI), elicits a spectrum of diarrheal symptoms with varying severity and the potential to result in severe complications such as colonic perforation, pseudomembranous colitis, and toxic megacolon. The perturbation of gut microbiome, often triggered by antibiotic usage, represents the primary factor augmenting the risk of CDI
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Neural oscillatory markers of respiratory sensory gating in human cortices Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Kai-Jie Liang, Chia-Hsiung Cheng, Chia-Yih Liu, Andreas von Leupoldt, Valentina Jelinčić, Pei-Ying S. Chan
Background Human respiratory sensory gating is a neural process associated with inhibiting the cortical processing of repetitive respiratory mechanical stimuli. While this gating is typically examined in the time domain, the neural oscillatory dynamics, which could offer supplementary insights into respiratory sensory gating, remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate central
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Interferon-alpha and MxA inhibit BK polyomavirus replication by interaction with polyomavirus large T antigen Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Hsin-Hsu Wu, Yi-Jung Li, Cheng-Hao Weng, Hsiang-Hao Hsu, Ming-Yang Chang, Huang-Yu Yang, Chih-Wei Yang, Ya-Chung Tian
Introduction BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection is a common complication in kidney transplant recipients and can result in poor outcome and graft failure. Currently, there is no known effective antiviral agent. This study investigated the possible antiviral effects of Interferon alpha (IFNα) and its induced protein, MxA, against BKPyV. Methods In vitro cell culture experiments were conducted using human
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The next generation of healthcare ecosystem in the metaverse Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Yong Li, Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran, Narrendar RaviChandran, Ting Fang Tan, Jasmine Chiat Ling Ong, Arun James Thirunavukarasu, Bryce W. Polascik, Ranya Habash, Khizer Khaderi, Daniel SW. Ting
The Metaverse has gained wide attention for being the application interface for the next generation of Internet. The potential of the Metaverse is growing, as Web 3·0 development and adoption continues to advance medicine and healthcare. We define the next generation of interoperable healthcare ecosystem in the Metaverse. We examine the existing literature regarding the Metaverse, explain the technology
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Colonizing foreign terrain: Insights into bacterial enteropathogens Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Aila Akosua Kattner
In this present issue of the Biomedical Journal insights into pediatric campylobacteriosis are granted, and a potential path to developing a parenteral vaccine against enterotoxigenic E. coli is demonstrated. Additionally, a study shows how the use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy contributes to countering osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Furthermore, the relation between intimate partner violence
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Clinical impact of therapeutic drug monitoring for newer anti-seizure medications in patients with epilepsy: A real-world observation study Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Siew-Na Lim, Tony Wu, Chun-Wei Chang, Wei-En Johnny Tseng, Mei-Yun Cheng, Hsiang-Yao Hsieh, Chih-Hong Lee, Wey-Ran Lin, Chun-Jing Liu, Po-Ru Chen, Chia-Ni Lin
Background The clinical value of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for newer anti-seizure medications (ASMs) remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of newer ASM TDM on clinical decision making in patients with epilepsy. Methods We retrospectively identified all plasma requests for newer ASM level measurement as part of routine clinical management in the outpatient departments of seven
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A fixel-based analysis of white matter reductions early detects Parkinson disease with mild cognitive impairment Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Ting-Wei Liao, Jiun-Jie Wang, Chih-Chien Tsai, Pei-Ning Wang, Yao-Liang Chen, Yi-Ming Wu, Yih-Ru Wu
Background White matter (WM) tract alterations are early signs of cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. Fixel-based analysis (FBA) has advantages over traditional diffusion tensor imaging in managing complex and crossing fibers. We used FBA to measure fiber-specific changes in patients with PD mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD normal cognition (PD-NC). Methods Seventy-one
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Inhibition of infantile hemangioma growth and promotion of apoptosis via VEGF/PI3K/Akt axis by 755-nm long-pulse alexandrite laser Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Chen Ke, Changhan Chen, Ming Yang, Hao Chen, Youhui Ke, Liqun Li
Background Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common vascular tumor in female infants, which can lead to aesthetic issues and facial scarring. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of 755 nm long-pulsed alexandrite laser on IH. Methods Hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs) were exposed to 755 nm long-pulsed alexandrite laser to evaluate its impact on cell proliferation
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Impact of fasting & ketogenic interventions on the NLRP3 inflammasome: A narrative review Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Helena Neudorf, Jonathan P. Little
Overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with various disease states, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Emerging evidence, mostly from cell and animal models of disease, supports a role for ketosis in general, and the main circulating ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in
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Lifestyle interventions to delay senescence Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Jan Martel, David M. Ojcius, John D. Young
Senescence is a condition of cell cycle arrest that increases inflammation and contributes to the development of chronic diseases in the aging human body. While several compounds described as senolytics and senomorphics produce health benefits by reducing the burden of senescence, less attention has been devoted to lifestyle interventions that produce similar effects. We describe here the effects of
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Msi2 enhances muscle dysfunction in a myotonic dystrophy type 1 mouse model Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Maria Sabater-Arcis, Nerea Moreno, Teresa Sevilla, Manuel Perez Alonso, Ariadna Bargiela, Ruben Artero
Background Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a rare neuromuscular disease caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3′ untranslated region of the DM1 protein kinase gene. Characteristic degenerative muscle symptoms include myotonia, atrophy, and weakness. We previously proposed an MSI2>miR-7>autophagy axis whereby MSI2 overexpression repressed miR-7 biogenesis that subsequently de-repressed muscle catabolism
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Exosomes in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease – adversary and ally Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Norina Tang
Neuroinflammation and the resulting neurodegeneration is a big challenge for the healthcare system, especially with the aging population. Neuroinflammation can result from a variety of insults to the central nervous system leading to an interplay between immune and brain cells that sustains chronic inflammation and injures neural cells. One facilitator of this toxic interplay are exosomes. Exosomes
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c-MYC/METTL3/LINC01006 positive feedback loop promotes migration, invasion and proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Chunfeng Liu, Qiang Ren, Jun Deng, Songping Wang, Lei Ren
Background This study aims to clarify the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of LINC01006, which is involved in migration, invasion and proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods LINC01006 and METTL3 expressions were analyzed in TCGA-LUAD cohort. Colony formation assay, wound-healing assay and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the ability of colony formation
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Secreted proteins encoded by super enhancer-driven genes could be promising biomarkers for early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Ling-Yu Chu, Fang-Cai Wu, Wang-Kai Fang, Chao-Qun Hong, Li-Sheng Huang, Hai-Ying Zou, Yu-Hui Peng, Hao Chen, Jian-Jun Xie, Yi-Wei Xu
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Intestinal microbiota analysis of different Blastocystis subtypes and Blastocystis-negative individuals in Taiwan Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Li-San Huang, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Shu-Fang Chiu, Po-Jung Huang, Lichieh Julie Chu, Ching-Yun Huang, Fang-Wen Cheng, Lih-Chyang Chen, Hsin-Chung Lin, Ya-Wen Shih, Wei-Ning Lin, Kuo-Yang Huang
Background Intestinal parasitic infections are the most common infectious diseases among Southeast Asian migrant workers in Taiwan, especially for infections with Blastocystis hominis. However, little is known about the impact of Blastocystis subtypes (STs) on the gut microbiota. Material and methods We retrospectively evaluated the prevalence of intestinal parasites in a teaching hospital in Northern
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Non-neutralizing functions in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Sebastian Reinig, Shin-Ru Shih
Most individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19 develop antigenic neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Although neutralizing antibodies are biomarkers of the adaptive immune response, their mere presence is insufficient to explain the protection afforded against the disease or its pathology. IgG exhibits other secondary effector functions
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He protec but he also attac – Inflammasomes swinging the sword Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Aila Akosua Kattner
This issue of the Biomedical Journal puts an emphasis on inflammasome subunits, the NLR protein family, and the role they play in immunity. CIITA is presented as promising tool for augmenting tumor immunogenicity. Several articles look into the involvement of NLRP3 in inflammatory bowel disease and changes of the gut microbiome, in blood glucose management, in sterile inflammation, and NLRP3's contribution
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CAN008 prolongs overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed GBM characterized by high tumor mutational burden Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Ian Yi-Feng Chang, Hong-Chieh Tsai, Chia-Hua Chen, Hsiu-Chi Chen, Chia-Wen Huang, Gerald F. Cox, Fang-Min Huang, You-Yu Lin, Ko-Ting Chen, Ya-Jui Lin, Kuo-Chen Wei
Background A previous phase 1 dose-escalation study in Taiwan indicated CAN008 (asunercept) with standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) improved progression-free survival (PFS) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of CAN008 in promoting overall survival (OS) and identifies genetic alterations associated with treatment responses. Methods We compared
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The Yin and the Yang of extracellular vesicles during viral infections Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Charlène Martin, Gaëtan Ligat, Cécile E. Malnou
The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as key players in the intercellular communication is a subject of growing interest in all areas of physiology and pathophysiology, and the field of viral infections is no exception to the rule. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge and remaining gaps regarding the entanglement of viruses and EVs during infections. These two entities share
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Patellar malalignment: A common disorder associated with knee pain Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Chi-Chuan Wu
Pain-associated knee joint disorders are common in daily life. Practically, knee pain should be divided into the origin from the isolated tibiofemoral (TF), isolated patellofemoral (PF) joint, or a combination thereof. The TF joint controls the actions of level walking, while the PF joint controls knee flexion-extension. Owing to its sufficient inherent stability, non-traumatic disorders of the isolated
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Comparing transvenous coiling and transarterial embolization with Onyx/NBCA for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas: a retrospective study in a single center Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-03 Yi-Ming Wu, Chuan-Min Lin, Sachin Giri, Yao-liang Chen, Chien-Hung Chang, Ho-Fai Wong
Background Endovascular management is the gold standard for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CS-dAVFs) in patients with signs of ophthalmoplegia, visual defects, or intolerable clinical symptoms. Although the efficacy of embolization has been confirmed, complications during post-endovascular management have not been compared in a more extensive CS-dAVFs case series. Therefore, we compared
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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome correlation with SARS-CoV-2 N genotypes Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Iñigo Ximeno-Rodríguez, Irene Blanco-delRío, Egoitz Astigarraga, Gabriel Barreda-Gómez
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Peto’s paradox: nature has used multiple strategies to keep cancer at bay while evolving long lifespans and large body masses. A systematic mini-review. Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Matteo Perillo, Alessia Silla, Angela Punzo, Cristiana Caliceti, Andres Kriete, Christian Sell, Antonello Lorenzini
Comparative oncology is an understudied field of science. We are far from understanding the key mechanisms behind Peto’s paradox, i.e. understanding how long-lived and large animals are not subject to a higher cancer burden despite the longer exposure time to mutations and the larger number of cells exposed. In this work we investigated the scientific evidence on such mechanisms through a systematic
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Nod-like receptors in inflammatory arthritis Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Sahib Singh Madahar, Alita Gideon, Ali A. Abdul-Sater
Nod-like receptors (NLRs) are innate immune receptors that play a key role in sensing components from pathogens and from damaged cells or organelles. NLRs form signaling complexes that can lead to activation of transcription factors or effector caspases – by means of inflammasome activation –Inflammatory arthritis (IA) culminating in promoting inflammation. An increasing body of research supports the
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A risk stratification model modified from the U.S. guideline could be applied in an Asian population with or without ASCVD Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-12 Yu-Chung Hsiao, Thung-Lip Lee, Fang-Ju Lin, Chin-Feng Hsuan, Chih-Fan Yeh, , , , Yen-Wen Wu, , Ching-Chang Fang, Kuo-Yang Wang, , , Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, , Wei-Hsian Yin, Hung-I Yeh, Jaw-Wen Chen, Chau-Chung Wu
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a modified US (MUS) model for risk prediction of cardiovascular (CV) events in Asian patients and compare it to European and Japanese models. Material and methods The MUS model, based on the US ACC/AHA 2018 lipid treatment guideline, was employed to stratify patients under primary or secondary prevention. Two multi-center prospective observational
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NLRX1: Versatile functions of a mitochondrial NLR protein that controls mitophagy Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Paul Y. Bi, Samuel A. Killackey, Linus Schweizer, Stephen E. Girardin
NLRX1 is a member of the of the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family, and it represents a unique pattern recognition molecule (PRM) as it localizes to the mitochondrial matrix in resting conditions. Over the past fifteen years, NLRX1 has been proposed to regulate multiple cellular processes, including antiviral immunity, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial metabolism. Similarly
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Long noncoding RNA TUG1 promotes malignant progression of osteosarcoma by enhancing ZBTB7C expression Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Xueying An, Wenshu Wu, Pu Wang, Abdurahman Mahmut, Junxia Guo, Jian Dong, Wang Gong, Bin Liu, Lin Yang, Yuze Ma, Xingquan Xu, Jianmei Chen, Wangsen Cao, Qing Jiang
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The effects of NOD-like receptors on adaptive immune responses Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Boyan K. Tsankov, Alexander Luchak, Charles Carr, Dana J. Philpott
It has long been appreciated that cues from the innate immune system orchestrate downstream adaptive immune responses. Although previous work has focused on the roles of Toll-like receptors in this regard, relatively little is known about how Nod-like receptors instruct adaptive immunity. Here we review the functions of different members of the Nod-like receptor family in orchestrating effector and
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Immunosenescence, Gut Dysbiosis, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Interplay and Implications for Clinical Management Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-29 Tao Han Lee, Jia-Jin Chen, Chao-Yi Wu, Ting-Yun Lin, Szu-Chun Hung, Huang-Yu Yang
Immunosenescence refers to the immune system changes observed in individuals over 50 years old, characterized by diminished immune response and chronic inflammation. Recent investigations have highlighted similar immune alterations in patients with reduced kidney function. The immune system and kidney function have been found to be closely interconnected. Studies have shown that as kidney function
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Exercise, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammasomes in skeletal muscle Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Mikhaela B. Slavin, Priyanka Khemraj, David A. Hood
In the broad field of inflammation, skeletal muscle is a tissue that is understudied. Yet it represents about 40% of body mass in non-obese individuals and is therefore of fundamental importance for whole body metabolism and health. This article provides an overview of the unique features of skeletal muscle tissue, as well as its adaptability to exercise. This ability to adapt, particularly with respect
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DNAJA3 regulates B cell development and immune function Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-23 Stephanie L. Sayson, Jia-Ning Fan, Chien-Liang Ku, Jeng-Fan Lo, Shiu-Huey Chou
Background DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 3 (DNAJA3), also known as the tumorous imaginal disc (Tid1), is shown to be crucial in T cell development. DNAJA3 functions as a tumor suppressor implicated in lymphocyte development and survival. However, the role of DNAJA3 in B cell development and immune function remains unknown. In this study, we utilized a mouse model of B cell-specific DNAJA3 knockout
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Beyond the bowel – chaos caused by leaky barriers Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Aila Akosua Kattner
The current issue of the Biomedical Journal includes a study presenting a possible agent against gut aging, a review of recent results in the field of breath biomarkers, as well as the investigation of the relationship between kidney disease and leptospirosis. Furthermore, the advantages of 3D imaging in dental medicine are elucidated, the influence of afterhyperpolarization in regulating the circadian
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Using time-course as an essential factor to accurately predict sepsis-associated mortality among patients with suspected sepsis Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-17
Background Biomarker dynamics in different time-courses might be the primary reason why a static measurement of a single biomarker cannot accurately predict sepsis outcomes. Therefore, we conducted this prospective hospital-based cohort study to simultaneously evaluate the performance of several conventional and novel biomarkers of sepsis in predicting sepsis-associated mortality on different days
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Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: From molecular basis to therapeutic advances Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Angel Chao, Ren-Chin Wu, Chiao-Yun Lin, Ting-Chang Chang, Chyong-Huey Lai
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (SCNECC) is an uncommon but aggressive uterine malignancy, the cause of which is generally associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. A lack of clinical trials and evidence-based treatment guidelines poses therapeutic challenges to this rare tumor. At present, published data remain limited to case series and case reports. While clinical management
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The NLR member CIITA: Master controller of adaptive and intrinsic immunity and unexpected tool in cancer immunotherapy Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Greta Forlani, Mariam Shallak, Andrea Gatta, Amruth K.B. Shaik, Roberto S. Accolla
Human nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLR) include a large family of proteins that have important functions in basic physio-pathological processes like inflammation, cell death and regulation of transcription of key molecules for the homeostasis of the immune system. They are all characterized by a common backbone structure (the STAND ATPase module consisting in a nucleotide-binding
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Physiological and therapeutic relevance of T cell receptor-mediated antigen trogocytosis Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-15
Trogocytosis is an active process whereby fragments of plasma membrane proteins and cytoplasm are transferred from one cell to another in a cell-cell contact-dependent manner. T cells trogocytose pieces of the cells presenting antigen to them at the site of the immunological synapse. Fragments of the antigen-presenting cell membrane rich in antigen/major histocompatibility (MHC) complexes are internalized
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Cartilage-specific knockout of miRNA-128a expression normalizes the expression of circadian clock genes (CCGs) and mitigates the severity of osteoarthritis Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-13
Background Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are involved in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis and clock-controlled genes (CCGs) regulation. However, the interaction between miRNAs and CCGs remains unclear. Materials and methods Human OA samples were used to assess CCGs expression. Cartilage-specific miR-128a knockout mouse model was established to investigate miR-128a's role in OA pathogenesis. Destabilization
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LAMA5: a new pathogenic gene for Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Zhenzhen Fu, Yan Qi, Ling-fa Xue, Yao-xiang Xu, Jin Yue, Jin-ze Zhao, Cong Li, Wenlin Xiao
Background This study aimed to investigate the effect of LAMA5 on palatal development in mice. Material and methods The palatine process of C57BL/6J fetal mice on the embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5) was cultured in vitro via the rotating culture method. The LAMA5-shRNA adenovirus vector was constructed, then transfected into the palatal process of E13.5 for 48 hours in vitro. A fluorescence microscope was
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Gut mycobiome in metabolic diseases: Mechanisms and clinical implication Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-25 Xingyu Zhou, Xiang Zhang, Jun Yu
Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are three common metabolic diseases with high prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may influence the development of metabolic diseases, in which gut fungal microbiome (mycobiome) is actively involved. In this review, we summarize the studies exploring the composition changes of gut
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Repeated administration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells added on beneficial effects of empagliflozin on protecting renal function in diabetic kidney disease rat Biomed. J. (IF 5.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Chih‐Chao Yang, Yi-Ling Chen, Pei-Hsun Sung, John Y. Chiang, Chih-Hung Chen, Yi-Chen Li, Hon-Kan Yip
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most significant public health burdens worldwide. This study explored the renal protections of combined adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and empagliflozin (EMPA) in DKD rats. Adult-male-SD rats were equally allocated into group 1 (sham-operated-control), group 2 (DKD), group 3 (DKD + EMPA/20 mg/kg/day since day-14 after CKD-induction), group