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The role of cultural competency training to address health disparities in surgical settings Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Roberto Mora, Mervyn Maze
Background Disparities in health care delivered to marginalized groups are unjust and result in poor health outcomes that increase the cost of care for everyone. These disparities are largely avoidable and health care providers, have been targeted with education and specialised training to address these disparities. Sources of Data In this manuscript we have sought out both peer-reviewed material on
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Disclosing non-visible disabilities in educational workplaces: a scoping review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Juliet Hassard, Mehmet Yildrim, Louise Thomson, Holly Blake
Introduction a sizable proportion of the working population has a disability that is not visible. Many choose not to disclose this at work, particularly in educational workplaces where disability is underrepresented. A better understanding of the barriers and facilitators to disclosure is needed. Sources of data this scoping review is based on studies published in scientific journals. Areas of agreement
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Mind the implementation gap: a systems analysis of the NHS Long Term Workforce Plan to increase the number of doctors trained in the UK raises many questions Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Una Geary, Martin McKee, Katie Petty-Saphon
Background The National Health Service (NHS) in England is facing a workforce crisis. A new Long Term Workforce Plan (LTWP) seeks to address this, setting out ambitious proposals to expand and reform domestic medical education and training in England. However, there are concerns about their feasibility. Sources of data In September 2023, over 60 individuals representing medical education and training
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Genetics in Parkinson’s disease, state-of-the-art and future perspectives Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 L Trevisan, A Gaudio, E Monfrini, L Avanzino, A Di Fonzo, P Mandich
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is clinically characterized by the presence of motor (bradykinesia, rigidity, rest tremor and postural instability) and non-motor symptoms (cognitive impairment, autonomic dysfunction, sleep disorders, depression and hyposmia). The aetiology of PD is unknown except for a small but significant contribution of
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Influenza: cause or excuse? An analysis of flu’s influence on worsening mortality trends in England and Wales, 2010–19 Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Lucinda Hiam, Martin McKee, Danny Dorling
Background England and Wales experienced a stagnation of previously improving life expectancy during the 2010s. Public bodies cited influenza as an important cause. Sources of data We used data from the Office for National Statistics to examine mortality attributed directly to influenza and to all influenza-like diseases for the total population of England and Wales 2010–19. Several combinations of
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Time to bring female genital schistosomiasis out of neglect Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Olimpia Lamberti, Fiammetta Bozzani, Kita Kiyoshi, Amaya L Bustinduy
Background Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a chronic gynaecological disease affecting girls and women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), caused by the parasite Schistosoma (S.) haematobium. FGS is associated with sexual dysfunction, reproductive tract morbidity and increased prevalence of HIV and cervical precancer lesions. Source of data Key peer-reviewed published literature. Areas of agreement
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Variations in older people’s emergency care use by social care setting: a systematic review of international evidence Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Kelly Brotherhood, Ben Searle, Gemma Frances Spiers, Camila Caiado, Barbara Hanratty
Background Older adults’ use of social care and their healthcare utilization are closely related. Residents of care homes access emergency care more often than the wider older population; however, less is known about emergency care use across other social care settings. Sources of data A systematic review was conducted, searching six electronic databases between January 2012 and February 2022. Areas
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Quality of life of family carers of people living with dementia: review of systematic reviews of observational and intervention studies Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Déborah Oliveira, Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo da Mata, Aimee Aubeeluck
Introduction Family members are the primary source of support for the growing number of people living with dementia (PLWD) worldwide. However, caring for a person living with dementia can have detrimental impacts on the carer quality of life (QoL). This review of systematic reviews explored the factors associated with the QoL of family carers of PLWD and interventions aimed at improving their QoL.
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Elevated mortality among the second-generation (children of migrants) in Europe: what is going wrong? A review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Matthew Wallace, Lucinda Hiam, Robert Aldridge
Introduction The ‘second-generation’ (i.e. the children of migrants) represent one of the fastest growing subpopulations of the child and young adult populations in Europe today. The research so far appears to indicate that their mortality risk is elevated relative to people with non-migrant backgrounds. Sources of data Peer-reviewed publications. Areas of agreement Second-generation status is a clear
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Enhancing patient-centred care in dentistry: a narrative review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-15 Camilla Böhme Kristensen, Koula Asimakopoulou, Sasha Scambler
Introduction Patient-centred care (PCC) is widely used within the medical setting, but there is a need for more research on PCC implementation in dentistry. Sources of data A narrative review was conducted with literature identified from the Ovid Interface, including several databases such as Embase and Medline. Areas of agreement PCC is associated with better health outcomes for patients, and greater
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Interventions to tackle health inequalities in cardiovascular risks for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations: a rapid review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Yu Fu, Ge Yu, Naswa Maulana, Katie Thomson
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has shown significant health inequalities for people with low socioeconomic status associated with more risk factors. This review was to synthesize interventions that targeted CVD risks and outcomes among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and to understand the impact associated with these interventions. Sources of data Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase
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Efficacy of hydrodilatation in frozen shoulder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Daryl Poku,Rifat Hassan,Filippo Migliorini,Nicola Maffulli
INTRODUCTION It is unclear whether hydrodilatation is beneficial in the management of frozen shoulder compared with other common conservative management modalities. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of hydrodilatation for the management of frozen shoulder. SOURCES OF DATA A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
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The future of clinical trials-is it virtual? Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Cho Ee Ng,Sarah Bowman,Jonathan Ling,Rachael Bagshaw,Angela Birt,Yan Yiannakou
INTRODUCTION Participant recruitment to clinical trials is often sub-optimal. Decentralized clinical trials have the potential to address challenges in traditional site-based clinical trial recruitment. SOURCES OF DATA This review is based on recently published literature and the experience of running a large industry-sponsored interventional trial using both traditional and decentralized methods.
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Addressing the challenges facing the paramedic profession in the United Kingdom. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Georgette Eaton
BACKGROUND The paramedic profession within the United Kingdom has been evolving at pace over the last 20 years. While they are most associated with their work in ambulance services, paramedics are now found throughout a range of clinical and academic settings. SOURCES OF DATA Literature Review. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Despite emergence of the paramedic across the healthcare workforce, the understanding
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Small interfering RNAs in the management of human osteoporosis. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Giuseppe Gargano,Giovanni Asparago,Filippo Spiezia,Francesco Oliva,Nicola Maffulli
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis results in reduced bone mass and consequent bone fragility. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be used for therapeutic purposes, as molecular targets or as useful markers to test new therapies. SOURCES OF DATA A systematic search of different databases to May 2023 was performed to define the role of siRNAs in osteoporosis therapy. Fourteen suitable studies were identified.
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Mobilization-based engraftment of haematopoietic stem cells: a new perspective for chemotherapy-free gene therapy and transplantation Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-07-18 Daniele Canarutto, Attya Omer Javed, Gabriele Pedrazzani, Samuele Ferrari, Luigi Naldini
Introduction In haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from a healthy donor replace the patient’s ones. Ex vivo HSC gene therapy (HSC-GT) is a form of HSCT in which HSCs, usually from an autologous source, are genetically modified before infusion, to generate a progeny of gene-modified cells. In HSCT and HSC-GT, chemotherapy is administered before infusion
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Long COVID: what is known and what gaps need to be addressed Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Benjamin Krishna, Mark Wills, Nyaradzai Sithole
Introduction Long COVID is a chronic condition that follows after acute COVID-19 and is characterized by a wide range of persistent, cyclic symptoms. Sources of data PubMed search for publications featuring ‘Long COVID’ or ‘post-acute sequelae of COVID-19’. Areas of agreement Long COVID occurs frequently post-acute COVID-19, with a majority of people experiencing at least one symptom (such as cough
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Placing joint hypermobility in context: traits, disorders and syndromes Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Silvia Morlino, Marco Castori
Background Joint hypermobility (JHM) is a common physical trait. It may occur alone or in combination with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain, outside or within more complex phenotypes. Hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) are diagnosed in individuals with JHM and related MSK pain, when an alternative diagnosis cannot be identified. Conversely, the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) encompasses a group of rare
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The SSS revolution in fungal diagnostics: speed, simplicity and sensitivity Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-17 Jacob Baker, David W Denning
Introduction Fungal disease has historically presented a diagnostic challenge due to its often non-specific clinical presentations, relative infrequency and reliance on insensitive and time-intensive fungal culture. Sources of data We present the recent developments in fungal diagnostics in the fields of serological and molecular diagnosis for the most clinically relevant pathogens; developments that
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Management of transient bone osteoporosis: a systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-17 Filippo Migliorini, Gianluca Vecchio, Christian David Weber, Daniel Kämmer, Andreas Bell, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Transient bone osteoporosis (TBO) is characterized by persistent pain, loss of function, no history of trauma and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of bone marrow edema. Source of data PubMed, Google scholar, EMABSE and Web of Science were accessed in February 2023. No time constrains were used for the search. Areas of agreement TBO is rare and misunderstood, typically affecting
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COVID-19 infection in people living with HIV Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Jacob Brolly, David R Chadwick
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are intersecting pandemics, with implications for care at an individual and global scale. Sources of data PubMed search with relevant articles and their references reviewed. Areas of agreement COVID-19 has changed the delivery of care to people living with HIV (PLWH). Vaccines are efficacious and safe for PLWH; patient
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Drug repurposing for COVID-19: current evidence from randomized controlled adaptive platform trials and living systematic reviews Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Yolanda Augustin, Henry M Staines, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Peter G Kremsner, Sanjeev Krishna
Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in a race to develop effective treatments largely through drug repurposing via adaptive platform trials on a global scale. Drug repurposing trials have focused on potential antiviral therapies aimed at preventing viral replication, anti-inflammatory agents, antithrombotic agents and immune modulators through a number of adaptive
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RNA therapeutics for neurological diseases Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-05-21 Ilaria Brentari, Mariia Zadorozhna, Michela Alessandra Denti, Elisa Giorgio
Introduction Ribonucleic acid (RNA) therapeutics are a new class of drugs whose importance is highlighted by the growing number of molecules in the clinic. Sources of data We focus on RNA therapeutics for neurogenetic disorders, which are broadly defined as diseases with a genetic background and with at least one clinical sign affecting the nervous system. A systematic search identified 14 RNA drugs
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Whole-body cryotherapy as a treatment for chronic medical conditions? Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Hanna Tabisz, Aleksandra Modlinska, Sławomir Kujawski, Joanna Słomko, Pawel Zalewski
Introduction Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is a controlled exposure of the whole body to cold to gain health benefits. In recent years, data on potential applications of WBC in multiple clinical settings have emerged. Sources of data PubMed, EBSCO and Clinical Key search using keywords including terms ‘whole body’, ‘cryotherapy’ and ‘cryostimulation’. Areas of agreement WBC could be applied as adjuvant
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Optimizing lipid management—impact of the COVID 19 pandemic upon cardiovascular risk in England Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Julia L Newton, Joseph Hamed, Helen Williams, Matt Kearney, Alison M Metcalfe, Gary A Ford
Background We sought to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lipid-lowering therapy prescribing as a potential cause of the excess cardiovascular mortality seen post-pandemic in England. We examined temporal changes over 3 years in the prescribing of high-intensity and non-high-intensity statin therapy and ezetimibe. Sources of data We utilized data available via the National Health Service
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Stem cells and discogenic back pain Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Luca Miranda, Marco Quaranta, Francesco Oliva, Nicola Maffulli
Background Chronic low back pain, common from the sixth decade, negatively impacts the quality of life of patients and health care systems. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced in the management of degenerative discogenic pain. The present study summarizes the current knowledge on the effectiveness of MSCs in patients with discogenic back pain. Sources of data We performed a
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Ethical challenges and principles in integrated care Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-26 Alex McKeown
Introduction Integrated care is an established approach to delivery in parts of the healthcare infrastructure, and an ideal which, it is claimed, should be realized system-wide. Its ethical weight derives from its defence of a view about how healthcare ought to operate. Although the goal of integration is laudable, it is ethically and practically complex, involving trade-offs. Sources of data Considerable
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Management of complex regional pain syndrome in trauma and orthopaedic surgery—a systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-26 Abdel Saed, Greg Neal-Smith, Scott Fernquest, Jonathan Bourget-Murray, Alexander Wood
Introduction Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a neurological pain disorder that is challenging to diagnose and manage, resulting in increased morbidity and costs. It most commonly occurs following traumatic injury, such as a fracture, crush injury or surgery. Recent research has evaluated the efficacy of treatments which have contradicted previous hypotheses. This systematic review summarizes
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Methods of assessing value for money of UK-based early childhood public health interventions: a systematic literature review. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Peter Murphy,Sebastian Hinde,Helen Fulbright,Louise Padgett,Gerry Richardson
INTRODUCTION Economic evaluation has an important role to play in the demonstration of value for money of early childhood public health interventions; however, concerns have been raised regarding their consistent application and relevance to commissioners. This systematic review of the literature therefore aims to collate the breadth of the existing economic evaluation evidence of these interventions
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Loneliness—a clinical primer Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 Zohar Lederman
Introduction loneliness is prevalent worldwide. It is also associated with an increased risk for depression, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, stroke and early death. As such, loneliness is a major public health issue. This paper summarizes the salient points clinicians should know and encourages clinicians to assume an active part in the identification, mitigation and prevention of loneliness
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Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett
Introduction In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus. Sources of data Pubmed search. Areas of agreement The virology, epidemiology, transmission, incubation and aspects of infection control are described. Clinical features of previous and current
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Children and bioethics: clarifying consent and assent in medical and research settings Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-02 Merle Spriggs
Introduction The concept of consent in the pediatric setting is complex and confusing. Clinicians and researchers want to know whose consent they should obtain, when a child can provide independent consent and how that is determined. The aim of this article is to establish what produces the justification to proceed with medical or research interventions involving children and the role of consent in
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Micro RNA in meniscal ailments: current concepts Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Filippo Migliorini, Gianluca Vecchio, Riccardo Giorgino, Jörg Eschweiler, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that act primarily in posttranscriptional gene silencing, and are attracting increasing interest in musculoskeletal conditions. Source of data Current scientific literature published in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase and Web of Science databases. Areas of agreement Recently, the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment
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Implementing brief and low-intensity psychological interventions for children and young people with internalizing disorders: a rapid realist review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Anna Roach, Sophie Cullinan, Roz Shafran, Isobel Heyman, Sophie Bennett
Introduction Many children fail to receive the mental health treatments they need, despite strong evidence demonstrating efficacy of brief and low-intensity psychological interventions. This review identifies the barriers and facilitators to their implementation. Sources of Data PsycInfo, EMBASE and Medline were searched and a systematic approach to data extraction using Normalization Process Theory
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Slowing down or returning to normal? Life expectancy improvements in Britain compared to five large European countries before the COVID-19 pandemic Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-29 Jon Minton, Lucinda Hiam, Martin McKee, Danny Dorling
Introduction or background Life expectancy is an important summary measure of population health. In the absence of a significant event like war or disease outbreak, trends should, and historically have, increase over time, albeit with some fluctuations. Sources of data Data were extracted from the human mortality database for life expectancy at birth and age 65 years from 1980 to the latest available
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Return to sport or work following surgical management of scapholunate ligament injury: a systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-02 Mei Yen Liew, Lewis A Dingle, Abi Semple, Philippa A Rust
Introduction This systematic review aims to compare the rate and time to return to sport or work following surgical interventions for isolated scapholunate ligament (SLL) injury. Sources of data A PRISMA-compliant systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, AMED, CINAHL Plus and SPORTDiscus was performed using keywords ‘scapholunate’, ‘scapholunate ligament’, ‘scaphoid lunate’, ‘sport’, ‘sport
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Knee osteoarthritis, joint laxity and PROMs following conservative management versus surgical reconstruction for ACL rupture: a meta-analysis Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Filippo Migliorini, Francesco Oliva, Joerg Eschweiler, Ernesto Torsiello, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Patients whose rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be managed conservatively or undergo reconstruction surgery. Source of data Current scientific literature published in Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus. Areas of agreement Several studies published by July 2022 compare surgical and conservative management following ACL rupture. The latest evidence suggests that surgical
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Cancer survivors and adverse work outcomes: associated factors and supportive interventions. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Angela G E M de Boer,Astrid de Wind,Pieter Coenen,Fenna van Ommen,Michiel A Greidanus,Amber D Zegers,Saskia F A Duijts,Sietske J Tamminga
INTRODUCTION The number of cancer survivors in a working age is rising. An awareness of factors associated with adverse work outcomes, and of supportive interventions, is needed. SOURCES OF DATA A narrative review of research obtained via several databases, including Medline and PsycINFO, was conducted. AREAS OF AGREEMENT A range of factors is associated with adverse work outcomes such as prolonged
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Does femoroacetabular impingement syndrome affect range of motion? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Davide Bruno Albertoni,Silvia Gianola,Silvia Bargeri,Ilda Hoxhaj,Alice Munari,Nicola Maffulli,Greta Castellini
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) affect hip range of motion (ROM). SOURCES OF DATA We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis searching six electronic databases from inception to March 21, 2022. We included studies assessing hip ROM in FAIS, FAI morphology without symptoms (FAIm), and healthy controls. Mean differences between groups were measured
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A review of COVID vaccines: success against a moving target. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 S H Chong,L A Burn,T K M Cheng,I S Warr,J C Kenyon
BACKGROUND Multiple vaccine platforms against COVID-19 have been developed and found safe and efficacious at a record speed. Although most are effective, they vary in their ease of production and distribution, their potential speed of modification against new variants, and their durability of protection and safety in certain target groups. SOURCES OF DATA Our discussion is based on published reports
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The use of long head biceps tendon autograft for massive rotator cuff tears: a PRISMA compliant systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-16 Rocco Aicale, Nicola Poeta, Eugenio Savarese, Giulio Bernardini, Francesco Oliva, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Rotator cuff tears (RCT) are a common cause of shoulder pain and disability, with massive RCT accounting for 10–40% of all rotator cuff tears. Sources of data A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was performed up to August 2022, and a total of 17 scientific articles were included in the present PRISMA compliant systematic review. Areas of agreement Understanding
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Surgical controversies and current concepts in Lisfranc injuries. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Raju Ahluwalia,Grace Yip,Martinus Richter,Nicola Maffulli
INTRODUCTION Lisfranc injuries, not as rare as previously reported, range from ligamentous to complex fracture-dislocations. Anatomical studies have identified a complex of discrete structures, and defined the anatomical characteristics of the Lisfranc joint. SOURCES OF DATA A narrative evidence-based review encompassed and analyzed published systematic reviews. Outcomes included clinical and surgical
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Workplace exposure to UV radiation and strategies to minimize cancer risk Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-08-16 J W Cherrie, M P C Cherrie
Background Workplace exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) causes malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The evidence for beneficial effects of solar UV exposure in reducing the risks for other cancers is increasing. The intensity of UV radiation at the Earth’s surface is dependent on latitude, but even in northern European countries exposure can be high enough for outdoor work to cause skin
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Late offspring effects of antenatal thyroid screening Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Grigorios Panagiotou, Peter N Taylor, D Aled Rees, Onyebuchi E Okosieme
Background Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy is associated with adverse offspring outcomes and recent birth-cohort studies suggest that even mild degrees of thyroid dysfunction may be linked with a range of late cognitive and behavioural effects in childhood and adolescence. Sources of data This review summarizes recent literature of observational studies and critically appraises randomized controlled
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British medical bulletin article: resourcing of palliative and end of life care in the UK during the Covid-19 pandemic Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-06 Mark Jackson
Introduction Covid-19 led to a sustained increase in deaths in all four United Kingdom nations, placing strain on the UK’s palliative and end-of-life care sector and raising concerns about the long-term sustainability of the sector’s funding and resourcing model in the face of rising demand for these services in the coming decades. Sources of data Published research, Marie Curie, King’s College London
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Antiresorptive treatments for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-09-22 Filippo Migliorini,Giorgia Colarossi,Jörg Eschweiler,Francesco Oliva,Arne Driessen,Nicola Maffulli
INTRODUCTION Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis (CIO) is the most common type of secondary osteoporosis, leading to fractures, and increased morbidity and mortality. SOURCE OF DATA Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Prolonged glucocorticoids administration leads to secondary osteoporosis. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY The optimal management for CIO is controversial. GROWING
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Efficacy and safety of drugs used for 'assisted dying'. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-09 Ana Worthington,Ilora Finlay,Claud Regnard
BACKGROUND 'Assisted dying' is practiced in some European countries and US states. Legislation suggests that there exists an easily prescribed drug which consistently brings about death quickly and painlessly. Evidence from jurisdictions where 'assisted dying' is practiced, however, reveals that hastening patient death is not so simple. SOURCES OF DATA This report is a collation of assisted suicide
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Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System (LARS) synthetic graft for PCL reconstruction: systematic review and meta-analysis Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-30 Filippo Migliorini, Andrea Pintore, Gianluca Vecchio, Francesco Oliva, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Several strategies are available for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction. Source of data Recently published literature in PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase databases. Areas of agreement The Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System (LARS) is a scaffold type artificial ligament, which has been widely used for ligament reconstruction of the knee. Areas of controversy Current evidence
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Small interfering RNAs in the management of human rheumatoid arthritis Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-24 Giuseppe Gargano, Francesco Oliva, Antonio Oliviero, Nicola Maffulli
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has unclear pathogenesis, but the molecules that feed its inflammatory state are known. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are useful to identify molecular targets and evaluate the efficacy of specific drugs, and can themselves be used for therapeutic purposes. Sources of data A systematic search of different databases to March 2022 was performed to define the role
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Hamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone, quadriceps and peroneus longus tendon autografts for primary isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-09 Filippo Migliorini,Andrea Pintore,Gianluca Vecchio,Francesco Oliva,Frank Hildebrand,Nicola Maffulli
INTRODUCTION Several autografts are available to reconstruct the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). SOURCE OF DATA Current scientific literature published in PubMed, Google scholar, Embase and Scopus. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Hamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), quadriceps and peroneus longus (PLT) are the most common tendon autografts used for primary isolated PCL reconstruction. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
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Doctor, I fractured my ankle. When can I return to play? An updated systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-04-20 Amit Sinha, Greg Robertson, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Ankle fractures in sport are common. Their optimal management is unclear, as is when patients can return to their sports activities. This systematic review provides a contemporary assessment of the literature on return to sports following acute traumatic ankle fractures managed both operatively and non-operatively. Sources of data We systematically searched Pubmed, Google Scholar, the
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Tackling organ donation among minority ethnic communities in the UK-a whole systems approach. Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-09 Gurch Randhawa,Dale Gardiner
INTRODUCTION There are inequalities experienced by minority ethnic groups in the UK in organ donation and transplant services, with significant variation in relation to demand for, access to and waiting times for these services. SOURCES OF DATA A narrative review of research obtained via several databases, including PubMed and Medline, was conducted. AREAS OF AGREEMENT A vision of equity and inclusion
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Why are women with polycystic ovary syndrome obese? Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-02-25 T M Barber
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition characterized by reproductive, hyperandrogenic and dysmetabolic features, and often becomes clinically manifest during adolescence, particularly with weight-gain. Sources of data Pubmed search. Areas of agreement PCOS is heritable and closely associates with obesity (based on data from both epidemiological and genetic studies). Furthermore
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Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (mACI) versus autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) for chondral defects of the knee: a systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-26 Filippo Migliorini, Jörg Eschweiler, Christian Götze, Arne Driessen, Markus Tingart, Nicola Maffulli
Introduction Chondral defects of the knee are common and their treatment is challenging. Source of data PubMed, Google scholar, Embase and Scopus databases. Areas of agreement Both autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) and membrane-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (mACI) have been used to manage chondral defects of the knee. Areas of controversy It is debated whether AMIC and mACI
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‘The WOW factors’: comparing workforce organization and well-being for doctors, nurses, midwives and paramedics in England Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-25 Cath Taylor, Karen Mattick, Daniele Carrieri, Anna Cox, Jill Maben
Background High rates of poor mental health in healthcare staff threatens the quality and sustainability of healthcare delivery. Multi-factorial causes include the nature and structure of work. We conducted a critical review of UK NHS (England) data pertaining to: doctors, nurses, midwives and paramedics. Sources of data Key demographic, service architecture (structural features of work) and well-being
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From the archive Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-16 Vetter N.
The British Medical Bulletin (BMB) has an extensive archive dating back to 1943. Each quarter, the journal publishes a paper from that archive. This quarter, I thought it would be interesting to look at ‘On the place of physical treatment in Psychiatry’ that is written by Aubrey Lewis. This is an overview of some of the more hair-raising ‘shock treatments’ meted out to people with psychiatric disorders
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Translational aspects of novel findings in genetics of male infertility—status quo 2021 and diagnosis and epidemiology of winged scapula in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2021-12-16 Vetter N.
These important subjects have been chosen to have free online access. The British Medical Bulletin website has a section to celebrate its amazing archive and details of the Nobel Prize winners who wrote for the Bulletin and went on to win the accolade. It also has information on which reviews have been most widely cited and information about the OUP blog which often has input from the Bulletin authors
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Rotational head acceleration and traumatic brain injury in combat sports: a systematic review Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-05 Kabir Singh Lota, Nikos Malliaropoulos, Wiesław Blach, Takeshi Kamitani, Akira Ikumi, Vasileios Korakakis, Nicola Maffulli
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in combat sports is relatively common, and rotational acceleration (RA) is a strong biomechanical predictor of TBI. This review summarizes RA values generated from head impacts in combat sport and puts them in the context of present evidence regarding TBI thresholds. Sources of data PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched from
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Considerations for the implementation of machine learning into acute care settings Br. Med. Bull. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-04 Andrew Bishara, Elijah H Maze, Mervyn Maze
Introduction Management of patients in the acute care setting requires accurate diagnosis and rapid initiation of validated treatments; therefore, this setting is likely to be an environment in which cognitive augmentation of the clinician’s provision of care with technology rooted in artificial intelligence, such as machine learning (ML), is likely to eventuate. Sources of data PubMed and Google Scholar