Inverse wave problems (IWPs) amount in non-linear optimization problems where a certain distance between a state variable and some observations of a wavefield is to be minimized. Additionally, we require the state variable to be the solution of a model equation that involves a set of parameters to be optimized. Typical approaches to solve IWPs includes the adjoint method, which generates a sequence

This study presents an experimental investigation of the recently established generalized linear sampling method (GLSM) (Pourahmadian etal 2017 Inverse Problems 33 055007) for non-destructive evaluation of damage in elastic materials. To this end, ultrasonic shear waves are generated in a prismatic slab of charcoal granite featuring a discontinuity interface induced by the three-point bending (3PB)

We consider phaseless inverse scattering for the multidimensional Schrdinger equation with unknown potential v using the method of known background scatterers. In particular, in dimension d ⩾ 2, we show that |f 1|2 at high energies uniquely determines v via explicit formulas, where f 1 is the scattering amplitude for v + w 1, w 1 is an a priori known nonzero background scatterer, under the condition

We study how to apply the enclosure method to reconstruct an unknown inclusion within a medium in a domain in which satisfies the conductivity equation ∇ ⋅ ((σ 0 + iɛ 0)∇u) = 0 with σ 0 and ɛ 0 being real matrix functions. Motivated by some real world applications, we assume the unknown inclusion satisfies an equation of the more general form , where σ, ɛ, ζ are also real matrix functions. Due to the

The photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a hybrid modality that combines the optics and acoustics to obtain high resolution and high contrast imaging of heterogeneous media. In this work, our objective is to study the inverse problem in the quantitative step of PAT which aims to reconstruct the optical coefficients of the governing radiative transport equation from the ultrasound measurements. In our

In this work we consider numerical efficiency and convergence rates for solvers of non-convex multi-penalty formulations when reconstructing sparse signals from noisy linear measurements. We extend an existing approach, based on reduction to an augmented single-penalty formulation, to the non-convex setting and discuss its computational intractability in large-scale applications. To circumvent this

In the present paper, we devote our effort to a nonlinear inverse problem for simultaneously recovering the potential function and the fractional orders in a multi-term time-fractional diffusion equation from the noisy boundary Cauchy data in the one-dimensional case. The uniqueness for the inverse problem is derived based on the analytic continuation, the Laplace transformation and the Gel’fand–Levitan

Dynamical systems, for instance in model predictive control, often contain unknown parameters, which must be determined during system operation. Online, or on-the-fly, parameter identification methods are therefore necessary. The challenge of online methods is that one must continuously estimate parameters as experimental data becomes available. The existing techniques in the context of time-dependent

We consider Caldern’s inverse inclusion problem of recovering the shape of an anomalous inhomogeneity embedded in a homogeneous conductivity by the associated electric boundary measurements. It is a longstanding problem whether one can establish the unique recovery result by a single boundary measurement. In several existing works, it is shown that corner singularities can help to resolve the problem

This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of reconstructing the location and shape of buried obstacles in the lower half-space of an unbounded two-layered medium in two dimensions from phaseless far-field data. Similarly to the homogenous background medium case, for this problem it is also true that the modulus of the far-field pattern is invariant under translations of the scattering obstacle

The reconstruction of the structure of biological tissue using electromyographic (EMG) data is a non-invasive imaging method with diverse medical applications. Mathematically, this process is an inverse problem. Furthermore, EMG data are highly sensitive to changes in the electrical conductivity that describes the structure of the tissue. Modeling the inevitable measurement error as a stochastic quantity

We consider the decomposition of bounded linear operators on Hilbert spaces in terms of functions forming frames. Similar to the singular-value decomposition, the resulting frame decompositions encode information on the structure and ill-posedness of the problem and can be used as the basis for the design and implementation of efficient numerical solution methods. In contrast to the singular-value

Compton scattering tomography is an emerging scanning technique with attractive applications in several fields such as non-destructive testing and medical imaging. In this paper, we study a modality in three dimensions that employs a fixed source and a single detector moving on a spherical surface. We also study the Radon transform modeling the data that consists of integrals on toric surfaces. Using

We treat an inverse electrical conductivity problem which deals with the reconstruction of nonlinear electrical conductivity starting from boundary measurements in steady currents operations. In this framework, a key role is played by the Monotonicity Principle, which establishes a monotonic relation connecting the unknown material property to the (measured) Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator (DtN). Monotonicity

We consider the quasilinear 1D inverse heat convection problem of determining the enthalpy-dependent heat fluxes from noisy internal enthalpy measurements. This problem arises in the accelerated cooling process of producing thermomechanically controlled processed heavy plates made of steel. In order to adjust the complex microstructure of the underlying material, the Leidenfrost behavior of the hot

In this work, we introduce a novel estimator of the predictive risk with Poisson data, when the loss function is the Kullback–Leibler divergence, in order to define a regularization parameter’s choice rule for the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. To this aim, we prove a Poisson counterpart of the Stein’s Lemma for Gaussian variables, and from this result we derive the proposed estimator showing

We study in this paper the inverse problem for the dynamical convection–diffusion equation. More precisely, we set logarithmic stability estimates in the determination of the two time-dependent first-order convection term and the scalar potential appearing in the heat equation. The observations here are taken only on an arbitrary open subset of the boundary and are given by a partial Dirichlet-to-Neumann

Regularisation theory in Banach spaces, and non-norm-squared regularisation even in finite dimensions, generally relies upon Bregman divergences to replace norm convergence. This is comparable to the extension of first-order optimisation methods to Banach spaces. Bregman divergences can, however, be somewhat suboptimal in terms of descriptiveness. Using the concept of (strong) metric subregularity

Identifying a low-dimensional informed parameter subspace offers a viable path to alleviating the dimensionality challenge in the sampled-based solution to large-scale Bayesian inverse problems. This paper introduces a novel gradient-based dimension reduction method in which the informed subspace does not depend on the data. This permits online–offline computational strategy where the expensive low-dimensional

We study weighted total least squares problems on infinite dimensional spaces. We present some necessary and sufficient conditions for the regularized problem to have a solution. The existence of solution can also be assured for the regularized minimization problem with a constraint to special subsets. Furthermore, we show that a regularization in infinite dimensional total least squares problems is

In this paper, we deal with the inverse problem of the shape reconstruction of inclusions in elastic bodies. The main idea of this reconstruction is based on the monotonicity property of the Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator presented in a former article of the authors. Thus, we introduce the so-called standard as well as linearized monotonicity tests in order to detect and reconstruct inclusions. In addition

In this paper, we propose an inexact Newton regularization combined with two-point gradient methods for nonlinear ill-posed problems. The basic idea of the proposed method is to linearize the equation around each outer iteration and subsequently apply a so-called two-point gradient method in the inner loop to accelerate the iterative process. Under suitable assumptions, we show that the iteration sequence

In this article we propose and analyze a nonstationary iterated Tikhonov Kaczmarz (iTK) type method for obtaining stable approximate solutions to systems of ill-posed equations modeled by linear operators acting between Hilbert spaces. We generalize for the iTK iteration the criteria proposed in [5] for the iterated Tikhonov method. The goal is to devise an efficient strategy for choosing the Lagrange

We consider reconstructing multi-channel images from measurements performed by photon-counting and energy-discriminating detectors in the setting of multi-spectral x-ray computed tomography (CT). Our aim is to exploit the strong structural correlation that is known to exist between the channels of multi-spectral CT images. To that end, we adopt the multi-channel Potts prior to jointly reconstruct all

Our goal is to solve the inverse source problem of thermo- and photoacoustic tomography, with data registered on an open surface partially surrounding the source of acoustic waves. The proposed modified time reversal algorithm recovers the source term up to an infinitely smooth error term. Similarly to (Eller M et al 2020 Inverse Problems 36 085012), numerical simulations show that the error term is

The damped wave equation with the attenuation proportional to velocity is ubiquitous in science and engineering and a common situation is when the attenuation depends on frequency. The usual way to incorporate this effect is to introduce fractional order derivatives either as a replacement for u t or as modifier through a spatial component with space fractional derivatives. Models for these are very

This paper is concerned with the inverse random source problem for a stochastic time fractional diffusion equation, where the source is assumed to be driven by a Gaussian random field. The direct problem is shown to be well-posed by examining the well-posedness and regularity of the solution for the equivalent stochastic two-point boundary value problem in the frequency domain. For the inverse problem

When solving ill-posed inverse problems, a good choice of the prior is critical for the computation of a reasonable solution. A common approach is to include a Gaussian prior, which is defined by a mean vector and a symmetric and positive definite covariance matrix, and to use iterative projection methods to solve the corresponding regularized problem. However, a main challenge for many of these iterative

We present a new nonlinear optimization approach for the sparse reconstruction of single-photon absorption and two-photon absorption coefficients in the photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT). This framework comprises of minimizing an objective functional involving a least squares fit of the interior pressure field data corresponding to two boundary source functions, where the absorption coefficients

We present a review of methods for optimal experimental design (OED) for Bayesian inverse problems governed by partial differential equations with infinite-dimensional parameters. The focus is on problems where one seeks to optimize the placement of measurement points, at which data are collected, such that the uncertainty in the estimated parameters is minimized. We present the mathematical foundations

The inverse problem of recovering the potential q(x) in the damped wave equation , (x, t) ∈ Ω T ≔ (0, ℓ) (0, T) subject to the boundary conditions u(0, t) = ν(t), u(ℓ, t) = 0, from the Neumann boundary measured output f(t) ≔ r(0)u x (0, t), t ∈ (0, T] is studied. The approach proposed in this paper allows us to derive behavior of the direct problem solution in the subdomains defined by characteristics

We consider the time-harmonic Maxwell system in a domain with a generalized impedance edge-corner, namely the presence of two generalized impedance planes that intersect at an edge. The impedance parameter can be 0, ∞ or a finite non-identically vanishing function. We establish an accurate relationship between the vanishing order of the solutions to the Maxwell system and the dihedral angle of the

In this work, we formulate a projected Bouligand–Landweber iteration for non-smooth ill-posed problems. The approach is a combination of Bouligand–Landweber iteration and the projection onto stripes the width of which is controlled by both the noise level and the structure of the operator. Since the forward mapping is not Frchet differentiable, the convergence analysis will be based on the concept

We consider the dynamical system with boundary control for the vector Schrdinger equation on the interval with a non-self-adjoint matrix potential. For this system, we study the inverse problem of recovering the matrix potential from the dynamical Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator. We first provide a method to recover spectral data for the Schrdinger system and consequently prove controllability of the

The robust tensor recovery problem consists in reconstructing a tensor from a sample of entries corrupted by noise, which has attracted great interest in a wide range of practical situations such as image processing and computer vision. In this paper, we study robust tensor recovery for third-order tensors with different degradations, which aims to recover a tensor from partial observations corrupted

Ultrasound tomography (UST) has seen a revival of interest in the past decade, especially for breast imaging, due to improvements in both ultrasound and computing hardware. In particular, three-dimensional UST, a fully tomographic method in which the medium to be imaged is surrounded by ultrasound transducers, has become feasible. This has led to renewed attention on UST image reconstruction algorithms

In this article we are concerned with an inverse initial boundary value problem for a non-linear wave equation in space dimension n ⩾ 2. In particular we consider the so called interior determination problem. This non-linear wave equation has a trivial solution, i.e. zero solution. By linearizing this equation at the trivial solution, we have the usual linear wave equation with a time independent potential

Image deblurring is a notoriously challenging ill-posed inverse problem. In recent years, a wide variety of approaches have been proposed based upon regularization at the level of the image or on techniques from machine learning. In this article, we adapt the principal of maximum entropy on the mean (MEM) to both deconvolution of general images and point spread function estimation (blind deblurring)

This paper is concerned with an inverse random source problem for the one-dimensional stochastic Helmholtz equation with attenuation. The source is assumed to be a microlocally isotropic Gaussian random field with its covariance operator being a classical pseudo-differential operator. The random sources under consideration are equivalent to the generalized fractional Gaussian random fields which include

This paper is concerned with the introduction of Tikhonov regularization into least squares approximation scheme on [−1, 1] by orthonormal polynomials, in order to handle noisy data. This scheme includes interpolation and hyperinterpolation as special cases. With Gauss quadrature points employed as nodes, coefficients of the approximation polynomial with respect to given basis are derived in an entry-wise

In this work, we study the inverse problem of recovering a potential coefficient in the subdiffusion model, which involves a Djrbashian–Caputo derivative of order α ∈ (0, 1) in time, from the terminal data. We prove that the inverse problem is locally Lipschitz for small terminal time, under certain conditions on the initial data. This result extends the result in [6] for the standard parabolic case

Recently, a large number of efficient deep learning methods for solving inverse problems have been developed and show outstanding numerical performance. For these deep learning methods, however, a solid theoretical foundation in the form of reconstruction guarantees is missing. In contrast, for classical reconstruction methods, such as convex variational and frame-based regularization, theoretical

Ultrasound modulated bioluminescence tomography is an imaging method which can be formulated as a hybrid inverse source problem. In the regime where light propagation is modeled by a radiative transfer equation, previous approaches to this problem require large numbers of optical measurements (Bal etal 2016 SIAM J. Math. Anal. 48 1332). Here we propose an alternative solution for this inverse problem

In this article, we study Bayesian inverse problems with multi-layered Gaussian priors. The aim of the multi-layered hierarchical prior is to provide enough complexity structure to allow for both smoothing and edge-preserving properties at the same time. We first describe the conditionally Gaussian layers in terms of a system of stochastic partial differential equations. We then build the computational

Inverse medium problems involve the reconstruction of a spatially varying unknown medium from available observations by exploring a restricted search space of possible solutions. Standard grid-based representations are very general but all too often computationally prohibitive due to the high dimension of the search space. Adaptive spectral decompositions instead expand the unknown medium in a basis

We propose a new regularisation strategy for the classical ensemble Kalman inversion (EKI) framework. The strategy consists of: (i) an adaptive choice for the regularisation parameter in the update formula in EKI, and (ii) criteria for the early stopping of the scheme. In contrast to existing approaches, our parameter choice does not rely on additional tuning parameters which often have severe effects

This paper investigates the inverse reaction coefficient problem for a time dependent nonlocal diffusion equation by utilizing the nonlocal flux measurement from an accessible part of region, which is a continuation and an extension of our recent work (Zheng and Ding 2020 Inverse Problems 36 035006). The uniqueness of inverse reaction coefficient problem is proved. The variational regularization method

In this paper we consider the inverse electromagnetic scattering for a cavity surrounded by an inhomogeneous medium in three dimensions. The measurements are scattered electric fields measured on some surface inside the cavity, where such scattered electric fields are due to electric dipoles emitted on the same surface. By making use of a boundary value problem called the exterior transmission problem

This paper is concerned with an inverse source problem for the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation by a single boundary measurement at a fixed frequency. We show the uniqueness and a Lipschitz-type stability estimate under the assumption that the source function is piecewise constant on a domain which is made of a union of disjoint convex polyhedral subdomains.

We present a penalization parameter method for obstacle identification in an incompressible fluid flow for a modified version of the Oseen equations. The proposed method consists in adding a high resistance potential to the system such that some subset of its boundary support represents the obstacle. This allows to work in a fixed domain and highly simplify the solution of the inverse problem via some

In this paper, we study the solving of the gridless sparse optimization problem and its application to 3D image deconvolution. Based on the recent works of [14] introducing the sliding Frank–Wolfe algorithm to solve the Beurling LASSO problem, we introduce an accelerated algorithm, denoted BSFW, that preserves its convergence properties, while removing most of the costly local descents. Besides, as

In this work, a topology optimization procedure based on the level-set method is applied to the solution of inverse problems for acoustic wave propagation in the time-domain. In this class of inverse problems the presence of obstacles in a background medium must be identified. Obstacles and background are defined by means of a level-set function that evolves by following the solution of a reaction–diffusion

We consider the problem of reconstructing a background potential from the dynamical behavior of vortex dipole. We prove that under suitable conditions, one can uniquely reconstruct a real-analytic potential by measuring the entrance and exit positions as well as travel times between boundary points. In particular, the work removes the flatness assumption on the potential from the earlier result. A

Remote sensing radar techniques provide highly detailed imaging. Nevertheless, radar images do not offer directly retrievable representations of shape within the scene. Therefore, shape reconstruction from radar typically relies on applying post-processing computer vision techniques, originally designed for optical images, to radar imaging products. Shape reconstruction directly from raw data would

We consider the Caldern type inverse problem of recovering an isotropic quasilinear conductivity from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map when the conductivity depends on the solution and its gradient. We show that the conductivity can be recovered on an open subset of small gradients, hence extending a partial result of Muoz and Uhlmann to all real analytic conductivities. We also recover non-analytic conductivities

We consider two main inverse Sturm–Liouville problems: the problem of recovery of the potential and the boundary conditions from two spectra or from a spectral density function. A simple method for practical solution of such problems is developed, based on the transmutation operator approach, new Neumann series of Bessel functions representations for solutions and the Gelfand–Levitan equation. The

In this article, for a time-fractional diffusion-wave equation , 0 < t < T with fractional order α ∈ (1, 2), we consider the backward problem in time: determine u(⋅, t), 0 < t < T by u(⋅, T) and ∂ t u(⋅, T). We prove that there exists a countably infinite set Λ ⊂ (0, ∞) with a unique accumulation point 0 such that the backward problem is well-posed for T ∉ Λ.

This paper considers the inverse boundary value problem for the equation ∇ ⋅ (σ∇u + a|∇u| p−2∇u) = 0. We give a procedure for the recovery of the coefficients σ and a from the corresponding Dirichlet-to-Neumann map, under suitable regularity and ellipticity assumptions.

In this paper we introduce a mathematical model of the image saturation phenomenon occurring in a charged coupled device (CCD), and we propose a novel computational method for restoring saturated images acquired by the atmospheric imaging assembly (AIA) telescope. The mathematical model takes into account both primary saturation, when the photon-induced charge reaches the CCD full well capacity, and

The x-ray transform I integrates a function f on over lines: . The range characterization of the x-ray transform on the Schwartz space is well known, the main ingredient of the characterization is some system of second order differential equations that are called John’s equations. The Reshetnyak formula equates the norm to some special norm of If, it was also known before. We prove a new version of