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Multiscale 3D TransUNet-aided Tumor Segmentation and Multi-Cascaded Model for Lung Cancer Diagnosis System from 3D CT Images with Fused Feature Pool Formation Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 GILBERT langat, Beiji Zou, Xiaoyan Kui, Kevin Njagi
A deadly disease that affects people in various countries in the world is Lung Cancer (LC). The rate at which people die due to LC is high because it cannot be detected easily at its initial stage of tumor development. The lives of many people who are affected by LC are assured if it is detected in the initial stage. The diagnosis of LC is possible with conventional Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD).
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Fine-tuning MobileNetV3 with different weight optimization algorithms for classification of denoised blood cell images using convolutional neural network Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 M. Mohana Dhas, N. Suresh Singh
A novel method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to denoise the blood cell images (BCI) is proposed in this paper. CNN is a kind of deep learning technique that specializes in retrieving information from input images instantly and capability to reduce the need for expert knowledge when extracting and selecting features. Hyper parameters like activation functions can have a direct impact
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UNDERSTANDING THE BIOMECHANICAL RESPONSE OF PROGRESSIVE THREAD DENTAL IMPLANTS USING MULTI-SCALE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Arindam Chakraborty, Kalash Darshan Sahare, Santanu Majumder, Amit Roy Chowdhury
Implant osseointegration is an important factor dictating its long-term efficacy in situ. Along with various biological factors, it is greatly influenced by the mechanical stimulus at the peri-implant bone. The present study aims to understand the biomechanical response of progressive thread dental implants using multi-scale-based finite element analysis employing macro and micro models of bone. μ-CT
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EFFICIENT SEGMENTATION MODEL USING MRI IMAGES AND DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS CLASSIFICATION Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Gilbert Langat, Beiji Zou, Xiaoyan Kui, Kevin Njagi
The segmentation models employing deep learning offer successful outcomes over multiple medical image complex data resources and public data resources important for huge pathologies. During the identification of multiple sclerosis, the observation of entire tumors from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence is complex. Furthermore, it is necessary to identify the small tumors from the images
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Peridynamics simulation and influence law analysis considering rock microscopic properties Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Haoran Wang, Chengchao Guo, Wei Sun, Haibo Wang, Xiaodong Yang, Fuming Wang
The microscopic properties of rocks control the macroscopic mechanical properties and fracture behavior of rocks. Existing studies on the mechanical properties of rocks have focused on treating rock materials as homogeneous or defining material properties based on Weibull random distributions, which are unable to take into account the mineralogical components and porosity characteristics of rocks.
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A Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Constructs with Four Established Scenarios Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Nitesh Kumar Singh, Nishant Kumar Singh
Posterior lumbar interbody fusion is a common technique for decompressing the diseased spinal segment. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical effects of four PLIF scenarios. A finite element model of the L3-L4 segment was used to simulate decompression with different scenarios: S1 (PEEK cage), S2 (PEEK cage with graft), S3 (Titanium cage), and S4 (Titanium cage with graft). Range of motion,
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A NEW CRITERION FOR THE HUMAN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS CHARACTERIZATION: FINITE-ELEMENT MODELING Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 T. Zahra, Barkaoui Abdelwahed
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by the degradation of articular cartilage, is a musculoskeletal disease that occurs as the result of variations in the mechanical stress and strain applied to the knee joint. Since damaged cartilage has very poor intrinsic repair and regenerative capacity, numerical modeling complemented by experimental studies have been widely investigated to examine the causes of
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COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTION OF CARDIAC DISORDERS BY ANALYZING ECG SIGNALS USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 K. Ramesh, A. N. Duraivel, S. Lekashri, S. P. Manikandan, M. Ashokkumar
The clinical diagnosis of heart disorders relies heavily on electrocardiograms (ECGs). Numerous abnormalities in heart are being identified with a record of heart signal throughout intervals. Monitoring and diagnosing ECGs signals in daily life are appearing recently due to an increase in healthcare equipment. This paper presents a novel computational framework for detecting heart disorders by analyzing
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THERMODYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF CASSON HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A POROUS RIGA PLATE WITH SLIP EFFECT Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Himanshu Upreti, Satyaranjan R. Mishra, Alok Kumar Pandey, Pradyumna K. Pattnaik
The main objective of this work is to examine the nature of heat transfer and thermodynamics on Darcy−Forchheimer flow over porous Riga plate using Casson hybrid nanofluid. The impact of external forces, i.e., slip velocity and magnetic field are discussed for pure fluid, nanofluid, and hybrid nanofluid. The Hamilton−Crosser model of thermal conductivity is applied for the nanofluid as well as hybrid
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FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM METHOD FOR PERIDYNAMIC BAR OF PERIODIC STRUCTURE Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Valeriy A. Buryachenko
The basic feature of the peridynamics [introduced by Silling (2000)] considered is a continuum description of material behavior as the integrated nonlocal force interactions between infinitesimal material points. A heterogeneous bar of the periodic structure of constituents with peridynamic mechanical properties is analyzed. One introduces the volumetric periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) at the interaction
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ASSESSMENT OF MECHANICAL RESPONSES BETWEEN TRABECULAR BONES AND POROUS SCAFFOLDS UNDER STATIC LOADING AND FLUID FLOW CONDITIONS: A MULTISCALE APPROACH Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Parthasarathi Samanta, Surajit Kundu, Abhisek Gupta, Masud Rana, Nitesh Mondal, Amit Roy Chowdhury
A three-dimensional porous scaffold is one of the standard and evocative approaches to create a favorable biomechanical environment in tissue engineering for tissue regeneration and repair. The architectural design parameters (e.g., pore-shape, size, distribution and interconnectivity; permeability; specific surface area; etc.) of the porous model have significant influence on their mechano-biological
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MULTISCALE MECHANOBIOLOGICAL MODELING OF THE CORTICAL/SPONGY INTERFACE USING FINITE ELEMENTS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Barkaoui Abdelwahed
Recent years have seen increasing attention paid to the microarchitecture of bones. Together with bone density, it is an essential determinant of mechanical strength. Bone microarchitecture adapts to mechanical stress, as well as to age and sex effects. Furthermore, the structural properties of bone compromised by different mechanical stresses make it difficult to understand the coupling between the
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DIAGNOSIS OF KIDNEY CYST, TUMOR AND STONE FROM CT SCAN IMAGESUSING FEATURE FUSION HYPERGRAPH CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK (F2HCN2) Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 N. Sasikaladevi, S. Pradeepa, A. Revathi, S. Vimal, Ruben Gonzalez Crespo
The development of a computational tool to diagnose kidney disorders in their early stages is necessary due to the rise in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) and the global shortage of nephrologists. The three common renal disorders covered in this study are kidney stones, cysts, and tumors. Early diagnosis of these diseases from the computed tomography (CT) images is a challenging task. Yet, present graph
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ANALYZING THE PERFORMANCE OF HIP CEMENT SPACERS: INVESTIGATION OF CRACK BEHAVIOR THROUGH A MULTISCALE APPROACH Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Hichem Salah, Abdelkader Ghazi, Mohamed Mokhtar Bouziane, Abdeljalil Mankour, Ali Merdji, Bel Abbes Bachir Bouiadjra, Bahri Ould Chikh
Close collaboration between surgeons and engineers is paramount in the intricate process of designing and evaluating hip joint prostheses. In revision surgeries, cement spacers play a vital role, but their effectiveness hinges on the reinforcement of the cement, bone, and femur to minimize stress. To assess the fracture behavior of reinforced spacers, we employ a comprehensive three-dimensional approach
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INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL OR LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATE FOR FIXING A FRACTURED DISTAL TIBIA: FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ALONG WITH AN ADAPTATION MODEL Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Amir Abbas Moslehi, Gholamreza Rouhi
Intramedullary (IM) nailing and plating are two major options for the treatment of distal tibial fractures; each method has its own pros and cons. Bone loss due to IM nailing or plating can be a serious concern, which may lead to the premature failure of the implants. Thus, investigating bone remodeling in response to orthopedic implantation is of paramount importance for the purpose of designing more
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Detailed design and analysis for additive manufacturing of topologically optimised and generatively designed Ti-6Al-4V Hip Joint Implant Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Abhishek Kishor, Ramesh Gupta Burela, Ankit Gupta
In this paper, a comprehensive investigation for the design and analysis of Ti-6Al-4V hip joint implants using generative design and topology optimisation, along with Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing, has been presented. The study employed the NSGA-II genetic algorithm for generative design, enabling the generation of diverse optimised designs and topology optimisation with the
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Corrosion Prediction of Mg Implant using Multiscale Modelling based on Machine Learning Algorithms Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Santu Mondal, Rahul Samanta, Sahadeb Shit, Arindam Biswas, Atul Bandyopadhyay, Rudra Sankar Dhar, Gurudas Mandal
To improve patient outcomes and reduce the social and financial burdens associated with implant failure, ongoing research and development are essential. For that in this study, MLA has been done to predict the corrosion behavior of Mg implant. This includes advancements in implant materials, surgical techniques, infection prevention strategies, and personalized medicine approaches that consider each
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Further development of GDEM for the modelling of multi-scale dynamic response of rock subjected to blasting and impact Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Jianjun Ma, Rui Li, Chenghao Li, Junjie Chen, Yuexiang Lin, Linchong Huang
The dynamical responses of rock subjected to blasting and impact have been concerned in most underground projects. Due to the size effects and strain rate enhancement induced by inertial effects, the dynamic responses of rock and underground structures show multi-scale characteristics. Thus, in order to achieve better understanding of multi-scale dynamic responses of rocks, both computation accuracy
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3D hydro-mechanical coupling analysis of dynamic characteristics in saturated roadbed of ballastless high-speed railway Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Kaiwen Liu, Yanfei Pei, Pengfei Zhou, Bao Liu, Yang Chen, Tengfei Wang
Recent field case study shows that the roadbed of ballastless high-speed railway experienced the water induced disease such as excessive fines pumping and even local subgrade-track contact loss affecting the normal operation of high-speed train due to water immersion through gaps of waterproof materials in expansion joints between the concrete base particularly in rainy seasons. However, the study
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APPLICATION OF SKELETAL BIOMECHANICS TO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Sindhu Nachiar S, Satyanarayanan K S
The concept of green construction enables a revolutionary change in construction sector in terms of design, production, and management. One such method is introducing the concept of biomimicry. Biomimicry is utilized in the field of design to solve problems. This paper mainly discusses about the mimicking of human skeleton for structural design. The idea is mimicking humerus bone as a tension member
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MICROSCOPIC MECHANISMS OF PARTICLE SIZE EFFECT ON 2D ARCHING EFFECT DEVELOPMENT AND DEGRADATION IN GRANULAR MATERIALS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Luju Liang, Yi Pik Cheng, Changjie Xu, Gang Wei, Zhi Ding
This study carries out a series of discrete element method numerical simulations to investigates the microscopic mechanisms of arching effect development and degradation in classical two-dimensional trapdoor problem with different mean particle sizes. Both the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors of particles under the influence of arching effect are examined. The simulation results of the granular
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ASSESSING SHEAR STRENGTH OF SILICA-NASH GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITE USING MOLECULAR DYNAMIC SIMULATION Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Koochul Ji, Jongmuk Won
Alkali aluminosilicate hydrate (NASH) geopolymer has been utilized as an environmentally friendly binder to replace conventional cement-based binders for ground improvement. Because shear strength is one of the critical mechanical properties in assessing the performance of geopolymer-improved soils, this study investigated the shear strength of silica-NASH geopolymer (S-G-S) composite using molecular
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CALIBRATION METHOD OF MICROSCOPIC PARAMETERS FOR SIMILAR MATERIAL OF SURROUNDING ROCK BASED ON DEM Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Zhongdai Lei, Gonghe Wang, Zhiguo Yan
Similar materials of surrounding rock are used to simulate the rock mass in the geomechanical model test. The discrete element method has the advantage of simulating the behavior of fractures between particles at the micro-scale, which can further reveal the failure mechanism of surrounding rock in combination with the model test. However, microparameters need to be calibrated before the simulation
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Numerical analysis of suffusion behavior under cyclic loading with coupled CFD-DEM simulation Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Tuo Wang, Pei Wang, Zhen-Yu Yin
Cyclic loading has a significant effect on soil properties and seriously threatens geotechnical engineering. However, the influence of cyclic loading on the suffusion in gap-graded granular soils remains unclear up to now. In this study, systematical numerical simulations of suffusion in soil samples subjected to triaxial compression are performed with the coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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Effects of cyclic traffic loads and seawater erosion on suffusion of crushed calcareous sands Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Hao Xiong, Rui Tang, Zhen-yu Yin, Hanqing Chen, Zhimin Zhang, Yuanyi Qiu, Runqi Zhang
Calcareous sands, in contrast to ordinary terrestrial source sands, are characterized by their propensity for fragmentation. This leads to the fracturing of calcareous sands within the foundation under the impact of traffic loads. The crushed calcareous sands then experience suffusion due to cyclic wave action, potentially causing foundation settlement. However, limited research has been conducted
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Computational Biomedical Framework Using IoT and MR for Detecting, Tracking and Preventing Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 PRASANNA R, Ragupathi T, Ganesh Kumar N, Banu Priya Prathaban, Aswath S, Rajesh kanna R
This article proposes a novel biomedical system integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and Mixed Reality (MR) technologies for detecting, tracking and preventing asymptomatic COVID patients from entering into public places which prevents the further spread of COVID-19 infection. Asymptomatic patients are the very active carriers for virus transmission and the most challenging condition in mitigating
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MESOSCALE FRACTURE MODELING OF FOUR-PHASE CONCRETE USING A DEM-ENHANCED STRUCTURE GENERATION METHOD Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Hangtian Song, Ning Guo, Xudong Chen, Wenxiang Xu, Yajun Cao, Qingxiang Meng
The two-dimensional mesoscale concrete model consists of aggregates, mortar, interfacial transition zones, and pores, of which each component is not negligible. This paper proposes a new approach to generate four-phase concrete models by assigning the geometries of small pores to fine aggregates, redistributing all aggregates via the DEM packing method with periodic boundary, and removing some aggregates
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COMPLETE AND SEMI-COMPLETE EXPLICIT ALGORITHMS OF A UNIFIED CRITICAL STATE MODEL FOR OVER-CONSOLIDATED SOILS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Xiao-Wen Wang, Kai Cui, Ran Yuan
This paper presents a comparison of the performance of explicit algorithm and semi-complete explicit algorithm in the numerical implementations of an unconventional plastic model for soils. The new model, named CASM-S, is developed by incorporating the sub-loading surface theory into the standard unified clay and sand model (i.e., CASM), to enhance the prediction ability for the mechanical behavior
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A ONE-WAY COUPLED APPROACH FOR MULTISCALE CHARACTERIZATION OF FILLING OF DUAL-SCALE FIBROUS REINFORCEMENTS CONSIDERING AIR COMPRESSIBILITY AND DISSOLUTION IN LUMPED FASHION Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Andrés Benavides Arévalo, Carlos Andrés Vargas Isaza, Iván David Patiño Arcila
The filling characterization of dual-scale fibrous reinforcements is challenging due to the presence of subdomains with dissimilar permeabilities, existence of wicking effects, and combination of air compressibility and dissolution phenomena. These factors cause flow imbalances inside the representative unitary cell (RUC), which lead to void formation and influence the behavior of macroscopic field
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MULTISCALE SIMULATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC STEP BEARING WITH ULTRA-LOW CLEARANCE INVOLVING SURFACE ROUGHNESS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Chang Cao, Yongbin Zhang
The numerical calculation was carried out for the multiscale hydrodynamic step bearing with ultra-low clearance and nanoscale surface roughness based on the newly developed multiscale approach. The moving surface was assumed as perfectly smooth and the stationary surface was imposed with the sinusoidal surface roughness. Due to the surface roughness, locally the physically adsorbed boundary layer may
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COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR HUMAN DETECTION THROUGH IMPROVED ULTRA-WIDE BAND RADAR SYSTEM Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 R. Prasanna, Banu Priya Prathaban, M. Jenath, Subash Rajendran, M. Ashokkumar
This paper presents a framework for human detection using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar system and proposes a novel UWB radar antenna design with double-winding structures for radar applications. The proposed antenna achieves high gain and bandwidth, overcoming the shortcomings of Vivaldi antennas, which are the preferred antennas for radar applications. In the proposed novel design, winding structures
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HOMOGENIZATION-BASED SPACE-TIME TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF TUNABLE MICROSTRUCTURES Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 A. F. Keles, Ilker Temizer, M. Cakmakci
A topology optimization framework is developed for smart materials with tunable microstructures. The framework addresses spatial and temporal design variables in a unified setting so as to deliver the optimal periodic microstructure with stimulus-sensitive constituents. The optimal topology allows the macroscopic response of the microstructure to track a time-dependent cyclic path in the tress−strain
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DATA-PHYSICS DRIVEN REDUCED ORDER HOMOGENIZATION FOR CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS AT MULTIPLE SCALES Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Yang Yu, Jacob Fish
The paper introduces a novel approach, referred to as data-physics driven reduced order homogenization, for continuum damage mechanics. The proposed method combines the benefits of the physics-based reduced order homogenization and data-driven surrogate modeling by striking a balance between accuracy, computational efficiency, and physical interpretability. The primary objective of this hybrid approach
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Mesoscale Model for Spall in Additively Manufactured 304L Stainless Steel Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Stewart Silling, David Adams, Brittany Branch
The effect of microstructure on high-rate tensile failure in additively manufactured 304L stainless steel is analyzed. The method uses state-based peridynamics with a new model for the time dependence of failure within grains. The model incorporates anisotropy in the elastic and plastic response of the grains. The grain shapes and lattice orientations are initialized directly from EBSD images. The
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ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR COMPOSITE TRANSVERSE STRENGTH BASED ON COMPUTATIONAL MICROMECHANICS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Sagar P. Shah, Marianna Maiarù
The transverse strength of fiber-reinforced composites is a matrix-dominated property whose accurate prediction is crucial to designing and optimizing efficient, lightweight structures. State-of-the-art analytical models for composite strength predictions do not account for fiber distribution, orientation, and curing-induced residual stress that greatly influence damage initiation and failure propagation
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VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF A RAPID DESIGN TOOL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITE Y-JOINT OF THE D8 DOUBLE-BUBBLE AIRCRAFT Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Evgenia Plaka, Stephen P. Jones, Brett A. Bednarcyk, Evan J. Pineda, Richard Li, Marianna Maiaru
Polymer composite joints are critical aerospace components for reinforcing lightweight structures and achieving high eco-efficiency transportation standards. Optimizing complex structural joints is an iterative process. Fast and reliable numerical approaches are needed to overcome the runtime limitations of high-fidelity finite element (FE) modeling. This work proposes a computationally efficient approach
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UNDERWATER CHANNEL RECOVERY SCHEME IN DELAY-DOPPLER DOMAIN USING MODIFIED BASIC PURSUIT DENOISING WITH PRIOR KNOWLEDGE Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Anand Kumar, Prashant Kumar
The signal denoising problem is a major challenge in underwater communication (UWC). The denoising problem in UWC has been addressed, where channel estimation approaches are provided in terms of sparsity, time, and frequency. Convex optimization is currently widely used for recovering sparse signals from compressed data. A nonuniform sparse 2D frequency-domain channel recovery scheme in the delay-Doppler
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EVALUATION OF DISSIPATION ENERGY OF ISOTROPIC CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS MODEL WITH ADAPTIVE TIME-STEP CONTROL APPROACH Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Nianqi Liu, Zifeng Yuan
This paper proposes an algorithm to evaluate dissipation energy of an isotropic continuum damage mechanics model with an adaptive time-step control approach. The algorithm takes place at each integration point under the scope of finite element analysis. The total amount of the dissipation energy of one structure can be used to verify the conservation law of energy, where the summation of the elastic
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AN ASYMPTOTIC ELECTROSTATIC MODEL OF AN ARRAY OF MICROMIRRORS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Nguyen-Nhat-Binh Trinh, Michel Lenczner
This paper discusses a multiscale electrostatic model of a two-dimensional micromirror array. It is applicable to very large arrays with several zones of electrical actuation. The model is made with periodic solutions and four kinds of boundary layer effects at outer boundaries, interfaces between different actuation zones, and outer and inner edges. This work is done in the context of the development
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VARIATIONALLY DERIVED DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD: APPLICATION TO DYNAMIC THERMOELASTICITY Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Pinlei Chen, Arif Masud
This paper presents a variational approach for deriving discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for coupled field problems. Starting from the variational multiscale discontinuous Galerkin (VMDG) framework that is applied to the mechanical and thermal fields across embedded interfaces, an interface DG method for the coupled multifield problems is developed. Extending the interface DG to all inter-element
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MULTIBAND FLEXIBLE ULTRA-WIDEBAND ANTENNA FOR WEARABLE ELECTRONICS AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 R. Prasanna, G. Thamarai Selvi, Karuppiah Annaram, K. Venkatalakshmi, M. Jenath, Banu Priya Prathaban
This article proposes a flexible ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna for wearable electronics and biomedical applications. The antenna presented for this work is fabricated on a Kapton polyimide (PI) substrate, and the operating frequency ranges from 2.4 GHz to 7.1 GHz. The footprint of the proposed antenna is 35 × 45 mm with an elliptical radiating element fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW), which achieves
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DEVELOPMENT OF COARSE-GRAINED MODELS OF LIQUID WATER BY DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SIMULATING ACOUSTIC VIBRATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES IN AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Zhenwei Yu, Yong Gan, Yonggang Shen
Molecular-level simulation can effectively complement continuum analysis for the study on the damping mechanisms of acoustic vibrations of nanostructures in aqueous environment, which is central to the applications of nanostructures in high-sensitivity sensing and detection. It is highly desirable to develop coarse-grained (CG) water models that can accurately reproduce the density, compressibility
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CROSS-SCALE MODELING OF LIQUID FLOWS IN HUMAN BODIES Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Mian Wang, Yongbin Zhang
Multiple modeling approaches to liquid flows in human bodies are reviewed. They span from the macroscale size > 1 mm to the nanoscale size only on the 1 nm scale. They can respectively model the flows of the blood in large arteries, small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries; and the flows of water through the nanopores of the capillary wall, the cellular membrane, and the cellular connexon. They
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ADAPTIVE PHASE-FIELD CONCURRENT MULTISCALE METHOD FOR EFFICIENT SIMULATION OF QUASI-BRITTLE FRACTURE Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Bangke Ren, Hehua Zhu
An adaptive phase-field concurrent multiscale method for efficient simulation of quasi-brittle fracture is presented. In this method, the analysis model is first subjected to coarse mesh discretization and the corresponding damage phase field calculation analysis. Then, adaptive dynamic local mesh refinement is performed for the coarse scale elements exceeding the given damage threshold during the
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PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING HIGHER-ORDER 1D FINITE ELEMENTS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Manish H. Nagaraj, M. Maiaru
The present work investigates progressive damage in steel-reinforced concrete structures. An elastic-perfectly plastic material response is considered for the reinforcing steel constituent, while the smeared-crack approach is applied to model the nonlinear behavior of concrete. The analysis employs one-dimensional numerical models based on higher-order finite elements derived using the Carrera unified
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EQUIVARIANT GEOMETRIC LEARNING FOR DIGITAL ROCK PHYSICS: ESTIMATING FORMATION FACTOR AND EFFECTIVE PERMEABILITY TENSORS FROM MORSE GRAPH Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Chen Cai, Nikolaos Vlassis, Lucas Magee, Ran Ma, Zeyu Xiong, Bahador Bahmani, Teng-Fong Wong, Yusu Wang, WaiChing Sun
We present a SE(3)-equivariant graph neural network (GNN) approach that directly predicts the formation factor and effective permeability from micro-CT images. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) solvers are established to compute both the formation factor and effective permeability, while the topology and geometry of the pore space are represented by a persistence-based Morse graph. Together, they constitute
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PREDICTIVE MODELING OF INORGANIC 3C-SiC FRICTION MATERIALS USING MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Yizhan Zhang, Cortney LeNeave, Yun-Bo Yi
Metallic friction materials currently used in industry may adversely impact the environment. Substitutions for metals in friction materials, on the other hand, can introduce operational safety issues and other unforeseeable problems such as thermal-mechanical instabilities. In this work, a molecular dynamics model has been developed for investigating the effects of material composition, density, and
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DESIGNING OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF GYROID SCAFFOLD ARCHITECTURE TO ACHIEVE PATIENT-SPECIFIC OSSEOINTEGRATION FRIENDLY MECHANICAL ENVIRONMENT Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Abhisek Gupta, Masud Rana, Nitesh Mondal, Apurba Das, Amit Karmakar, Amit Roy Chowdhury
Porous three-dimensional scaffolds provide a favorable environment for the regeneration of tissues and organs to recover the injured tissue in terms of structure and biological function. Proper design of scaffold architecture is a crucial factor for tissue engineering. The mechanical properties and performance of the scaffold depend on the scaffold architecture, material, and geometry. In this study
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MULTISCALE HYDRODYNAMICS IN INCLINED FIXED PAD THRUST SLIDER BEARING WITH INHOMOGENEOUS SURFACES Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Chen Huang, Yongbin Zhang
For two different and inhomogeneous surfaces, the flow equations for multiscale hydrodynamics involving the boundary layer flows are different from those for two identical and homogenous surfaces. The analysis is presented for the hydrodynamic inclined fixed pad thrust slider bearing with two different and inhomogenous surfaces with low bearing clearances, where both the adsorbed boundary layer flows
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ON TWINNING-MEDIATED VOID GROWTH IN HEXAGONAL CRYSTALS Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Padmeya P. Indurkar, Shailendra P. Joshi, A. Amine Benzerga
Aspects of plastic anisotropy in damage accumulation are considered for a class of hexagonal crystals that deform by combined slip and twinning. Focus is placed on crystallographic aspects that are currently absent from constitutive formulations of ductile damage. To this end, three-dimensional finite-element calculations are carried out using a cubic unit cell containing a single void embedded in
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MULTISCALE MODELING OF HYDROGEN-AFFECTED CRACK TIP DAMAGE USING FULLY COUPLED CHEMO-MECHANICAL CRYSTAL PLASTICITY FRAMEWORK FOR AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Theodore Zirkle, Ting Zhu, David L. McDowell
Hydrogen embrittlement is a long-standing issue in engineering structural applications with a multitude of competing hypotheses and theories. Despite advances in experimental and computational capabilities, common understanding of contributing phenomena has not yet been achieved. Accordingly, models are varied and limited in scope, even for a given material system. A more complete understanding of
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COUPLED CRYSTAL PLASTICITY PHASE-FIELD MODEL FOR DUCTILE FRACTURE IN POLYCRYSTALLINE MICROSTRUCTURES Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Thirupathi Maloth, Somnath Ghosh
A wavelet-enriched adaptive hierarchical, coupled crystal plasticity, phase-field finite element model is developed in this work to simulate crack initiation and propagation in complex polycrystalline microstructures. The model accommodates initial material anisotropy and crack tension-compression asymmetry through orthogonal decomposition of stored elastic strain energy into tensile and compressive
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Defect sensitivity of dual-phase steels: a statistical micromechanical investigation of the ductility loss due to pre-existing defects Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Vahid Rezazadeh, Ron Peerlings, Johan Hoefnagels, Marc Geers
As a result of their heterogeneous two-phase microstructure, dual-phase (DP) steels reveal various damage mechanisms leading to the nucleation of voids, microcracks and other defects at all stages of deformation. Defects may also pre-exist in the microstructure due to thermo-mechanical processing of the material. The literature has ample evidence that DP steels, while offering a good compromise between
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AN EARLY RETINAL DISEASE DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM USING OCT IMAGES VIA CNN-BASED STACKING ENSEMBLE LEARNING Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Ismail Kayadibi, Gür Emre Güraksın
Retinal diseases are severe health problems that affect the quality of life. They progress slowly and asymptomatically, and thus can cause blindness, if left untreated. Therefore, the importance of early detection and follow-up treatment in the prevention of visual impairments cannot be overstated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a medical imaging method for analyzing and identifying retinal
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EFFECTIVE DISPLACMENTS OF PERIDYNAMIC HETEROGENEOUS BAR LOADED BY BODY FORCE WITH COMPACT SUPPORT Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Valeriy A. Buryachenko
A statistically homogeneous random bar with the bond-based peridynamic properties of constituents is considered for a static case. For both statistically homogeneous 1D composites and homogeneous remote loading, the effective properties of both the peridynamic composites and locally elastic ones are described by constant tensor of the local effective moduli. However, even for locally elastic composites
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An anisotropic extension for a thermoviscoplastic GTN ductile damage model Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Joao Pascon, Haim Waisman
In this work, a thermoviscoplastic GTN ductile damage model is extended to account for anisotropic plastic behavior. The novel feature of the proposed model is the enrichment of the a GTN model with the Hill's yield criterion accounting for hardening, softening, strain-rate effect, plastic work heating, thermal diffusion, void shearing mechanism and plane strain conditions. The anisotropy is introduced
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A micro mechanical study on DP600 steel under extremely low cycle fatigue Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Manizheh Aghaei, Saeid Ziaei-Rad, Navid Saeidi, Ehsan Ahmadi
Extremely low cycle fatigue (ELCF) is a cyclic loading in which loads are large, in the plastic region, and loadings are strain controlled and specimen life is less than 1000 cycles (in some definitions less than 100 cycles). Experimental and finite element simulation were performed to obtain a suitable material model (elastic-plastic and damage model) for predicting extremely low cycle fatigue in
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Numerical Investigation of Granite Failure Mechanism Based on Finite Element Voronoi Grain-based Model Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 yaoyuan Guo, defu zhu, yuming Huo, zhonglun Wang, xingwang Ji
Rock experiments in laboratory can be used to analyze the general law of rock failure from the macro perspective, but it is difficult to study the fracture characteristics of rock joints under the micro scale. Numerical simulation methods have become an important way to study the failure characteristics of rock at the macro and micro perspectives. Since the micro grain structures of brittle rocks such
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Fine Scale Interfacial Models for Discrete Multiphase Flows with Convecting Discontinuities Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Ahmad AlNaseem, Arif Masud
This paper presents residual-based stabilized formulation for compressible-incompressible multiphase flows on nonoverlapping subdomains with sharp changes in material properties across phase boundaries. The formulation accommodates surface tension effects at the phase boundaries that give rise to jump in the pressure field. Phase specific governing equations together with appropriate equations of state
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Visual Machine Learning: Insight through Eigenvectors, Chladni patterns and community detection in 2D particulate structures Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Raj Kishore, Soumya Swayamjyoti, Shreeja Das, Ajay K. Gogineni, Zohar Nussinov, Dmitry Solenov, Kisor Sahu
Machine learning (ML) is quickly emerging as a powerful tool with diverse applications across an extremely broad spectrum of disciplines and commercial endeavors. Typically, ML is used as a black box that provides little illuminating rationalization of its output. In the current work, we aim to better understand the generic intuition underlying unsupervised ML with a focus on physical systems. The