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A Diachronic Account of Paresi (Arawakan) Person Marking and Alignment Change International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Ana Paula Brandão,Fernando O. De Carvalho
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Infixation in the Americas: A Cross-Linguistic Survey International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Tim Zingler
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Incident at a Kiowa Beef-Butchering International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Andrew McKenzie,Daniel Harbour,Laurel J. Watkins
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When They Imprisoned Our Chiefs International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Andrew McKenzie,Daniel Harbour,Laurel J. Watkins
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Goodnight Show in Amarillo, Texas International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Andrew McKenzie,Daniel Harbour,Laurel J. Watkins
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Letter of May 5, 1963, to Charlie Redbird International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Andrew McKenzie,Daniel Harbour,Laurel J. Watkins
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Ecuadorian Highland Quichua and the Lost Languages of the Northern Andes International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Simeon Floyd
In the early Spanish colonial period, the territory of Quito underwent a large-scale shift from multiple pre-Incan languages to a Quechuan language first introduced by the Incas and then adopted by the Spanish as the general language of colonial society. This article considers the evidence that these languages left linguistic effects that can still be detected in modern Ecuadorian Highland Quichua
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Basic K’ichee’ Grammar. 38 Lessons. Rev . ed . By James L. Mondloch. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2017. Pp. 230. US$28.95 (paper). International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Telma Angelina Can Pixabaj
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Obviative Demonstratives in Northern East Cree: Insights from Child-Directed Speech International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Ryan E. Henke,Julie Brittain
Child-directed speech (CDS) is an important but under-documented genre within the Indigenous languages of the Americas, and recent work has argued that the documentation of CDS can also provide valuable material for linguistic description. This article analyzes more than 25 hours of video-recorded CDS in Iiyiyiuyimuwin (Northern East Cree) to enrich and expand the analysis of the morphosyntax of obviation
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Southern Pomo Switch-Reference and Its Origins within Pomoan International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Neil Alexander Walker
This paper describes the Southern Pomo switch-reference system used in narrative texts. In this genre, switch-reference is shown to be canonical: suffixes applied to dependent verbs indicate whether or not the subject of the dependent verb is shared with a single TAM-bearing main verb. This system is compared with the switch-reference systems (or lack thereof) reported for the other six Pomoan languages
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Chuj (Mayan) Narratives: Folklore, History, and Ethnography from Northwestern Guatemala. By Nicholas A. Hopkins. Louisville: University Press of Colorado, 2021. Pp. 177. US$22.95 (paper). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5876/9781646421305. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Judith M. Maxwell
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The Indefinite Person: A Journey across Arawak Languages International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
A few of the world’s languages have a marker indicating an indefinite possessor or an indefinite subject. Eight Arawak languages, belonging to five subgroups, have a prefix *i‑, with the meanings of indefinite, or unspecified, possessor and subject on nominalizations and a focused and unspecified subject on verbs. Three of these languages, all of them members of the Uapuí subgroup in the Upper Rio
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Mamaindê Remixed: Locally Sourced and Externally Motivated Language Change in Southern Amazonia International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-10-01 David M. Eberhard
Language change within minority languages is still an underdocumented area of sociolinguistic research. This study addresses that gap by focusing on two speech varieties within Mamaindê, an endangered language of Amazonia. First, the language ecology of Mamaindê is discussed, with attention to the vitality of the traditional language in each of its communities. The structures of the two speech varieties
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Morphological Split Ergative Alignment and Syntactic Nominative-Accusative Alignment in Pesh International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Claudine Chamoreau
Pesh (Chibchan, Honduras) has until now been described as having a morphological nominative-accusative alignment. This paper argues that Pesh displays a bi-level split ergative pattern for morphological alignment. On the first level of the system, Pesh features a split alignment that is conditioned by the way the arguments are expressed. It has a nominativeaccusative alignment for the obligatory indexing
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Nominal Classification without Grammatical Agreement: Evidence from Secoya International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Rosa Vallejos
This paper aims to demonstrate two things. First, Secoya (Tukanoan) has gender markers and shape classifiers. However, unlike other Tukanoan languages, Secoya does not display grammatical agreement, either between the head noun and its modifiers within a noun phrase or between the predicate and its arguments within a clause. Gender markers and shape classifiers are used in antecedent-anaphor relations
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How To Distribute Events: ʔayʔaǰuθəm Pluractionals International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Marianne Huijsmans,Gloria Mellesmoen
In this paper, we discuss two types of plural marking, C1C2 reduplication and a -Vg- affix, on verbs in ʔayʔaǰuθəm (Comox-Sliammon), a Central Salish language. We argue that C1C2 plural reduplication on verbs indicates pluractionality, creating a predicate that encodes a plurality of spatiotemporally distributed events. We further argue that the distribution of events must be in both time and space
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Reconstructing Possession Morphology in Mayan Languages International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 David F. Mora-Marín
i n d i v i d u a l o r e n t i t y ; b e n e f a c t i v e , m a l e f a c t i v e , r e c i p i e n t , g o a l r o l e s X P 5 S e t .A C V C V V l , C V C S y s t e m i c o r e x t e n s i o n a b s t r a c t i v e p o s s e s s i o n P a r t s o f a n o r g a n i s m o f s y s t e m w i d e d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d / o r i n v o l u n t a r y c o n t r o l ; i n c l u d e s n o n c o r p
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Verb Inflection in Tenango Otomi and the Typology of Grammatical Tone International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Néstor Hernández-Green
This paper describes two different grammatical tone constructions that occur in the verb morphology of Tenango Otomi (Central Mexico; Oto-Pamean, Oto-Manguean), which consist in tone alternations on the verb stem that are conditioned by aspect, transitivity, inflectional class, and prosody; furthermore, the specific alternation patterns a verb undergoes are lexically stipulated. These two constructions
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Grammatical Tone Patterns in Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 Gabriela Caballero,Austin German
This paper provides the first comprehensive description and analysis of the grammatical tone patterns of Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara), a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Northern Mexico. Tone distribution in this language is dependent on stress, which is in turn governed by morphological factors. Many tonal patterns are thus predictable based on the lexical tone properties of roots and affixes. However
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A Diachronic Account of Exceptional Progressive Nasalization Patterns in Guarani Causatives International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 Bruno Estigarribia
Nasal harmony in Paraguayan Guarani spreads mostly leftward in a morphological word. This regressive nasalization is triggered by a phonologically nasal consonant or stressed nasal vowel and does not affect voiceless stops. A limited process of progressive nasalization affects morpheme-initial voiceless stops across a morpheme boundary. Many forms that include a causative prefix show this kind of progressive
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Descriptive Kinship Terms in Arawakan Languages: An Etymological Approach International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 Fernando O. de Carvalho
This paper discusses the generality of descriptive kinship terms for affines in Arawakan languages, readdressing an open problem in the historical linguistics of this family. I show that the Mojeño terms for affines of the parental generation originate in descriptive kinship terms meaning ‘grandparent of Ego’s child’. Next, I demonstrate that this account offers striking support for the independently
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Mochica pronouns: their internal reconstruction and significance for worldwide patterns of paradigmatic resemblances in pronominal shapes International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 Matthias Urban
This article embeds an attempt at internal reconstruction of the pronominal roots of Mochica, an extinct language of the north coast of Peru, into broader comparative perspectives on the consonantism of pronominal paradigms. Mochica presents a case of so-called m-t pronouns (i.e., featuring a bilabial nasal in the first-person pronoun and an alveolar stop or affricate in the second-person pronoun)
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Classifier Medials across Algonquian: A First Look International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Jerome Biedny, Matthew Burner, Andrea Cudworth, Monica Macaulay
This paper presents a description and analysis of Algonquian verbal classifiers, morphemes that index a salient superordinate feature (such as substance, consistency, or shape) of an argument or non-argument in a clause. We provide a lexical semantic analysis of the verbal classifiers found in the sixteen languages that we surveyed and describe differences in the inventory of verbal classifiers across
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Nominalization and the Expression of Manner in K’iche’ International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Telma Angelina Can Pixabaj, Judith Aissen
Although K’iche’ (Mayan) has most of the usual interrogative wh-expressions (ones corresponding to ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘where’, etc.), it lacks one corresponding to English ‘how’ and must therefore use various work-arounds to express questions of manner and method. This article analyzes one of these work-arounds, a construction that looks nonfinite but that various diagnostics show must be finite. The authors
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A Comparative Reconstruction of Proto-Purus (Arawakan) Segmental Phonology International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Fernando O. de Carvalho
This paper offers a comparative reconstruction of the segmental phonology of Proto-Purus (PP), the common ancestor of Iñapari, Apurinã, and Yine. The reconstruction presented here differs in many ways from current proposals on PP phonology: the author argues that the contrast between r and l is a secondary development in Yine, that there is no need for reconstructing a vowel *I, and that most if not
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Genders and Classifiers: A Cross-Linguistic Typology. By Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and Elena I. Mihas. Explorations in Linguistic Typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. xxi + 316. $90.00, cloth. ISBN: 9780198842019. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Chia-Jung Pan
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Relativization in Ojibwe. By Michael D. Sullivan Sr. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2020. Pp. xxiii + 356. $75.00, cloth. ISBN: 9781496214799. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Robert E. Lewis
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A Grammar of Kakataibo. By Roberto Biondi Zariquiey. Mouton Grammar Library 75. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2018. Pp. xxx + 668. $179.99, cloth. ISBN: 9783110416350. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Adam J. R. Tallman
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Existential and Standard Negation in Northern Dene International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Olga Lovick
This paper is a comparative analysis of existential and standard negation across Northern Dene. There are two strategies for existential negation: some languages use a negative verb, while others use a negative morpheme reconstructed as *də-weˑ. Standard negation involves negative inflection in some languages; most of them require additional preverbal or postverbal negative particles. The languages
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Some Precontact Widespread Lexical Forms in the Languages of Greater Amazonia International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Raoul Zamponi
Six lexical forms found in similar phonetic shapes in numerous languages of Greater Amazonia are presented and traced throughout various linguistic lineages of this region. Besides a detailed lexical documentation of the six forms in languages and proto-languages of South America, this article provides appropriate maps showing the geographical distribution of each of these forms. Five of the six lexical
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Complex Predicates with Nouns and Stative Verbs in Lakota: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Jan Ullrich
In Lakota (Siouan) nouns (N) frequently occur adjacent to stative verbs (SV). Extant descriptions of Lakota grammar treat the as a syntactic compound in which the SV modifies the N. The present study offers a novel analysis that shows that the N and SV are uncompounded and that postnominal modification occurs only when the sequence is RP-internal, whereas in clause-final position it functions as a
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Past Temporal Reference and Remoteness Distinctions in Guajajára International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Pilar Chamorro
Based on original fieldwork, in this paper I explore and present a formal semantic analysis of past temporal reference in Guajajára, a variety of Tenetehára, a Tupí-Guaraní language of Brazil. I examine the empirical behavior and semantic contribution of the morphemes ra’a and ri’i and analyze them as past remoteness morphemes that encode both past and remoteness distinctions. I argue that, like tenses
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Consonantal Alternations in Boróro International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Andrey Nikulin
Boróro, the sole surviving language of the Bororoan language family, presents a number of consonantal alternations throughout its inflection paradigms. In this paper I offer a rule-based description of Boróro consonantal alternations that differs substantially from earlier accounts of the same facts, which suffer from inconsistencies and do not account for all the data. Moreover, I show that my description
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Language Contact, Inherited Similarity and Social Difference: The Story of Linguistic Interaction in the Maya Lowlands. By Danny Law. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, Vol. 328. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2014. Pp. xi + 206, $158.00, cloth. ISBN 9789027248473. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Elwira Dexter-Sobkowiak
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Sound Symbolism and the Variation *∫ ~ *s ~ *h in Proto-Quechuan International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Robert Halm
At least two living varieties of Quechua (Tarma and Santiago del Estero) display productive synchronic systems in which phoneme substitutions among the set /s, ʃ, h/ in lexemes impart augmentative—diminutive sense or affectionate—deprecative connotation. Evidence is presented here to support the reconstruction of such a system to Proto-Quechuan based primarily on these two living systems and on lexical
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Domains and Prominence in Nasal Harmonization of Maxakalí Loanwords International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Mário Coelho da Silva, Andrew Nevins, James White
We examine the patterns of loanword adaptation in Maxakalí, a Macro-Jê language of Brazil, in importing loans from Brazilian Portuguese, with respect to the introduction of nasality and nasal harmony, based on a corpus of 18 speakers. Employing MaxEnt modeling of quantitative trends enabled the comparison and analysis of certain recurrent trends, even if not exceptionless, and the potentially additive
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Mapudungun Expressions of Desire International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Pablo Fuentes
This article presents a large set of data concerning Mapudungun expressions of desire. It throws light on two phenomena: the language’s bouletic transparency and its alternative means to convey future orientation. The former is related to the cross-linguistic tendency to mark want predicates with counterfactual morphology and express, by these means, either wish or would want statements. It will be
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Tracing the Ch’orti’ Antipassive System: A Comparative/Historical View International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Robin Quizar
The Ch’orti’ antipassive system is more conservative than that of the other Ch’olan languages, thus challenging the claim of direct Ch’orti’-to-Ch’olti’ descent. Except for the innovative suffix -ma, the suffixes are reflexes of historical Mayan antipassives *-(V)n and *-(V)w. Four antipassive suffixes (-ma, -on, -o, and -yan) are used in Ch’orti’ to form absolutive antipassives without patients, and
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Toidɨkadɨ (Cattail-Eaters) of Stillwater Marsh International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
Wuzzie George (b. ~1880, d. December 20, 1984) was, by all accounts, a true keeper of traditional knowledge. Over the course of more than three decades, she provided detailed ethnographic information about her people, the Toidɨkadɨ (Cattail-Eaters), for ethnographer Margaret Wheat (1967) and anthropologist and historical linguist Catherine S. Fowler (1992). Wuzzie also had an ongoing working relationship
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Walker River (Schurz, Nevada) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Maziar Toosarvandani
TheWalker River Paiute, orAgaiDɨkadɨ (eaters of Lahontan cutthroat trout,Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi), are organized as the federally recognized Walker River Paiute Tribe and live on the Walker River in and around Schurz, Nevada. As in other southern varieties, the Walker River dialect has three consonant grades (lenis, fortis, voiced fortis). Like the Mono Lake variety, it also preserves the Numic
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Yahooskin (Beatty, Oregon) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
Although it is clear that the term “Yahooskin” is not a native term (likely originating from the Sahaptin (Ichiskiin) language), it has been in general use as a reference to disparate Northern Paiute bands (e.g., YapatɨkaɁa, ‘wild carroteaters’) around any of several lake basins of south-central Oregon, including the Silver, Summer, and Abert lakes, and theWarner Valley region. These bands were brought
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Northern Paiute Texts: Introduction International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes, Maziar Toosarvandani
This volume of Northern Paiute texts is the result of continued collaborative relationships between members of several Northern Paiute (Western Numic; Uto-Aztecan) speech communities and two linguists who have nearly 30 years of combined experience working on the language. The resulting documentary resource provides varied samples of naturally occurring speech—narratives recorded and analyzed by the
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Bannock (Fort Hall, Idaho) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
The Bannock, whose precontact territory centered around the Snake River plain of southwestern Idaho and the Boise River valley, speak the variety of Northern Paiute most influenced by its close linguistic relative, Shoshoni. This influence may be due to a combination of factors, including the overlapping nature of aboriginal territories, the acquisition of the horse and buffalo-hunting culture, and
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Fort Mcdermitt Reservation (Mcdermitt, Nevada) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
TheMcDermitt reservation straddles the Oregon-Nevada border and is the home of the majority of all remaining first language Northern Paiute speakers. Like the Duck Valley Reservation, it is quite isolated, lying approximately 90 miles northeast of the town of Winnemucca, Nevada (population >7,000). The following stories are two of the many texts collected in the early 1960s by Sven Liljeblad from Pete
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Kuiyuidɨkadɨ (Pyramid Lake Reservation, Nevada) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
The Pyramid Lake Reservation is about an hour’s drive northeast of Reno, Nevada. As such, it lies close to the major isogloss boundary that separates Oregon Northern Paiute (including Bannock) fromNevada Northern Paiute (Paviotso). The lake, a remnant of ancient Lake Lahontan, is home to the endemic Lahontan cutthroat trout, known locally as kuiyui, and is a popular fishery. The story of Cannibal Owl
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Mono Lake and Environs International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Maziar Toosarvandani
The southernmost variety of Northern Paiute is spoken aroundMono Lake, an alkaline lakeon the eastern slopes of theSierraNevada, and to its immediatenorth. The community atMono Lake, the KudzaDɨka’a (eaters of kudzabi, alkali fly pupae), is centered around LeeVining, California, and organized as the Kutzadika’a Paiute Indian Community, which is seeking federal recognition. The same variety is also
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Duck Valley Reservation (Owyhee, Nevada) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
The Shoshone-Paiute community of Duck Valley includes reservation territory that straddles the Idaho-Nevada border. Recordings of the Duck Valley communolect were made at the home of the speaker’s niece in the presence of several extended family members, including speakers, passive bilinguals and nonspeakers alike, as well as children. The speaker was 60 years old at the time and clearly enjoyed recounting
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Wadadɨka’a (Burns Paiute Reservation, Oregon) International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Tim Thornes
The Harney Valley, or tibidzi yipɨ (the True Valley), region of southeastern Oregon is a rich and varied landscape consisting of all the extremes one expects to find in the Great Basin—vast marshlands, high-elevation grasslands, alkali basins, pine forest, and ephemeral lakebeds and rivers. This high desert area attracts hundreds of thousands of water and other fowl (as well as birdwatchers) on their
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Tone & Accent in Oklahoma Cherokee. By Hiroto Uchihara. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. iii + 302. US $105.00, cloth. ISBN: 9780198739449. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Samantha Cornelius
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Lacandon Maya-Spanish-English Dictionary / Diccionario maya lacandón-español-inglés. By Charles Andrew Hofling. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2014. Pp. vii+514. $70.00, cloth. ISBN: 9781607813415.A Dictionary of Ch’orti’ Mayan-Spanish-English. By Kerry M. Hull. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2016. Pp. viii+525. $80.00, cloth. ISBN: 9781607814894. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 David F. Mora-Marín
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Uto-Aztecan Lexicostatistics 2.0 International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Jason D. Haugen, Michael Everdell, Benjamin A. Kuperman
Uto-Aztecan subgrouping has long been the subject of debate. We aim to establish a more up-to-date foundation for Uto-Aztecan lexicostatistics by reexamining Wick Miller’s influential lexicostatistic classification. Miller’s cognate density measure yields a symmetrical table based on the number of cognates each language pairing shares on a modified Swadesh-100 wordlist. However, no language has cognate
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An Inspection of Preferred Argument Structure in Mapudungun Narratives International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Florian Matter
The surface form of arguments in natural discourse, theoretically freely chosen, is by no means arbitrary. Clear tendencies emerge when analyzing stretches of discourse. One such pattern concerns the different proportions of lexically realized arguments in A, as opposed to S and P, and has been explained by Du Bois through a set of underlying principles. The pattern has more recently been suggested
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A Phonological Sketch of Omagua International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Clare S. Sandy, Zachary O’Hagan
This paper presents a sketch of the segmental and prosodic phonology of Omagua, a highly endangered Tupí-Guaraní language of Peru, based on original fieldwork. After reviewing the classification, history, and sociolinguistic situation of the language, we describe phonemic consonant and vowel inventories, arguing especially for an underspecified nasal consonant that in some contexts surfaces as nasality
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Multilingual Interactions and Code-Mixing in Northwest Amazonia International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Wilson de Lima Silva
The multilingualism of the Vaupés region in Northwest Amazonia has drawn attention from scholars for decades. This paper addresses issues involving code-switching and code-mixing in this region. The claim has often been repeated that in spite of intense multilingualism, code-mixing does not occur. I report findings that show this is not the case. This study is based on fieldwork in a Desano community
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The Expression of Speaker and Nonspeaker Surprise in South Conchucos Quechua International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Daniel J. Hintz
Mirativity is generally portrayed as a report of information that is surprising to the speaker. In this study I argue for a broader characterization of mirativity which accounts for the grammatical expression of surprise on the part of discourse participants, whether speaker, addressee, or narrative participant. Surprise value is communicated in South Conchucos Quechua via three pairs of grammatical
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Lakota Grammar Handbook: A Pedagogically Oriented Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Beginner to Upper Intermediate Students, with an Answer Key. By Jan Ullrich, with Ben Black Bear Jr.. , second ed. Bloomington, IN: Lakota Language Consortium, 2018. Paper, x + 632 pp, maps, USD $49.95. International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 David V. Kaufman
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Bridging Linkage in Tariana, An Arawak Language from Northwest Amazonia International Journal of American Linguistics (IF 0.378) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
Bridging constructions—a means of linking sentences within narratives—can be of two kinds. Recapitulating linkage may involve repetition of the last clause of the preceding sentence as the first, dependent clause of the following one. Summary linkage involves using a generic verb in a dependent clause summarizing the actions of the previous sentence. Both have been referred to with various terms, including