Abstract English medium instruction (EMI) is widespread in European universities. In most such contexts, students and teachers are able to communicate in at least one other language, generally the shared L1. Recent studies in English-speaking countries and postcolonial settings have suggested that attitudes towards L1 use in EMI are changing, and that multilingualism in the classroom is accepted or

Abstract ‘High-quality talk’ is a fundamental principle of many approaches to teaching grammar. However, relatively few studies have attempted to characterize this talk with attention to the ways in which classroom dialogue might engender metalinguistic thinking. This paper explores how the concepts of procedural and declarative metalinguistic knowledge may be applied to classroom discourse in order

Abstract Recent research suggests that psychotypology may be one of the main factors determining L3 acquisition and use, especially so in the early stages. However, the existence and nature of multilingual learners’ perception of language proximity have often only been assumed rather than measured, and rarely addressed with respect to the increasingly established understanding of the multilingual mind

Abstract Vocabulary is a core feature of language proficiency, requiring explicit attention in the language classroom. As teachers’ conceptualizations influence their teaching, their understanding of vocabulary deserves closer attention. Yet, few teacher cognition studies focus on vocabulary, and even fewer on non-native teachers’ conceptualizations of vocabulary. This paper presents an interview study

Abstract Appropriate use of cohesive devices is an important writing skill. Recently, there has been growing research on cohesiveness in ESL students’ texts at university level. However, research into secondary school students’ writing and learners’ perceptions of cohesive devices has remained underexplored. This case study investigated the use of connectives, a particular type of cohesive device,

Abstract The general consensus in second language (L2) acquisition research that instruction facilitates L2 development has been confirmed in a growing number of meta-analyses and research syntheses conducted in an increasingly wide range of L2 areas, including, recently, pronunciation instruction. Yet, little research has been done on the psycholinguistics aspects and ongoing processes of pronunciation

Abstract Metalanguage is an important part of teacher talk in L2 classrooms. The present study examined the occurrence and type of metalinguistic terms in teacher feedback and their relationship with the patterns of learner uptake and the effectiveness of teacher feedback. A total of eight teachers and nine classes participated in the study. Four to six observations were made in each class, and two

Abstract Metalanguage is an important part of teacher talk in L2 classrooms. The present study examined the occurrence and type of metalinguistic terms in teacher feedback and their relationship with the patterns of learner uptake and the effectiveness of teacher feedback. A total of eight teachers and nine classes participated in the study. Four to six observations were made in each class, and two

Abstract The present study explored the effect of task repetition with and without explicit instruction on EFL learners’ (n = 26) explicit and implicit English regular past tense structure development. One group (REP) repeated the same task (n = 12) while another group (EI + REP) received explicit instruction between performances of the same task (n = 14). The explicit and implicit knowledge was measured

Abstract With universities and other academic institutions now creating policies regarding the use of pronouns and the rights of individuals to use the pronouns they prefer, use of the singular they pronoun in academic discourse is a relatively new phenomenon and not one that is typically studied by English as a second language (ESL) students before their arrival in a predominantly English-speaking

Abstract Traditional L1 grammar teaching focuses on students’ learning the correct grammar rules rather than learning how to deal with grammatical issues in real life. This is mainly due to the fact that traditional grammar education suggests that language consists of sentences which are well-formed according to a fixed prescriptive norm. However, language is messy (especially spoken language), and

Abstract This study examines low-intermediate to advanced ESL learners’ awareness of semantic prosody. Semantic prosody is a word/unit association that expresses an attitudinal meaning (described as favourable, neutral, unfavourable), which emerges from the word’s typical lexical environment. Sensitivity to and awareness of such associations is an indicator of the learners’ depth of vocabulary knowledge

(2020). Towards language aware citizenship. Language Awareness: Vol. 29, No. 3-4, pp. 197-198.

Abstract This paper investigates foreigners’ linguistic and visual representations observed in 17 recent Japanese animated shows (or anime), and explores ways to increase students’ critical awareness of issues regarding Japanese language and culture. We find that foreign characters in anime tend to be linguistically represented with simplified, marked Japanese, and/or interjection of native language

Abstract This study explores how North Korean refugees in South Korea navigate different ideologies about language and construct their own language ideologies and identities while adjusting to and learning a new variety of Korean. Drawing on interviews with four North Korean refugees, the study finds that they have suffered from stigmatization because of their socially marked North Korean accents,

Abstract This study describes the quantitative aspects of metaphor in academic publications. In particular, we analyze the frequency of metaphor types and source domains in medical papers written by native and non-native speakers of English. The data have been collected from selected published articles on cancer and tissue engineering. The method combines a manual procedure with a semantic tagger and

Abstract This paper presents a qualitative analysis of structured student reflection following carefully designed, collaborative student-centered activities to demonstrate how pre-service teachers may initiate perspectives on language awareness necessary in developing a praxis of language awareness. I begin by identifying a framework for a praxis of language awareness, building on van Lier’s sociocultural

Abstract Safaliba is an Indigenous Ghanaian language spoken by 7–9,000 Ghanaians in a nation-state of 29 million people with 73 indigenous languages, none of which are spoken by a majority of Ghanaians. Government schools in Safaliba towns and villages are mandated to utilize Gonja and English instructional reading materials from the Ghana Education Service and the Ministry of Education. Gonja is nothing

Abstract The acquisition of a language is a complex process. Applied Linguistics research tends to view this process as classroom-based. It is only more recently that learners, in particular young learners, are being placed in the centre of investigation in research exploring language learning from their subjective perspectives. To understand these learner-centred perspectives, there is a growing body

Abstract This article reports a project that I carried out with prospective Maltese language teachers in order to give them the opportunity to examine their linguistic landscape (LL), to develop an awareness and a curiosity about how languages are used in house names, and to reflect on their own learning. The student-teachers adopted visual ethnography to create a corpus of house names collected from

Abstract At some UK universities, non-credit bearing courses for the general public are offered in a wide range of languages, often taught by hourly paid staff. Ensuring similar, high quality learning experiences and learning outcomes across languages can be a challenge. This study inquired into the viability and value of a consciousness-raising approach, i.e. whether teachers would be able and likely

Abstract Research has pointed to the importance of introducing social aspects of language at the beginning stages of second language (L2) acquisition (Yates, 2017 Yates, L. (2017). Learning how to speak: Pronunciation, pragmatics and practicalities in the classroom and beyond. Language Teaching , 50 (2), 227–246. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444814000238 [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar])

Abstract This article discusses the rationale for using language diaries as a method to evaluate language use and language choice in multilingual contexts, as well as the benefits and limitations of this approach vis-à-vis other research methods. This is illustrated using examples from two contexts: Flemish Sign Language/Dutch bilinguals in Flanders and Gaelic/English bilinguals in the Western Isles

Abstract Many U.S. adult schools currently aim to create academic and career pathways by implementing higher order thinking and metalinguistic application in their ESL curriculum. However, this ‘ability to reflect on and manipulate the structural features of language’ poses a significant hurdle to adult ESL learners newly learning to read and write, as typical metalinguistic measurements – including

Abstract The commercial Sinhala-medium FM radio practice of code-mixing between Sinhala and English is criticised by some of the mainstream Sinhala-speaking groups of Sri Lanka as unrestrained and thus causing the degeneration of the native language of Sinhala. Regardless of this disapproval, this new style of code-mixing has now spread into the FM media audiences, particularly its youth groups, among

ABSTRACT The study investigates to what extent English as a second language (ESL) learners develop explicit and automatised explicit knowledge of two target-forms (third person singular ‘s’ and future conditional if-clause) after input and output based instruction and whether learning effects differ depending on the target forms. The study follows a pre-test–post-test design. Seventy-two intermediate

Abstract Collaborative writing tasks have been claimed to offer language learning opportunities because they implicitly draw learners’ attention to form. Nevertheless, their efficacy has been claimed to be moderated by proficiency, as low proficiency learners tend to override form over meaning. These claims, however, are mostly based on adult learners and little work has been carried out with child

ABSTRACT This paper starts by reporting on the design and trialling of an informal, low-stakes test designed to assess the knowledge of grammar terms of pre-service primary school teachers following the UK’s National Curriculum, the results of which were used to inform the design of a series of optional grammar classes. The test proved surprisingly difficult to design, and the final version contains

Abstract The present study investigated the interface between explicit instruction and computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in an effort to reduce plural marking errors among Japanese EFL learners. The instruction involved raising contrastive awareness of cross-linguistic and conceptual features, and was delivered via an online medium. A total of 180 students from a university in Western Japan

Abstract This study draws on Sociocultural Theory to explore how 12 adult EFL learners engaged in pair work, how their willingness to engage was demonstrated in pair activities, and what other factors influenced that willingness. Six pairs engaged in seven different activities and were interviewed after all activities were completed. Each pair’s type of interaction and each learner’s perception of

Abstract The present study looks at pre-service teachers’ beliefs about multilingualism in school and to what extent these can be influenced. It is based on the pre- and post-test evaluation of a seminar concept promoting linguistically responsive teaching, which was tested with N = 27 pre-­service teachers in Germany during the course of one semester. The evaluation was conducted using the DaZKom-beliefs

Abstract The role of L1 knowledge about language (L1KAL) in L2 teaching/learning has received little research attention despite its potential importance. In this study, 9 primary (aged 11) and 16 secondary (aged 15) school francophones working in dyads edited an English paragraph containing 19 errors whilst justifying each change. Their discussions were analysed for cross-linguistic connections (CLCs)

ABSTRACT This study addresses the role of the body in the pedagogy of Italian as a second language. Given that the understanding of meanings and functions of body movements in combination with speech can enrich language pedagogy, we organized a study to investigate whether context of learning determines more or less awareness of the body in Italian language pedagogy. We invited 224 students of Italian

Abstract Research shows that gestures help L2 learners compensate for shortcomings in their second language, aid in the language learning process, and facilitate successful classroom communication between teachers and students . Despite this, there has been little research into whether L2 learners can benefit from classroom activities to raise their awareness of gesture use in a second language. The

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the development of morphological awareness in English as a third language. It analyses how the activation of previous linguistic knowledge can influence morphological awareness. Participants were 104 primary school students who were learning English as a third language and were already fluent in two other languages, Basque and Spanish. Participants in the experimental

Abstract Although well-documented in assorted research areas, early-years stereotyping has not garnered comparable attention. Under the assumption that stereotyping can be prejudicial to the development of children’s critical thinking abilities, this paper reports on a study that examined how the pedagogical intervention of awakening to languages may develop children’s critical thinking and instill

Abstract Adopting a broader dialogical conceptual lens on interactive listening, this study examines advanced adult learners’ language use and thought processes during a problem-solving task. Twenty English as a second language (L2) students from a Scottish university participated in the study. They worked in pairs on the task before taking part in retrospective interviews. In contrast to previous

Abstract This study investigated students’ perceptions of collaborative writing in a teacher-centred class and their change in beliefs about English writing through collaborative writing experiences. The analysis of multiple data sources (i.e., video recordings of collaborative writing activities, two in-depth, semi-structured interviews, one stimulated recall interview and four response papers) from

Abstract This study explored Korean university students’ beliefs and perspectives on different English varieties, and their transformation in learner perceptions with respect to English learning, diversity in the English language, and learning of different English varieties over the course of a semester. On two occasions, Korean university students (N = 127) who were enrolled in different sections

Abstract This laboratory-based research investigated how 40 university EFL learners responded to their peers’ linguistic errors and made their moment-to-moment decisions of whether or not to provide corrective feedback (CF) to their peers’ errors in task-based peer interaction. Data from the transcripts of videotaped pair interaction and audio-taped stimulated recall interviews were utilized and analysed

(2019). Introduction to language awareness in professional communication contexts. Language Awareness: Vol. 28, Language awareness in professional communication contexts; Guest Editors: Peter Garrett, Michael Handford and Josep M. Cots, pp. 163-165.

Abstract In multi-ethnic contexts, it is not uncommon to find that dementia carers or their clients are using, as the medium for communication in care, a language in which they are not comfortable and/or are not fluent. In extreme cases, there could be no shared linguistic code at all. This article asks how feasible it is to provide adequate care with inadequate mutual language knowledge. In particular

Abstract The paper develops the concept of language awareness (LA) by considering the material-social-discursive nexus of the communicative situation that affords professional practice. It also presents a mixed-methods study that provides a deeper and multi-layered understanding of LA in action and sets out a methodological framework for similar research in healthcare communication. Our study addresses:

Abstract Studies of conflictual workplace discourse are rare, both in language-awareness research and discourse analysis more generally, owing partly to the difficulty in gaining access to such interactions, and arguably to the relative rarity of conflictual discourse occurring at work. The topic is therefore both under-analysed and under-theorised. Drawing on data in the form of meeting transcripts

Abstract Drawing on unique observational data from police training with child volunteers, this study evaluates the linguistic patterns used by officers for transmitting complex, legally-binding information to children during the opt-out procedure (which determines how children’s evidence is presented in court). It is shown that while the officers realise the information is difficult to explain and

Abstract This study examines the relationship between German second language (L2) learners’ awareness of the German lexical stress assignment system and their ability to accurately assign stress to cognate words with predictable lexical stress. Participants were 31 adult L2 German learners from three groups: native English speakers with a range of German proficiency levels (N = 10), native French speakers

Abstract Research on form focused instruction has provided support for the use of collaborative tasks in which learners focus their attention on formal aspects of language and consciously reflect on their own language use (i.e. produce language-related episodes or LREs). A strand of research on LREs in different educational contexts examines the effect of learner-internal factors, such as target language

Abstract The present study examined the extent to which first language (L1) awareness can benefit second language (L2) grammatical learning of the French Imparfait, a crosslinguistically complex target feature. Sixty-nine English-speaking learners of L2 French received different types of explicit information (EI) about L2 or L2 + L1 form-meaning mappings. A ‘core’ treatment received by all learners

Abstract The present study explores discourse and long-term effects of structured input (SI) and structured output when delivered in isolation or in combination on the acquisition of the English causative. Research investigating the effects of SI has indicated that it is the causative variable in the positive effects of processing instruction. To provide answers to the questions formulated in this

Abstract This mixed-methods study uses concept maps to investigate the effects of an English pedagogical grammar course on the beliefs of teachers-in-training (n = 40) enrolled over a 2-year period at a private university in the U.S. Midwest. The course takes a functional approach to grammar based on systemic-functional linguistics and is typically the first exposure to functional grammar that these

ABSTRACT While metalinguistic awareness (MLA) has been shown to play a crucial role in second and third language acquisition, a variety of methodological approaches point to the difficulty of operationalising the concept. The present study provides a critical analysis of MLA in relation to its measurement by means of a French-language test of metalinguistic ability. In this article, the results on

Abstract This study presents a critical discourse analysis of underlying language ideologies derived from L2 Spanish textbooks. Although previous research has tended to focus on ideologies contained in Spanish heritage language textbooks, in the present analysis, we expand this narrow scope by focusing on L2 Spanish textbooks, specifically Unidos, Identidades and Revistas. In addition, we conduct semi-structured

Abstract Recent studies have shown that languaging contributes to second language skill development. Feedback is often used in combination with languaging as a prompt of verbalization during writing revision, and this combination has shown the effect of increasing the quality of writing. The present study tested whether and how indirect feedback helps learners engage in languaging, and whether the

Abstract Educators have raised awareness of the importance of meaning in second language instruction over the last decades. However, second language (L2) education has not been as meaningful as researchers might have hoped. Drawing on Hanauer’s meaningful literacy, this qualitative research examines Korean students’ awareness of the English language learning process, elicited through a combination

Abstract This is the second of two articles based on a study of the contribution of vocabulary notebooks to the development of second language vocabulary, language awareness, metacognitive skills and pedagogical skills of non-native English-speaking pre-service teachers. In this article, the impact of reflections on non-native pre-service teachers’ language awareness and knowledge of foreign language

Abstract This study presents an in-depth inquiry into teachers’ beliefs about a language awareness approach to secondary school foreign language education. The study aims to deepen our insight into (the differences in) teachers’ beliefs about language awareness and facilitate the discussion about including language awareness in foreign language curricula. Ten EFL teachers were interviewed about their

Abstract Normative-theoretical discourse in pedagogy calls for transformation in educational approaches towards multilingualism. The key question in multilingual education remains: Can language ideologies be transformed? The present paper investigates how the field of language awareness can contribute to this process and what practical changes and implemented transformation can be experienced within

Abstract This article reports a study which examined the effects of an Awakening to Languages (AtL) programme on preschool children’s language abilities. This programme aimed at exposing children to language and cultural diversity as well as promoting positive attitudes towards different languages and cultures amongst children. However, considering that the AtL approach also intends to encourage language

(2018). Language for life: educational, professional and social contexts. Language Awareness: Vol. 27, Languages for Life - Educational, Professional and Social Contexts: Selected papers from the 13th International Conference of the Association for Language Awareness, WU Vienna, July 2016; Guest Editors: Tom Rankin and Martin Stegu, pp. 1-3.

(2018). Panel discussion: language awareness vs. folk linguistics vs. applied linguistics. Language Awareness: Vol. 27, Languages for Life - Educational, Professional and Social Contexts: Selected papers from the 13th International Conference of the Association for Language Awareness, WU Vienna, July 2016; Guest Editors: Tom Rankin and Martin Stegu, pp. 186-196.