ABSTRACT This article starts with a brief review of law firm business. Next, crime convenience theory is applied to the case by identifying relevant convenience themes for financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness. Then, a brief application of crime signal detection theory is presented. In the discussion, governance in the form of restrictions based on convenience theory

ABSTRACT Between 5–9% of American adolescents experience 1+ episode of independent homelessness. Although multiple stressors have consistently been shown to precede runaway behavior, sampling homeless populations fails to capture variation between juveniles who run/do not run. This research uses Waves I and II of the Add Health public use data to examine conditions likely to result in a first-time

ABSTRACT The coronavirus pandemic has negatively affected people of all social strata, and continues to do so, but its effect has been the most severe on members of the most precarious populations. In this exploratory study conducted in Switzerland, the specific situation of homeless people, a particularly vulnerable population, is examined from a criminological perspective. In total, we surveyed 32

ABSTRACT Delinquent behaviors among juveniles have been problematic in South Korea. More specifically, the recent rate of juvenile crimes has increased. Despite efforts to find causes of juvenile delinquency, it has remained an unresolved social problem in South Korea. Concerning these issues, this study applies Gottfredson and Hirschi’s low self-control and Akers’s definitions to the relationship

ABSTRACT While the research on sugaring has expanded in recent years, there are still many gaps in our understanding of these relationships and how women begin them. Therefore, in this paper I draw from 48 in-depth interviews to understand the methods by which women enter into sugar arrangements and the extent to which this process is intentional, inadvertent, or coerced. Specifically, I draw from

ABSTRACT While online sex offenders use a wide range of strategies to try to avoid police detection, attempts to avoid detection of child sexual exploitation materials (CSEM) and online sexual solicitation of children have received very little attention. This study aims to understand online sex offenders’ behaviors by modeling the factors associated with their use of technological data protection and

ABSTRACT While the nonmedical use of prescription drugs to enhance cognitive performance (NMUPD-CE) has received increasing media attention and provoked ethical debates, the social drivers of misusing this health-related drug remain understudied. Therefore, this study examined how descriptive and injunctive norms as social influences affect decisions to engage in NMUPD-CE. We tested competing assumptions

ABSTRACT To date, most research on LGBTQ+ individuals and communities tends to be based in metropolitan areas of the United States, largely in New York and California. This research analyzes data from 23 white LGBTQ+ individuals in the Deep South through the lens of Durkheim’s mechanical and organic solidarity. We argue that experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals in the rural south resemble the characteristics

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – Negative Affective Responses to Stress among Urban Police Officers: A General Strain Theory Approach. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – For HE Tells Me So: Techniques of Neutralization Applied to Christian Domestic Discipline. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – Midwives on the Margins: Stigma Management Among Out-of-Hospital Midwives. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – A Descriptive Examination of Prisonization through the Lens of Post-Exoneration Offending. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – Determining Normal Deviance: Adolescent Drug Use?. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

(2022). Notice of Duplicate Publication – The Companions We Keep: A Situational Analysis and Proposed Typology of Companion Animal Cruelty Offenses. Deviant Behavior. Ahead of Print.

ABSTRACT Many gay and lesbian individuals struggle with family support throughout their life course. In addition, due to their differences in social power and violations of heteronormativity, gay men and lesbian women have unique experiences with family distress. Such difficulties can be related to an increased risk for sexual identity-based discrimination, harassment, and violence (DHV) among gay

ABSTRACT The Enhanced Interrogation programme was a medicalized initiative that used serious violence, at the least approaching torture in its severity, to extract information from detainees during the War on Terror. The programme’s activities are now widely viewed as grave forms of institutionally deviant behavior and have been condemned as such, including by health professional groups. While a considerable

ABSTRACT Research in criminology finds that moral intuitions influence both offending and punitive reactions to offending. However, no prior studies have examined the influence of moral intuitions on bystander reporting. To fill this gap, I examine the influence of moral intuitions on bystanders’ likelihood of engaging in indirect informal social control by reporting a range of deviant behaviors to

ABSTRACT We conduct an ethnographic content analysis to examine the social interaction and racial identity constructed through the exchange of white supremacist humor shared on three Stormfront discussion subforums. Overall, white supremacist joke sharing functioned multidimensionally as it simultaneously fostered cohesion and contention among users. By mocking political correctness and non-Whites

ABSTRACT A critical component in the formation of moral panics rests on the successful construction of folk devils. The successful construction of folk devils in a moral panic has often relied on both the media and the general public vilifying those who occupy a lower social status, depicting these vilified individuals as culpable for specific social problems. This paper conducts a historical comparison

ABSTRACT This article undertakes a global review of women’s involvement in cultivation, processing, transporting and selling drugs. It is underpinned by twin theoretical concerns. First, we recap and critique the emancipation thesis, especially from a global perspective. Secondly, we examine how diverse global contexts shape women’s involvement and the roles they occupy in these economies, challenging

ABSTRACT Despite significant impacts to mental health and support-seeking, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) stigma remains under-studied and poorly understood. Recently, the NSSI Stigma Framework was proposed, conceptualizing NSSI stigma as comprising six constructs (origin, concealability, course, peril, aesthetics, disruptiveness) that manifest across four perspectives (public, self, anticipated,

ABSTRACT Place-based criminology largely centers on what and which areas attract or generate crime, with limited scholarly activity focused on which businesses/land uses prevent crime across spatial collectives. The current study proposes an original theoretical concept called “virtue locales” – which are race-specific land uses that reduce crime at the nearby area due to the virtuous effects these

ABSTRACT In line with a long tradition of theorizing, this paper draws on critiques of Akers’ Social Structure and Social Learning (SSSL) to argue for a stronger grounding of the theory in symbolic interactionism. Drawing on the work of Mead, Blumer, and Maines, the argument is that to do so means grounding SSSL in a view of humans as acting and action as problem-solving. It also means incorporating

ABSTRACT Despite their growing popularity, cryptomarkets generate risks for participants. This has promoted the reemergence of a more personal transaction model on the dark web: single vendor shops. To date, little is known about how single vendors display trust to attract potential customers without relying on the structural trust provided by cryptomarkets’ review and escrow systems. A total of 108

ABSTRACT Work has consistently revealed that gang members are more likely than nongang members to participate in violent behavior. But research has not analyzed the relationship between the likelihood of gang homicide and the various factors that police report impact gang violence in their community. This is accomplished through analyzing reports provided by law enforcement as part of the National

ABSTRACT Rates of suicide within the Black community are increasing. Rising rates, coupled with institutional racism, impacts how Black perceive suicide as a problem in their communities. This paper examines the misconceptions that Black Americans hold about the topic of suicide. The current project included data from 25 self-identifying Black adults living in Northeast Ohio. We used a thematic analysis

ABSTRACT The prevalence of teacher stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD) has been confirmed and investigated in various contexts. This research aimed to study the (dys)functional coping strategies (CSs) of teachers and their experienced SAD levels. Of the 549 invited language teachers, 398 (75%) teachers with various occupational attributes participated in this study by completing the (Dys)functional

ABSTRACT This study explored contextual variables within strip clubs employing exotic dancers as well as dancers’ characteristics, as potential correlates of prostitution. Face-to-face anonymous interviews were conducted with exotic dancers in San Diego County (N = 123). Logistic regression revealed that nonwhite race, allowing customer touching, illegal drug use, and number of dances per shift were

ABSTRACT In times of conflict, the meaning of words tends to fluctuate. For example, the word “violence” traditionally refers to physical force against people or property. However, some have expanded the term “violence” to include non-force (e.g., speech). Conversely, others have actively avoided the “violence” label to describe clear instances of force (e.g., property destruction). When the definitions

ABSTRACT Although previous research suggests that many dimensions of religion (e.g., religious service attendance, importance of religion) are significantly related to juvenile delinquency and substance use, fewer studies have examined the relationship between religiosity and adult crime, particularly white-collar crimes. Based on Wave 4 of the Baylor Religion Survey, we used Ordinary Least Squares

ABSTRACT Using a multi-sited, multiple methods, and qualitative research design (including participant-observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of online dating profiles) I examine how users engage in and justify discriminatory actions in the gay dating app “Grindr.” This paper also explores how the app allows for new ways that members can engage in these practices by blocking, filtering, and

ABSTRACT Research on crime tends to emphasize clear-cut stories, either in support of or rejecting crime. Stories, however, are often ambiguous, mainly when they concern complex and multi-faceted phenomena. Based on qualitative interviews with Italian students, we explore how organized crime is viewed and evaluated by non-offenders. We found six widespread stories that highlight the moral ambiguity

ABSTRACT This study uses data based on a random sample of correctional officers from eight different correctional facilities in the Northeast, to analyze strain, distress, and substance use through the lens of General Strain Theory (GST). This paper specifically seeks to establish correctional officers as a necessary component of mass incarceration research by explaining how their environment can lead

ABSTRACT This paper identifies a form of non-compliance with COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in the UK: “creative non-compliance”. Here, individuals justify breaking restrictions as meeting the “spirit of the law” if not the “letter of the law”. Drawing on interview and focus group data collected between April and August 2020, we outline this concept of “creative non-compliance,” detailing how: (i)

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to propose a corrective of moral panic theory by introducing a concept of polarizing moral panics. We believe that the significant social and technological changes that have occurred since the 1970s have made the classical concept of moral panic less useful to describe and analyze most of the contemporary cases because it fails to include a variety of voices and a

ABSTRACT Crime research has repeatedly shown that small proportions of offenders are responsible for large proportions of crimes. While there is a substantial body of evidence for this ‘offending concentration’ in connection to traditional offline crime, there is limited research assessing the concentration of offending for cybercrime. This research analyzes victim reports of Bitcoin-related cybercrimes

ABSTRACT he nonviolent activities of extremists have the capacity to shed important light on how such groups think and frame the world around them. This paper provides a comparative insight into the framing activities of Islamic State and white power (WP) groups through an analysis of the song lyrics that have emerged from these scenes. In doing so, we seek to understand the role that culture, particularly

ABSTRACT Although the important relationship between age and peers is well-known, relatively little empirical attention has focused on heterogeneous patterns of deviant peer association over time. In light of this, the current study assessed developmental trajectories of peer delinquency and examined criminological factors that explain such patterns. Five waves of data from the Korean Youth Panel Survey

ABSTRACT The term “incel” is a portmanteau of the words “involuntary” and “celibate,” and incels as a group represent a new emergent Internet subculture. Often, they’ve been connected to viewpoints and language that promote toxic masculinity, while encouraging violence against women and minorities. Previous research has often highlighted incels’ views on women and the language used to perpetuate their

ABSTRACT Drawing on the tenets of Social Disorganization Theory, we model the effects of neighborhood structural correlates on neighborhood crime perceptions in two urbanized Ghanaian communities in sub-Saharan Africa. Using 500 responses from a cross-sectional survey of 100 households, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) is used to test a hypothesized model that incorporates

ABSTRACT There is little research examining how race, class, gender, and residential location work simultaneously to inform drug using identities. Using insights from narrative criminology, I build upon this literature by providing an examination of 58 current or former users interviewed across two research sites. Participants pulled from various cultural and subcultural narratives to construct narrative

ABSTRACT This article empirically tests the theoretical proposition that moral norms of groups can be the reason why “good” people sometimes do “the wrong thing.” The issue is approached from the perspective of Wikström’s Situational Action Theory (SAT). SAT posits that criminal acts are the result of features of the person and the setting. Building on this, the hypotheses forwarded are: The higher

ABSTRACT The global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly altered the lives of college students across the United States. Following the outbreak of COVID-19 in the spring of 2020, college campuses were shuttered, classes moved to remote instruction, and university activities, celebrations, and events were canceled. Cast against a backdrop of uncertainty about the future, studies have documented

ABSTRACT This study examines completed, attempted, failed, and foiled mass shooting outcomes in the United States (2000–2019). Comparative analyses of these four outcomes determine differences in the offender, motive, gun, target, and resolution. Findings indicate predictors of completed outcomes included open-space targets and offender death. Attempted outcome predictors included older offenders,

ABSTRACT The health crisis that began in early 2020 has generated a large amount of interest in the effect of COVID-19 on public health. The majority of this work has centered around trying to better understand how the virus spreads, where it spreads, who is at risk and when, in order to provide evidence-based guidance to the public, and stop the pandemic. The Centers for Disease Control has continued

ABSTRACT Perceived unsafety, fear of crime, and avoidance were studied in relation to different types of crime, crime in different time perspectives, concentrated disadvantage, collective efficacy, urbanity, age structure, and neighborhood disorder. Four data sources were used on a large Swedish city; a community survey from 2012 and 2015 among residents, census data on socio-demographics, police data

ABSTRACT This study explores the capacity of GST theory at the community level to explain differences in homicide rates across Mexico City neighborhoods. We find that higher levels of economic deprivation, population size, and organized crime activity, the latter being a source of strain leading to the deterioration of Mexican communities, are positively associated with homicide rates. However, neither

ABSTRACT Extensive prior research has examined the effect of low self-control on delinquency, as well as whether this effect is moderated by criminal opportunity. The purpose of our study is to examine whether these relationships can be extended to cyberbullying as an outcome. In doing so, we discuss ways in which key theoretical arguments and common measurement strategies must be modified in order

ABSTRACT This case study of heroic deviance focuses onHutu who did not participate in the genocidal violence in 1994 Rwanda and instead risked their lives to rescue Tutsi. Drawing from 45 in-depth interviews, we examine how these deviant heroes invoke religion to narrate their actions. We find that interviewees often neutralize their acts of rescue by attributing responsibility to God. We also theorize

ABSTRACT Desistance from sexual offending is of great import to scholars, practitioners, and the public. Despite theoretical advances in life course theories generally, the same work is only beginning for subgroups, like individuals convicted of sexual offenses, who may have a different desistance process than other types of offense categories due to the nature of the crime, structural disadvantage

ABSTRACT Studies addressing risk factors among justice-involved girls in rural areas remain a neglected area of research. Following an intersectional framework, the current study examines the patterning of a broad range of risk factors and health needs, across urban and rural contexts, among arrested African American, Hispanic, and white females who participated in a public health service. Results

ABSTRACT Pedophile hunting – abetted by digital technologies – has spread rapidly, resulting in detrimental outcomes, including suicides of hunters’ targets. The scant research on these groups adopts a functionalist argument that they have emerged to fill a security deficit – to undertake work that police are incapable of due to resource and skill deficits in policing the cybersphere. This paper adopts

ABSTRACT While the last decade has seen a rise in research on biohacking from the perspective of social studies of technology, anthropology, sociology, and legal studies, there remains a gap in the criminological understanding of biotechnology in general and biohacking in particular. To contribute toward such a perspective, the research project aims to establish how the construction of social norms

ABSTRACT This study uses a social bonds framework to explore the main effects of race and five social bonds (attachment to peers, attachment to parents, school commitment, activity involvement) on adolescent substance use. We also explore whether social bonds have the capacity to enhance or mitigate the effects of race on substance use. We test this question using longitudinal data from a predominately

ABSTRACT The environment determines the way in which people interpret social life. In fact, depending on the context, multiple potential attitudes can be evoked by an attitude object. The purpose of this research is to test whether the perception of uncivil behavior and its perpetrators is affected by the physical environment in which this behavior is framed. Specifically, we explore the role of two

ABSTRACT We used data from an Australian community register to build a database containing 673 incidents, including both criminal and non-criminal anti-Semitic acts that occurred between October 2013 and September 2017. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to explore the differences in the types of incidents associated with different trigger events. Using time series methods, we found a

ABSTRACT Child sexual abuse material is now recognized as a major social problem, however prior to the internet, disclosures of victimization in abuse material were the subject of skeptical scholarly commentary. The veracity of this skeptical position has been subject to limited empirical scrutiny. The aim of this study is to analyze the content of a sample of 1004 images of pre-internet abuse material

ABSTRACT The dangers associated with alcohol-impaired driving are well documented, most recently stabilizing at still problematic levels around 2010. Recent estimates indicate over 1 million annual DUI arrests. Researchers have primarily adopted quantitative approaches to identify common predictors of impaired driving. Few studies have systematically examined this group using qualitative data, specifically

ABSTRACT Many patrons in nightlife settings around the world experience and engage in behavior that some find distressing and others find a useful method of interacting with potential sexual partners. Some of these behaviors nevertheless meet the World Health Organizations’ definition of sexual violence. Recent research suggests the social norms in Australian nightlife settings might be encouraging

ABSTRACT This study evaluated random forest’s accuracy in predicting violent or criminal behavior of juveniles compared to that of conventional logistic regression using different sets of risk factors. Drawing on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), we predicted three outcomes – arrests, convictions, and incarcerations – using three sets of predictors, starting with sociodemographic