(2021). SPECIAL ISSUE ON FAMILY SOCIALIZATION: DIVERSITY IN STRATEGIES, BELIEFS, AND PRACTICES. Research in Human Development: Vol. 18, Family Socialization: Diversity in Strategies, Beliefs, and Practices, pp. 237-238.

To explore processes by which mothers socialize children’s attitudes about gender stereotypes and sexism, we studied 62 mothers and their 6- to 8-year-old children. Mother-child dyads learned of a hypothetical camp director’s use of gender stereotypes to assign campers to various activities. Resulting conversations revealed variations in the types, frequencies, and patterns of participants’ discussions

ABSTRACT The purpose of the current study was to examine parent racial-coping socialization as a moderator of the relation between racial-ethnic microaggressions and two key outcomes for emerging adults- growth mind-set and psychological well-being. A sample of Black emerging adults (N = 441, Mean age = 18.7 years, 81% female) attending a Minority-Serving Institution (MSI) completed the study. Problem-focused

The goal of this study was to examine whether, in African American families with adolescents, the associations between adolescents’ racial discrimination experiences and adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors differed based on involved-vigilant parenting and the genders of the parent and child. The sample included 567 African American parents of adolescents who completed an

Research on ethnic-racial socialization in African American families has rarely examined parental messages about media, even though African American youth are among the heaviest media consumers, and media depictions are frequently biased. We surveyed 398 parents of African American 3- to 17-year-olds, asking how often they socialized their child using (a) ethnic-racial socialization, (b) parental mediation

As families in the United States (U.S.) are increasingly diverse in race and family structure, it is essential to understand family socialization around identity and possible associations with family relationships and child development. In this study, we investigated adoption communicative openness (i.e., how parents talk about adoption) and racial/cultural socialization among 96 adoptive families

Abstract Articles in this issue provide an overview of the initiative funded by the National Institutes of Health to advance an integrated science approach to basic behavioral and social research on resilience. The goal of the initiative is to elucidate human resilience within a general framework that encompasses a dynamic and multisystem approach, including multiple levels of analysis, time scales

Abstract Although many studies have unequivocally demonstrated the promise of understanding resilience to adversity and characterizing the consequences if stress is unabated, needed are dynamic theories and methods to enhance the rigor and interpretation of these assessments. From a dynamic systems perspective, the focus is not whether an individual possesses some fixed ability or unchangeable trait

Resilience is highly relevant in the context of cancer, and understanding how survivors adapt and potentially thrive following their diagnosis and treatment may provide insights into better supports and interventions to promote healthier survivorship. In this paper, we characterize two different ways to conceptualize and study resilience in cancer survivorship, as a trait and as a process. We focus

Psychological resilience as a longitudinal process is highly relevant for understanding the functioning outcomes of military populations. Here, we review the extant literature on resilience among military service members, focusing on National Guard Soldiers. Our specific project (Advancing Research on Mechanisms of Resilience, “ARMOR”) aims to develop a comprehensive model of resilience using a multilevel

The current study examined events by which four faculty members who teach in the same psychology doctoral program engaged each other in an allyship development process primarily related to race over the course of two years. The purpose of the study is to provide a model for allyship among faculty members in a psychology doctoral program. The study utilized critical incident techniques (CIT) and thematic

Although relational and multicultural feminist mentoring models have interrogated the role of relationships and power in graduate mentor-mentee relationships, less work has examined graduate student mentoring within psychology in the context of social justice and equity goals, and the processes by which ally and accomplice actions might emerge in doctoral mentoring and peer relationships, in particular

(2021). Correction Notice. Research in Human Development: Vol. 18, Developing and Fostering Ally and Accomplice Action, pp. 149-149.

(2021). Correction Notice. Research in Human Development: Vol. 18, Developing and Fostering Ally and Accomplice Action, pp. 150-150.

(2021). Correction Notice. Research in Human Development: Vol. 18, Developing and Fostering Ally and Accomplice Action, pp. 151-151.

There is a general understanding across the public and among academic researchers that resilience describes the ability of an individual, group, or institution to experience adversities and challenges and to persevere or to recover over time. In some academic literature, resilience can be operationalized as a trait while in other literature, resilience is more a process that can occur innately over

Allies are individuals who take action to end oppression in areas in which they have privilege. Although research on ally development is growing, prior research has often conceptualized allies in a binary fashion (privileged or oppressed), focused on only one specific area of privilege (e.g., race, as in White privilege), been limited to one specific context of development (e.g., college), or examined

The present report describes the motivation for the Michigan Twin Neurogenetic Study (MTwiNS), which seeks to illuminate the underlying biological mechanisms through which familial and community factors support resilience (i.e., adaptive competence in the face of adversity) in youth exposed to neighborhood disadvantage. To accomplish these goals, we must first understand how resilience manifests in

Whiteness, rooted in White supremacy, gives White people access to power while shielding them from seeing racism and its impacts or from acting to resist racism. Anti-racist allyship occurs when White people act to dismantle racist systems, and it therefore can reduce the socialization into values and epistemologies of Whiteness that uphold White supremacy. In the current study, we examined aspirations

Across the life course, individuals are embedded in multiple relationships that have considerable influence on development and well-being. This special issue uses diverse samples and methodologies to disentangle the effects of these ties on individuals and couples, while acknowledging how often different relationships intersect and the consequences of this overlap. This issue includes four articles

In-law relationships can act as sources of both support and stress for couples. Independent of the nature of the actual relationships with in-laws, it may be that couple similarity in perceptions of these ties determines if they undermine or facilitate marital stability. The current study sought to examine how spousal connections to in-laws and concordance about these relationships early in marriage

The papers in the current issue challenge these assumptions by offering commentary and guidelines for ethnic-racial identity across the lifespan and life course. They go beyond giving attention to only populations that have historically been associated with ethnic-racial identity and include information for multiracial- and White-American populations too. The papers in the current issue move away from

A critique of the ERI Lifespan model is offered. The ERI Lifespan Model appears to place undue weight on factors inherited rather than socialized. It also appears to lean toward a political frame of refence favoring a cultural-nationalist orientation. The Model does not explain how a significant percentage of youth categorized as ER at birth, nevertheless, achieve an identity centered on something

(2020). RESPONSE TO COMMENTARY. Research in Human Development: Vol. 17, Ethnic-Racial Identity and Lifespan, pp. 186-188.

This paper presents an application of the Lifespan Model of Ethnic-Racial Identity (ERI) Development (see Williams, et al., in press Williams, C. D., Byrd, C. M., Quintana, S. M., Anicama, C., Kiang, L., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Calzada, E. J., Pabón Gautier, M. C., Ejesi, K., Tuitt, N. R., Martinez-Fuentes, S., White, L., Marks, A. K., Rogers, L. O., & Whitesell, N. (in press). A lifespan model of ethnic-racial

The present study examines older adult married couples’ friendship support and strain trajectories. Friendship is essential across the life course. However, most studies examining friendship within the context of long-term marriages have not examined how friendship quality develops over time and have not treated the dyad as the unit of analysis. Growth mixture modeling and 3,608 married couples across

Loneliness is a mechanism through which marital quality relates to older adults’ mental health. Links between marital quality, loneliness, and depressive symptoms, however, are often examined independent of older adults’ functional health. The current study therefore examines whether associations between marital quality, loneliness, and depressive symptoms are contextually dependent on individuals’

The current paper presents a lifespan model of ethnic-racial identity (ERI) from infancy into adulthood. We conceptualize that ethnic-racial priming during infancy prompts nascent awareness of ethnicity/race that becomes differentiated across childhood and through adulthood. We propose that the components of ERI that have been tested to date fall within five dimensions across the lifespan: ethnic-racial

Research on ethnic-racial identity (ERI) and its development has increased exponentially over the past decade. In this paper we discuss five questions that the Lifespan ERI Study Group grappled with in our effort propose a lifespan model of ERI: (1) When does ERI development begin and end? (2) How do we account for age-dependent and contextually-initiated factors in ERI? (3) Should there be a reference

This reflective case study explores the ongoing process of developing and fostering allies and accomplices across privilege, considering how individual and systemic levels interact within interpersonal relationships. Using our longstanding relationships, we highlight key conceptual, relational, and emotional processes and strategies involved in ally and accomplice development. We consider the essential

A committed partner is a central relationship throughout adulthood and may have important health and relationship implications. More specifically, being pressured by a partner to change lifestyle behaviors (e.g., diet) can have negative effects on a relationship. Building on the life course perspective, this study examined individual mindfulness, the ability to remain aware in the present moment, as

Previous research links chronic health conditions and financial hardship to cognitive outcomes among older Blacks. However, few studies have explored the moderating effect of financial hardship on chronic disease burden and specific cognitive domains. This study examined whether financial hardship (as measured by difficulty paying monthly bills) modifies the impact of self-reported chronic health conditions

This special issue focuses on contextual factors that contribute to cognitive aging, as they have important implications for prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the global burden of age-related cognitive impairment. Context is defined broadly in terms of geographic residence, socioeconomic conditions, social network characteristics, and the spousal/partner relationship. Each of these lifetime

Overall social network size, often the sum of common lifetime relationships, including children, family, and friends, has been linked to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease. However, little research has examined the association between network size composition and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in the context of race/ethnicity. We investigated the associations between the

Little research has examined how the link between discrimination and cognitive health varies by where people live. This study investigates how living in non-urban versus urban areas in different regions in the United States moderates the discrimination-cognitive health link among older non-Hispanic Blacks. Data are from the 2012 and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N = 2,347). Regression

Empirical evidence linking racial/ethnic differences in glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) to cognitive function in midlife and early old age is limited. We use biomarker data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2006–2014), on adults 50–64 years at baseline (57–73 years by 2014), and fit multinomial logistic regression models to assess the association between baseline HbA1c, cognitive function

Loneliness is common in dementia caregivers as cognitive impairment (CI) alters marital and social relationships. Unexplored is how an individual’s loneliness is affected at earlier, more ambiguous, periods of their spouse’s CI. Using the Health and Retirement Study, our study participants included 2,206 coupled individuals with normal cognitive function at the 2006/8 baseline. Loneliness outcomes

Prior scholarship, especially in the behavioral and social sciences, has been based on narrow views of human development and particularly marked by the invisibility of minoritized youth. Responding to the call to reframe and broaden human development research, this special issue features four manuscripts led by undergraduate student-scholars with diverse lived experiences and social identities completing

Refugee youth actively navigate through their lives within and beyond interlocking structures of oppression and violence. They are subjected to narratives about them but not by them, that describe refugees as threats or victims of trauma. Educators must create intentional spaces, while considering youths’ gender, where refugee youth can construct their own narratives and be their own healing agents

Culturally diverse students come to school with rich traditions, heritage, and cultural funds of knowledge that are often undervalued and under-utilized in academic settings. Tailoring educational programs to draw from and build on youth’s experiences through culturally relevant and sustaining practices can enhance the effectiveness of programs designed to address existing disparities and promote students’

While the number of Asian Americans in the U.S. continues to grow and media use increases, misrepresentations of this group remain common in U.S. films. Examining representation of Asian Americans in the media is important because media can positively and negatively impact identity development, which is a fundamental cognitive, social, and developmental task related to understanding one’s place in

The global reach of mass media leaves few unexposed to Western ideals and ideas, which privilege White and Eurocentric images. Through a combination of visual and narrative stereotypes, ads, movies, print media and television distribute implicit messages about how humans should be viewed, categorized and commented on based on their perceived social identity. This juggernaut of disproportional representation

Human development approaches to time perspective that are life-span and include multiple developmental periods are largely lacking in the literature even though the topic has received wide attention from many scholars. Extant studies have focused on specific age groups or have compared younger and older adults. This introduction addresses these issues and provides on overview of the multidimensional

We used a multidimensional model of time perspective to examine how feelings and thoughts about the past, present, and future were related to optimism and sensation seeking among young adults. The dimensions of time perspective assessed were time feelings, the positive and negative emotions one has about the past, present, and future; time frequency, the amount of thinking about each time period; and

Previous research has suggested that time attitude profiles play a greater role in differentiating between adaptive and maladaptive outcomes than individual time attitude scores. In this manuscript, we examined this claim in two samples of American adolescents. The Study 1 sample consisted of 300 participants aged 12 to 19 (M = 16.06, SD = 1.25; 40% female) from diverse ethnic-racial groups. In this

The current research extends the time perspective literature by exploring the relationships between time perspectives and financial outcomes across several adult age groups. In combining various demographically diverse samples, our study includes a total of 9,065 adults that completed some form of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). We found that people who are Future-oriented tend to have

In studies with older adults, future time perspective (FTP) is most frequently assessed using the Carstensen and Lang FTP scale. However, it has been proposed that that this scale is actually composed of three interrelated subcomponents. Within a sample of 189 community-dwelling older adults (aged 60–85), we replicated a three-component structure. We also found that these subscales vary in their relationships

Youth in high achieving schools (HAS) are at elevated risk for serious adjustment problems—including internalizing and externalizing symptoms and substance use—given unrelenting pressures to be “the best.” For resilience researchers, successful risk evasion in these high-pressure settings should, arguably, be defined in terms of the absence of serious symptoms plus behaviorally manifested integrity

The five papers in this issue address myths and realities associated with human development research and theorizing. The papers represent diverse perspectives on sexual minority youth, resilience and risk for youth in high achieving schools, a reconceptualization of hostility in African American parenting styles, a critical examination of diversity and contact for students attending racial/ethnically

African American parenting strategies are important in the development of prosocial behavior and are linked to empathy, self-efficacy, and racial identity. This study examined how adolescent-perceived parenting strategies (i.e., warmth, “hostility,” cultural socialization) combined to form parenting styles and how these related to positive outcomes. Participants were 358 low-income, urban southern

Using multiple regression analysis and Pearson’s R, the current exploratory study of 89 African American male adolescents (M = 12.5 years old) examined relationships among REI (i.e., 20 as a socialization product of identity formation processes), prosocial behaviors (i.e., represented as supportive behavioral orientation in response to stress), and aggression (i.e., a reactive coping strategy). Significant

Few societal attitudes and opinions have changed as quickly as those regarding sexual minority people and rights. In the context of dramatic social change, there have been multiple policy changes toward social inclusion and rights for lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people, and perceptions that the sociocultural context for LGB people—perhaps particularly for youth—has improved. Yet recent evidence

As the United States diversifies, we review research on both the benefits and challenges of diversity in developmental science. Taking a “contact in context” approach, we focus on how structural and interpersonal diversity influence ethnic/racial developmental processes and outcomes from early childhood to adolescence. We also consider how a child’s own ethnicity/race may shape diversity experiences

(2018). Being Human in Hard Times: Disturbing Trends and Signs of Hope. Research in Human Development: Vol. 15, No. 3-4, pp. 181-181.

Life transitions are often conceptualized and studied as individual experiences. But in reality, transitions are rarely individual: they are relational. We offer a set of insights into the social aspects of transitions. Transitions are experienced with and alongside others in states of interdependence. Family and other relationships can be key sources of support for transitions but also create risks

(2018). Being Human in Hard Times. Research in Human Development: Vol. 15, No. 3-4, pp. 182-186.

The authors’ aim in this article is to stimulate thinking and a new generation of scholarship on how compassion develops over the life span and may be cultivated to improve individual and societal health, well-being, and interpersonal relationships. The authors discuss conceptualizations of compassion, overview research on the development of compassion, and outline prospects for prevention and health-promotion

There is a clash between the idea of authenticity and the idea of deception. Here the author relates this clash to the rise in self-focus. Proposed is a model suggesting that the change in parenting as unreserved love, rather than rules and standards like etiquette, causes this increase in self-focus. In turn, self-focus leads to increases in shame, narcissism and perfectionism. It is this increase

It is important that we understand the role of significant life events such as failure, adversity, and trauma in human development. However, substantive methodological limitations in research on post-traumatic growth (PTG) has hampered this endeavor. Specifically, with narratives of growth following life challenges likely provide valuable information about the course of lives, retrospective quantitative

Socialization of young people today especially emphasizes cognitive and academic-skills development. Although these skills are important, society is making a serious mistake in underestimating the importance of wisdom-based skills. As a result, we are raising a generation of individuals who may be smart but may also be foolish, or even worse, toxic to themselves and others. This article newly contributes