Specimens of cast iron rolls are studied after multiple operations of tempering at 300°C. X-ray diffraction and phase analyses are performed. The temperature of the start and finish of the phase transformations in the iron are determined. Tests for abrasive wear are conducted, and the hardness of the rolls is measured. It is shown that multiple tempering lowers the content of “soft” structural components

The characteristics of power consumption are considered depending on the parameters of the billet, on the design of the facility, and on the mode of TFIH annealing of copper and brass ribbons. The mechanical properties of the alloys are determined. Amethod for indirect online power control and control of the TFIH process is suggested for obtaining rolled products in the states of retrogression, primary

Specimens from steel 316L obtained by four variants of cold gas-dynamic spraying of powders and subsequent hot isostatic pressing at a temperature of 1100°C and a pressure of 150 MPa are studied. The optimum parameters of the spraying process are determined. The microstructure is analyzed, the elemental composition and the porosity of the tested specimens are determined. It is shown that the volume

The laws of formation of austenite grains in steel 55 under heating from the ferrite-pearlite range to the austenite range are studied. The sizes of the former austenite grins are determined after every stage of the heat treatment. The size distribution histograms are plotted. The processes responsible for grain refinement are studied under heating in two temperature ranges, i.e., 720 – 760°C and 1060

The structure and mechanical properties of steel 45 are studied after “helical rolling – pressing” combined deformation. It is shown that the combined process is an effective means for formation of an ultrafine-grained structure and improvement of mechanical properties of steel 45.

Recommendations are developed for selection of criteria for estimation of the susceptibility of steels to corrosion cracking in accelerated tests. The fracture behavior of pipe steels under different loading rates and temperatures is studied experimentally in environments containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Depending on the yield strength of the steel, such criteria are shown to be the

The possibility of creation of high-nitrogen steels and alloys with superequilibrium concentrations of nitrogen and principally novel and high properties by the method of gas thermobaric treatment (GTBT) in compressed molecular nitrogen is considered. The process of GTBT in compressed nitrogen is shown to be efficient for low-alloy structural steels, tool steels, steels with specific physical properties

Comparative studies of alloys of the Sm – Co – Cu – Fe – Zr system fabricated by vacuum induction melting from pure blend components and recoverable resources are performed. The results of the scanning and transmission electron microscopy, local chemical analysis, x-ray phase analysis and other studies show that the chemical and phase compositions of the hard magnetic alloys are virtually identical

Effect of zirconium additions on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness and wear resistance of high-entropy AlCoCrCuFe alloys with equal mole fractions of the components is studied. The methods of x-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy and mechanical wear tests are used for the metallographic study. Zirconium additions are shown to affect positively the hardness, strength

Briquettes of Al – 7% Fe – 38% Sn are obtained by pressing a mixture of elementary powders of aluminum, iron and tin. It is shown that the structure of the sintered composite is represented by clusters formed from aluminum particles with tin layers over the boundaries and clusters of iron-containing particles also separated by tin layers.

The methods of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis and x-ray diffractometry are used to study the kinetics and the mechanism of formation of complex-composition oxide scale on the surface of heat-resistant steel 25Cr18Ni9Si2 during oxidation at 900°C for 500 h. The composition of the scale and the proportion of the gain in the weight to the duration of the oxidation are determined

Austenitic steel AFA alloyed with 4% Al is studied in the state as delivered and after annealing at 1050 and 1230°C. The chemical composition of the steel is determined, the microstructure is analyzed, and the morphology of the secondary phases is studied using scanning electron microscopy and diffraction analysis. The high-temperature creep curves are plotted. The variation of the properties of the

The effect of low-distortion quenching in a low-concentration polymer medium on the combination of properties of sheet preforms and parts from aluminum alloys is studied. The mechanical characteristics in tensile tests and the electrical conductivity are determined. Tests for low-cycle fatigue and different kinds of corrosion (layer corrosion, intercrystalline corrosion and stress corrosion cracking)

The possibility of forming coatings with a high content of amorphous phase by knock (detonation) spraying of a powder of alloy Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 of fraction 45 – 75 μm is considered. Results of comparative tests of the coatings and of a stainless steel check test piece for abrasive wear under friction against nonrigidly fixed abrasive particles conducted according to ASTM G65D are presented. The wear

A process for fabricating metal-polymer composite materials by impregnating porous aluminum and magnesium with a rapidly solidifying filling plastic is suggested. Tests of mechanical and operating properties of the metal-polymer composite materials are performed.

The structural state and the post-deformation mechanical properties of steel 10 (bcc), copper M1 (fcc) and titanium Grade 4 (hcp) are studied using the method of free torsion of cylindrical billets below the temperature of recrystallization. The metal acquires a gradual strain distribution with maximum strain in the surface layer, which provides intense grain refinement and hardening. The refinement

The microstructure and the hardness of composites with copper matrix and reinforcing additions of 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Co – Ti obtained by mixing particles of the reinforcing powder with high-purity copper powder, pressing, and sintering at 1000°C are studied. The density of the composite materials is determined. The conditions for fabrication of the densest composite with a high hardness are found.

Comparative studies of the microstructure, porosity and hardness of the surface layer of a low-carbon steel are performed after nitrocarburizing by traditional single-cycle and novel multi-cycle treatments. The sizes and the content of pores in the surface layer are determined, the profile of the variation of microhardness over its thickness is plotted, and an x-ray diffraction analysis is performed

The relation between microstructure and mechanical properties of carbide-free bainitic steel 0.2% C – 1.53% Mn – 1.1% Si – 1% Cr – 0.3% Mo – 0.5% N under thermomechanical treatment is studied under isothermal conditions and under continuous air cooling. Impact tests of Charpy specimens, metallographic and x-ray diffraction analyses of the steel deformed by different variants are conducted. The size

An alternative kinetic model is suggested for analyzing the growth of iron boride layers on the surface of steel AISI 316 in the range of 1123 – 1273 K. The approach is based on classical Fick’s laws with allowance for the effect of the incubation period on the process of formation of boride layers. The activation energy of boron is calculated for FeB and Fe2B and compared to published data. The model

The structure and the tribological properties of steel AISI 1010 are studied after boronizing and aluminizing in powder mixtures at 850°C for 1, 3 and 5 h. The effect of the duration of the thermochemical treatment on the thickness of the diffusion layer, the surface hardness and the wear rate of steel AISI 1010 is determined. X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive analyses are performed and adhesion

Special features of thermomechanical behavior and structure formation of shape memory alloy Ti – 19 at.% Zr – 14 at.% Nb for medical applications are studied under the conditions of upsetting at 600 – 1000°C with strain rates 0.1, 1, and 10 sec–1. The main parameters of the compressive stress–strain diagram are determined. Metallographic and x-ray diffraction analyses of the alloy are performed. The