Objective: Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate. AMPA receptor blockers have been reported to prevent neurological damage and enhance the post stroke recovery in rats. Decanoic acid, a medium-chain fatty acid, has been reported to exhibit non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonism. This study evaluated the effect of decanoic acid

Background and aims The validity of high uric acid levels as an independent cause of stroke remains controversial, and the association between its low concentration and stroke is unclear. This study determines how different serum uric acid (SUA) levels are associated with stroke risk. Methods This cross-sectional study used continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data in the United

Objectives There is limited data evaluating effects of post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) blood pressure (BP) control on short-term clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). We aim to investigate the association of BP variations, after MT, with stroke early outcomes. Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted on AIS patients with LVO

Objectives Pyroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death that has a strong proinflammatory effect. The present study investigated the dynamic changes of pyroptosis-related molecules and the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on pyroptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and Methods The temporal pattern and cellular distribution of caspase-1, Gasdermin D and E (GSDMD

Objective To investigate the association of CYP metabolic pathway-related genetic polymorphisms with the susceptibility to ischemic stroke and stability of carotid plaque in southeast China. Methods We consecutively enrolled 294 acute ischemic stroke patients with carotid plaque and 282 controls from Wenling First People's Hospital. The patients were divided into the carotid vulnerable plaque group

Introduction Post-stroke delirium (PSD) is a common yet underrecognized complication following stroke, with its effect on stroke rehabilitation being the subject of limited attention. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of core issues in PSD including epidemiology, diagnostic challenges, and management considerations, with an emphasis on the rehabilitation phase. Methods

The case study speculates that the antiphospholipid antibodies acquired during the follow-up period of carotid artery stenting may cause late stent thrombosis that is resistant to direct oral anticoagulants. A 73-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of weakness in the right lower extremity. The patient had undergone carotid artery stenting for symptomatic stenosis of the left internal carotid

Objectives The epidemiology of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is unclear. This study describes the antecedent characteristics of SAH patients, compares the risk of SAH between women and men, and explores if this changes with age. Materials and methods Retrospective cohort study using an electronic health records network based in the USA (TriNetX). All patients aged 18-90y with at least

Abstract not available

Objectives Atrioesophagel fistula (AEF) is a rare, but potentially deadly complication of atrial ablation procedures. We present a case of a patient with cardioembolic cerebral infarcts and sepsis secondary to an atrioesophageal fistula, which likely developed after an atrial ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation. Case presentation A 66-year-old man initially presented to an emergency department

Objectives We aimed to determine if achieving a 10-m walk target within the first week of stroke onset correlates with independent outdoor walking at discharge and discharge to home for patients with stroke. Materials and methods This study included 226 patients transferred to the subacute rehabilitation hospital (SRH) between January 2018 and March 2021. Data obtained from hospital records included

Background and Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and atherosclerotic carotid stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke were consecutively enrolled. Daily food consumption was estimated by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DTAC was calculated based on classified

Background We examined area-level (aSES) and individual-level (iSES) socio-economic status on trajectories of HRQoL to 10 years following stroke. Methods Participants with strokes between 1/5/1996 and 30/4/1999 completed the Assessment of Quality of Life instrument (AQoL, range: -0.04 [worse than death] to 0 [death] to 1 [full health]) at ≥one of 3month, 6-month, 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 4-year, 5-year

Question Is it feasible and safe to conduct an exercise dose-finding study in people with stroke? Is it possible to determine a minimal dose of exercise required to see clinically meaningful improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness? Methods Dose-escalation study. Twenty people with stroke (n=5 per cohort) who were able to walk independently participated in home-based, telehealth-supervised aerobic

Background Decreased organ function and poor physical compensatory capacity in elderly patients diagnosed with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can make surgical treatment procedures challenging and risky. Minimally invasive puncture drainage (MIPD) combined with urokinase infusion therapy is a safe and feasible method of treating ICH. This study aimed to compare the treatment efficacy of

Introduction Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). Although > 70% of patients in the trials assessing EVT for AIS-LVO had successful recanalization, only a third ultimately achieved favorable outcomes. A “no-reflow” phenomenon due to distal microcirculation disruption might contribute to such suboptimal outcomes

Background Circadian variability has been implicated in timing of stroke onset, yet the full impact of underlying biological rhythms on acute stroke perfusion patterns is not known. We aimed to describe the relationship between time of stroke onset and perfusion profiles in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted using prospective registries

Objective An analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between dietary fibre intake and stroke risk. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang and Weipu databases were systematically searched to obtain peer-reviewed literature on the relationship between dietary fibre and stroke risk. The search time was as of 1 April 2023. Newcastle–Ottawa

Background To examine the reasonable duration of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring (CEM) to detect AF at acute ischemic stroke. Materials and Method 811 consecutive patients admitted to Tsuruga Municipal Hospital by acute ischemic stroke between April 2013 and December 2021 were enrolled in this study. Excluding 78 patients, 733 patients were analyzed by cluster analysis with SurvCART algorithm

Objective To test the hypothesis that intracranial arterial calcification (IAC) is associated with intracranial large artery stenosis (ILAS) and a higher risk of vascular events and mortality. Method We leveraged data from two cohorts, the New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center Stroke Registry Study (NYP/CUIMC-SRS) and the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) to test our

Background Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple etiologies, placing a heavy burden on the world. Our purpose was to clarify the association between CASZ1 genetic variants and stroke risk in the Chinese population. Methods The Agena MassARRAY platform effectively genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms of CASZ1 in recruited 591 stroke patients and 553 healthy controls. Logistic regression

Objectives Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) are increasingly important in the evaluation of care. In this study we evaluate patient PROM in stroke patients and the association with clinical reported outcomes. Materials and methods Of 3706 first-ever stroke patients, 1861 were discharged home and invited to fill out PROM at discharge, 90 days and one-year after stroke. PROM include mental and

Objectives Risk factors and causes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are more diverse in young adults, and traditional stroke classifications may be inadequate. Precise characterisation of AIS is important for guiding management and prognostication. We describe stroke subtypes, risk factors and etiologies for AIS in a young Asian adult population. Materials and methods Young AIS patients aged 18-50 years

Background Stroke-related mortality and disability-adjusted life years in adults younger than 65 have increased over the last decade. However, geographical differences in distributing these outcomes could reflect dissimilarity in determinants. Therefore, this cross-sectional study of secondary data from Chilean hospitals aims to analyze the association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with

Background Death from stroke is linked to cancer due to its pathogenesis and side effects of treatment. Despite this, guidelines regarding identifying cancer patients at the highest risk of mortality from stroke are unclear. Aims To determine which cancer subtypes are associated with higher risk of death from stroke. Methods The National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results

Purpose We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of early and late onset seizures following stroke mechanic thrombectomy (MT) compared with other systematic thrombolytic strategies. Methods A literature search was conducted to identify articles covering databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) published from 2000 to 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence

Background Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of cognitive impairment worldwide and includes a spectrum from vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND) to vascular dementia (VaD). There is no specific pharmacological treatment approved for VCI. Physical activity has been indicated to be a promising preventive measure for cognition, with direct as indirectly benefits

Objectives Recently published results of the ANGEL-ASPECT and SELECT2 trials suggest that stroke patients presenting with low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) benefit from mechanical thrombectomy. Purpose of this retrospective study was to identify factors that are associated with a favorable outcome in patients with low ASPECTS of 4-5 and 0-3 undergoing mechanical thrombectomy

Background Inflammation plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis and progression of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) has been demonstrated as a novel biomarker to indicate the severity of inflammatory reaction. This study aimed to explore the association between RPR before intravenous thrombolysis and early neurological deterioration (END)

Background Although observational studies have reported favorable clinical outcomes associated with intra-arterial thrombolysis as adjunct to mechanical thrombectomy, the cost and length of hospitalization associated with this intervention has not been studied. Methods We analyzed the nationally representative data of the United States data from Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to compare hospitalization

Background and Objectives Prior research on volume-based patient outcomes related to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have demonstrated contradictory results and fail to reflect recent advances in stroke care. We sought to examine contemporary relationships between hospital AIS volumes and outcomes. Methods We used complete Medicare datasets in a retrospective cohort study using validated International

Objective Upper limb recovery is a crucial component of stroke rehabilitation aimed to maximize functional activities and reduce disability. Using both arms post stroke is essential to carry out many functional activities but the evidence on bilateral arm training (BAT) is understudied. To investigate the evidence for efficacy of task-based BAT on upper limb recovery, function, and participation post

Objectives Multiple prior studies have shown a relationship between COVID-19 and strokes; further, COVID-19 has been shown to influence both time-to-thrombectomy and overall thrombectomy rates. Using large-scale, recently released national data, we assessed the association between COVID-19 diagnosis and patient outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy. Materials and methods Patients in this study

Purpose In past pediatric and adult cohort studies of moyamoya disease, the fetal posterior cerebral artery has received less attention. Its relationship with the clinical manifestations and collateral circulation of moyamoya disease or ipsilateral cerebral hemispheres remains unclear. Method We summarize the clinical features of patients with and without fetal posterior cerebral artery moyamoya disease

Objectives Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) affects more than a million Americans but advanced care for symptomatic lesions and access to research studies is largely limited to referral academic centers Materials and methods A cohort of CCM patients screened for research studies at an accredited center of excellence for CCM was analyzed. Demographics, lesion location, history of hemorrhage, insurance

Objectives Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (sDAVF) is a rare and often underdiagnosed spinal disease. Early diagnosis is required because the deficits are reversible and delays in treatment cause permanent morbidity. Although the abnormal vascular flow void is a critical radiographic feature of sDAVF, they are not always present. A characteristic enhancement pattern of sDAVF has been recently reported

Objectives Demand for thrombectomy, and interhospital transfer to comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs), for acute stroke is increasing. There is an urgent need to identify patients most likely to benefit from transfer. We evaluated whether CSC providers’ review of neuroimaging prior to transfer acceptance improved patient selection for thrombectomy and correlated with higher rates of treatment. Materials

Sinus Valsalva aneurysms (SVA) are rare asymptomatic cardiac anomalies, which can rupture and cause heart failure, myocardial infarction and also, they can be a potential source for embolic strokes. We report the first case of a patient with acute ischemic stroke associated with a ruptured SVA, who was treated with intravenous thrombolysis (tPA) without further complications.

Objective To examine changes in drugs for subacute stroke patients and elucidate the impact of medications on rehabilitation outcomes. Materials and methods A total of 295 subacute stroke patients who were admitted to the convalescent rehabilitation ward between June 2018 and May 2019 were included. Polypharmacy was defined as five or more drugs at admission. The primary outcome was the Functional

Introduction The Critical Area Perfusion Score (CAPS) predicts functional outcomes in vertebrobasilar thrombectomy patients based on computed tomography perfusion (CTP) hypoperfusion. We compared CAPS to the clinical-radiographic Charlotte Large artery occlusion Endovascular therapy Outcome Score (CLEOS). Methods Acute basilar thrombosis patients from January 2017–December 2021 were included in this

Introduction There are few reported cases of ipsilateral weakness following ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. In these rare cases, ipsilateral weakness is typically the result of damage to uncrossed components of the corticospinal tract (CST) which were recruited in response to previous CST injury. Patients and methods We report a series of six cases of acute ipsilateral weakness or numbness following

Objectives To delineate diurnal variation onset distinguishing ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke, wake from sleep onset, and weekdays from weekends/holidays. Materials and Methods We analyzed patients enrolled in the FAST-MAG trial of field-initiated neuroprotective agent in patients with hyperacute stroke within 2h of symptoms onset. Stroke onset times were analyzed in 1h, 4h, and 12h time blocks throughout

Protein-losing gastroenteropathies are characterized by an excessive loss of serum proteins into the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in hypoalbuminemia. Some rare cases are complicated with ischemic stroke. We report a 24-year-old woman who developed acute dysarthria and right hemiplegia 4 months after delivering her first baby by cesarean section. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed

Objective To explore the effects of different doses of dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole on neurobehaviors and changes of mitochondrial membrane potential in rats with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 75 SPF Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=20), model group (n=20), pramipexole administration group (n=35). The rat model of global cerebral

Background Very early rehabilitation after stroke appears to worsen outcome, particularly in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Plausible mechanisms include increased mean blood pressure (BP) and BP variability. Aims To test associations between early mobilisation, subacute BP and survival, in observational data of ICH patients during routine clinical care. Methods We collected demographic, clinical

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic public health restrictions on our drip and ship mechanical thrombectomy program in Santiago Chile. Materials and methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database comparing two cohorts, one during a two-year period before COVID-19 and the second during the two years of the pandemic at our

Objective To retrospectively examine sex-differences and predictors of completion in consecutively-referred patients to a 6-month exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) from 2006 to 2017. Materials/methods People with hemiplegic gait participated in stroke-adapted-CRP; otherwise, traditional-CRP. Reasons for non-completion were ascertained by interview. Regression-analyses were conducted

Background Ischemic stroke is the obstruction of cerebral blood flow with a high morbidity. Microglial polarization is a contributing factor for ischemic stroke-induced injury. Here, we focused on function and mechanism of RNA binding protein RPS3 in microglial polarization after ischemic stroke. Methods Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was conducted in SD rats. Infarct area was detected

Abstract not available

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Objectives Data regarding MR vessel-wall imaging (VWI) in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) is sparse, particularly in non-asian cohorts. We contribute data regarding the frequency of vessel wall contrast-enhancement (VW-CE) and its potential clinical significance in a European patient group. Materials and methods Patients with a diagnosis of MMD who were examined by VWI were included in the study

Objectives We evaluated the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolization as first-line stand-alone strategy for the treatment of low-grade brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) (Spetzler Martin [SM] grade I and II) in pediatric patients. In addition, we assessed the predictors of procedure-related complications and radiographic complete obliteration in a single session. Material and methods

Trial Design Current protocols for treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous thrombolytics, such as alteplase (tPA) and tenecteplase (tNK), recommend the completion of a routine non-contrast head CT at 24 hours post treatment to evaluate for hemorrhage prior to the initiation of antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention. This guideline was instituted because it had been part of

Introduction In acute ischemic strokes (AIS), the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) and CT perfusion (CTP) are commonly used to determine mechanical thrombectomy eligibility. Prior work suggests that CTA source image (CTA-SI) ASPECTS (CTAasp) and a newly described CTA maximum intensity projection (CTA-MIP) ASPECTS (MIPasp) better predict the final infarct core. Our goal

Objectives Aphasia is an acquired language-cognitive disorder that highly affects an individual's speech, language, and communication skills. Recovery from aphasia requires attentive treatment since it is a long and dynamic process. This study aimed to show interactive benefits of combining classical intervention strategies with new technological approaches and demonstrating their effectiveness. Materials

Objectives We employed Mendelian randomization to determine whether genetically predicted circulating levels of endothelial-derived adhesion molecules (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1]), soluble vascular-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 [sVCAM-1], and soluble-endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule [sE-selectin]) were associated with functional outcome after ischemic stroke. Methods

Objectives Frailty is associated with a range of poor post-stroke outcomes. There is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the temporal relationship between pre-stroke frailty status and other related factors with functional recovery after stroke. This study aims to evaluate pre-stroke frailty status and health-related factors associated with functional independence among community-dwelling

Objectives Post-stroke dysphagia is associated with aspiration pneumonia, but strategies intended to mitigate this complication, such as oral intake modifications, may unintentionally lead to dehydration-related complications such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and constipation. This study aimed to determine the rates of aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, UTI and constipation in a large cohort

Objectives In-hospital stroke (IHS) is common and has a poor prognosis. Limited data were about the mechanisms of IHS, posing a challenge in taking measures to prevent stroke during hospitalization. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of IHS and their relevance to prognosis. Materials and Methods Patients with in-hospital acute ischemic stroke at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from