Seismic events and aftershocks can cause devastating impacts on overground and underground energy system infrastructure. This article designs a novel approach to restore energy system functionality in response to seismic stresses by using coordinated dynamic system reconfiguration and operation. First, the impact of seismic stresses on system infrastructure is evaluated, considering critical system

An online distributed neurodynamic optimization method for energy management in smart grids is proposed to minimize the operational cost of smart grids, considering various constraints, such as output bounds, state of charge of battery storage systems, network congestion and voltage limits. The proposed distributed neurodynamic optimization method adopts a consensus protocol using the signs of the

This paper proposes a robust cost-optimal scheduling of a battery energy storage system (BESS) integrated with a photovoltaic power plant (PV). A power grid with an incentive policy is considered. Power transactions between the grid and its energy resources are normally charged according to the hourly price. Additional hourly incentive is provided if the day-ahead submitted schedule is maintained.

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in distributed residential batteries for households with renewable generation. Yet, assuring battery assets are profitable for their owners requires a complex optimisation of the battery asset and additional revenue sources, such as novel ways to access wholesale energy markets. In this paper, we propose a framework in which wholesale market bids are placed

Long-distance power transmission makes a large-scale centralized photovoltaic (PV) power plant (CPPP) integrated into a weak power grid with a low short circuit ratio. Under this condition, small fluctuations in PV power are likely to cause significant fluctuations in system-wide voltage. To overcome this problem, a novel CPPP Volt-Var control (VVC) strategy is proposed. Unlike the conventional VVC

Global issues pertaining to climate change have necessitated the rapid deployment of new energy sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) generation. In smart grids, accurate forecasting is essential to ensure the reliability and economy of the power system. However, PV generation is severely affected by meteorological factors, which hinders accurate forecasting. Various types of data, such as local measurement

Due to the droop control applied in islanded DC microgrids, DC bus voltage recovery, and current sharing cannot be guaranteed simultaneously. To solve this problem, a distributed dynamic event-triggered control method is proposed in this paper. The presented control scheme can remove DC bus voltage deviation while achieving the current sharing among distributed generation (DG) units. In addition, the

Developing solar power generation technology is an efficient approach to relieving the global environmental crisis. However, solar energy is an energy source with strong uncertainty, which restricts large-scale photovoltaic (PV) applications until accurate solar energy predictions can be achieved. PV power forecasting methods have been widely researched based on existing predictions of satellite-derived

High penetration of intermittent renewable energy resources (RES) will impose great challenges on the conventional voltage control in distribution networks. This paper proposes a two-stage cost-effective coordinated voltage control strategy to mitigate fast voltage violations while minimizing the total voltage regulation cost. In the first stage, the optimal power flow (OPF) is performed to determine

To address the growing dynamic issues in the power electronics-based power system, this paper proposed an enhanced impedance-based stability analysis which can not only obtain the global view of system dynamics, but also provide a tailor-made stabilization solution by the direct use of the measured black-box models. With the proposed method, the dynamic interactions at selected multiple ports of the

The balanced, unbalanced and harmonic current sharing inaccuracy caused by the mismatched wire impedances of distributed generation (DG) units influences the normal operation of islanded microgrids. To deal with this issue, an iterative virtual impedance regulation (IVIR) strategy is proposed in this paper, both the resistive and reactive parts in the output impedances of DG units are regulated. The

This paper presents a fast power-setpoint tracking algorithm to enable utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems to provide high quality grid services such as power reserves and fast frequency response. The algorithm unites maximum power-point estimation (MPPE) with flexible power-point tracking (FPPT) control to improve the performance of both algorithms, achieving fast and accurate PV power-setpoint

In the wave energy converter (WEC) optimal control problem, the well-developed model predictive control (MPC) faces the trade-off between energy extraction performance and online computation burden when choosing the length of optimization horizon. In this work, a novel MPC problem formulation is proposed, which includes a terminal value function and a terminal constraint set. The terminal value function

Power system flexibility is seen as a key for addressing the management challenges in the future smart grids. Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) can provide the necessary flexibility to: a) maintain a stable frequency and a secure energy supply in an overall system perspective, and b) maintain bus voltages and secure transfer capacities in their local networks. In this context, Flexibility Service

This paper proposes a novel analytical solution framework for power flow (PF) solutions in active distribution networks under uncertainty. We use the Gaussian process (GP) regression to learn node voltage as a function of effective bus load or negative net-injection vector. The proposed approximation is valid over a subspace of load and provides an understanding of system behavior under uncertainty

Interaction between wind farms and AC systems can cause oscillatory instabilities across a wide frequency band. Owing to the high-order nature of integrated wind power system, it is almost impossible to determine the system stability directly with the criterion based on the zeroes of the determinant of the impedance matrix. To address this issue, a stability analysis method of zeros identification

Recent expansion of inverter-based renewable generation (RG) has introduced unprecedented stability issues. One major challenge stems from tripping RGs offline during disturbances based on predefined operation thresholds (ride through curves) on voltage magnitudes and frequency at the point of common coupling (PCC). The current practice uses a single set of thresholds for the whole year across all

A method for analyzing wind turbine-radar interference is presented. A model is used to derive layouts for siting wind turbines that reduces their impact on radar systems, potentially allowing for increased wind turbine development near radar sites. By choosing a specific wind turbine grid stagger based on a wind farm's orientation relative to a radar site, the impacts on that radar can be minimized

Probabilistic forecasts provide a distribution of possible outputs and so can capture the uncertainty and variability of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE). However, taking advantage of uncertainty information has practical challenges that make it difficult to integrate probabilistic forecasting into control room decision-making. This paper proposes a novel use-case for probabilistic forecasts by incorporating

Since wave fluctuates continuously, the forecast of the wave energy is very important for the operation of power systems integrated with large-scale wave energy generation. A combined model of day-ahead wave energy forecast based on improved grey BP neural network (BPNN) and modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition (MEEMD) -autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) is proposed in this

An experimental and numerical time-domain analysis of the early electric response of two kw-class Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) under different state of charge, electrolyte flow and load is presented. The numerical analysis resorted to an equivalent circuit whose parameters were identified from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Two discharge modes were investigated: natural

With the rapid growth of wind power penetration in power grid, the system operators need to implement the grid specification of wind farm participating in primary frequency regulation (PFR). In this paper, a double-layer control framework based on permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is proposed, which can simulate the inertia and droop characteristics similar to thermal units. The top-layer

Although the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is gaining widespread acceptance, the intermittency and instability of PV power generation lead to several operational challenges. PV power generation can be impacted by multiple environmental factors, such as the soiling of solar PV panels. There are some conventional methods proposed to deterministically estimate the solar power loss caused

This article proposes a coordinated operation strategy for a virtual power plant (VPP) with multiple DER aggregators under the wholesale energy and regulation service market. Considering the market clearing process, VPP operation profit, and DER aggregators’ interests, a tri-layer hierarchical framework for VPP is developed to formulate the bidding plans to the superordinate market operator and the

Thermostatically controlled load (TCL, such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system) is a desirable demand-side flexibility source in distribution networks. It can participate in regulation services and mitigate power imbalances from fluctuating distributed renewable generation. To effectively utilize the load flexibility from spatially and temporally distributed TCLs in a distribution

In response to the automatic generation control (AGC) signals, the direct power control of a large-scale PV power plant easily encounters the communication bottlenecks, the high optimization difficulty and computation burden due to the large number of controllable inverters with different response performances. To handle these problems, a hierarchical framework of coordinated power control (CPC) is

With the increase in wind generation installed capacity, the uncertainty of wind power has brought great challenges to wind power accommodation. The accurate assessment result of wind power accommodation capability (WPAC) has important guiding significance to the formulation of the day-ahead wind power trading plan for the multi-energy microgrid (MEMG). This paper proposes a WPAC assessment method

This letter proposes an enhanced sufficient battery model (ESBM) as well as a binary search algorithm for an improved inner-approximation of the aggregate flexibility of thermostatically controlled load (TCL) arrays. Compared with the previous work on generalized battery models, our ESBM preserves the merits of being sufficient and reduces conservativity. Moreover, unlike the works ignoring the coupling

This paper proposes a novel sensitivity-based transactive energy (TE) framework for real-time coordination of electric vehicles (EVs) with voltage control in low-voltage (LV) power distribution network (PDN). The proposed framework employs a combination of economic and control mechanisms that enables EVs to participate in the real-time local energy market (LEM) and mitigates the voltage issues in the

Considering the increased trend that power systems are closer to the operating bounds because of the increased demand and new challenges in consideration of gas systems and wind power, this paper investigates long-term voltage stability-constrained integrated electric and gas system optimal scheduling in consideration of wind energy integration. A sufficient condition, which is represented as an explicit

Increasing demand for renewable energy has led to a rapid growth of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms around the world. As a critical component of the DFIG-based wind farms, online monitoring of the connected transmission cable is essential to maintain the reliability of the entire wind power plant. A novel online monitoring method for power cables in DFIG-based wind farms using

VSC-HVDC technology has great application prospects in the field of offshore wind system. In order to realize the capability of fault ride through of offshore wind VSC-HVDC system, this paper proposes a modular multilevel converter with integrated energy dissipation equipment (IEDE-MMC), which combines the complementary advantages of MMC and DC chopper. The working process of the short-time pulse of

With the increasing concern on climate change and global warming, the reduction of carbon emission becomes an important topic in many aspects of human society. The development of energy Internet (EI) makes it possible to achieve better utilization of distributed renewable energy sources with the power sharing functionality introduced by energy routers (ERs). In this paper, a bottom-up EI architecture

The increasing penetration of renewables tends to demand more flexibility from gas-fired units to maintain system reliability, which significantly strengthens the interdependency between the electricity and the natural gas markets. To this end, intra-day gas market trading may be necessary, and a completely deregulated natural gas market may emerge in the future. As the interdependency between the

This study proposes a distributed load restoration method to effectively model and solve the load restoration problem of integrated power distribution and natural gas systems (IDGSs) after faults for resilient operation. The IDGS load restoration problem is devised as a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model to minimize the total load loss cost of IDGS. This model considers distribution

Thanks to its fast self-synchronization capability, the virtual oscillator control (VOC) has become an emerging control technique for grid-connected inverters, especially in single-phase applications. Nevertheless, the nonlinearity of VOC inverters impacts its dynamic behavior, and there is a trade-off between the system stability and accurate power regulation in VOC-based microgrids. This paper studies

With the development of energy intelligent technology, integrated energy system (IES) has been widely used in the field of energy supply. While the IES significantly improves energy efficiency, the interaction between different energy systems may also bring multiple operational risks to the reliability of the energy supply, which necessitates an effective IES reliability assessment technique. Considering

With the development of distributed and renewable energy resources and smart grids, energy management systems that allow electricity prosumers to schedule their power usage, are seen as a prominent solution for reducing electricity costs. This paper presents a novel blockchain-based mechanism to incentivize prosumers to save energy, while preserving their privacy. In the proposed mechanism, each prosumer

Coordinated heat and power dispatch has attracted increasing attention due to its flexibility support for renewable energy accommodation. Different from most conventional studies that regard coordination as holistic optimization, in which power systems monopolize the additional payoff brought by coordination while heating systems suffer from higher heat supply costs, this work considers coordinated

Wind power curve modeling has important applications in many fields, such as wind turbine condition monitoring and wind power forecasting. There are various studies on wind power curve construction though, the relation between wind speed and errors is not taken into account when constructing wind power curves. To fill this gap, a hybrid copula-based wind power curve model (HCCM) is proposed in this

The energy consumed by commercial buildings for heating and cooling is significantly increased. To better cope with the uncertainty introduced by the high penetration of renewable generation units, exploiting the potential flexibility of commercial buildings is an effective solution. The parameters of commercial buildings are not onsite identified; hence, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods are

Wave energy converters (WECs) need to be optimally controlled to be commercially viable. These controllers often require an estimate of the (unmeasurable) wave excitation force . To date, observers for WECs are often based upon ‘complex’ techniques, which are counter-intuitive in their design, additionally requiring an explicit model to describe the excitation as part of an (augmented) system. The

To fully consider the impacts of complex submarine terrains and ensure the profitability of tidal current power generation farms (TCPGFs), a 3-dimensional (3D) planning method for TCPGFs is proposed to simultaneously determine the tidal current turbine (TCT) layout and electrical collector system (ECS) planning schemes. Based on the limited observed data, a 3D submarine terrain modeling method is first

This paper proposes a new model of scenario-based security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) with BESSs. By formulating such a model as a mixed-integer programming (MIP) problem, we can obtain the optimal control strategy of units and BESSs to reduce the operating cost. To solve this MIP with the proposed model, we propose a new learning-based approach to tackle the SCUC problem. The proposed convolutional

The sustainable utilization of hydro energy relies on accurate estimates of the opportunity cost of the water. This value is calculated through long-term hydrothermal dispatch problems (LTHDP), and the recent literature has raised awareness about the consequences of modeling simplifications in these problems. The inaccurate representation of Kirchhoff's voltage law under the premise of a DC power flow

Setting different electricity prices for different types of loads can effectively reduce the peak power consumption in microgrids (MGs). This paper proposes a category-specific pricing strategy for demand response program in dynamic MGs that can efficiently utilize renewable energy to achieve peak shaving and valley filling via establishing a Stackelberg game model. A state characteristic clustering

Non-utility owned distributed energy resources (DERs) are mostly untapped currently, but they can provide many grid services such as voltage regulation and service restoration, if properly controlled, and can improve the distribution system's reliability when coordinated with utility-owned assets such as self-healing control and microgrids. This paper integrates transactive energy control into the

Wind Energy (WE) penetration levels in rural grids are limited due to the Power Quality (PQ) issues owing to the inconsistency in the wind speed and low short circuit ratios. This is further aggravated due to the day-by-day increase in non-linear loads. This paper proposes a methodology to enhance WE penetration levels by mitigating PQ issues using distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) controlled

A virtual energy storage (VES) model is proposed in this paper to accommodate renewable energy under a special market regulation. Such VESs can provide or consume electricity to the main power grid under the premise that the daily net electricity energy is balanced. Furthermore, a multi-stage distributionally robust optimization (MSDRO) model is set up in this paper to address the temporal uncertainties

In order to reduce the negative impact of the uncertainty of load and renewable energies outputs on microgrid operation, an optimal scheduling model is proposed for isolated microgrids by using automated reinforcement learning-based multi-period forecasting of renewable power generations and loads. Firstly, a prioritized experience replay automated reinforcement learning (PER-AutoRL) is designed to

Wind turbine generators (WTG) are expected to provide active power control (APC) to track active power instructions from the power grid or wind farm operators. Because the regulation of turbines’ mechanical dynamics strongly depends on pitch angle regulation, mitigating frequent pitch adjustments is a key issue, and accordingly, several rotor speed variation-first APC methods have been proposed to

Operations and Maintenance (O&M) constitute a major contributor to offshore wind's cost of energy. Due to the harsh and remote environment in which offshore turbines operate, there has been a growing interest in opportunistic maintenance scheduling for offshore wind farms, wherein grouping maintenance tasks is incentivized at times of opportunity. Our survey of the literature, however, reveals that

This paper proposes a multi-data driven hybrid learning method for weekly photovoltaic (PV) power scenario forecast that is coordinately driven by weather forecasts and historical PV power output data. Patterns of historical data and weather forecast information are simultaneously captured to ensure the quality of the generated scenarios. By combining bicubic interpolation and bidirectional long-short

Replacing conventional generation by power electronics based generation changes the dynamic characteristics of the power system. This results among others in the increased susceptibility to sub synchronous oscillations (SSO). This paper proposes a systematic procedure for mitigating the interactions between a DFIG and a series compensated transmission line using the phase imbalance compensation (PIC)

Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have been widely deployed in microgrids to deal with uncertain output power of renewable distributed generation (DG) and improve renewable energy utilization efficiency. However, due to the short-term dispatch mode and BESS capacity limitation, current BESS dispatch decisions may not be efficient from a whole-day perspective, leading to an inadequate/excessive

Due to the continuous expansion of grid-connected renewable energy sources (RESs), the local-based methods of islanding detection are facing new challenges. We propose a communication-based detection method based on topology graph path query that can achieve improved results. This method uses existing communication technology and intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) in distribution networks to construct

Governments have been taking policy instruments to enhance green power (GP) development, while the renewable portfolio standard (RPS) has become one of the most prevalent choices. Although RPS can guarantee GP producers’ income and expansion from a medium to long term perspective, curtailments are still inevitable, as RPS is integrated to power system by financial contracts and cannot affect market

With the increasing penetration of intermittent renewable resources, the energy demand is more fluctuating. Thus, the concept of energy sharing is brought up to smooth the energy demand of the prosumers and to ensure system stability. In this paper, a two-stage credit-based sharing model between the coordinator who manages the shared energy storage system (ESS) and the prosumers who borrow the capacity

Parallel operation of grid-interactive inverters has been continuously gaining attraction, and their contribution to sustaining the host grid stability has become strongly demanded. This paper investigates and discusses the trends in the most recent interconnection grid codes. Grid codes call for simultaneous requirements for the low-voltage ride-through capabilities of parallel operation of grid-interactive

During frequency controller design, the system frequency dynamic behavior is normally assessed by a system frequency response (SFR) model, which is a linearized low-order model that can be efficiently handled. Existing SFR models for a system with wind turbines cannot precisely characterize the nonlinear dynamic of fast frequency controllers in these turbines, causing inaccurate evaluation of the system