Organizational justice refers to employees’ perceptions of the fairness of decision-making rules and policies in the workplace. Lack of justice is suggested to be a significant psychosocial risk factor that affects employees’ attitudes and health. The aim of this narrative review was to compile the evidence available about the effects of organizational justice on health. To this end, a literature search

There is a long-standing debate in philosophy and the social sciences about how selfishness and cooperation function in dyadic social exchanges. Dyads are the foundation of our social lives, and reciprocity has long been considered the dominant strategy for dyadic interactions. We will argue the repertoire of human behavior during social exchanges ranges from punishment to generosity, and that the

Studying the scope and limits of individuals' moral concern is a relevant topic in many disciplines. The construct of Socio-moral Radar that this study introduces focuses on the behavioral expression of people's commitment with existing social problems and tries to reflect the degree of their moral inclusiveness as active citizens. Our main goal is to explore the extent and variations of people's willingness

In Milgram's obedience experiment, one of the many adjustments made by the experimenter to his “prods” is the regular use of “we” instead of the “you” required by the protocol. For example, he might say “we must continue” instead of “you must continue.” This text aims to describe the appearance for this use of “we” and suggests ways to understand what the “we” means for the experimenter who uses it

Self-control has important consequences, but key questions remain regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in self-control over time. This research examined this issue, focusing on the process model of depletion. In particular, this study examined have-to and want-to motivation over time to provide a direct examination of central process model propositions and to investigate extensions to this

Psychological science aims to make the abstract measurable and quantifiable. As psychologists it is our challenge and charge to capture complex abstractions (e.g., authoritarianism, prejudice, depression) accurately and with transparency. But recent concerns have been raised about the proliferation of constructs across psychology sub-disciplines, with construct redundancy now rife. Critics charge that

The motivational theory of role modeling proposes motivational processes as critical mechanisms through which attainable role models can increase role aspirants' adoption of more ambitious goals. We conducted four studies to empirically test this proposition with role aspirants and their role models in field and experimental settings (total N = 2,165). Results provide empirical support for motivational

The human face is a key source of social information. In particular, it communicates a target's personal identity and some of their group memberships. Different models of social perception posit distinct stages at which this group-level and person-level information is extracted from the face, with divergent downstream consequences for cognition and behavior. This paper presents four experiments that

A current shift in intergroup relations research aims to delve deeper into whether, and how, individual differences predict social attitudes. Recent research goes beyond the measurement of typical personality traits and focuses also on the subclinical area of malicious traits. The present studies aimed at exploring the role of one such trait, psychopathy, as a predictor of negative social attitudes

Dehumanization is often explored in the context of inhumane acts of intergroup and interpersonal violence, and is considered a precursor to extreme atrocities. However, research suggests that we may all engage dehumanized perceptions, at least occasionally, if the social context or goals encourage dehumanization. This implies an individual difference nature of dehumanization propensity. Across four

People often say one thing while doing another, and are therefore criticized as hypocrites. Despite the widespread criticism of hypocrites, relatively less is known about factors that influence moral judgment of hypocrisy. In particular, why are some word-deed inconsistencies condemned more harshly than others? The current research focuses on word-deed inconsistency as a common manifestation of hypocrisy

Financial scarcity, or having insufficient financial resources to meet needs, directly impairs multiple aspects of executive function (EF). Financial scarcity is also stressful and stress impairs EF, however, whether stress mediates the effect of scarcity on EF, and whether these associations vary by either the aspect of EF being measured, or self-reported developmental history of poverty, is not known

Ethical leadership has emerged as a crucial topic for understanding the effectiveness of team leadership. However, empirical evidence regarding the role of ethical leadership in cultivating team processes and proactive team outcomes is scarce. Employing the integrated social identity and the uncertainty management theories, this study tested a moderated-mediation model in which environmental dynamism

Left-wing authoritarianism (LWA) has a controversial history in psychology. Some researchers have expressed skepticism about the existence of LWA, whereas others have argued that LWA is a valid construct. In the present article, we offer a framework to reconcile these two perspectives by proposing that ideologically based authoritarian norms are sometimes in conflict with the processes that create

The investment model is a widely used theoretical framework in the study of close relationships. The model asserts that commitment is the outcome of relationship satisfaction, perceived investments, and perceived quality of alternatives. The current study sought to expand the scope of the investment model by including social network-based variables (specifically, network overlap and network uncertainty)

The present study sought to investigate perspective taking as a means to decrease harmful affective conflict within teams. Previous research has demonstrated that teams often experience unhealthy affective conflict along with the healthy debate that is encouraged in team discussions, when team members misinterpret such debate as personal attacks. By utilizing Olsen and Kenny's dyadic SEM approach (2016)

Understanding how and why stress-related mindsets result in various outcomes is important for understanding how stress mindset interventions can promote well-being. Recent research suggested that mindsets about stress might work together with self-connection to predict well-being. However, the nature of those relationships remains unclear. Across two studies, we tested two models regarding how stress

Across three studies we applied predictions from Intergroup Contact Theory and Intergroup Threat Theory (ITT) to an examination of the role of contact and threats in predicting prejudice toward three outgroups. Reactions to African Americans (n = 227), Hispanic Americans (n = 155), and gay men (n = 217), largely supported predictions. Positive contact experiences consistently related to more favorable

When a national leader is accused of impropriety, people often desire his/her ouster. To explain such desire for punishment, the authors tested two predictions of the model of intuitive prosecutors. While continuing in the position after the allegation activates the prosecutorial mind among people, resigning from the position deactivates it (Prediction 1). The relation between an inappropriate response

Recent theoretical models stress the importance of both personal and contextual factors in the development of political extremism. One such theory is the Intergroup Threat Theory (ITT) that suggests a relationship between extremism and intergroup threat (i.e., the perception that one's ingroup is threatened by a particular social outgroup). Using an adaptation of the Semantic Misattribution Procedure

This paper introduces the social self-restriction (SSR) model, which highlights a drawback associated with the increasingly accessible privilege of social autonomy. Social autonomy enables individuals to connect with preferred social partners and avoid undesirable others. The benefits of social autonomy are undeniable; however, the SSR model makes the novel assertion that people tend to exercise social

Research on populism spans disciplines, theoretical frameworks, and methodologies. As interest in the study of populism rises, social psychology scholars strive to understand (social) psychological factors associated with it. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the unique yet complementary role of social psychology in understanding - and possibly tackling - populism. The papers comprising

What are the psychological processes responsible for the recent spread of populist political systems and movements? All political systems essentially reflect the mental representations of their populations, and collective narcissism has recently emerged as a contributing factor in the rise of populism. This article presents two studies examining the role of collective narcissism in predicting populist

Populist attitudes have been shown to predict voting behavior. These attitudes consist of a belief that everyday citizens are better judges of what is best for their own country than politicians and that the political elites are corrupt. As such, a clear “us” (pure and good everyday citizens) and “them” (the evil political elite) rhetoric is present. In the present research, we propose that identification

Scholars and commentators have argued that national nostalgia forms a germane element of the rhetoric of populist radical right parties (PRRP). We addressed the national nostalgia component of PRRP ideology with respect to voters. Relying on political science theorizing and social psychological evidence, we proposed that national nostalgia forms a new emotion-based explanation for PRRP support within

Right-wing protective popular nationalism (RWPPN) is concerned with the protection and preservation of national culture. It is theorized to arise from right popular nationalistic rhetoric based on a narrowly defined us and them. Using an online survey of 316 Australians (50.9% male; Mage = 45.46, SD = 15.97), we explored whether RWPPN moderated the relationship between nationally related constructs

Blaming immigrants seems to be in part motivated by the need for control. However, three alternative explanations have been proposed as to why blaming bolsters feelings of control. First, blaming may restore a sense of an orderly world in which negative events can be attributed to a clear cause (causal attribution). Second, blaming others may strengthen in-group identities thereby facilitating group-based

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the demand-side of populism; to this day, many studies implemented variable-centered approaches to investigate populist attitudes. Utilizing a convenient sample of the German voters (N = 839), we adopt a person-centered approach by estimating latent psychological profiles and examining the exchange between the supply and demand side of populism in an

Can understanding social representations of home unpack the central empty signifier of populism—the “true people”? Nationalist exclusionary forms of populism use home, birthplace, and born and bred narratives to frame sections of the population as Other. “Go Home” vans in the United Kingdom, Donald Trump's use of birther rhetoric during his previous presidential candidacy and the Sweden Democrats mobilization

The present research proposed a theoretical distinction among various stereotypes that we predicted would moderate their malleability in implicit person perception: the extent to which the stereotypes can be learned and validated with minimal or no indirect inference (i.e., their observability). We hypothesized that observable stereotypes would be less malleable than unobservable stereotypes in implicit

If asked to destroy a dollar bill, one would likely hesitate. After all, the destruction of the dollar bill equals the loss of its economic value. Yet the reluctance to destroy a dollar bill may also stem from social knowledge—the fact that it exists in the minds of many members of one's valued group. Here, we investigate whether social knowledge of money increases people's reluctance to destroy it

According to the job demands–resources model, job demands (or hindrances) can drain energy and yield physiological and psychological costs by requiring sustained physical and/or mental effort at work. Using self-determination theory, the current study examined the associations among role conflict (as a proxy for job demands), frustration of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and

This research examines how supervisor–subordinate relational dynamics influence how individuals become bound to their work unit. As such, it addresses recent calls for theory-driven research into the psychological mechanisms that influence relational identity formation as well as related organizational outcomes. The work integrates self-determination and identity theory as a means of exploring nuanced

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is often hailed for its positive linkages to individual outcomes and organizational effectiveness. Despite these findings, research on OCB often fails to consider how an individual's past OCB may influence the outcomes stemming from current OCB performance. Such a contextually bland image truncates our understanding of the impact of these behaviors. Furthermore

The own-anchor effect concerns the assimilation of judgments of other people's external characteristics such as age, weight, and height toward the estimator's own characteristics. The phenomenon is related to theories of social projection and classical anchoring. It has previously been described as an estimation bias in studies of eyewitness accuracy and has been measured by the correlation between

Despite substantial evidence supporting the positive impact of employee work engagement on organizational outcomes, it remains unclear how engagement changes in demanding work settings within a given time frame. Drawing on the job demands–resources model, we examine the weekly dynamic patterns of vigor, dedication, and absorption (three dimensions of work engagement), as well as the relationship between

Research has investigated how each of numerous indicators of attitude strength separately affect an attitude's stability, resistance to persuasion, and utility in predicting behavior. More recent studies, however, have revealed interactive effects of attitude certainty and objective ambivalence. High (vs. low) certainty strengthened an attitude low in objective ambivalence (e.g., higher resistance

Perceived organizational support (POS) is considered a central factor in employees' work-related attitudes and behaviors. Drawing on the relational model of authority, we propose that perceived authority legitimacy, which reflects subordinates' identification with and acceptance of authority directives and power, may mediate the effect of POS on employees' work-related outcomes, including job satisfaction

This research expands knowledge of individual tendencies to “pay it forward,” as a result of commitment to the organization. It is desirable for organizations to have employees who go above and beyond their prescribed work duties, resulting in positive outcomes and increased organizational performance. The critical role that organizational citizenship behavior plays in providing internal and external

Humans are naturally social, and according to relational models theory (RMT), they use cognitively represented and motivationally operative models (i.e., relational models) to structure and understand their social interactions. RMT proposes that the fit between the expected and perceived relational model (i.e., RM fit) in a given social interactive situation is related to perceptions of justice, while

Past research has demonstrated that precise first offers (e.g., $4,983) serve as an anchor in negotiations and reduce counteroffers relative to round first offers (e.g., $5,000). Precise offers are frequently perceived as indicating greater competence and knowledge of the person making the offer. Three studies were conducted to determine if knowledge of precise offers as a negotiating tactic would

Overwhelming evidence suggests that job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) are positively related. Although researchers have generally assumed that satisfaction has a genuine relationship with OCB, we argue that the satisfaction–OCB relationship may be largely spurious. We tested the degree of spuriousness within the satisfaction–OCB relationship in two studies—a meta-analysis

Investigators frequently rely on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a conceptual framework to explain and predict human behavior in a variety of behavioral domains. Much of this research has focused on predicting behavioral intentions from attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, typically by examining the additive effects of these constructs. However, in the original formulation

The present experiment investigated the personal meaning of a behavior and state social anxiety as predictors of behavioral action. Participants (N = 68) were given the chance to take the behavioral action of recording a statement for a video blog. Participants were randomized to personal meaning (n = 34; assigned to speak on the social issue most important to them and completed a personal meaning

Existentially derived frameworks have become more popular among researchers investigating a number of clinical areas, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain. Nevertheless, the concept of existential anxiety has often been perceived as overly abstract and conceptually amorphous, which severely limits the ability of empirical research to objectively decipher the corresponding intrapsychic

Victim sensitivity (VS)—a personality trait reflecting the anxious expectation of being exploited—reliably predicts egoistic behavior in interpersonal situations. Here, we look at intragroup situations and investigate whether even one highly victim‐sensitive individual can have a detrimental effect of solidarity and cooperativeness on the entire group. Two studies—one field study with community residents

In three preregistered studies, we investigated whether positive and negative organ donation attitudes, intentions, as well as general prosocial behavioral intentions, could be influenced by inducing motivational harmony—the sense that things are going well in life. In Study 1, we examined correlations between motivational harmony, organ donation attitudes, intentions, and prosocial behavioral intentions

People often remotely observe when others resist and reject persuasive messages. Two studies examined participants' perceptions of two strategies, counterarguing and source derogation that people commonly use when resisting persuasive attempts. Additionally, the target resisted a message with which the participants either agreed or disagreed (Studies 1 and 2) and one which contained either strong or

The impact of collective narcissism on intergroup and intragroup relations has seen a recent surge in attention. Since collective narcissism is a relatively new topic of study, with only a single published measure, its structure and composition require further investigation. A pilot study investigated a multidimensional model of collective narcissism and identified four factors: entitlement/exploitativeness

Research on national collective narcissism, the belief and resentment that a nation's exceptionality is not sufficiently recognized by others, provides a theoretical framework for understanding the psychological motivations behind the support for right-wing populism. It bridges the findings regarding the economic and sociocultural conditions implicated in the rise of right-wing populism and the findings

Leader's vision articulation is recognized as a vital part of successful leadership. Despite that the sound measurement of vision articulation has been widely neglected by scholars so far. Therefore, we developed and validated a 22‐item instrument to comprehensively measure leader's vision articulation in two studies (overall N = 496). Theoretically derived dimensions are: Comprehensibility, Empowerment

Although it is well‐established that religious individuals tend to volunteer more than the non‐religious, few studies have examined motivations to volunteer as a potential explanation for this relationship. The present research takes a functional approach to examine whether religiosity drives volunteerism by promoting certain motivations for volunteering. Two common theories of religious prosociality

Social identity validation occurs when someone receives recognition as a member of their ingroup. Building on uncertainty‐identity theory and social identity research, we conducted a study (N = 249) of identity validation processes. We measured (a) identity centrality, and manipulated (b) feedback, (c) source of feedback, and (d) the feedback source's prototypicality, and assessed their effects on

The number of women who remain childfree is on the rise, as documented by demographic statistics. Yet, because research on women in the workplace has so far been focused on documenting the motherhood penalty in the workplace, childfree women have remained almost invisible. Relying on empirical data and theoretical arguments, the present paper gathers evidence that deviating from the motherhood mandate

Intergroup contact is repeatedly proven to lead to better intergroup attitudes. We sought to explore a new path through which this happens. We propose that contact can enhance inclusiveness of social identity, the recognition of common features needed to perceive someone as an in‐group member even though not all characteristics are shared. This, in turn, leads to more favorable attitudes. We investigated

The evolving conceptualization of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reflects ongoing debate regarding the development and manifestation of symptoms related to psychological trauma. The most recent iteration of the disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) broadened Criteria A’s definition of an index trauma, making possible its application to individuals experiencing

Past research in social psychology has explored the effects of considering a given policy or issue from different perspectives. In the case of political information, for example, this might mean thinking about broad systemic factors or values that cause an outcome or alternatively focusing on the local actors who are responsible for and/or affected by that system. In the present studies, we explore

The current paper seeks to integrate social and cognitive psychological literature to provide a multifaceted understanding of attention to race. Social psychological studies show that participants demonstrate attentional bias to racial out‐group versus in‐group faces. Most of this research utilizes White participants and examines the attentional bias to Black faces, concluding that threat stereotypes

While previous research on interpersonal decisions has focused on individual differences or situational determinants, in this paper, we looked at the interplay of situation and personality in decisions that are characterized by a conflict between self‐interest and joint welfare. In an online experiment, 185 participants made decisions about the allocation of their own work time and the work time of

The present research investigates outcome‐based dissonance in the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, a context where a significant number of citizens had unfavorable opinions of both candidates. When one is faced with a choice between two unfavorable alternatives, the outcome will be the same (i.e., unfavorable) regardless of the choice. This dilemma of having multiple alternatives leading to the same