Disturbed cholesterol and glucose homeostasis play crucial roles in the development of various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, central nervous system diseases, and cancer. An increasing number of studies have shown that excessive body fat accumulation is associated with type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance in a vicious cycle. This vicious cycle promotes the occurrence

Ion conductive membranes (ICMs) with highly conductive proton selectivity are of significant importance and greatly desired for energy storage devices. However, it is extremely challenging to construct fast proton-selective transport channels in ICMs. Herein, a membrane with highly conductive proton selectivity was fabricated by incorporating porous carbon sieving nanospheres with a hollow structure

The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease. Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals. Nevertheless, research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in the health, performance, and various physiological functions of fish. The microbiota has been studied in various fish species, including model animals

Emerging evidence suggests that microbial dysbiosis plays vital roles in many human cancers. However, knowledge of whether the microbial community in thyroid tumor is related to tumorigenesis remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the microbial community in thyroid tissues and its contribution to papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In parallel, we performed microbial profiling and transcriptome

Since 1998, the Au–O–Ti4+ sites of Au/Ti-based catalysts have been widely accepted as the active sites for propene epoxidation with H2 and O2 at a relatively high temperature, although they are limited by poor H2 efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate a novel Au–O–Ti3+ active site aiming at low-temperature propene epoxidation. Notably, this active site results in a sharp shift in the optimum temperature

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder characterized by unknown pathogenesis and heterogeneous clinical manifestations. The current existing serum biomarkers for SLE have limited sensitivity or specificity, making early and precise diagnosis difficult. Here, we identified two N-glycans on serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) as excellent diagnostic biomarkers for SLE based

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), which combine porous materials with a polymeric matrix, have gained considerable research interest in the field of gas separation due to their complementary characteristics and cooperative activation. The tailorability and diversity of porous materials grant MMMs extendable functionalities and outstanding separation performance. To achieve the full potential of MMMs,

Once China’s Tianwen-1 Mars probe arrived in a Mars orbit after a seven-month flight in the deep cold space environment, it would be urgently necessary to monitor its state and the surrounding environment. To address this issue, we developed a flexible deployable subsystem based on shape memory polymer composites (SMPC-FDS) with a large folding ratio, which incorporates a camera and two temperature

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A novel intestinal-targeted θ-shaped capsule with a pumping effect for the controlled release of hydrophobic drugs is successfully developed. The proposed capsule is composed of a Ca-alginate–chitosan/protamine/silica (ACPSi) composite shell and two chambers forming an θ-shape (θ-ACPSi), which respectively encapsulate drugs and booster agents. Enteric hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP)

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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in situ electrosynthesis by O2 reduction reaction is a promising alternative to the conventional Fenton treatment of refractory wastewater. However, O2 mass transfer limitation, cathodic catalyst selectivity, and electron transfer in O2 reduction remain major engineering obstacles. Here, we have proposed a systematic solution for efficient H2O2 generation and its electro-Fenton

Achieving a water–oil interface imbalance has been identified as a critical factor in the demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions. However, conventional demulsifying membranes generally break the interface balance by depending on a relatively high transmembrane pressure. Here, we present a “contact demulsification” concept to naturally and quickly achieve disruption of the water–oil interface balance

The adsorptive separation of CH4 from CO2 is a promising process for upgrading natural gas. However, thermodynamically selective adsorbents exhibit a strong affinity for CO2 and thus require a high energy compensation for regeneration. Instead, kinetic separation is preferred for a pressure swing adsorption process, although precise control of the aperture size to achieve a tremendous discrepancy in

Molten pool characteristics have a significant effect on printing quality in laser powder bed fusion (PBF), and quantitative predictions of printing parameters and molten pool dimensions are critical to the intelligent control of the complex processes in PBF. Thus far, bidirectional predictions of printing parameters and molten pool dimensions have been challenging due to the highly nonlinear correlations

This paper reports a method to measure the mechanical properties of a single cell using a microfluidic chip with integrated force sensing and a liquid exchange function. A single cell is manipulated and positioned between a pushing probe and a force sensor probe using optical tweezers. These two on-chip probes were designed to capture and deform the cells. The single cell is deformed by moving the

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The number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases continues to surge, overwhelming healthcare systems and causing excess mortality in many countries. Testing of infectious populations remains a key strategy to contain the COVID-19 outbreak, delay the exponential spread of the disease, and flatten the epidemic curve. Using the Omicron variant outbreak as a background, this study aimed to evaluate

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In recent years, data has become one of the most important resources in the digital economy. Unlike traditional resources, the digital nature of data makes it difficult to value and contract. Therefore, establishing an efficient and standard data-transaction market system would be beneficial for lowering cost and improving productivity among the parties in this industry. Although numerous studies have

The unique motion styles of flagella and cilia (i.e., planar/helical waveform propulsion of flagella and two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) asymmetric ciliary beating), play a key role in many biological activities and inspire lots of bionic designs, especially miniature robotic systems. However, quite different to the fact in nature that microorganisms can evolve diverse motions from the

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Freeze-tolerant hydrogels can regulate the freezing behavior of the water inside them at subzero temperatures, thus maintaining their exceptional properties (e.g., intelligent responsiveness and liquid transporting) and extending their applications under cold conditions. Herein, a series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active freeze-tolerant hydrogels are developed, which enable information encryption

Recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vector has been widely applied in vaccine development targeting infectious diseases, such as Ebola virus disease and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the high prevalence of preexisting anti-vector immunity compromises the immunogenicity of Ad5-based vaccines. Thus, there is a substantial unmet need to minimize preexisting immunity while improving

In this work, we propose and realize a smart metasurface for programming electromagnetic (EM) manipulations based on human speech recognition. The smart metasurface platform is composed of a digital coding metasurface, a speech-recognition module, a single-chip computer, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuit, and can control EM waves according to pre-stored voice commands in a smart way.

Cuticular wax plays a major role in the growth and storage of plant fruits. The cuticular wax coating, which covers the outermost layer of a fruit’s epidermal cells, is insoluble in water. Cuticular wax is mainly composed of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs); their derivatives, including esters, primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones; and triterpenoids. This complex mixture

Accurate and effective identification of adverse geology is crucial for safe and efficient tunnel construction. Current methods of identifying adverse geology depend on the experience of geologists and are prone to misjudgment and omissions. Here, we propose a method for adverse geology identification in tunnels based on mineral anomaly analysis. The method is based on the theory of geoanomaly, and

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of infant death. An artificial intelligence (AI)-based CHD diagnosis network (CHDNet) is an echocardiogram video-based binary classification model that judges whether echocardiogram videos contain heart defects. Existing CHDNets have shown performances comparable to or even better than medical experts, but their unreliability on cases outside of the

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Composite materials are widely used in many fields due to their excellent properties. Quality defects in composite materials can lead to lower quality components, creating potential risk of accidents. Experimental and simulation methods are commonly used to predict the quality of composite materials. However, it is difficult to predict the quality of composite materials accurately due to the uncertain

The clay mineral content of Daqing Gulong shale is in the range of about 35%–45%, with particle sizes less than 0.0039 mm. The horizontal fluidity of oil in Gulong shale is poor, with near-zero vertical flowability. As a result, Gulong shale has been considered to lack commercial value. In recent years, however, interdisciplinary research in geoscience, percolation mechanics, thermodynamics, and surface

The integrated circuit (IC) industry has become the major means of power play among the large nations. In the post-Moore era, silicon-based mainstream technology development rhythm tends to slowed down. There are numerous emerging new technologies, whereas the trend is unclear. Facing the current chaotic international situation, China needs to adjust the strategy of IC industry development. It is not

The process industry manufacturing process is a branch of processes that uses, petroleum, natural gas, coal, ore, biomass, and other resources as main raw materials, and provides bulk raw materials for national economic construction, and also provides, high-end electronic chemicals, polymers and alloy steels for strategic emerging, industries such as integrated circuits, 5G, aerospace, and high-end

The use of an altered immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycan pattern as an inflammation metric has been reported in subclinical atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders, both of which are important risk factors in cardiovascular health. However, the usable capacity of IgG N-glycosylation profiles for the risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unknown. This study aimed to develop a cardiovascular

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Antibiotic resistance, which is encoded by antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), has proliferated to become a growing threat to public health around the world. With technical advances, especially in the popularization of metagenomic sequencing, scientists have gained the ability to decipher the profiles of ARGs in diverse samples with high accuracy at an accelerated speed. To analyze thousands of ARGs

This opinion piece describes how the optimal integration of hydrogen-fuel-cell with battery in a heavy highly-utilised vehicle can extend vehicle range while cutting refuelling time and reducing cost compared to a pure battery electric vehicle.

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Primary and metastatic lung cancers are malignant lung tumors each with of which has a different pathogenesis, although both threaten patient lives. Tumor development and progression involve communication between tumor cells and the host microenvironment. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME); they participate in the generation of an inflammatory milieu

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Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without effective treatment. The traditional Chinese medicine formulation Pien Tze Huang (PTH) can suppress inflammatory diseases. Here, we evaluate the effects of PTH on the evolution of NASH and its underlying mechanisms. We found that PTH prevented the development of steatohepatitis induced by various dietary

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DNA is considered to be not only a carrier of the genetic information of life but also a highly programmable and self-assembled nanomaterial. Different DNA structures are related to their biological and chemical functions. Hence, understanding the physical and chemical properties of various DNA structures is of great importance in biology and nanochemistry. However, the bulk assay ignores the heterogeneity

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Although the association between immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation and metabolic traits has been previously identified, the causal association between them remains unclear. In this work, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to integrate genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) data in order to investigate the bidirectional causal association of IgG N-glycosylation

Electrochemical power sources such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are indispensable for portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid-scale energy storage. However, commercial LIBs currently used employ flammable liquid electrolytes, posing serious safety hazards when misused (i.e., overcharged). In addition, the energy density of conventional LIBs is approaching their physiochemical limit. 1