In this study, the pore characteristics and the factors of maximum methane adsorption capacity (MAC) of mudstone in the early diagenetic stage (EDS) and the contribution rate of clay mineral (CM) adsorption were analyzed. In addition, the adsorption coupling effect of CM and organic matter (OM) was discussed. Studies have shown that pores of coal measure mudstone in the early diagenesis stage are mainly

Hybrid solvent- and thermal-based methods offer an important potential for reducing the environmental impact and enhancing recoveries in heavy oil production processes. Time-consuming compositional simulations of fine-scale models challenge the optimization of operational conditions. This work developed a flow-based upscaling workflow for simulating the warm solvent injection process in heterogeneous

This research was conducted on five oilfields in the Mishrif reservoir, southern Iraq, to illustrate the effects of permeability on the damage caused by the injection of river water into the oilfield. Oilfield flooding has dramatically changed the pH and brine chemistry of the reservoir and resulted in the deposition of carbonates and native sulfur. The air permeability test and scanning electron microscope

Mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) is a fundamental task in mineral exploration. The logistic regression (LR) method has been widely used as a data-driven tool for MPM because it is compact and straightforward, and it presents explicit explanations. However, there exists the inherent deficiency of linear assumption in the ordinary LR method. In order to overcome this disadvantage, a hybrid model (i

The increasing demand for water in developing countries, like India, requires efficient water management and resource allocation. This is crucial to accurately assess and predict hydrological processes such as streamflow, drought, and flood. However, simulations of these hydrologic processes from various hydrological models differ in their accuracy. By analyzing different characteristics of hydrological

Adequate management of water resources in aquifer systems implies knowledge of the different parameters of hydrological balance. However, only limited data exist for many aquifers, which lead to the production of hydrological models with high levels of uncertainty. This research estimates spatially and temporally the groundwater storage change and the storage coefficient in unconfined aquifers and

In this study, a new 3-stage approach that consists of clustering, simulation, and optimization stages is proposed for the simulation of groundwater level (GWL) in an arid region of eastern Iran. In the first stage, K-means clustering was used to divide the study aquifer into five different clusters based on precipitation, water recharge, water discharge, transmissivity, earth level, and water table

Blast-induced ground vibration (GV) is a hazardous phenomenon in open-pit mines, and it has unquestionable effects, such as slope instability, deformation of structures, and changing the flow direction of groundwater. Therefore, many studies in recent years have focused on the accurate prediction and control of GV in open-pit mines. In this study, three intelligent hybrid models were examined for predicting

As typical low-permeability unconventional fossil resources, tight sandstone oil cannot be exploited economically without effective hydraulic fracturing. Fracability is a term commonly used as a decision indicator to select candidate layers for hydraulic fracturing in unconventional reservoirs. In this paper, because of the objective of fracturing treatment in unconventional reservoirs, fracability

The Zhongdian arc is an important mineral province in southwest China that hosts significant Cu- and Mo-rich ore deposits. These are mainly present as Late Triassic porphyry Cu ± Mo-Au and Late Cretaceous porphyry Mo deposits, both with surrounding base metal enrichments in associated skarn, greisen, and vein occurrences. To help assess Mo resource potential in the arc-related magmatic–hydrothermal

Abstract The joint modeling of the petrophysical properties (i.e., porosity, permeability) from wells in the presence of one or more seismic attributes (i.e., impedance) may be cumbersome, as the linear model of coregionalization needs to be simultaneously fitted to all experimental direct and cross-variograms, and the strong assumptions are required in the collocated cokriging system. Transforming

An ensemble technique namely gradient boosted tree (GBTs) and several optimized neural network models were hybridized to predict peak particle velocity (PPV) caused by quarry blasting. The GBT was employed for choosing the most important input parameters on PPV results. Therefore, this model selected five input variables, comprising maximum charge per delay, distance, powder factor, and sub-drilling

The clay areas in Gümüşhane (NE Turkey) were examined in mineralogical and geochemical terms, and by remote sensing methods. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and chemical analysis were completed on samples from 11 selected clay areas in the region. Within the scope of remote sensing, Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images of the region were processed with the Crósta technique to assess the

Coalbed methane is a lucrative energy source, but its development relies heavily on the fracturing of coal seam and underground extraction during mining. This study of mining stress paths, pore pressure, and permeability of a coal body was aimed to overcome the constraints of low coal permeability under the stress applied to a coal seam group. Variation in the applied stress changes the effective stress

In the process of open-pit bench blasting for many mines, rock fragments move in the direction of loose space after fragmentation under explosive energy, leading to ore distribution differences before and after blasting. Considering that there is no simple and inexpensive method for post-blast ore boundary determination, a machine-learning-aided determination method and a corresponding evaluation system

The ecology of arid mining areas in western China is facing serious problems because underground coal mining destroys overlying aquifers, causing groundwater to shift along fracture zones and groundwater levels to drop. Therefore, it is important to construct strategically coal mine goafs as underground water reservoirs to store and utilize mining-affected water resources. During the long-term operation

Implicit methods for modeling geological structures such as stratigraphy and faults have been developed for more than a decade, and they have made automatic model construction feasible. The implicit potential field method is such a method that is capable of incorporating multiple types of data including contact points for geological boundaries and their measured orientations. The implicit potential

The optimization method for determining open pit limit is important, as it is crucial to achieve the most profitable outcome from the limited amount of reserves available. However, importance must be also given to geotechnical aspects to ensure that safety requirements are met. Thus, overall slope angle (OSAs) must be incorporated in the optimization process. In the conventional methods, there were

Most oil reservoirs are first saturated with water and become oil-wet gradually due to oil migration and accumulation. Previous studies reported that the adsorption of hydrocarbon components onto the rock surface during a considerable time caused wettability alteration from primarily water-wet to oil-wet. However, few studies fundamentally reviewed the effects of the ionic composition of formation

Geophysical and geological studies play a fundamental role in the strategic and sustainable utilization of natural resources, especially that of fossil groundwater, in arid regions. The geophysical exploration of shallow groundwater aquifers is common in arid regions. In this work, a feasibility study of future development plans in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt, was carried out. A land electric resistivity

Sedimentary basins in south Egypt, in particular Komombo and Nuqra basins, have been paid more attention during the last few decades, due to their hydrocarbon prospectivity. The present article is an integrated seismic and petrophysical study aiming at evaluating the hydrocarbon potentiality of the Cretaceous sedimentary sequence in these two basins. Data of four drilled wells including a conventional

Innovation efforts in developing soft computing models (SCMs) of researchers and scholars are significant in recent years, especially for problems in the mining industry. So far, many SCMs have been proposed and applied to practical engineering to predict ground vibration intensity (BIGV) induced by mine blasting with high accuracy and reliability. These models significantly contributed to mitigate

Potassium (K)-rich igneous rocks include a variety of silica-undersaturated and alkaline rocks, which distinguished by their elevated K2O contents. These rocks have attracted attention for decades and motivated various studies focused either on geodynamic implications or on their association with mineral resources. Recently, further studies of K-rich igneous suites were dedicated to assessing their

The mining industry is facing increasingly lower grades, which intensifies the need to reduce costs. The depletion of orebodies close to the surface has pushed the mining industry to progressively explore and extract deposits through underground mining. One approach that is receiving more attention is the application of pre-concentration systems prior to introducing the extracted materials to the main

Recent advancement in computing capabilities has brought to light the application of machine learning methods in estimating geochemical data from well logs. The widely employed artificial neural network (ANN) has intrinsic problems in its application. Therefore, the objective of this study was to present a group method of data handling (GMDH) neural network as an improved alternative in predicting

This study investigated the segregation of organic (maceral) and inorganic (mineral matter or ash) contents of coal in an air stratifier after design modification in air distributor. The optimum angle of fluidization caused by air distributor was found using mathematical formulations of momentum balance on particles, and 30° of angle of fluidization was found to be the optimum angle of fluidization

Fabric and roughness of the pore-size distributions in organic-rich shales determine their fluid flow and storage capabilities. Accurate estimation of the pore-surface fractal dimension (D) provides valuable insight to these qualities in shales. Low-pressure gas adsorption isotherms are widely used for determining D, typically applying the Frenkel–Halsey–Hill (FHH) method. Other D estimation methods

A new multiple-point statistics algorithm, SparseSim, is developed based on sparse approximation algorithm, which has wide applications for stochastic simulation in the field of geosciences and beyond. The current version is described in the context of reservoir characterization, which includes well and seismic data integration. In sparse approximation, a model image is represented as weighted linear

Abstract In surface mining, blasting is an indispensable method for fragmenting rock masses. Nevertheless, it can inherently induce many side effects like ground vibrations. At high intensities, the ground vibrations generated because of blasting operations can destroy structures and buildings. Also, in areas with adverse geological conditions, such vibrations can cause bench and slope failures. Therefore

The phase behavior of fluid is essential for predicting ultimate oil recovery and determining optimal production parameters. The pore size in shale porous media is nanopore, which causes different phase behaviors of fluid in unconventional reservoirs. Nanopores in shale media can be regard as semipermeable membrane to filter heavy components (sieving effect) in shale oil, which leads to the different

Geothermal exploration concepts can be improved at an early stage of exploration by assessing the petrophysical rock properties of samples from surface outcrops. The results can be used to better evaluate the proposed geothermal resource and exploration strategies for the region. Our study provides fundamental knowledge on thermohydraulic rock properties to help identify the heat transfer mechanisms

The temperature distribution at depth is a key variable when assessing the potential of a supercritical geothermal resource as well as a conventional geothermal resource. Data-driven estimation by a machine-learning approach is a promising way to estimate temperature distributions at depth in geothermal fields. In this study, we developed two methodologies—one based on Bayesian estimation and the other

Identifying lithology from well logs is an important step in deep prospecting and resource estimation. Various machine learning algorithms have been adopted to identify lithology in oil and gas fields. Such algorithms, however, are rarely used for mineral deposits because of their complex geological conditions. In this paper, we propose an application framework using the gradient boosting decision

The Chinese Western Tianshan (CWT) region has experienced complicated accretionary and collisional orogenic processes and represents a key region for improving our understanding of the tectonic framework and metallogeny of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. In the present study, aeromagnetic and geochemical data, together with geological knowledge, are employed to constrain the structural architecture

The quality of surface waters plays a key role in the sustainability of ecological systems. Measuring water quality parameters (WQPs) is of high importance in the management of surface water resources. In this paper, contemporary-developed regression analysis was proposed to estimate the hard-to-measure parameters from those that can be measured easily. To this end, we proposed a novel modification

Successful delineation of high potential targets for exploration in maturely-explored orefields is still a tough challenge. A reliable prediction model achieved by integration of various ore-related geological factors and exploration information in the 3D space is an effective approach to deal with this challenge. The Anqing orefield has been intensively exploited for decades, and thereby the possible

Mapping of multi-element geochemical anomalies is the basic goal of stream sediment sampling in worldwide, and especially at 1:100,000 scale in Iran. In the central part of the Lut-Block in eastern Iran, 855 stream sediment samples from an area of 3000 km2 have been collected. The existence of sub-volcanic rock units along with argillic and sericite alterations provides potential for poly-metallic

Depletion of shallow mineral resources caused by deep mining has become an inevitable trend, and deep mining can increase safety accidents and geological hazards. Overburden in a mined-out area is affected by mining disturbances, resulting in its subsidence or collapse, posing a threat to downhole safety and surface ecology. To identify the limitations of existing models, they were studied and analyzed

Our study interprets large-scale gravity data to delineate concealed banded iron formation (BIF) iron mineralization in India's Rajasthan province. The study area belongs to the Bharatpur, Dausa, and Karauli districts of Rajasthan. We measured 1462 gravity readings to understand the rock types, depth and geometry of the different rock formations in the proposed study area. We also collected representative

Through remote sensing inversion, the evolution and treatment of saline and alkaline land can be monitored on a large scale in real time. The spectral data and salt content of samples for saline and alkaline land are obtained, and the inversion model is an improvement to the extreme learning machine, which is based on the activation function and the seagull optimization algorithm (SOA). First, the

Groundwater is under constant threat of exploitation with increasing demands. Therefore, there is a need for more advanced methods for exploring potential groundwater zones to meet people requirements. Groundwater in hard terrain areas is present in fractured zones, whereas in lateritic terrain it occurs in layered strata. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is an advanced geophysical technique

The operation of large-scale ore-forming processes triggers the development of neighboring mineral deposits of the same or related types in a metallogenic province. While these deposits often bear striking similarities, variations in local geological settings cause differences in many deposit features. Therefore, in a metallogenic province, geochemical, geophysical, and geological signatures of local

In this study, the adsorption–desorption/induced strains/permeability characteristics of seven columnar coal samples with Ro.ran ranging from 0.42 to 3.23% were monitored dynamically during N2-enhanced coalbed methane (N2–ECBM) recovery. The results showed that N2 injection and sealing (N2–IS) is an important step in N2–ECBM recovery, with average desorption of 60.25%. During desorption with stepwise

Permeability is one of the key parameters to better understand the processes of coalbed methane mining and carbon dioxide geological storage. As a unique porous medium, coal usually possesses distinct deformation characteristics. In this work, we used a cubic model to characterize the physical structure of coal. The fracture system in coal contained both soft and hard parts subject to the natural-strain-based

In situ stress is not only a vital indicator for selecting explorative regions of coalbed methane (CBM), but also a pivotal factor affecting CBM production. The present study explored whether in situ stress affected the development potential of CBM in western Guizhou, China. To this end, we collected injection/falloff well test data and gas content data from 70 coal seams in 28 wells. The study found

Facies models are essential tools for imaging subsurface geobodies and for reducing exploration and development risks efficiently. The Lower Goru Formation is one of the principal formations in the Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. Its substantial hydrocarbon potential is unexplored, as most of the wells within the Sawan gas field are facing relatively low production yields. This study aimed to delineate

Rock typing is an essential tool used to distribute rock and fluid properties in reservoir models. It provides estimates of oil reserves that are more accurate during field studies and prediction of reservoir performance. However, geomodelers are frequently faced with challenges of integrating geological facies with rock characteristics and fluid flow to predict petrophysical properties due to limited

Underground coal mining operations produce large numbers of gobs that contain methane from mining coal seams and their adjacent coal seams. In longwall mining, gob methane is released to coal faces, presenting safety issues. Therefore, if gob methane sources can by identified accurately under extraction conditions, then efficient methane extraction strategies can be adopted to maximize the capture

Spontaneous combustion of dried water-immersed coal (DWIC) wastes many coal resources, and so the effect of water immersion on the characteristic temperature during coal low-temperature oxidation and its possible reasons were investigated. The characteristic temperatures of coal oxidation were obtained by thermogravimetry. The possible causes for the changes in characteristic temperatures were analyzed

Quantitative characterization of shale gas flow in fractured shale is a key problem in shale gas extraction. In this study, 3D multi-scale structures in fractured shale were reconstructed, firstly, by X-ray micro-computerized tomography (CT), high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fractal function. Then, a REV (representative elementary volume)-scale lattice Boltzmann (LB) model, considering

High-intensity coal mining in grasslands has negative impact on the surface ecology of the mining area and its surroundings. This impact shows spatio-temporal heterogeneity due to differences in mining intensity at various life stages. Based on remote sensing images and experimental test data, this paper took the Baorixile Surface Coal Mine (BSCM), which as the largest open-pit mine in eastern Inner

Fractal theory is an efficient method to characterize quantitatively tight rocks. Volcanic rocks are very promising reservoirs, and their pore structures have considerable influence on the occurrence and percolation mechanisms of oil and gas. Therefore, the research topics of pore structure and fractal characteristics are important for sustainable volcanic resource development. The pore structure and

This paper presents a novel and versatile framework for building ensemble spatial interpolation functions. As with all ensemble methods, the central idea is to assemble a voting scheme where a set of weak interpolation functions are combined, by using an aggregation function, to produce a strong ensemble response. In the presented scheme, voter interpolation functions are weak because they deal with

Based on water chemistry analyses of five batches of water product samples from eight coalbed methane (CBM) wells of the Songhe well group in the western Guizhou province in 2017, the single-factor index method, the Nemerow index method and the health risk assessment method were used to evaluate the environmental effects of the water product. The results show that the water co-product of the Songhe

In this paper, we explore unsupervised cluster analysis to aid mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) in two aspects: (1) to cluster geochemical data for MPM based on detailed analysis of evidence maps and (2) to explore coherence of spatial signatures at/around mineralized locations as well as outliers of geochemical data. To do so, a systematic procedure is proposed based on the Iterative Self-organizing

Effective use of the difference between longitudinal and converted shear waves in reservoir sensitivity analysis is a key component to reduce the multi-solution problem of using longitudinal waves only in reservoir characterization. Deep neural network (DNN) is proven to be a powerful tool to solve an end-to-end task in a purely data-driven way, which brings a promising potential in reservoir characterization

Commingled production has been widely used as an efficient production method in gas field. However, the interlayer interference of gas flow seriously restricts the improvement of gas recovery. Presently, there are several investigations on commingled production characteristics of multi-pressure system gas reservoirs, but no corresponding improved production methods have been proposed. In this study

Poland has been estimated to possess large volumes of technically recoverable shale gas resources, which has raised national hopes for increasing energy security and building export capacity. In this paper, we aim to examine political claims and hopes that Poland could achieve natural gas self-sufficiency and even become a gas exporter by harnessing domestic shale potential. We do so by relying on

Coal seam water injection is a critical measure for the prevention of coal-and-gas outbursts. However, the gas–solid–liquid coupling effect in front of the working face before and after water injection during coal mining is scarcely investigated. This issue was explored in this study by (a) numerical simulation of stress, gas pressure, and water saturability distribution as well as their coupling effect

With the increase in mining depth of coal resources, high-temperature thermal damage has become increasingly prominent, and research on geotemperature in mining areas has received increasing attention. At present, simple temperature measurement is the most commonly used well temperature measurement method, but the obtained data cannot be used directly and need to be corrected. According to the thermal