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Coarse-Grained Ripples Investigated by the Opportunity Rover on Meridiani Planum, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 J. Kozakiewicz, M. Dluzewski, J. Rotnicka, M. Sobucki, T. Michaels, M. Pilarska-Mazurek, K. Krzemien, L. Nowak, R. Olszewski, N. Frodyma, A. Podbielska, K. Choromanski
Aeolian coarse-grained ripples have been found in all regions investigated by Mars rovers: Meridiani Planum, Gusev crater, Gale crater, and Jezero crater. Therefore, it can be assumed that coarse-grained ripples are one of the most common landforms on Mars. Studying their formation and evolution gives us the opportunity to determine past and current wind patterns. They are also crucial for understanding
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A Microphysical Thermal Model for the Lunar Regolith: Investigating the Latitudinal Dependence of Regolith Properties J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Johanna Bürger, Paul O. Hayne, Bastian Gundlach, Matthias Läuter, Tobias Kramer, Jürgen Blum
The microphysical structure of the lunar regolith provides information on the geologic history of the Moon. We used remote sensing measurements of thermal emission and a thermophysical model to determine the microphysical properties of the lunar regolith. We expand upon previous investigations by developing a microphysical thermal model, which more directly simulates regolith properties, such as grain
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Architecture of Fluvial and Deltaic Deposits Exposed Along the Eastern Edge of the Western Fan of Jezero Crater, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 N. Mangold, G. Caravaca, S. Gupta, R. M. E. Williams, G. Dromart, O. Gasnault, S. Le Mouélic, G. Paar, J. Bell, O. Beyssac, N. Carlot, A. Cousin, E. Dehouck, B. Horgan, L. C. Kah, J. Lasue, S. Maurice, J. I. Núñez, D. Shuster, K. M. Stack, B. P. Weiss, R. C. Wiens
Early observations from the Perseverance rover suggested a deltaic origin for the western fan of Jezero crater only from images of the Kodiak butte. Here, we use images from the SuperCam Remote Micro-Imager and the Mastcam-Z camera to analyze the western fan front along the rover traverse, and further assess its depositional origin. Outcrops in the middle to lower half of the hillslopes comprise planar
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A Comparative Analysis of Gravity Waves in He and Ar Densities in the Martian Thermosphere J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 V. Leelavathi, N. V. Rao
In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of gravity waves (GWs) in the Martian upper thermosphere, utilizing He and Ar densities measured by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer aboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft. Our investigation revealed that GWs are a persistent phenomenon in Martian thermospheric He densities, akin to their presence in heavier species like
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Water-Ice Dominated Spectra of Saturn's Rings and Small Moons From JWST J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 M. M. Hedman, M. S. Tiscareno, M. R. Showalter, L. N. Fletcher, O. R. T. King, J. Harkett, M. T. Roman, N. Rowe-Gurney, H. B. Hammel, S. N. Milam, M. El Moutamid, R. J. Cartwright, I. de Pater, E. M. Molter
JWST measured the infrared spectra of Saturn's rings and several of its small moons (Epimetheus, Pandora, Telesto, and Pallene) as part of Guaranteed Time Observation program 1247. The NIRSpec instrument obtained near-infrared spectra of the small moons between 0.6 and 5.3 microns, which are all dominated by water-ice absorption bands. The shapes of the water-ice bands for these moons suggests that
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Formation and Stability of Salty Soil Seals in Mars-Like Conditions. Implications for Methane Variability on Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Alexander A. Pavlov, James Johnson, Raul Garcia-Sanchez, Ariel Siguelnitzky, Chris Johnson, Jeffrey Davis, Scott Guzewich, Prabhakar Misra
Methane spikes observed in the Martian atmosphere require the abrupt release of large amounts of methane from the Martian subsurface. The mechanism for such release has not been identified. We tested whether gas traps can form under Mars-like conditions in the shallow Martian regolith due to salt migration in the icy soil. Experiments were performed on various soil samples in a Mars Simulation Chamber
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Recent Widespread Deposition in the Martian North and South Polar Layered Deposits as Revealed by Multiband SHARAD Surface Reflectivity J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Erica R. Jawin, Bruce A. Campbell
The north and south polar layered deposits (PLD) on Mars are composed of stacks of layered ice and dust, but the SPLD is approximately twice as bright as the NPLD in 20-MHz radar echoes. We use Shallow Radar (SHARAD) data in ∼4-MHz bands centered on 17.5 MHz (“L”) and 22.5 MHz (“H”) to determine whether radar reflectivity variations are due to scattering effects related to closely spaced, near-surface
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Perseverance MEDA Atmospheric Pressure Observations—Initial Results J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Ari-Matti Harri, Mark Paton, Maria Hieta, Jouni Polkko, Claire Newman, Jorge Pla-Garcia, Joonas Leino, Terhi Mäkinen, Janne Kauhanen, Iina Jaakonaho, Agustin Sánchez-Lavega, Ricardo Hueso, Maria Genzer, Ralph Lorenz, Mark Lemmon, Alvaro Vicente-Retortillo, Leslie K. Tamppari, Daniel Viudez-Moreiras, Manuel de la Torre-Juarez, Hannu Savijärvi, Javier A. Rodríguez-Manfredi, German Martinez
The Mars2020 Perseverance Rover landed successfully on the Martian surface on the Jezero Crater floor (18.44°N, 77.45°E) at Martian solar longitude, Ls, ∼5° in February 2021. Since then, it has produced highly valuable environmental measurements with a versatile scientific payload including the MEDA (Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer) suite of environmental sensors. One of the MEDA systems is the
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Exomoon Phase Curves: Toroidal Exosphere Simulations of Exo-Ios Orbiting 8 Exoplanets in Alkali Spectroscopy J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 M. Meyer zu Westram, A. V. Oza, A. Galli
Toroidal atmospheres and exospheres characterized at exoplanets may be fueled by volcanically active exomoons, often referred to as exo-Ios. We study the neutral outgassing and volatile evolution of a close-orbiting, evaporating satellite at eight candidate exoplanet-exomoon systems WASP-49,-96,-69,-17 b, XO-2N b, HAT-P-1 b, HD-189733 b, and HD-209458 b by developing a 3-D test-particle Monte Carlo
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
No abstract is available for this article.
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Evolution of Impact Melt Pools on Titan J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Klára Kalousová, Shigeru Wakita, Christophe Sotin, Catherine D. Neish, Jason M. Soderblom, Ondřej Souček, Brandon C. Johnson
Titan is an ocean world with a dense atmosphere, where photochemistry produces complex organic molecules that fall to the surface. An important astrobiological question is whether this material can mix with water and form molecules of biological interest. Large impacts heat the moon's subsurface and create liquid water melt pools. A recent study investigated impacts into Titan's clathrate-covered ice
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The Infrared Auroral Footprint Tracks of Io, Europa and Ganymede at Jupiter Observed by Juno-JIRAM J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 A. Moirano, A. Mura, V. Hue, B. Bonfond, L. A. Head, J. E. P. Connerney, A. Adriani, F. Altieri, C. Castagnoli, A. Cicchetti, B. M. Dinelli, D. Grassi, A. Migliorini, M. L. Moriconi, R. Noschese, G. Piccioni, C. Plainaki, P. Scarica, G. Sindoni, R. Sordini, F. Tosi, D. Turrini, F. Zambon
The electromagnetic coupling between the Galilean satellites at Jupiter and the planetary ionosphere generates an auroral footprint, which is detected with high spatial resolution in the infrared L band by the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) onboard the Juno spacecraft. We report the JIRAM data acquired since 27 August 2016 until 23 May 2022, which are used to compute the average position of
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Early Thermal Histories of IAB Main Group Irons: Insights From Ca-Phosphates in Campo del Cielo and Nantan J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Y. Li, A. Mei, W. Hsu, S. Li
Ca-phosphates in Campo del Cielo (CdC) and Nantan were comprehensively studied to provide insights into the thermal histories of the IAB main group (MG) and related irons. In CdC, apatite grains are characterized by (a) close intergrowth with troilite/graphite in border area between silicate and metal in most cases and (b) near-flat rare earth elemental patterns (LaN/YbN = 0.6–0.7). This indicates
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A Mastcam Multispectral Investigation of Rock Variability in Gale Crater, Mars: Implications for Alteration in the Clay-Sulfate Transition of Mount Sharp J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 A. M. Eng, M. S. Rice, W. H. Farrand, J. R. Johnson, S. Jacob, E. B. Rampe, L. Thompson, M. St. Clair, D. Applin, J. Bishop, E. Cloutis, M. Gabbert, J. Haber, K. Lapo, A. Rudolph, C. Seeger, R. Sheppard
Since leaving Vera Rubin ridge (VRr), the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has traversed though the phyllosilicate-bearing region, Glen Torridon, and the overlying Mg-sulfate-bearing strata, with excursions onto the Greenheugh Pediment and Amapari Marker Band. Each of these distinct geologic units were investigated using Curiosity's Mast Camera (Mastcam) multispectral instrument which is sensitive
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Chang'E-5 In Situ Spectra Reveal Photometric Properties of the Lunar Surface J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Lin Guo, Xin Ren, Dawei Liu, Bin Liu, Wangli Chen, Xiaoxia Zhang, Wei Yan, Jianjun Liu
The Chang’E-5 (CE-5) lunar mineralogical spectrometer (LMS) obtained an in situ multiangular spectral data set, with which this work aims to study the photometric properties of the lunar surface in the CE-5 sampling area. We first converted the LMS Level 2B radiance data to reflectance, and then spliced it and processed thermal correction. We also used a millimeter-scale digital elevation model (DEM)
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Energetic Plasma Injections in Jovian Inner Magnetosphere: A Simulation Study J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Yuxian Wang, Jian Yang, Xiaocheng Guo, Michel Blanc, Chi Wang
Outward transport of cold iogenic plasma and energetic charged particle injections are two essential aspects of mass, energy and magnetic flux circulation in the Jovian magnetosphere. However, it is unclear how these two processes interplay and how they evolve globally in the Jovian inner magnetosphere. We use the improved Rice Convection Model-Jupiter to simulate the concurrent energetic injection
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Megaflood Erosion on Mars—How Lava-Filled Craters Became Mesas (With Insights From Lava Physics, Stream Power, and Rock Mechanics) J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Neil M. Coleman
Round mesas up to 500 m high occur in Martian outflow channels. Mesas in Ravi and Elaver Valles occur in deepest parts of the channels where the most intense megaflood erosion occurred. I theorize that Noachian basalts poured into craters which acted as lava traps, similar to Kilauean lava lakes. Subsequent flood basalts buried the infilled craters. Hesperian megafloods stripped away hundreds of meters
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Ultra-Fast Kelvin Wave Packets in Mars' Atmosphere and Their Interactions With Tides as Viewed by MAVEN/NGIMS and MRO/MCS J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Federico Gasperini, J. Hughes, J. M. Forbes, E. M. B. Thiemann
A key element of successful aerobraking operations at Mars is accurate thermospheric density predictions. Evidence suggests that much of the longitude variability in Mars' aerobraking region is associated with atmospheric tides, and the day-to-day variability is connected with tidal modulation by longer-period global-scale waves. Specifically, ultra-fast Kelvin waves (UFKWs) and their modulation of
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The Spectral Characteristics of Lunar Agglutinates: Visible–Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Apollo Soil Separates J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Chanud N. Yasanayake, Brett W. Denevi, Takahiro Hiroi, Brad. L. Jolliff, Anna C. Martin, Annabelle L. Gao, Margaret L. Zhang, Lucas M. Bloom, Samuel J. Lawrence
The lunar surface evolves over time due to space weathering, and the visible–near-infrared spectra of more mature (i.e., heavily weathered) soils are lower in reflectance and steeper in spectral slope (i.e., darker and redder) than their immature counterparts. These spectral changes have traditionally been attributed to the space-weathered rims of soil grains (and particularly nanophase iron therein)
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Measuring Erosional and Depositional Patterns Across Comet 67P's Imhotep Region J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 A. S. Jindal, S. P. D. Birch, A. G. Hayes, F. P. Özyurt, A. B. Issah, S. A. Moruzzi, M. N. Barrington, J. M. Soderblom, R. L. Kirk, R. Marschall, J. B. Vincent
Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko displays a pronounced hemispherical dichotomy in surface morphology, where the southern hemisphere exhibits more erosional features than the northern hemisphere due to receiving much greater solar radiation. Consequently, it is generally assumed that particles are ejected from the southern hemisphere through sublimation and a significant fraction eventually descends
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Constraints on the Spatial Distribution of Lunar Crustal Magnetic Sources From Orbital Magnetic Field Data J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Joana S. Oliveira, Foteini Vervelidou, Mark A. Wieczorek, Marina Díaz Michelena
Spacecraft measurements show that the crust of the Moon is heterogeneously magnetized. The sources of these magnetic anomalies are yet not fully understood, with most not being related to known geological structures or processes. Here, we use an inversion methodology that relies on the assumption of unidirectional magnetization, commonly referred to as Parker's method, to elucidate the origin of the
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Investigating the Linkage Between Spiral Trough Morphology and Cloud Coverage on the Martian North Polar Layered Deposits J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 K. A. Lutz, R. L. Hawley, M. C. Palucis
The martian North Polar layered deposits (NPLD) are composed of alternating water-ice and dust-rich layers resulting from atmospheric deposition and are key to understanding Mars climate cycles. Within these deposits are spiral troughs whose migration affects deposition signals. To understand the relationship between NPLD stratigraphy and Martian climate, we must identify modern-day drivers of NPLD
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Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Shenandoah Formation, Western Fan, Jezero Crater, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 K. M. Stack, L. R. W. Ives, S. Gupta, M. P. Lamb, M. Tebolt, G. Caravaca, J. P. Grotzinger, P. Russell, D. L. Shuster, A. J. Williams, H. Amundsen, S. Alwmark, A. M. Annex, R. Barnes, J. Bell, O. Beyssac, T. Bosak, L. S. Crumpler, E. Dehouck, S. J. Gwizd, K. Hickman-Lewis, B. H. N. Horgan, J. Hurowitz, H. Kalucha, O. Kanine, C. Lesh, J. Maki, N. Mangold, N. Randazzo, C. Seeger, R. M. E. Williams, A
Sedimentary fans are key targets of exploration on Mars because they record the history of surface aqueous activity and habitability. The sedimentary fan extending from the Neretva Vallis breach of Jezero crater's western rim is one of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover's main exploration targets. Perseverance spent ∼250 sols exploring and collecting seven rock cores from the lower ∼25 m of sedimentary
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A Preliminary Study on the Identification and Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Martian Atmospheric Eddies J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Bo Li, Shaojie Qu, Zongcheng Ling, Shengbo Chen
Atmospheric eddies serve as a crucial component of global circulation on Mars. It is of great scientific and engineering significance to study the spatio-temporal characteristics of atmospheric eddies and eddy sequences. In this paper, based on the Open access to Mars Assimilated Remote Soundings (OpenMARS) dataset, we used an eddy detection and sequence tracking method to extract a total of 4,089
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Small-Scale Overturn of High-Ti Cumulates Promoted by the Long Lifetime of the Lunar Magma Ocean J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 M. Maurice, N. Tosi, C. Hüttig
The fractional crystallization of the lunar magma ocean (LMO) results in a gravitationally unstable layering, with dense Fe- and Ti-oxides overlying lighter mafic cumulates. Due to their high density, these are prone to overturn via Rayleigh-Taylor instability. However, this instability competes with the downward growth of the cold and stiff stagnant lid, which tends to trap the cumulates preventing
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A Global Survey of Gravitationally Deformed Volcanoes on Venus J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Rebecca M. Hahn, Paul K. Byrne
Gravitational instabilities can develop at volcanoes of any size and in any geological setting and can lead to various types of volcano deformation, ranging from small-scale landslides on the flanks of the edifice to large, deep-seated sector collapses. As volcanoes grow, they impose an increasing load on the underlying basement, which can result in styles of gravitational deformation where the edifice
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Ice-Ocean Interactions on Ocean Worlds Influence Ice Shell Topography J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 J. D. Lawrence, B. E. Schmidt, J. J. Buffo, P. M. Washam, C. Chivers, S. Miller
The freezing point of water is negatively dependent on pressure; therefore in any ocean without external forcing it is warmest at the surface and grows colder with depth. Below floating ice on Earth (e.g., ice shelves or sea ice), this pressure dependence combines with gradients in the ice draft to drive an ice redistribution process termed the “ice pump”: submerged ice melts, upwells, and then refreezes
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Combined Neutron and X-Ray Tomography—A Versatile and Non-Destructive Tool in Planetary Geosciences J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 J. Martell, C. Alwmark, R. Woracek, S. Alwmark, S. Hall, L. Ferrière, L. Daly, C. Bender Koch, J. Hektor, S. Johansson, L. Helfen, A. Tengattini, D. Mannes
With several upcoming sample return missions, such as the Mars Sample Return Campaign, non-destructive methods will be key to maximizing their scientific output. In this study, we demonstrate that the combination of neutron and X-ray tomography provides an important tool for the characterization of such valuable samples. These methods allow quantitative analyses of internal sample features and also
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A Novel Approach to Impact Crater Mapping and Analysis on Enceladus, Using Machine Learning J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 M. Blanco-Rojas, M. L. Carroll, C. S. Spradlin, J. A. Caraballo-Vega, Z. W. Williams
Impact cratering is one of the most important processes shaping planetary surfaces, offering valuable clues about the target body's geologic history and composition. However, crater mapping has historically been done manually, a process that has proven to be both arduous and time consuming. This paper outlines a machine learning crater mapping approach for bodies with limited elevation data available
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The Effects of a Stably Stratified Region With Radially Varying Electrical Conductivity on the Formation of Zonal Winds on Gas Planets J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 P. Wulff, U. R. Christensen, W. Dietrich, J. Wicht
The outer areas of Jupiter and Saturn have multiple zonal winds, reaching the high latitudes, that penetrate deep into the planets' interiors, as suggested by gravity measurements. These characteristics are replicable in numerical simulations by including both a shallow stably stratified layer, below a convecting envelope, and increasing electrical conductivity. A dipolar magnetic field, assumed to
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Global Distribution and Volume of Cryptomare and Visible Mare on the Moon From Gravity and Dark Halo Craters J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Kristel Izquierdo, Michael M. Sori, Brianne Checketts, Isabella Hampton, Brandon C. Johnson, Jason M. Soderblom
The present-day distribution of mare basalts on the Moon is an important constraint on the timing, duration, and flux of volcanism on the Moon. In this work, we find the global distribution of visible mares and cryptomares using the effective density (ρeff) of the Moon, which is sensitive to the vertical density distribution of the crust. We compute ρeff using the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory
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Europa's Double Ridges Produced by Ice Wedging J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 M. D. Cashion, B. C. Johnson, H. Gibson, E. P. Turtle, M. M. Sori, H. J. Melosh
Double ridges are sprawling features observed globally across the icy surface of Europa. They consist of two topographic highs flanking a trough. The topographic relief of the ridges is approximately 100 m, and the ridges extend up to hundreds of kilometers in length. The interior structure and dynamics of Europa's ice shell are currently poorly constrained. Therefore, accurate models for the formation
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Depositional and Diagenetic Sulfates of Hogwallow Flats and Yori Pass, Jezero Crater: Evaluating Preservation Potential of Environmental Indicators and Possible Biosignatures From Past Martian Surface Waters and Groundwaters J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Kathleen C. Benison, Karena K. Gill, Sunanda Sharma, Sandra Siljeström, Mike Zawaski, Tanja Bosak, Adrian Broz, Benton C. Clark, Edward Cloutis, Andrew D. Czaja, David Flannery, Teresa Fornaro, Felipe Gómez, Kevin Hand, Chris D. K. Herd, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Juan Manuel Madariaga, Morten B. Madsen, Jesús Martinez-Frías, Marion Nachon, Jorge I. Núñez, David A. K. Pedersen, Nicholas Randazzo, David L
The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover has examined and sampled sulfate-rich clastic rocks from the Hogwallow Flats member at Hawksbill Gap and the Yori Pass member at Cape Nukshak. Both strata are located on the Jezero crater western fan front, are lithologically and stratigraphically similar, and have been assigned to the Shenandoah formation. In situ analyses demonstrate that these are fine-grained sandstones
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Gravity-Driven Differences in Fluvial Sediment Transport on Mars and Earth J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Lisanne Braat, Muriel Z. M. Brückner, Elliot Sefton-Nash, Michael P. Lamb
There is abundant evidence from fluvial landforms and deposits that Mars had rivers that actively transported sediment and shaped its surface. Sediment transport equations are playing a key role in quantifying river processes from these observations, which continue to increase in quality and quantity. In this study, we review sediment transport equations developed on Earth and isolate the effect of
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Constraining Formation Hypotheses for Irregular Mare Patches on the Moon With Orbital Reflectance Spectra J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Hunter Vannier, Briony Horgan, Julie D. Stopar, Marie Henderson
Irregular mare patches (IMPs) are enigmatic volcanic features on the Moon's surface, whose lack of cratering and crisp appearance imply they formed <100 Ma ago, ∼1 Ga after the expected turnoff of lunar volcanism. Multiple contrasting formation hypotheses have been put forth to explain their young appearance, including recent emplacement via eruptions of juvenile volcanic material or outgassing, versus
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-29
No abstract is available for this article.
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Investigating Thermal Contrasts Between Jupiter's Belts, Zones, and Polar Vortices With VLT/VISIR J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Deborah Bardet, Padraig T. Donnelly, Leigh N. Fletcher, Arrate Antuñano, Michael T. Roman, James A. Sinclair, Glenn S. Orton, Chihiro Tao, John H. Rogers, Henrik Melin, Jake Harkett
Using images at multiple mid-infrared wavelengths, acquired in 2018 May using the Very Large Telescope Imager and Spectrometer (VISIR) instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT), we study Jupiter's pole-to-pole thermal, chemical and aerosol structure in the troposphere and stratosphere. We confirm that the pattern of cool and cloudy anticyclonic zones and warm cloud-free cyclonic belts persists
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Water Vapor Variability in the Thermosphere of Mars During Mars Years 32–36 J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Z. Girazian
Using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution observations, we characterize the variability of water vapor in the Martian thermosphere during Mars Years 32–36. Near a fixed atmospheric pressure level of ∼5 × 10−7 Pa, the typical water density is 1.7 (±1.0) × 103 cm−3 and the typical water mixing ratio is 14.6 (±9.0) ppm. Thermospheric water levels are higher during the southern spring and summer seasons
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Detection of Subsurface Density Structures of the Aristarchus Plateau by Gravity Inversion J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Feng Liang, Mohamed Amrouche, Jianguo Yan, Hakim Saibi
The Aristarchus plateau, located at the center of Oceanus Procellarum, exhibits one of the most complex volcanic features on the Moon. To understand the subsurface three-dimensional density distribution under the Aristarchus plateau, we performed gravity inversion using high-resolution gravity data obtained from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory mission. Our inversion results indicate the
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Cutoff Rigidities, Galactic Cosmic Ray Flux, and Heavy Ion Detections at Jupiter J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Martin B. Enghoff, Jacob Svensmark, Heidi N. Becker, John L. Jørgensen, Stavros Kotsiaros, Matija Herceg, James W. Alexander, Meghan M. Florence, John E. P. Connerney
A map of vertical cutoff rigidities has been calculated for galactic cosmic ray (GCR) entry into the atmosphere of Jupiter at the 1 bar pressure radius (1 RJ = 71,492 km) using the JRM33 comprehensive model of Jupiter's magnetic field (based on 32 close flybys of Jupiter by the Juno satellite) along with a particle trajectory code (Geomagnetic Cutoff Rigidity Computer Program). The map was combined
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Geologic History of Deuteronilus Cavus in the Ismenius Lacus Region, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Lukas Wueller, Wajiha Iqbal, Harald Hiesinger, James W. Head
The Ismenius Lacus region of Mars has a diverse geological history, and we present the first high-resolution map of Deuteronilus Cavus (36.2°N; 14.0°E, ∼120 km diameter) in the fretted terrain south of the dichotomy boundary. Strong evidence suggests a volcanic origin of the regional plains, based on the ∼50 m thick volcanic bed underlying 180–300 m of sublimation residue associated with Amazonian
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Crater Populations of the Saturnian Satellites Mimas, Rhea, and Iapetus J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Stuart J. Robbins, Edward B. Bierhaus, Luke Dones
The Saturnian system has been explored by four spacecraft: Pioneer 11, Voyager 1 and 2, and Cassini. Only the last three took images suitable for photogeologic analysis of the surfaces of Saturn's moons, and over the decades, several research groups have published data about the crater distributions on the Saturnian satellites. These groups have used those data to draw conclusions about the impactor
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Evidence of Sulfate-Rich Fluid Alteration in Jezero Crater Floor, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Sandra Siljeström, Andrew D. Czaja, Andrea Corpolongo, Eve L. Berger, An Y. Li, Emily Cardarelli, William Abbey, Sanford A. Asher, Luther W. Beegle, Kathleen C. Benison, Rohit Bhartia, Benjamin L. Bleefeld, Aaron S. Burton, Sergei V. Bykov, Benton Clark, Lauren DeFlores, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Teresa Fornaro, Allie Fox, Felipe Gómez, Kevin Hand, Nikole C. Haney, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, William F. Hug, Samara
Sulfur plays a major role in martian geochemistry and sulfate minerals are important repositories of water. However, their hydration states on Mars are poorly constrained. Therefore, understanding the hydration and distribution of sulfate minerals on Mars is important for understanding its geologic, hydrologic, and atmospheric evolution as well as its habitability potential. NASA's Perseverance rover
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Modal Petrology and Mineral Chemistry of the <1 mm Size Fraction of Lunar Regolith in Apollo 17 Drive Tube Section 73002 J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 S. B. Simon, M. J. Cato, C. K. Shearer
The Apollo 17 mission returned samples from the Taurus-Littrow Valley of the Moon. Key features of the site are a basaltic valley floor partially enclosed by South Massif and North Massif mountains and the Sculptured Hills, which consist of feldspar-rich highland lithologies. A recently opened soil core sampled an inferred landslide deposit at the base of South Massif. Study of a suite of polished
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Buoyant Impact Partial Melts on Ancient Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 B. A. Black, S. Marchi
Most of the Martian crust formed prior to ∼4 Ga, but the magmatic processes responsible for finalizing the structure and composition of the ancient crust remain enigmatic. Impacts can produce large volumes of melt under a wide range of melting pressures, temperatures, and degrees of melting. Hellas, Argyre, Isidis, and Utopia basins date to around 4 Ga, demonstrating that basin-scale impacts helped
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Comparing Atmospheric Temperature Fluctuations Across Landed Missions J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Emily L. Mason, Michael D. Smith, Mark I. Richardson, Scott D. Guzewich
We analyze and compare atmospheric temperature data from three landed missions: Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover, Phoenix lander, and Pathfinder lander. Pathfinder and Phoenix were lander missions that operated for 84 and 151 sols, respectively. MSL Curiosity is a rover that operates on the surface of Mars. It has recorded air temperature for more than five Mars Years (MY). We denoise
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Sub-Diurnal Methane Variations on Mars Driven by Barometric Pumping and Planetary Boundary Layer Evolution J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 J. P. Ortiz, H. Rajaram, P. H. Stauffer, K. W. Lewis, R. C. Wiens, D. R. Harp
In recent years, the Tunable Laser Spectrometer within the Sample Analysis at Mars (TLS-SAM) instrument on board the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover has detected methane variations in the atmosphere at Gale crater. Methane concentrations appear to fluctuate seasonally as well as sub-diurnally, which is difficult to reconcile with an as-yet-unknown transport mechanism delivering the gas
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Evolution of a Lake Margin Recorded in the Sutton Island Member of the Murray Formation, Gale Crater, Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 S. Gwizd, C. Fedo, J. Grotzinger, S. Banham, F. Rivera-Hernández, S. Gupta, K. M. Stack, L. A. Edgar, A. R. Vasavada, J. Davis, L. C. Kah
This study uses data from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover to document the facies of the Sutton Island member of the Murray formation, interpret paleoenvironments, and establish key stratigraphic transitions at Gale crater. Two facies associations were identified: Facies Association 1 (FA1) and Facies Association 2 (FA2). Individual facies in FA1 include planar-laminated mudstone with minor
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Deciphering Martian Flood Infiltration Processes at Hebrus Valles: Insights From Laboratory Experiments and Remote Sensing Observations J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 F. Costard, J. A. P. Rodriguez, E. Godin, A. Séjourné, J. S. Kargel
In evaluating the unique geomorphology of Hebrus Valles on Mars, an outflow channel southeast of Utopia Planitia, we investigated the role of fluvial dynamics in forming subsurface conduits. Unlike typical Martian channels that terminate under younger sediment rocks, Hebrus Valles retains its downstream features, thus offering a window into surface and subsurface interactions between liquid water and
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EBSD Analysis of Iron-Nickel Metal in L Type Ordinary Chondrites: 2. Formation of Net, Acicular, Duplex, and Pearlitic Plessite J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Yexin Luo, Hongyi Chen, Sky Beard, Xiaojia Zeng, Sen Hu, Lei Jin, Jiahui Liu, Shaolin Li, Xiaoping Zhang
The microstructure of plessite, which is composed of kamacite (α) and taenite (γ), exhibits diverse formation mechanisms and is highly complex. In this study, four types of plessite, namely net, acicular, duplex, and pearlitic plessite, were investigated in L group chondrites using the Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) technique. This enabled comprehensive determination of their orientation relationships
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Unraveling the Tectonic History of the Tharsis Rise on Mars: Plume Migration and Critical Taper Dome J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Oguzcan Karagoz, Thomas Kenkmann, Stefan Hergarten
Wrinkle ridges are widespread tectonic landforms that serve as paleo-strain and paleo-stress indicators of the compressional history and thermal evolution of Mars. To reconstruct the center of the Tharsis rise and its migration with time, we mapped wrinkle ridges in the periphery of the dome and analyzed 34,741 wrinkle ridge segments with a total length of 77,294 km. We determined the deviation of
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EBSD Analysis of Iron-Nickel Metal in L Type Ordinary Chondrites: 1. The Microstructural Shock Signatures J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Yexin Luo, Hongyi Chen, Sky Beard, Xiaojia Zeng, Sen Hu, Zhimao Du, Lei Jin, Jiahui Liu, Shaolin Li, Xiaoping Zhang
The diverse microstructures of Fe-Ni metal in 10 L groups ordinary chondrites that experienced progressive shock alteration were investigated using the electron backscattered diffraction technique. Through a combination of metallography and a silicate-based shock classification scheme, we established the shock metamorphic features of metal phases corresponding to particular impact stages. In weakly
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MAVEN/IUVS Observations of OH Prompt Emission: Daytime Water Vapor in the Thermosphere of Mars J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 M. H. Stevens, E. M. Cangi, J. Deighan, S. K. Jain, M. S. Chaffin, J. S. Evans, S. Gupta, J. T. Clarke, N. M. Schneider, S. M. Curry
We report the highest altitude detection of water vapor on Mars to date. The daytime limb observations by the Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft are of hydroxyl (OH) prompt emission near 308 nm, which is excited directly from the photodissociation of water vapor by the solar Lyman-α flux. Average IUVS daytime water vapor densities
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-30
No abstract is available for this article.
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On the Response of Chondrites to Diurnal Temperature Change—Experimental Simulation of Asteroidal Surface Conditions J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Markus Patzek, Ottaviano Rüsch, Jamie L. Molaro
Thermal fatigue is a process that degrades rocks and pebbles exposed to space by diurnal cycling. We simulate the diurnal temperature variation at 1 AU of 5 mm-sized sample cubes using an evacuated cryostat, allowing conditions that are closer to those expected in space. Sample cubes of ordinary, CV, CM2, and C2 chondrites were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography
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Spectral Analysis of Mare Ingenii Basin (Lunar Farside) J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Giulia Salari, Gloria Tognon, Francesca Zambon, Cristian Carli, Federico Tosi, Lorenza Giacomini, Jean-Philippe Combe, Riccardo Pozzobon, Sergio Fonte, Matteo Massironi, Giovanna Rinaldi
Mare Ingenii is a site of great interest for lunar geology as it is one of the few basaltic plains on the farside of the Moon. It is located within the outer edge of the South Pole-Aitken basin, the largest and oldest impact basin in our Solar System. Mare Ingenii includes two large craters, Thomson and Thomson M, and a prominent swirl, a high-albedo sinuous feature whose origin is still debated. We
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A Complex Region of Europa's Surface With Hints of Recent Activity Revealed by Juno's Stellar Reference Unit J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Heidi N. Becker, Jonathan I. Lunine, Paul M. Schenk, Meghan M. Florence, Martin J. Brennan, Candice J. Hansen, Yasmina M. Martos, Scott J. Bolton, James W. Alexander
On 29 September 2022 Juno's low-light sensitive Stellar Reference Unit (SRU) captured a high-resolution (256–340 m/pixel) broadband (450–1,100 nm) visible image of Europa's icy surface during the first close flyby of the Jovian moon since Galileo's last encounter in 2000. Collected at a sub-spacecraft altitude of 412 km while the surface was illuminated only by Jupiter-shine (incidence angle: 48–51°)
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Unraveling the Fate of Impacted Ice Particles and the Consequences for Plume Fly-Through Missions J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Valerie Scott, Hao Jiang, Bo Li, Sally E. Burke, Morgan E. C. Miller, Robert E. Continetti, Amy E. Hofmann
Planetary exploration mission concepts that include flying directly through material for collection and/or analysis are becoming increasingly common, with Enceladus water ice particles offering a particularly high-value target. Despite this interest, understanding and predicting what happens to ice samples upon impacting a surface at the high- and hyper-velocities expected for these missions remains
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Mercury's Exosphere as Seen by BepiColombo/PHEBUS Visible Channels During the First Two Flybys J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 R. Robidel, E. Quémerais, J. Y. Chaufray, D. Koutroumpa, F. Leblanc, A. Reberac, I. Yoshikawa, K. Yoshioka, G. Murakami, O. Korablev, D. Belyaev, M. G. Pelizzo, A. J. Corso
BepiColombo, the ESA/JAXA joint mission performed its first flyby of Mercury on 1 October 2021 and its second on 23 June 2022. PHEBUS observed the exosphere of Mercury during these flybys notably with its visible channels c404 (centered on the potassium emission line at 404 nm) and c422 (centered on the calcium emission line at 422 nm). The c422 signal shows not only an enhancement of calcium (Ca)
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Three-Dimensional Global Hybrid Simulations of Mercury's Disappearing Dayside Magnetosphere J. Geophys. Res. Planets (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Jin Guo, San Lu, Quanming Lu, James A. Slavin, Weijie Sun, Junyi Ren, Xueyi Wang, Yu Lin, Rajkumar Hajra, Rongsheng Wang
An important discovery of MESSENGER is the occurrence of dayside disappearing magnetosphere (DDM) events that occur when the solar wind dynamic pressure is extremely high and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is both intense and southward. In this study, we investigate the DDM events at Mercury under extreme solar wind conditions using a three-dimensional (3-D) global hybrid simulation model