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Understanding genesis of iron oxide concretions present in Dhandraul (Vindhyan) Sandstone: Implications in formation of Martian hematite spherules J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-26 Prakash Jha, Pranab Das, Dwijesh Ray
Abstract The iron oxide concretions of Shankargarh (Allahabad), India belongs to Dhandraul Sandstone of Vindhyan Supergroup. Petrography of concretions shows abundant quartz grains embedded within the iron oxide cementation. XRD analysis of the concretion shows diagnostic peaks for quartz, hematite, and goethite. The A–CN–K and A–CNK–FM ternary diagrams drawn for concretion and host rock bulk composition
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Phosphorus sorption behaviour of the largest brackish water lagoon, South Asia J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 Saroja Kumar Barik, Satyanarayan Bramha, Srikanta Samanta, Ajit Kumar Pattanaik, Raj Kishore Patel, Tapan Kumar Bastia, Rabindro Nath Samal, Dibakar Behera, Prasanta Rath
Abstract The Chilika Lagoon is the largest brackish water ecosystem in the Asian continent and is a Ramsar site. Here, the sorption–desorption study was standardized simulating the environmental condition of the Chilika, to ascertain whether phosphorus (P) is the source or sink for sediments of the coastal ecosystem. The sorption behaviour of sediment phosphorus was better fitting into the modified
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Evaluation of sub-seasonal to seasonal rainfall forecast over Zambia J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 Bathsheba Musonda, Yuanshu Jing, Matthews Nyasulu, Lucia Mumo
Highlights Monthly S2S reforecast for 20 years obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) were evaluated against the in-situ rainfall data over Zambia using 1-month lead time forecast. The two datasets agree with the rainfall pattern throughout the year thereby, the S2S ECMWF realistically simulates the mean annual cycle skillfully by identifying the wet season from
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Sensitivity to initial conditions on the simulation of extratropical cyclone ‘Gong’ formed over North Atlantic J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 P K Pradhan, Hari Prasad Dasari, Srinivas Desamsetti, S Vijaya Bhaskara Rao, Rambabu Guvvala
Research highlights Sensitivity of initial and boundary conditions (ICs) are studied for an extra-tropical cyclone (ETC, Gong (2013)) over North Atlantic Ocean using WRF model. Movement (track) and synoptic feature of Gong have been evaluated with observations. WRF could simulate the characteristics throughout life cycle of Gong. The model attained intense stage was well simulated. Cyclogenesis and
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A reliable velocity estimation in a complex deep-water environment using downward continued long offset multi-channel seismic (MCS) data J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 Dibakar Ghosal, Satish C Singh
Abstract The estimation of a reliable velocity–depth model from towed streamer marine seismic data recorded in deep water, especially with a complex seafloor environment, is challenging. The determination of interval velocities from the normal move-out (NMO) of the reflected seismic signals for shallow reflectors (<1 km below the seafloor) is compromised by the combination of a long wave path in the
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Phased cooling of the Siang antiform, Eastern Himalaya: Insight from multi-thermochronology and thermal studies J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 Dnyanada Salvi, George Mathew, Kanchan Pande, Barry P Kohn
Abstract The Siang antiform which forms the southern portion of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis is a massive subaerial duplex comprised of Paleogene rocks. The specifics of growth and deformation of the Siang duplex remain ambiguous due to limited studies in the region. Using multi-thermochronometry and Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous matter (RSCM), this study place temporal depth constraints on
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Appraisal of Veldurti–Kalva–Gani (VKG) fault, Cuddapah Basin, India: Gravity and magnetic approach J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 K Satish Kumar, P SivaSankar, S Parveen Begum, B Laxman, Phalke Mahesh Devidas, V Maha Laxmi Naidu, P Solomon Raju, D Srinagesh
Abstract A ~60 km long Veldurti–Kalva–Gani (VKG) fault is one of the identified strike-slip faults extending from Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) to Cuddapah basin in South Indian Shield. The recorded recent seismic activity during year 2012–2016 show occurrences of three microseismic events (< Mw 2.0) in the vicinity of this fault. Historically, no major seismic events are recorded near this fault except
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On the build-up of dust aerosols and possible indirect effect during Indian summer monsoon break spells using recent satellite observations of aerosols and cloud properties J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 V B Arya, Sajani Surendran, Kavirajan Rajendran
Abstract Association of higher (lower) rainfall with lower (higher) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is consistent with the understanding that increased washout (build-up) and shorter (longer) life-time of aerosols occur in wetter (drier) conditions. Given the life-time of aerosols, it is imperative to examine how aerosols impact active/break (wetter/drier than normal) spells, prominent intraseasonal variability
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Performance of water vapour retrieval from MODIS and ECMWF and their validation with ground based GPS measurements over Varanasi J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 Akhilesh Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Vineet Pratap, A K Singh
Abstract Water vapour is highly variable over tropical region and sensitive to weather condition, monsoon onset, green house effect, and pollution level in Ganga River. In the present study, variability in water vapour derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) over Varanasi (25°20′N, 82°59′E) during the period 2007–2010 has been studied. The GPS-derived water vapour (WV) has been compared with those
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An estimation of probable seismic hazard in the active deformation front of the Himalayan arc J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 Basab Mukhopadhyay
Research highlights The earthquake catalogue of Himalaya between 1225 and 2017 is compiled. The active tectonic front of the Himalaya is subdivided into 14 zones (1–14) between MFT and MCT. The moment ratio < 1 in 10 zones [1 (Kashmir), 3 (Kangra), 5 (Almora), 6 (Central-gap1), 8 (Pokhra–Kathmandu), 9 (Everest), 11 (W Bhutan), 12 (E Bhutan), 13 (Arunachal) and 14 (Eastern Syntaxis)], show good agreement
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Hybrid wavelet–artificial intelligence models in meteorological drought estimation J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-13 Emine Dilek Taylan, Özlem Terzi, Tahsin Baykal
Abstract In this study, wavelet transform (W), which is one of the data pre-processing techniques, adaptive neural-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to develop the drought estimation models of Çanakkale, Turkey. For these models, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months drought indices were calculated by standard precipitation index (SPI)
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Estimation and evaluation of rainfall from INSAT-3D improved IMSRA algorithm during 2018 summer monsoon season J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-13 Aman W Khan, C Mahesh, M T Bushair, R M Gairola
Abstract Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) multi-spectral Rainfall Algorithm (IMSRA) is an operational rainfall estimation technique of INSAT-3D at Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) and Meteorological and Oceanographic Satellite Data Archival Centre (MOSDAC) since 2014. The IMSRA rain estimates are widely used for various application studies. This algorithm is based on an empirical power-law
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Lunar feldspathic meteorite Dhofar 081: Petrochemical constraints on petrogenesis J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-13 Dwijesh Ray, Saumitra Misra, David R Nelson
Abstract Two alternative petrogenetic models, plagioclase flotation and serial magmatism have been proposed to explain the origin of the lunar anorthositic crust, covering ~80% of the lunar highland. In this study, we re-examine the possible relict igneous texture present in an inferred lunar highland breccia clast (area ~1 mm2) in the Dhofar 081 meteorite. Our new petrographic and in-situ mineral
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Effects of shape and complexity of ridge topography on the comparative amplification scenario for the SH- and SV-waves J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-12 Neeraj Kumar, J P Narayan, Vinay Kumar, Vishvendra Tiwari
Abstract In this paper, the computation of seismic responses of complex ridge topography is documented that can provide a reliable scenario of ridge amplification. This research work is inspired by the topography of the great Himalaya, wherein the increase of height from the south to north is in form of ups (anticlines) and downs (synclines). The viscoelastic SH- and SV-wave responses of triangular
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Monthly surface runoff prediction using artificial intelligence: A study from a tropical climate river basin J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-10 Beeram Satya Narayana Reddy, S K Pramada, Thendiyath Roshni
Abstract Accurate surface runoff prediction is vital for water resources engineers for various applications. Advances in the artificial intelligence techniques can act as robust tools for modelling hydrological processes. The present study focuses on testing the reliability of different data sources and choosing the correct source to model the rainfall-runoff process under data scarce situations using
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Orientation of marine atmospheric rolls in a SAR imagery using wavelet transform: A case study over Bay of Bengal J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 Jagdish Prajapati, Bipasha Paul Shukla, Raj Kumar
Abstract An objective wavelet based algorithm has been developed to find the orientation of rolls in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery using Radar Imaging Satellite (RISAT-1) data. The orientation of rolls plays a very crucial role for the estimation of ocean surface wind direction. It also affects the shape and size of a tropical cyclone. In this manuscript, SAR image was decomposed using Haar
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Temperature over the Himalayan foothill state of Uttarakhand: Present and future J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 Arkadeb Banerjee, A P Dimri, K Kumar
Abstract Uttarakhand, a hill state of India, covers an area of 51,125 km2. The geographic position is highly crucial with in the Central Himalayas (CH), for agro-climate, water resource management, food-processing, tourism, etc., having enriched bio-diversity and forest. Present study investigates the spatio-temporal characteristics and distribution of temperature of Uttarakhand state. Observation
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Monsoonal rainfall induced shallow earthquake Swarm in the Amravati district of the central India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Monika Wadhawan, Naresh Rana, Vineet Gahalaut, Manjeet Singh, Kulbir Singh, G Suresh, O P Mishra, Akshay Kumar Joshi, A V Kulkarni, Mahendra Singh, A K Das
Abstract Sadrabadi and Zilphi villages of Dharni Taluka in Amravati district, Maharashtra, experienced small magnitude earthquakes between September 1, 2018 and December 9, 2018. We deployed a four station temporary network of three component broadband seismographs to understand and characterize the earthquake sequence. We find that the short lived (~2 months) micro-earthquake (M ≤ 2.4) swarm, accompanying
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Groundwater quality and hydrological stress induced by Lower Gondwana open cast coal mine J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Ujjal Mal, Kalyan Adhikari
Abstract Open cast coal mine (OCCM) may impose adverse effects on groundwater quality and on its flow regime. Evaluation of water quality often becomes difficult and confusing due to presence of multiple criteria and index based on different parameters. A novel approach has been introduced which speaks about a single index revealing the effect of all important parameters to determine the quality for
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Vorticity patterns along the Main Central Thrust Zone, Alaknanda–Dhauli Ganga Valleys (Garhwal), Uttarakhand Himalaya J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Lawrence Kanyan, Arvind K Jain, Sandeep Singh
Abstract The Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS), constituting the anatectic core of the Himalaya, is generally modelled as a mid-crustal southward extruding channel or wedge. Movements along the Main Central Thrust (MCT) in the south and the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) in the north and exhumation along the Himalayan front played an important role in the extrusion of the GHS from beneath the
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Simulation of rainfall–runoff process for an ungauged catchment using an event-based hydrologic model: A case study of koraiyar basin in Tiruchirappalli city, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Surendar Natarajan, Nisha Radhakrishnan
Abstract The Koraiyar River basin is located in Tiruchirappalli city, one of the fastest-growing medium-sized cities in south India. Over the decades, the city has experienced sporadic flooding in vast areas due to the breaching of bunds when the river is in spate. The objective of this investigative study is to simulate rainfall–runoff in the Koraiyar basin watershed through the reliable Hydrologic
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Bio-mineral needle fiber calcite (NFC) in Tunisian Pleistocene calcretes (topology and crystallization) J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Faouzia Tlili, Asma Ayari, Kamel Regaya
Abstract The microfacies of Pleistocene calcareous crust in Tunisia revealed the presence of diverse aspects of acicular crystallizations in a porous system. These crystallizations are in the shape of branched filaments, mono or polycrystalline rods which are either smooth or serrated (calcite), and serrated edge needle (calcium oxalate). The genesis of these acicular structures seems to be directly
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Seismic tomographic imaging of P wave velocity perturbation beneath Sumatra, Java, Malacca Strait, Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Abel Uyimwen Osagie, Ismail Ahmad Abir
P wave tomographic imaging of the crust down to a depth of 90 km is performed beneath the region encompassing Sumatra, Java, Malacca Strait, peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Inversion is performed with 99,741 first-arrival p waves from 16,196 local and regional earthquakes occurred around the Sumatra Subduction Zone (SSZ) between 1964 and 2018. Tomographic results show low-velocity (low-V) anomalies
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Estimation of surface density changes using a mascon method in GRACE-like missions J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Abbas Abedini, Wolfgang Keller, Alireza Amiri-Simkooei
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data are a valuable source of information for estimating hydrological mass changes. Several approaches have been conducted to investigate surface density changes from satellite-based observations. The traditional approaches are mainly based on the Stokes coefficients, related to a spherical harmonic representation of the gravitational potential. This
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Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall, meteorological drought and response from a water supply reservoir in the megacity of Chennai, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 P Anandharuban, L Elango
Abstract Assessment of rainfall variability and drought is essential to address the existing water crisis and water resources management. This study was carried out to assess the rainfall variability, meteorological drought and relative response of a water supply reservoir located in Chennai Metropolitan, India. Spatial and temporal variation of rainfall and drought across the river basin was assessed
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Modelling and forecasting for monthly surface air temperature patterns in India, 1951–2016: Structural time series approach J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 K V Narasimha Murthy, R Saravana, G Kishore Kumar, K Vijaya Kumar
Abstract Surface air temperature (SAT) is a key meteorological parameter. Modelling and forecasting of the SAT has vital importance to understand the ecological and agricultural changes. We utilized all India monthly mean SAT, which covers a time span of 1951–2016. We used structural time series (STS) analysis to model and forecast the monthly mean SAT. Forecast during 2006–2016 well matched with the
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Petrogenetic characterization of pegmatites and their host rocks in southern Akwanga, North-Central Basement Complex, Nigeria J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Anthony Chukwu, Smart C Obiora
Abstract The pegmatites in southern Akwanga occur within the reactivated belt of the basement complex of Nigeria. The pegmatites consist of dominantly albite–muscovite pegmatites (rare-metal), southern parts of the map areas and biotite-microcline pegmatites (barren) central parts of the map. The pegmatites intruded gneiss-migmatitic complex consist of metasedimentry rocks; granitic gneisses and biotite
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Performance of numerical weather prediction models in predicting track of recurving cyclone Vayu over Arabian Sea during June 2019 J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Krishna Mishra, M Sharma, M Mohapatra
Abstract A tropical cyclone (TC) Vayu developed over the Arabian Sea during June, 2019. It followed a northward track from southeast Arabian Sea to northeast Arabian Sea close to Gujarat coast during 10–12 June 2019 as a very severe cyclonic storm. It skirted south Gujarat coast by recurving west-northwestwards during 13th–14th June and again made a northeastward recurvature on 16th June towards Gujarat
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Intercomparison between IMD ground radar and TRMM PR observations using alignment methodology and artificial neural network J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Alok Sharma, Srinivasa Ramanujam Kannan
Abstract An inter-comparison of ground radar reflectivity with space-borne TRMM’s Precipitation Radar using alignment methodology has been presented. For this purpose, reflectivity data from Dual Polarization Ground Radar (GR) maintained by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) at the IMD Delhi site is utilized. IMD Delhi has collected radar data during Continental Tropical Convergence Zone (CTCZ)
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Phosphate removal through adsorption on suspended matter in the Bay of Bengal: Possible implications to primary production J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 D N Rao, V R D Ghosh, P Sam, K Yadav, V V S S Sarma
Abstract Low primary production in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) could not be explained as this region receives nutrients from atmospheric deposition, rivers, eddies, and mixing due to depression/cyclones. In addition to nutrients, BoB also receives significant amount of suspended particulate matter (SPM) from the major rivers and their concentrations are in an order of magnitude higher than elsewhere in
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Geochemistry of Barail sandstone in Champhai, Mizoram: Implications on provenance and weathering history J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Malsawmtluangkima Hauhnar, Jimmy Lalnunmawia, Orizen M S Dawngliana
Abstract Mizoram is geologically young comprising entirely of sedimentary rocks. The Oligocene age of Barail group of sedimentary rocks, exposed near the Indo Myanmar mobile belt, i.e., Champhai area, Mizoram have been studied to infer the provenance and paleoweathering history. The significance of the work is that it will uncover and reconstruct origin of Barail sandstone and restore the tectonic
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Springs of Pasighat, a valuable resource for the community: A hydrogeological study carried out using geoelectrical resistivity technique J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Monjil Rajkonwar, Bhabajeet Dihingia, Uttam Goswami, Devojit Bezbaruah
Abstract Many springs occur in and around Pasighat. Eight major springs of the area were considered for the study. These springs are Dimple type, Fault dam type, and a combination of Fault dam and Border type. The highest discharge is 263.23 L/sec and the lowest is 1.91 L/sec. The aquifers are terrace deposits that comprise of unsorted boulders, cobbles and pebbles in sandy matrix and the springs occur
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Geoecological integrity index for assessment and prioritisation of watersheds in the Indian northwestern Himalayan region using geoinformatics J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Amit Kumar, Sunil Kumar, Benidhar Deshmukh
Abstract Biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors are considered in isolation for prioritisation of watersheds. Instead, it requires a multidisciplinary geoecolocical approach. The geoecology based prioritisation provides opportunities to assess the region by evaluating these multiple factors in combination. Thus, Geoecological Integrity Index (GII) was developed for prioritisation of Baner River
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Stability of vegetation growth in a noise-induced system J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-04 Debayan Bhattacharya, Amit Reza, Shantamoy Guha, R N Singh
Abstract Vegetation community plays a pivotal role in various geomorphic processes. The growth of vegetation intrinsically depends on the effective shear stresses exerted by the flow of material (e.g., water or soil) along the slope. We comparatively assess the growth and decay of vegetation using linear and logistic growth model coupled with a runoff erosion model. The linear growth model predicts
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Electrical imaging of karst terrene for managed aquifer recharge: A case study from Raipur, central India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-04 Tanvi Arora, Taufique Warsi, Farooq A Dar, Shakeel Ahmed
Abstract Supply of sustainable water is a priority for urbanization of the country. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is recommended to enhance the groundwater resources, but finding the favorable site for MAR is quite challenging, particularly, in urbanized karst terrains because of highly heterogeneous and anisotropic properties of carbonate aquifers. The expansion along Naya Raipur is posing a severe
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A spherical cap model of the geomagnetic field over southeast Asia from CHAMP and Swarm satellite observations J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-04 Le Truong Thanh, Le Huy Minh, Vafi Doumbia, Christine Amory-Mazaudier, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Ha Duyen Chau
Abstract In this paper, Spherical Cap Harmonic Analysis (SCHA) method was applied to model the geomagnetic field over Vietnam and adjacent area between 15°S and 25°N latitude and 90°E and 130°E in longitude by using magnetic data recorded on CHAMP and Swarm satellites. The characteristic parameters of the method were set at the maximum index Kint = 8 for internal fields, the spherical cap half-angle
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An integrated stochastic approach for extreme rainfall analysis in the National Capital Region of India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-04 Ranjana Ray Chaudhuri, Prateek Sharma
Abstract The National Capital Region of India (NCR Delhi) receives around 26 rainy days with majority of short duration high intensity rainfall events. Yet, the city faces severe waterlogging during south-west monsoon, and shortage of water in other seasons due to rapid urbanization and changing hydrological flow patterns. In an uncertain scenario, where spatiotemporal variability of rainfall at local
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Geochemical constrains on pyroxenites from Aniyapuram Mafic–Ultramafic Complex, Cauvery Suture Zone, southern India: Suprasubduction zone origin J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-03 T Yellappa, T Koizumi, T Tsunogae
Abstract The Aniyapuram Mafic and Ultramafic Complex (AMUC) is a dismembered ophiolite of Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic age, exposed in south-central part of the Cauvery Suture Zone (CSZ), Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT), India. The complex comprises ultramafic rocks like serpentinized peridotites of harzburgite variety and pyroxenites of websterite variety along with metagabbros, amphibolites, plagiogranites
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Geochemical characteristics of fluorine- and chlorine-bearing biotite from Tusham Ring Complex, NW India: Constraints on halogen distribution and geodynamic evolution J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-03 Naveen Kumar, Naresh Kumar, Radhika Sharma, A Krishnakanta Singh
Abstract The present study is carried out to understand the factors controlling halogens present in biotites, role of halogens in metallogeny in context to the magmatic evolution of Tusham Ring Complex (TRC), NW Indian Shield. The investigated rocks are identified with hypersolvus, high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous, ferroan-enriched and typical A-type granitoids affinity. They are enriched in SiO2
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Palaeogeographic implications of ichnotaxa assemblages from early Permian fluvio-marine Barakar Formation, Raniganj Basin, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-03 Biplab Bhattacharya, Joyeeta Bhattacharjee, Sudipto Banerjee, Tamanya Roy, Sandip Bandyopadhyay
Abstract The sandstone-shale-coal succession of the Barakar Formation (early Permian) of the Raniganj Basin, India hosts low-diversity ichnoassemblages, containing ichnogenera Arenicolites, Chondrites, Diplocraterion, Monocraterion, Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Skolithos, Taenidium, and Thalassinoides, produced by shallow marine infaunal invertebrates. Sedimentary facies architecture depicts
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Geochemistry and constrained 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of Youngest Toba Tuff glass shards, Purna alluvial basin, Central India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-03 Ashok K Srivastava, Ajab Singh
Abstract Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar dating of glass shards of Youngest Toba Tuff ash from two localities, i.e., Gandhigram (G-2) and Hudki (H-1) of the Purna alluvial basin, Central India have been carried out. Major oxides, determined by EPMA, exhibit SiO2 (78.4–79.6 wt%), Al2O3 (11.7–13.0 wt%), Na2O (2.0–2.6 wt%) and K2O (3.4–4.4 wt%) and minor and trace elements, analyzed by ICP-MS, reveal higher
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Analysis of current direction in a tropical fluvial system: A study of Ajay river basin within West Bengal, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-03 Monali Banerjee, Debasis Ghosh, Mrinal Mandal
Abstract The Ajay is an ephemeral, monsoon influenced river, originated from the Chhotanagpur plateau at Batpar of Jamui, Bihar, flowing through heterogeneous lithology and merge with the river Bhagirathi in West Bengal. Here, an attempt has been made to study the directional relationship between paleo-flow and the present flow direction of the Ajay river in West Bengal. Paleocurrent data help to reconstruct
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Correction to: A note on stress rotations due to the 2004 M w 9.2 Sumatra–Andaman megathrust earthquake J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 K Silpa, Anil Earnest
First author’s (K Silpa) primary affiliation (Article ID 187) in the article published was incorrect.
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Observing a severe flooding over southern part of India in monsoon season of 2019 J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 Anoop Kumar Mishra
Abstract Kerala is one of the most flood prone states of India due to its geographical location and topography. In recent decades, the frequency and intensity of flood has significantly increased in Kerala. Floods that occurred in the year 2007, 2009, 2014 and 2018 resulted in heavy damage in the form of lives and properties. This research focuses on exploring a recent flood event of Kerala in July–August
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Prediction of water shortage loss in situations with small samples based on an improved Gumbel copula J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 Longxia Qian, Yong Zhao, Hongrui Wang, Suzhen Dang
Abstract Prediction of water shortage losses is of great importance for water resources management. A new mathematical expression of water shortage loss was proposed in order to describe the random uncertainty and economic attributes of water resources. Then, Gumbel copula with a new method of parameter estimation was introduced to model the joint probabilistic characteristics for water supply and
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Nepheline syenite and related rocks at Meruda Takkar hill, northern Kachchh: Neoproterozoic Malani basement or Mesozoic alkaline magmatism? J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 M G Thakkar, Gaurav Chauhan, Yash Shah, Chirag Jani, Bhavyata Chavada, Abhishek Lakhote, Suraj Bhosale, C P Mistry
Abstract An extremely small but significant exposure of possibly Precambrian or Pre-Deccan Mesozoic plutonic rocks spanning 200 × 90 m in size with 15 m elevation, remotely located amidst vast salt flats of the Great Rann of Kachchh received attention when it was first reported by Biswas in 1968; however, systematic petrological and petrographical studies remained undone. Therefore, in the present
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Satellite-based observation of ocean productivity in southeast Arabian Sea using chlorophyll, sea surface temperature and wind datasets J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 S N Nagendra Jaiganesh, Ranjit Kumar Sarangi, Shital Shukla
Abstract The phytoplankton variability and ocean productivity have been studied with the retrieval of chlorophyll concentration (CC) from various satellite ocean colour missions. The phytoplankton distribution is related to ocean processes and physical parameters such as temperature, wind speed, currents, etc., at regional and global scales. In the current study, the phytoplankton productivity has
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A modelling framework for a better understanding of the tropically-forced component of the Indian monsoon variability J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 Erik T Swenson, David M Straus
Abstract An experimental technique is introduced for controlling atmospheric diabatic heating in a fully-coupled climate model (NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2), with the motivation of better understanding the role of tropical forcing in modulating the Indian summer monsoon and contributing to global seasonal prediction skill. The ‘added heating’ mechanistic approach has the benefit of not interfering
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Interpretation of ship-track magnetic data near Narcondam and Barren Island volcanoes revisited J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Indrajit G Roy
Abstract We interpret the legacy ship-track magnetic and bathymetric profile data to investigate the role of the lithospheric scale West Andaman Fault (WAF) in the dormant Narcondam and active Barren Island volcanoes. We use data-based automated interpretation of total magnetic intensity (TMI) profiles using a contact model in order to delineate geometrical and physical parameters of several faults
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Seasonal variation in longshore sediment transport rate and its impact on sediment budget along the wave-dominated Karnataka coast, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Ateeth Shetty, K S Jayappa
Abstract The Karnataka coast is subjected to high wave activity during the southwest monsoon when most of the sandy beaches undergo erosion. Based on the littoral cell concept, the Karnataka coast is broadly divided into 14 major littoral cells and 26 stations are selected in the present study. WaveWatch III global wave model data at 0.5° interval were used to derive the nearshore wave characteristics
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Comparison of the performance of HYBRID ETKF-3DVAR and 3DVAR data assimilation scheme on the forecast of tropical cyclones formed over the Bay of Bengal J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Govindan Kutty, Rekha Gogoi, V Rakesh, M Pateria
Abstract This study compares the performance of hybrid ensemble transform Kalman filter – three dimensional variational data assimilation (HYBRID) system and three dimensional variational (3DVAR) data assimilation system in Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) in simulating tropical cyclones (TC) formed over the Bay of Bengal. An Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) system updates the ensemble
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Spatial and temporal trends in high resolution gridded rainfall data over India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Grace Nengzouzam, Sanayanbi Hodam, Arnab Bandyopadhyay, Aditi Bhadra
Abstract A high resolution (0.25°×0.25°) daily gridded dataset was analysed to study the spatial and temporal trend in various regions of India during the period of 1901–2013. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) test has been applied to the time series (1901–2013) rainfall data in order to detect the trends for both rainfall depth and number of rainy days. Sen slope estimator test was also used to
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Observational study of a severe snowfall avalanche over a state in North India in November 2019 using GIS J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Mohammad Suhail Meer, Anoop Kumar Mishra
Abstract Heavy snowfall in the first week of November 2019 caused snow avalanche that resulted in huge loss in the form of lives and properties over Kashmir Valley in North India. About 17 people were killed including 11 soldiers by the snow avalanche resulting from heavy snowfall. Data from seven stations of India Meteorological Department (IMD) have been used to study the snowfall events. These stations
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Estimation of Coda Q for northeast India using nonlinear regression J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Pardeep Sangwan, Dinesh Kumar
Abstract Classical logarithmic linearization of the single backscattering model to estimate the coda Q (\( Q_{c} ) \) leads to biased results in the presence of low signal-to-noise ratio. Non-linear regression using the Levenberg–Marquardt (L–M) method has been proposed to estimate the \( Q_{c} \) in the frequency range of 3–24 Hz on local earthquakes recorded in northeast region of India. Results
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Analysis of spatio-temporal trend in groundwater elevation data from arsenic affected alluvial aquifers – Case study from Murshidabad district, West Bengal, Eastern India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Rhitwik Chatterjee, Swetadri Samadder, Debabrata Mondal, Kalyan Adhikari
Abstract Fluctuation in groundwater level is a time-dependent stochastic process. It is also a function of various inflow and outflow components to and from the hydrologic system concerned. Depth to water level data are measured through a network of observation wells or hydrograph stations to ascertain the degree of fluctuation in groundwater level at the desired scale, on a long-term basis. Basically
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Study of small-scale structures and their significance in unravelling the accretionary character of Singhbhum shear zone, Jharkhand, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Abhinaba Roy, Abdul Matin
Localized strain within tabular ductile shear zones is developed from micro- to meso- to even large scales to form complex structures. They grow in width and length through linkage of segments with progressive accumulation of strain and displacement, and finally produce shear zone networks characterized by anastomosing patterns. Singhbhum shear zone (SSZ) represents a large composite zone characterized
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Fine particulate pollution and ambient air quality: A case study over an urban site in Delhi, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Janhavi Singh, Priyanshu Gupta, Deepak Gupta, Sunita Verma, Divya Prakash, Swagata Payra
Abstract The current study discourses the impact of variation in PM2.5 concentration on the ambient air quality of Delhi. The 24-hourly PM2.5 concentration dataset was obtained from air quality measurement site (Anand Vihar) of Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) for the duration of April 2015 to December 2018. The annual and seasonal variability in the trend of ambient PM2.5 along with cumulative
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Provenance and palaeoenvironmental significance of microtextures in quartz and zircon grains from the Paseo del Mar and Bosque beaches, Gulf of Mexico J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Mayla A Ramos-Vázquez, John S Armstrong-Altrin
Abstract Microtextures of quartz and zircon grains from the Bosque and Paseo del Mar beaches in the Gulf of Mexico were examined using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), to infer their provenance and palaeoenvironment. A total of 16 microtextures from 200 grains were identified and were grouped into mechanical, chemical, and mechanical/chemical origin. Microtextures of mechanical origin represent
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Uncertainty in hydrological analysis using multi-GCM predictions and multi-parameters under RCP 2.6 and 8.5 scenarios in Manipur River basin, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-10-30 Vicky Anand, Bakimchandra Oinam, Bikash Ranjan Parida
Abstract Climate change is likely to have adverse impacts on hydrological processes in a river basin, by altered runoff due to modifications in land use/land cover (LULC) and catchment hydrology. Substantial uncertainty exists to evaluate impacts of climate change on river catchment due to uncertainty in general circulation model (GCM) projections. In this study, impact of climate change on water balance
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Spatial variability of ground water quality: a case study of Udupi district, Karnataka State, India J. Earth Syst. Sci. (IF 1.423) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 B V Deepika, C R Ramakrishnaiah, Sujay Raghavendra Naganna
Abstract Groundwater is a reliable source of fresh water for domestic and agricultural water users. It supports subsurface ecosystem by balancing the geo-biological and bio-geochemical processes at micro- and macro-scales of the ecosystem. Overexploitation, anthropogenic activities and improper agricultural practices have contributed to the pollution of groundwater sources all around the globe. The
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