MNRAS is retracting the following article

ABSTRACTDuring the final stages of a compact object merger, if at least one of the binary components is a magnetized neutron star (NS), then its orbital motion substantially expands the NS’s open magnetic flux – and hence increases its wind luminosity – relative to that of an isolated pulsar. As the binary orbit shrinks due to gravitational radiation, the power and speed of this binary-induced inspiral

ABSTRACTWe present an analysis of potential follow-up polarimetric microlensing observations to study the stellar atmospheres of distant stars. First, we produce synthetic microlensing events using the Galactic model, stellar population and interstellar dust toward the Galactic bulge. We simulate the polarization microlensing light curves and pass them through the instrument specifications of the FOcal

ABSTRACTWe investigate interaction effects in the stellar and gas kinematics, stellar population, and ionized gas properties of the interacting galaxy pair AM 1204−292,composed of NGC 4105 and NGC 4106. The data consist of long-slit spectra in the range 3000–7050 Å. The massive E3 galaxy NGC 4105 presents a flat stellar velocity profile, while the ionized gas is in strong rotation, suggesting an external

ABSTRACTUsing magnetohydrodynamic simulations of fluctuation dynamos, we perform broad-bandwidth synthetic observations to investigate the properties of polarized synchrotron emission and the role that Faraday rotation plays in inferring the polarized structures in the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters. In the saturated state of the dynamo, we find a Faraday depth (FD) dispersion σFD ≈ 100

errata, addendaGalaxy: discGalaxy: haloGalaxy: kinematics and dynamics

ABSTRACTAmong the potential milliHz gravitational wave (GW) sources for the upcoming space-based interferometer LISA are extreme- or intermediate-mass ratio inspirals (EMRI/IMRIs). These events involve the coalescence of supermassive black holes in the mass range 105M⊙ ≲ M ≲ 107M⊙ with companion BHs of much lower masses. A subset of E/IMRIs are expected to occur in the accretion discs of active galactic

ABSTRACTWe use six, high-resolution Λ-cold dark matter (ΛCDM) simulations of galaxy formation to study how emission from dark matter annihilation is affected by baryonic processes. These simulations produce isolated, disc-dominated galaxies with structure, stellar populations, and stellar and halo masses comparable to those of the Milky Way. They resolve dark matter structures with mass above ∼106

ABSTRACTThe recurring transient outbursts in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) provide us with strong test-beds for constraining the poorly understood accretion process. While impossible to image directly, phase-resolved spectroscopy can provide a powerful diagnostic to study their highly complex, time-dependent accretion discs. We present an 8-month long multiwavelength (UV, optical, X-ray) monitoring

ABSTRACTFast radio bursts are transient radio pulses of extragalactic origin. Their dispersion measure is indicative of the baryon content in the ionized intergalactic medium between the source and the observer. However, inference using unlocalized fast radio bursts is degenerate to the distribution of redshifts of host galaxies. We perform a joint inference of the intergalactic baryon content and

ABSTRACTWhite dwarf (WD) pollution is thought to arise from the tidal disruption of planetary bodies. The initial fragment stream is extremely eccentric, while observational evidence suggest that discs are circular or nearly so. Here, we propose a novel mechanism to bridge this gap and show that the fragments can rapidly circularize through dust or gas drag when they interact with a pre-existing compact

ABSTRACTThe effect of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback on the host galaxy, and its role in quenching or enhancing star formation, is still uncertain due to the fact that usual star formation rate (SFR) indicators – emission-line luminosities based on the assumption of photoionization by young stars – cannot be used for active galaxies as the ionizing source is the AGN. We thus investigate the

ABSTRACTWe conducted 3D hydrodynamical simulations to study the interaction of two late opposite jets with the ejecta of a core collapse supernova (CCSN), and study the bipolar structure that results from this interaction as the jets inflate hot-low-density bubbles. The newly born central object, a neutron star (NS; or a black hole), launches these jets at about 50 to 100 d after explosion. The bubbles

ABSTRACTWe present a simulation-based inference framework using a convolutional neural network to infer dynamical masses of galaxy clusters from their observed 3D projected phase-space distribution, which consists of the projected galaxy positions in the sky and their line-of-sight velocities. By formulating the mass estimation problem within this simulation-based inference framework, we are able to

ABSTRACTAdaptive optics (AO) systems require a calibration procedure to operate, whether in closed loop or even more importantly in forward control. This calibration usually takes the form of an interaction matrix and is a measure of the response on the wavefront sensor (WFS) to wavefront corrector stimulus. If this matrix is sufficiently well conditioned, it can be inverted to produce a control matrix

ABSTRACTSeveral recent studies reinforce the existence of a thick molecular disc in galaxies along with the dynamically cold thin disc. Assuming a two-component molecular disc, we model the disc of NGC 6946 as a four-component system consisting of stars, H i, thin disc molecular gas, and thick disc molecular gas in vertical hydrostatic equilibrium. Following, we set up the joint Poisson–Boltzmann equation

ABSTRACTWe present a near-infrared study of accretion and outflow activity in six Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs) using VLT/SINFONI spectroscopy and spectroimaging observations. The spectra show emission in several [Fe ii] and H2 lines associated with jet/outflow activity, and in the accretion diagnostics of Pa β and Br γ lines. The peak velocities of the [Fe ii] lines (>100 km s−1) are higher

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate the power of Gibbs point process models from the spatial statistics literature when applied to studies of resolved galaxies. We conduct a rigorous analysis of the spatial distributions of objects in the star formation complexes of M33, including giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and young stellar cluster candidates (YSCCs). We choose a hierarchical model structure from GMCs to YSCCs

ABSTRACTWe present a sample of 74 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from the Fermi-GBM catalogue for which we compute the distance moduli and use them to constrain effective dark energy models. To overcome the circularity problem affecting GRBs as distance indicators, we calibrate the Amati relation of our sample with a cosmology-independent technique. Specifically, we use the latest observational Hubble parameter

ABSTRACTWe present a realistic 2000 deg2 H α galaxy mock catalogue with 1 < z < 2 for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) galaxy redshift survey, the High Latitude Spectroscopic Survey (HLSS), created using Galacticus, a semi-analytical galaxy formation model, and high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations. Galaxy clustering can probe dark energy and test gravity via baryon acoustic

ABSTRACTLow-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are binary systems where one of the components is either a black hole or a neutron star and the other is a less massive star. It is challenging to unambiguously determine whether an LMXB hosts a black hole or a neutron star. In the last few decades, multiple observational works have tried, with different levels of success, to address this problem. In this paper

ABSTRACTA recent survey of the inner 0.35 × 0.35 pc of the NGC 2024 star-forming region revealed two distinct millimetre continuum disc populations that appear to be spatially segregated by the boundary of a dense cloud. The eastern (and more embedded) population is ∼0.2–0.5 Myr old, with an ALMA mm continuum disc detection rate of about $45\,$ per cent. However, this drops to only $\sim 15\,$ per cent

ABSTRACTStudying cool star magnetic activity gives an important insight into the stellar dynamo and its relationship with stellar properties, as well as allowing us to place the Sun’s magnetism in the context of other stars. Only 61 Cyg A (K5V) and τ Boo (F8V) are currently known to have magnetic cycles like the Sun’s, where the large-scale magnetic field polarity reverses in phase with the star’s

ABSTRACTThe recent observations show that comet C/2016 R2 (Pan-Starrs) has a unique and peculiar composition when compared with several other comets observed at 2.8 au heliocentric distance. Assuming solar resonance fluorescence is the only excitation source, the observed ionic emission intensity ratios are used to constrain the corresponding neutral abundances in this comet. We developed a physico-chemical

ABSTRACTWe present $\mathcal {O}(N^2)$ estimators for the small-scale power spectrum and bispectrum in cosmological simulations. In combination with traditional methods, these allow spectra to be efficiently computed across a vast range of scales, requiring orders of magnitude less computation time than Fast Fourier Transform based approaches alone. These methods are applicable to any tracer; simulation

ABSTRACTThe accurately measured ages of 89 large impact craters and layers were compared with the boundary dates for periods, epochs, and ages of the geological time-scale by a weighted least-squares fit. They are highly correlated with a χ2/f = 0.63. A Monte Carlo simulation of randomly chosen crater ages gives a >99.8 per cent probability that this result is not random. No craters are found in the

ABSTRACTLeo I is considered one of the youngest dwarf spheroidals (dSph) in the Local Group. Its isolation, extended star formation history (SFH), and recent perigalacticon passage (∼1 Gyr ago) make Leo I one of the most interesting nearby stellar systems. Here, we analyse deep photometric Hubble Space Telescope data via colour–magnitude diagram fitting techniques to study its global and radially resolved

ABSTRACTWe have used ALMA and NOEMA to study the molecular gas reservoirs in 61 ALMA-identified submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the COSMOS, UDS, and ECDFS fields. We detect 12CO ($J_{\rm up} =$ 2–5) emission lines in 50 sources, and [C i](3P1 − 3P0) emission in eight, at $z =$ 1.2–4.8 and with a median redshift of 2.9 ± 0.2. By supplementing our data with literature sources, we construct a statistical

ABSTRACTRecent observations have revealed that most proto-planetary discs show a pattern of bright rings and dark gaps. However, most of the high-resolution observations have focused only on the continuum emission. In this paper, we present high-resolution ALMA band 7 (0.89 mm) observations of the disc around the star CI Tau in the 12CO & 13CO J = 3–2 and CS J = 7–6 emission lines. Our recent work

ABSTRACTWe explore the galaxy–galaxy merger rate with the empirical model for galaxy formation, emerge. On average, we find that between 2 per cent and 20 per cent of massive galaxies (log10(m*/M⊙) ≥ 10.3) will experience a major merger per Gyr. Our model predicts galaxy merger rates that do not scale as a power law with redshift when selected by descendant stellar mass, and exhibit a clear stellar

ABSTRACTWe present joint Suzaku and Chandra observations of MKW4. With a global temperature of 1.6 keV, MKW4 is one of the smallest galaxy groups that have been mapped in X-rays out to the virial radius. We measure its gas properties from its centre to the virial radius in the north, east, and north-east directions. Its entropy profile follows a power law of ∝r1.1 between R500 and R200 in all directions

ABSTRACTTo understand the cosmic accretion history of supermassive black holes, separating the radiation from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) is critical. However, a reliable solution on photometrically recognizing AGNs still remains unsolved. In this work, we present a novel AGN recognition method based on Deep Neural Network (Neural Net; NN). The main goals of this

ABSTRACTWe search for possible deviations from the expectations of the concordance ΛCDM model in the expansion history of the Universe by analysing the Pantheon Type Ia Supernovae (SnIa) compilation along with its Monte Carlo simulations using redshift binning. We demonstrate that the redshift binned best-fitting ΛCDM matter density parameter Ω0m and the best-fitting effective absolute magnitude $\cal

ABSTRACTWe present uniformly reprocessed and re-calibrated data from the RoboPol programme of optopolarimetric monitoring of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), covering observations between 2013, when the instrument was commissioned, and 2017. In total, the data set presented in this paper includes 5068 observations of 222 AGN with Dec. > −25○. We describe the current version of the RoboPol pipeline that

ABSTRACTThe study of radiation emitted from black hole (BH) accretion discs represents a crucial way to understand the main physical properties of these sources, and in particular the BH spin. Beside spectral analysis, polarimetry is becoming more and more important, motivated by the development of new techniques which will soon allow to perform measurements also in the X- and γ-rays. Photons emitted

ABSTRACTSpectroscopic observations of white dwarfs reveal that many of them are polluted by exoplanetary material, whose bulk composition can be uniquely probed this way. We present a spectroscopic and photometric analysis of the DA white dwarf WDJ181417.84−735459.83, an object originally identified to have a strong infrared (IR) excess in the 2MASS and WISE catalogues that we confirmed to be intrinsic

ABSTRACTThe temporal behaviour of X-rays from some AGNs and microquasars is thought to arise from the rapid collapse of the hot, inner parts of their accretion discs. The collapse can occur over the radial infall time-scale of the inner accretion disc. However, estimates of this time-scale are hindered by a lack of knowledge of the operative viscosity in the collisionless plasma comprising the inner

ABSTRACTWe apply the Tapered Gridded Estimator for estimating the cosmological 21-cm power spectrum from $150\hbox{-}{\rm MHz}$ GMRT observations, which corresponds to the neutral hydrogen (H i) at redshift z = 8.28. Here, TGE is used to measure the multifrequency angular power spectrum (MAPS) Cℓ(Δν) first, from which we estimate the 21-cm power spectrum P(k⊥, k∥). The data here are much too small

ABSTRACTWe report results of the dust reverberation mapping (DRM) on the Seyfert 1 galaxy Z229–15 at z = 0.0273. Quasi-simultaneous photometric observations for a total of 48 epochs were acquired during the period 2017 July to 2018 December in B, V, J, H and Ks bands. The calculated spectral index (α) between B and V bands for each epoch was used to correct for the accretion disc (AD) component present

ABSTRACTWe report the emission variations in PSR J1047−6709 observed at 1369 MHz using the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. This pulsar shows two distinct emission states: a weak state and a bright emission state. We detected giant pulses (GPs) in the bright state for the first time. We found 75 GPs with pulse width ranging from 0.6 to 2.6 ms. The energy of GPs follows a power-law distribution with the

ABSTRACTPrimordial black holes may encode the conditions of the early Universe, and may even constitute a significant fraction of cosmological dark matter. Their existence has yet to be established. However, black holes with masses below ${\sim}{1}{\, \mathrm{M}_\odot }$ cannot form as an endpoint of stellar evolution, so the detection of even one such object would be a smoking gun for new physics

ABSTRACTThe unshielded nature of gravity means that stellar systems are inherently inhomogeneous. As a result, stars do not move in straight lines. This obvious fact severely complicates the kinetic theory of stellar systems because position and velocity turn out to be poor coordinates with which to describe stellar orbits – instead, one must use angle-action variables. Moreover, the slow relaxation

ABSTRACTThe study of the intensity fluctuation power spectrum of individual supernova remnants (SNRs) can reveal the structures present at sub-pc scales, and also constrain the physical process that generates those structures. There are various effects, such as the remnant shell thickness, projection of a three-dimensional structure on to a two-dimensional observational plane, and the presence of diffuse

ABSTRACTIn this work, we explore the application of intensity mapping to detect extended Ly α emission from the IGM via cross-correlation of PAUS images with Ly α forest data from eBOSS and DESI. Seven narrow-band (FWHM = 13 nm) PAUS filters have been considered, ranging from 455 to 515 nm in steps of 10 nm, which allows the observation of Ly α emission in a range 2.7 < z < 3.3. The cross-correlation

ABSTRACTWe investigate how H ii region temperature structure assumptions affect ‘direct-method’ spatially resolved metallicity observations using multispecies auroral lines in a galaxy from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. SAMI609396B, at redshift z = 0.018, is a low-mass galaxy in a minor merger with intense star formation, analogous to conditions at high redshifts. We use three methods to derive direct metallicities

ABSTRACTWhen modelling strong gravitational lenses, i.e. where there are multiple images of the same source, the most widely used parametrization for the mass profile in the lens galaxy is the singular power-law model ρ(r)∝r−γ. This model may be insufficiently flexible for very accurate work, for example, measuring the Hubble constant based on time delays between multiple images. Here, we derive the

ABSTRACTWe present measurements of the redshift-dependent clustering of a DESI-like luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample selected from the Legacy Survey imaging data set, and use the halo occupation distribution (HOD) framework to fit the clustering signal. The photometric LRG sample in this study contains 2.7 million objects over the redshift range of 0.4 < z < 0.9 over 5655 deg2. We have developed new

ABSTRACTMEGARA is an optical integral field and multi-object fibre-based spectrograph for the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio CANARIAS that offers medium-to-high spectral resolutions (FWHM) of R ≃ 6000, 12 000, 20 000. Commissioned at the telescope in 2017, it started operation as a common-user instrument in 2018. We are creating an instrument-oriented empirical spectral library from MEGARA-GTC stars observations

ABSTRACTThis paper uses statistical and N-body methods to explore a new mechanism to form binary stars with extremely large separations (${\gtrsim}0.1\, {\rm pc}$), whose origin is poorly understood. Here, ultra-wide binaries arise via chance entrapment of unrelated stars in tidal streams of disrupting clusters. It is shown that (i) the formation of ultra-wide binaries is not limited to the lifetime

ABSTRACTWe present the photometric properties of galaxies in the First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES). The simulations trace the evolution of galaxies in a range of overdensities through the epoch of reionization. With a novel weighting scheme, we combine these overdensities, extending significantly the dynamic range of observed composite distribution functions compared to periodic

ABSTRACTWe study the effects of cosmic rays (CRs) on outflows from star-forming galaxies in the circum and intergalactic medium (CGM/IGM), in high-resolution, fully cosmological FIRE-2 simulations (accounting for mechanical and radiative stellar feedback, magnetic fields, anisotropic conduction/viscosity/CR diffusion and streaming, and CR losses). We showed previously that massive ($M_{\rm halo}\gtrsim

ABSTRACTCosmic rays (CRs) with ∼GeV energies can contribute significantly to the energy and pressure budget in the interstellar, circumgalactic, and intergalactic medium (ISM, CGM, IGM). Recent cosmological simulations have begun to explore these effects, but almost all studies have been restricted to simplified models with constant CR diffusivity and/or streaming speeds. Physical models of CR propagation/scattering

ABSTRACTWe present the results of numerically solving the rate equations for the first 31 rotational states of CS in the ground vibrational state to determine the conditions under which the J = 1 − 0, J = 2 − 1, and J = 3 − 2 transitions are inverted to produce maser emission. The essence of our results is that the CS($\upsilon \!=\!0$) masers are collisionally pumped and that, depending on the spectral

ABSTRACTSubdwarf B stars are core-helium-burning stars located on the extreme horizontal branch (EHB). Extensive mass loss on the red giant branch is necessary to form them. It has been proposed that substellar companions could lead to the required mass loss when they are engulfed in the envelope of the red giant star. J08205+0008 was the first example of a hot subdwarf star with a close, substellar

ABSTRACTPHANGS-HST is an ultraviolet-optical imaging survey of 38 spiral galaxies within ∼20 Mpc. Combined with the PHANGS-ALMA, PHANGS-MUSE surveys and other multiwavelength data, the data set will provide an unprecedented look into the connections between young stars, H ii regions, and cold molecular gas in these nearby star-forming galaxies. Accurate distances are needed to transform measured observables

ABSTRACTfink is a broker designed to enable science with large time-domain alert streams such as the one from the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). It exhibits traditional astronomy broker features such as automatized ingestion, annotation, selection, and redistribution of promising alerts for transient science. It is also designed to go beyond traditional broker

ABSTRACTUpcoming million-star spectroscopic surveys have the potential to revolutionize our view of the formation and chemical evolution of the Milky Way. Realizing this potential requires automated approaches to optimize estimates of stellar properties, such as chemical element abundances, from the spectra. The sheer volume and quality of the observations strongly motivate that these approaches should

ABSTRACTDeep spectroscopy of galaxies in the reionization era has revealed intense C iii] and C iv line emission (equivalent width, EW >15–20 Å). In order to interpret the nebular emission emerging at z > 6, we have begun targeting rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission lines in galaxies with large specific star formation rates (sSFRs) at 1.3 < z < 3.7. We find that C iii] reaches the EWs seen at z >

We consider the nonlinear ion acoustic wave induced by orbiting charged space debris objects in the plasma environment generated at the Low Earth Orbital (LEO) region. The generated nonlinear ion acoustic wave is shown to be governed by a forced Korteweg-de Vries (fKdV) equation with the forcing function dependent on the charged space debris function. For a specific relationship between the forcing

We study the effect of the Bumblebee deviation parameter \(l\) on galactic scale by means of Relative Time Delay (RTD) caused by frame dragging effect. While weak field solar system tests have been fairly accurately measured leading to an exceedingly tiny upper limit \(l\leq10^{-13}\), measurements on the large astrophysical scale are yet unavailable, so we decided to keep \(l\) neither too tiny nor