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The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for Gravitational Wave Memory Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Gabriella Agazie, Zaven Arzoumanian, Paul T. Baker, Bence Bécsy, Laura Blecha, Harsha Blumer, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Megan E. DeCesar, Dallas DeGan, Paul B. Demorest, Timothy Dolch, Brendan Drachler,
We present the results of a Bayesian search for gravitational wave (GW) memory in the NANOGrav 12.5 yr data set. We find no convincing evidence for any gravitational wave memory signals in this data set. We find a Bayes factor of 2.8 in favor of a model that includes a memory signal and common spatially uncorrelated red noise (CURN) compared to a model including only a CURN. However, further investigation
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Discovery of Astrometric Accelerations by Dark Companions in the Globular Cluster ω Centauri Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Imants Platais, Johannes Sahlmann, Léo Girardi, Vera Kozhurina-Platais, Sebastian Kamann, Dimitri Pourbaix, Florence Wragg, Gerard Lemson, Arik Mitschang
We present results from the search for astrometric accelerations of stars in ω Centauri using 13 yr of regularly scheduled Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS calibration observations in the cluster core. The high-precision astrometry of ∼160,000 sources was searched for significant deviations from linear proper motion. This led to the discovery of four cluster members and one foreground field star with
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Thermal Effects of Ambipolar Diffusion during the Gravitational Collapse of a Radiative Cooling Filament Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Mahmoud Gholipour
In this study, we consider the effects of ambipolar diffusion during the gravitational collapse of a radiative cooling filamentary molecular cloud. Two separate configurations of magnetic field, i.e., axial and toroidal, are considered in the presence of the ambipolar diffusion for a radiative cooling filament. These configurations lead to two different formulations of the problem. The filament is
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Prospects for Probing the Interaction between Dark Energy and Dark Matter Using Gravitational-wave Dark Sirens with Neutron Star Tidal Deformation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Tian-Nuo Li, Shang-Jie Jin, Hai-Li Li, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin Zhang
Gravitational wave (GW) standard siren observations provide a rather useful tool to explore the evolution of the Universe. In this work, we wish to investigate whether dark sirens with neutron star (NS) deformation from third-generation GW detectors could help probe the interaction between dark energy and dark matter. We simulate the GW dark sirens of four detection strategies based on 3 yr observation
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Surveying the Giant H ii Regions of the Milky Way with SOFIA. VI. NGC 3603 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 James M. De Buizer, Wanggi Lim, Nicole Karnath, James T. Radomski
We present our sixth set of results from our mid-infrared imaging survey of Milky Way Giant H ii regions with our detailed analysis of NGC 3603, the most luminous giant H ii (GH ii) region in the Galaxy. We used imaging data from the FORCAST instrument on the Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) at 20 and 37 μm, which mapped the central ∼8.′5 × 8.′5 infrared-emitting area of NGC
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The Near-infrared Extinction Law at High and Low Galactic Latitudes Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Robert E. Butler, Samir Salim
The Milky Way dust extinction curve in the near-infrared (NIR) follows a power-law form, but the value of the slope, β NIR, is debated. Systematic variations in the slope of the Milky Way UV extinction curve are known to be correlated with variations in the optical slope (through R V ), but whether such a dependence extends to the NIR is unclear. Finally, because of low dust column densities, the NIR
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PROVABGS: The Probabilistic Stellar Mass Function of the BGS One-percent Survey Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 ChangHoon Hahn, Jessica Nicole Aguilar, Shadab Alam, Steven Ahlen, David Brooks, Shaun Cole, Axel de la Macorra, Peter Doel, Andreu A. Font-Ribera, Jaime E. Forero-Romero, Satya Gontcho A Gontcho, Klaus Honscheid, Song Huang, Theodore Kisner, Anthony Kremin, Martin Landriau, Marc Manera, Aaron Meisner, Ramon Miquel, John Moustakas, Jundan Nie, Claire Poppett, Graziano Rossi, Amélie Saintonge, Eusebio
We present the probabilistic stellar mass function (pSMF) of galaxies in the DESI Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS), observed during the One-percent Survey. The One-percent Survey was one of DESI’s survey validation programs conducted from 2021 April to May, before the start of the main survey. It used the same target selection and similar observing strategy as the main survey and successfully observed the
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Galaxies Going Bananas: Inferring the 3D Geometry of High-redshift Galaxies with JWST-CEERS Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Viraj Pandya, Haowen Zhang, Marc Huertas-Company, Kartheik G. Iyer, Elizabeth McGrath, Guillermo Barro, Steven L. Finkelstein, Martin Kümmel, William G. Hartley, Henry C. Ferguson, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Joel Primack, Avishai Dekel, Sandra M. Faber, David C. Koo, Greg L. Bryan, Rachel S. Somerville, Ricardo O. Amorín, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Micaela B. Bagley, Eric F. Bell, Emmanuel Bertin, Luca Costantin
The 3D geometries of high-redshift galaxies remain poorly understood. We build a differentiable Bayesian model and use Hamiltonian Monte Carlo to efficiently and robustly infer the 3D shapes of star-forming galaxies in James Webb Space Telescope Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science observations with logM*/M⊙=9.0–10.5 at z = 0.5–8.0. We reproduce previous results from the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic
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The Magellan M2FS Spectroscopic Survey of High-redshift Galaxies: The Brightest Lyman-break Galaxies at z ∼ 6 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Shuqi Fu, Linhua Jiang, Yuanhang Ning, Weiyang Liu, Zhiwei Pan
We present a study of a sample of 45 spectroscopically confirmed, UV luminous galaxies at z ∼ 6. They were selected as bright Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) using deep multiband optical images in more than 2 deg2 of the sky, and subsequently identified via their strong Lyα emission. The majority of these LBGs span an absolute UV magnitude range from −22.0 to −20.5 mag with Lyα equivalent width (EW) between
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Radial Distribution of Electron Quasi-thermal Noise in the Outer Heliosphere Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yi-Lun Li, Ling Chen, Jin Wu De
Voyager 1 and 2 are only the two spacecraft that have arrived and passed through the heliospheric boundaries. Based on the plasma data from the Voyager 2 spacecraft, the electron quasi-thermal noise (QTN) is investigated by using of the electron population model consisting of a core with Maxwellian distribution and a halo with kappa distribution. The power spectra of the electron QTN is calculated
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The Remarkable Predictive Power of Infrared Data of Blazars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 P. Giommi, N. Sahakyan, D. Israyelyan, M. Manvelyan
Blazars are the brightest and most abundant persistent sources in the extragalactic γ-ray sky. Due to their significance, they are often observed across various energy bands, where the data of which can be used to explore potential correlations between emission at different energies, yielding valuable insights into the emission processes of their powerful jets. In this study we utilized IR data at
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COOL-LAMPS. VI. Lens Model and New Constraints on the Properties of COOL J1241+2219, a Bright z = 5 Lyman Break Galaxy and its z = 1 Cluster Lens Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Maxwell Klein, Keren Sharon, Kate Napier, Michael D. Gladders, Gourav Khullar, Matthew Bayliss, Håkon Dahle, M. Riley Owens, Antony Stark, Sasha Brownsberger, Keunho J. Kim, Nicole Kuchta, Guillaume Mahler, Grace Smith, Ryan Walker, Katya Gozman, Michael N. Martinez, Owen S. Matthews Acuña, Kaiya Merz, Jorge A. Sanchez, Daniel J. Kavin Stein, Ezra O. Sukay, Kiyan Tavangar
We present a strong lensing analysis of COOL J1241+2219, the brightest known gravitationally lensed galaxy at z ≥ 5, based on new multiband Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data. The lensed galaxy has a redshift of z = 5.043, placing it shortly after the end of the “Epoch of Reionization,” and an AB magnitude z AB = 20.47 mag (Khullar et al.). As such, it serves as a touchstone for future research
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Simple Model for Temporal Variations of Hα Spectrum by an Eruptive Filament from a Superflare on a Solar-type Star Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Kai Ikuta, Kazunari Shibata
Flares are intense explosions on the solar and stellar surfaces, and solar flares are sometimes accompanied by filament or prominence eruptions. Recently, a large filament eruption associated with a superflare on a solar-type star EK Dra was discovered for the first time. The absorption of the Hα spectrum initially exhibited a blueshift with the velocity of 510 km s−1, and decelerated in time probably
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Dust around Massive Stars Is Agnostic to Galactic Environment: New Insights from PHAT/BEAST Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Christina Willecke Lindberg, Claire E. Murray, Julianne J. Dalcanton, J. E. G. Peek, Karl D. Gordon
Resolving the environments of massive stars is crucial for understanding their formation mechanisms and their impact on galaxy evolution. An important open question is whether massive stars found in diffuse regions outside spiral arms formed in situ or migrated there after forming in denser environments. To address this question, we use multiresolution measurements of extinction in the Andromeda galaxy
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Very High-energy (>50 GeV) Gamma-Ray Flux Variability of Bright Fermi Blazars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Vaidehi S. Paliya
Understanding the high-energy emission processes and variability patterns are two of the most challenging research problems associated with relativistic jets. In particular, the long-term (months to years) flux variability at very high energies (VHE >50 GeV) has remained an unexplored domain so far. This is possibly due to the decreased sensitivity of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) above a few
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A Transition Discovered in the Subcritical Regime of 1A 0535+262 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Hua Xiao, Long Ji
We present NICER observations of the accreting X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262 during its faint state (≲6 × 1036 erg s−1), observed in several type I and type II outbursts. We discovered a transition of temporal and spectral properties around the luminosity L t = 3.3 × 1035 erg s−1, below which spectra are relatively soft and the pulse profiles have only a narrow peak. The spectra are harder and a secondary
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Cosmic Reionization on Computers: Statistics, Physical Properties, and Environments of Lyman Limit Systems at z ∼ 6 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Jiawen Fan, Hanjue Zhu, Camille Avestruz, Nickolay Y. Gnedin
Lyman limit systems (LLSs) are dense hydrogen clouds with high enough H i column densities to absorb Lyman continuum photons emitted from distant quasars. Their high column densities imply an origin in dense environments; however, the statistics and distribution of LLSs at high redshifts still remain uncertain. In this paper, we use self-consistent radiative transfer cosmological simulations from the
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An Excess of Active Galactic Nuclei Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in MaNGA Galaxies of Stellar Mass ∼1011 M ⊙ Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Julia M. Comerford, Rebecca Nevin, James Negus, R. Scott Barrows, Michael Eracleous, Francisco Müller-Sánchez, Namrata Roy, Aaron Stemo, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Dominika Wylezalek
To facilitate new studies of galaxy-merger-driven fueling of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we present a catalog of 387 AGNs that we have identified in the final population of over 10,000 z < 0.15 galaxies observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV (SDSS-IV) integral field spectroscopy survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA). We selected the AGNs via mid-infrared Wide-field
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A Massive Quiescent Galaxy in a Group Environment at z = 4.53 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Takumi Kakimoto, Masayuki Tanaka, Masato Onodera, Rhythm Shimakawa, Po-Feng Wu, Katriona M. L. Gould, Kei Ito, Shuowen Jin, Mariko Kubo, Tomoko L. Suzuki, Sune Toft, Francesco Valentino, Kiyoto Yabe
We report on the spectroscopic confirmation of a massive quiescent galaxy at z spec = 4.53 in the COSMOS field. The object was first identified as a galaxy with suppressed star formation at z phot ∼ 4.65 from the COSMOS2020 catalog. The follow-up spectroscopy with Keck/MOSFIRE in the K band reveals faint [O ii] emission and the Balmer break, indicative of evolved stellar populations. We fit the spectral
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On the Possibility of an Upper Limit on Magnetically Induced Radius Inflation in Low-mass Stars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 J. MacDonald, D. J. Mullan
The radii of low-mass stars are observed to be inflated above standard model predictions, especially in magnetically active stars. Typically, the empirical relative radius inflations ΔR/R are ≤10% but in (rare) cases may be ≥20%. Our magneto-convective stellar models have already replicated many empirical ΔR/R values. Here, we ask: is there any theoretical upper limit on the amount of such inflation
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Deconstructing Photospheric Spectral Lines in Solar and Stellar Flares Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Aaron J. Monson, Mihalis Mathioudakis, Adam F. Kowalski
During solar flares, spectral lines formed in the photosphere have been shown to exhibit changes to their profiles despite the challenges of energy transfer to these depths. Recent work has shown that deep-forming spectral lines are subject to significant contributions from regions above the photosphere throughout the flaring period, resulting in a composite emergent intensity profile from multiple
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Tidal Migration of Exoplanets around M Dwarfs: Frequency-dependent Tidal Dissipation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Samantha C. Wu, Janosz W. Dewberry, Jim Fuller
The orbital architectures of short-period exoplanet systems are shaped by tidal dissipation in their host stars. For low-mass M dwarfs whose dynamical tidal response comprises a dense spectrum of inertial modes at low frequencies, resolving the frequency dependence of tidal dissipation is crucial to capturing the effect of tides on planetary orbits throughout the evolutionary stages of the host star
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Zero Metallicity with Zero CPU Hours: Masses of the First Stars on the Laptop Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 James Gurian, Donghui Jeong, Boyuan Liu
We develop an analytic model for the mass of the first stars forming in the centers of primordial gas clouds as a function of host halo mass, redshift, and degree of rotation. The model is based on the estimation of key timescales determining the following three processes: the collapse of the gas cloud, the accretion onto the protostellar core, and the radiative feedback of the protostellar core. The
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Detection of Asymmetry in the Narrow Fe Kα Emission Line in MCG-5-23-16 with Chandra Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Victor Liu, Abderahmen Zoghbi, Jon M. Miller
Iron Kα (Fe Kα) emission is observed ubiquitously in active galactic nuclei (AGN), and it is a powerful probe of their circumnuclear environment. Examinations of the emission line play a pivotal role in understanding the disk geometry surrounding black holes. It has been suggested that the torus and the broad-line region (BLR) are the origins of emission. However, there is no universal location for
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Clouds and Seasonality on Terrestrial Planets with Varying Rotation Rates Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Daniel A. Williams, Xuan Ji, Paul Corlies, Juan M. Lora
Using an idealized climate model incorporating seasonal forcing, we investigate the impact of rotation rate on the abundance of clouds on an Earth-like aquaplanet, and the resulting impacts upon albedo and seasonality. We show that the cloud distribution varies significantly with season, depending strongly on the rotation rate, and is well explained by the large-scale circulation and atmospheric state
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Chondrule Survivability in the Solar Nebula Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Tetsuo Taki, Shigeru Wakita
The lifetime of millimeter-sized dust grains, such as chondrules, in the nominal solar nebula model is limited to ∼105 yr, due to an inward drift driven by gas drag. However, isotopic and petrological studies of primitive meteorites indicate a discrepancy of ≳106 yr between the formation time of chondrules and that of chondritic parent bodies. Therefore, chondrules should survive for ≳106 yr in the
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Influence of Ionization on the Polytropic Index of the Solar Atmosphere within Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium Approximation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Albert M. Varonov, Todor M. Mishonov
An initial theoretical attempt to explain the observed decrease of the polytropic/adiabatic index γ in the solar corona has been accomplished. The chemical reactions of the ionization–recombination processes in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) of a solar plasma cocktail containing heavy elements are found to cause 1.1 < γ ≤ 5/3 in the quiet solar atmosphere. It is also shown that the quiet solar
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Dwarf–Dwarf Interactions Can Both Trigger and Quench Star Formation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Erin Kado-Fong, Azia Robinson, Kristina Nyland, Jenny E. Greene, Katherine A. Suess, Sabrina Stierwalt, Rachael Beaton
It is exceedingly rare to find quiescent low-mass galaxies in the field at low redshift. UGC 5205 is an example of such a quenched field dwarf (M ⋆ ∼ 3 × 108 M ⊙). Despite a wealth of cold gas (M HI ∼ 3.5 × 108 M ⊙) and UV emission that indicates significant star formation in the past few hundred megayears, there is no detection of Hα emission—star formation in the last ∼10 Myr—across the face of the
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Global Chemical Transport on Hot Jupiters: Insights from the 2D VULCAN Photochemical Model Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Shang-Min Tsai, Vivien Parmentier, João M. Mendonça, Xianyu Tan, Russell Deitrick, Mark Hammond, Arjun B. Savel, Xi Zhang, Raymond T. Pierrehumbert, Edward W. Schwieterman
The atmospheric dynamics of tidally locked hot Jupiters is characterized by strong equatorial winds. Understanding the interaction between global circulation and chemistry is crucial in atmospheric studies and interpreting observations. Two-dimensional (2D) photochemical transport models shed light on how the atmospheric composition depends on circulation. In this paper, we introduce the 2D photochemical
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The Hunt for Perpendicular Magnetic Field Measurements in Plasma Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Elizabeth A. Jensen, Yaser Rahmani, Jamesina J. Simpson
The one consistent technique for remotely estimating the magnetic field in plasma has been Faraday rotation. It is only sensitive to the portion of the vector parallel to the propagation path. We show how to remotely detect the portion of the vector that is perpendicular using a modified measurement. Isolating this electromagnetic propagation wave mode to measure the magnetic field enables us to (i)
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The Optically Thick Rotating Magnetic Wind from a Massive White Dwarf Merger Product. II. Axisymmetric Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yici Zhong, Kazumi Kashiyama, Shinsuke Takasao, Toshikazu Shigeyama, Kotaro Fujisawa
We numerically construct a series of axisymmetric rotating magnetic wind solutions, aiming at exploring the observation properties of massive white dwarf (WD) merger remnants with a strong magnetic field, a fast spin, and an intense mass loss, as inferred for WD J005311. We investigate the magnetospheric structure and the resultant spin-down torque exerted to the merger remnant with respect to the
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A Large Jet Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy: Observations from Parsec to 100 kpc Scales Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Sina Chen, Preeti Kharb, Silpa Sasikumar, Sumana Nandi, Marco Berton, Emilia Järvelä, Ari Laor, Ehud Behar, Luigi Foschini, Amelia Vietri, Minfeng Gu, Giovanni La Mura, Luca Crepaldi, Minhua Zhou
We present new 1.5–8.5 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations and 0.32–1.26 GHz Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of J0354−1340, which is the only known radio-quiet (RQ) or radio-intermediate (RI) narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy with a 100 kpc, two-sided radio jet. A parsec-scale, one-sided jet in the southeastern direction from the core emission is found in the VLBA observations
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Photoionization of Nitrile-substituted Naphthalene and Benzene: Cation Spectroscopy, Photostability, and Implications for Photoelectric Gas Heating Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Madhusree Roy Chowdhury, Gustavo A. Garcia, Helgi R. Hrodmarsson, Jean-Christophe Loison, Laurent Nahon
We investigate the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodynamics of gas phase 1- and 2-cyanonaphthalene and cyanobenzene, recently detected in the Taurus molecular cloud, by combining synchrotron radiation and a double imaging electron/ion coincidence setup. The high-resolution threshold photoelectron spectra (TPES) of all three molecules are obtained experimentally from which the adiabatic ionization energies
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Response of Global Ionospheric Currents to Solar Flares with Extreme Ultraviolet Late Phases Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Xuanqing Liu, Xingyan Fan, Jing Liu, Xiangliang Kong, Yao Chen, Qiaoling Li, Shuhan Li, Jiajun Zheng
It is known that solar flares can affect the current system of the middle- and low-latitude ionosphere. Most earlier studies have focused on such effects during their impulsive phases. Recent studies have reported flares with a significant extreme ultraviolet (EUV) late phase, the effects of which on ionospheric currents have not yet been investigated. Here, we examine the solar quiet (Sq) currents
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Earth as an Exoplanet. III. Using Empirical Thermal Emission Spectra as an Input for Atmospheric Retrieval of an Earth-twin Exoplanet Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Jean-Noël Mettler, Björn S. Konrad, Sascha P. Quanz, Ravit Helled
In this study, we treat Earth as an exoplanet and investigate our home planet by means of a potential future mid-infrared space mission called the Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). We combine thermal spectra from an empirical data set of disk-integrated Earth observations with a noise model for LIFE to create mock observations. We apply a state-of-the-art atmospheric retrieval framework to
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Measuring the Virial Factor in SDSS DR7 Active Galactic Nuclei with Redshifted Hβ and Hα Broad Emission Lines Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 H. T. Liu, Hai-Cheng Feng, Sha-Sha Li, J. M. Bai, H. Z. Li
Under the hypothesis of gravitational redshift induced by the central supermassive black hole and based on line widths and shifts of redward-shifted Hβ and Hα broad emission lines for more than 8000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR7 active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we measure the virial factor in determining supermassive black hole masses. The virial factor had been believed to be independent of accretion
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Probing the Anisotropy and Non-Gaussianity in the Redshift Space through the Conditional Moments of the First Derivative Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 M. H. Jalali Kanafi, S. M. S. Movahed
Focusing on the redshift space observations with plane-parallel approximation and relying on the rotational dependency of the general definition of excursion sets, we introduce the so-called conditional moments of the first derivative (cmd) measures for the smoothed matter density field in three dimensions. We derive the perturbative expansion of cmd for the real space and redshift space where peculiar
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EIGER IV. The Cool 104 K Circumgalactic Environment of High-redshift Galaxies Reveals Remarkably Efficient Intergalactic Medium Enrichment Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Rongmon Bordoloi, Robert A. Simcoe, Jorryt Matthee, Daichi Kashino, Ruari Mackenzie, Simon J. Lilly, Anna-Christina Eilers, Bin Liu, David DePalma, Minghao Yue, Rohan P. Naidu
We report new observations of the cool diffuse gas around 29, 2.3 < z < 6.3 galaxies using deep JWST/NIRCam slitless grism spectroscopy around the sight line to the quasar J0100+2802. The galaxies span a stellar mass range of 7.1≤logM∗/M⊙≤10.7 , and star formation rates (SFRs) of −0.1 9. The Mg ii absorption kinematics are shifted from the systemic redshifts of host galaxies with a median absolute
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The Emergence of a Brightest Cluster Galaxy in a Protocluster Core at z = 2.24 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Dong Dong Shi, Xin Wang, Xian Zhong Zheng, Zheng Cai, Xiaohui Fan, Fuyan Bian, Harry I. Teplitz
We report the detection of a pair of massive quiescent galaxies likely in the process of merging at the center of the spectroscopically confirmed, extremely massive protocluster BOSS1244 at z = 2.24 ± 0.02. These galaxies, BOSS1244-QG1 and BOSS1244-QG2, were detected with Hubble Space Telescope grism slitless spectroscopic observations. These two quiescent galaxies are among the brightest member galaxies
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Measuring the Mass–Radius Relation of White Dwarfs Using Wide Binaries Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Stefan Arseneau, Vedant Chandra, Hsiang-Chih Hwang, Nadia L. Zakamska, Gautham Adamane Pallathadka, Nicole R. Crumpler, J. J. Hermes, Kareem El-Badry, Hans-Walter Rix, Keivan G. Stassun, Boris T. Gänsicke, Joel R. Brownstein, Sean Morrison
Measuring the mass–radius relation of individual white dwarfs is an empirically challenging task that has been performed for only a few dozen stars. We measure the white dwarf mass–radius relation using the gravitational redshifts and radii of 135 white dwarfs in wide binaries with main-sequence companions. We obtain the radial velocities of these systems using the main-sequence companion, and subtract
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A Detection of Cosmological 21 cm Emission from CHIME in Cross-correlation with eBOSS Measurements of the Lyα Forest Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Mandana Amiri, Kevin Bandura, Arnab Chakraborty, Matt Dobbs, Mateus Fandino, Simon Foreman, Hyoyin Gan, Mark Halpern, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Carolin Höfer, T. L. Landecker, Zack Li, Joshua MacEachern, Kiyoshi Masui, Juan Mena-Parra, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Laura Newburgh, Anna Ordog, Sourabh Paul, Ue-Li Pen, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Alex Reda, J. Richard Shaw, Seth R. Siegel
We report the detection of 21 cm emission at an average redshift z¯=2.3 in the cross-correlation of data from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) with measurements of the Lyα forest from eBOSS. Data collected by CHIME over 88 days in the 400–500 MHz frequency band (1.8 < z < 2.5) are formed into maps of the sky and high-pass delay filtered to suppress the foreground power, corresponding
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Formation of Unipolar Outflow and Protostellar Rocket Effect in Magnetized Turbulent Molecular Cloud Cores Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Daisuke Takaishi, Yusuke Tsukamoto, Miyu Kido, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Yoshiaki Misugi, Yuki Kudoh, Yasushi Suto
Observed protostellar outflows exhibit a variety of asymmetrical features, including remarkable unipolar outflows and bending outflows. Revealing the formation and early evolution of such asymmetrical protostellar outflows, especially the unipolar outflows, is essential for a better understanding of the star and planet formation because they can dramatically change the mass accretion and angular momentum
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On the Evidence for Molecular Outflows in High-redshift Dusty Star-forming Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 James Nianias, Jeremy Lim, Michael Yeung
Galactic-scale outflows of molecular gas from star-forming galaxies constitute the most direct evidence for the regulation of star formation. In the early Universe (z > 4), such outflows have recently been inferred from gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) based on ubiquitous detections of OH absorption extending to more blueshifted velocities than [C ii] or CO emission in spatially
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Timing and Spectral Analysis of HMXB 4U 1700-37 Observed with Insight-HXMT Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Hua Xiao, Long Ji, Peng Zhang, Lorenzo Ducci, Victor Doroshenko, Andrea Santangelo, Shu Zhang, Shuang-Nan Zhang
We report timing and spectral studies of the high-mass X-ray binary 4U 1700-37 using Insight-HXMT observations carried out in 2020 during its out-of-eclipse state. We found significant variations in flux on a timescale of kilo-seconds, while the hardness (count rate ratio between 10–30 keV and 2–10 keV) remains relatively stable. No evident pulsations were found over a frequency range of 10−3–2000
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Bar-driven Gas Dynamics of M31 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Zi-Xuan Feng, Zhi Li, Juntai Shen, Ortwin Gerhard, R. P. Saglia, Matias Blaña, Hui Li, Yingjie Jing
The large-scale gaseous shocks in the bulge of M31 can be naturally explained by a rotating stellar bar. We use gas dynamical models to provide an independent measurement of the bar pattern speed in M31. The gravitational potentials of our simulations are from a set of made-to-measure models constrained by stellar photometry and kinematics. If the inclination of the gas disk is fixed at i = 77°, we
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The 2022 Outburst of IGR J17091–3624: Connecting the Exotic GRS 1915+105 to Standard Black Hole X-Ray Binaries Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jingyi Wang, Erin Kara, Javier A. García, Diego Altamirano, Tomaso Belloni, James F. Steiner, Michiel van der Klis, Adam Ingram, Guglielmo Mastroserio, Riley Connors, Matteo Lucchini, Thomas Dauser, Joseph Neilsen, Collin Lewin, Ron A. Remillard, Jeroen Homan
While the standard X-ray variability of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) is stochastic and noisy, there are two known BHXBs that exhibit exotic “heartbeat”-like variability in their lightcurves: GRS 1915+105 and IGR J17091–3624. In 2022, IGR J17091–3624 went into outburst for the first time in the NICER/NuSTAR era. These exquisite data allow us to simultaneously track the exotic variability and the
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Large-scale Mapping Observations of DCN and DCO+ toward Orion KL Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Kotomi Taniguchi, Prathap Rayalacheruvu, Teppei Yonetsu, Tatsuya Takekoshi, Bunyo Hatsukade, Kotaro Kohno, Tai Oshima, Yoichi Tamura, Yuki Yoshimura, Víctor Gómez-Rivera, Sergio Rojas-García, Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz, David H. Hughes, F. Peter Schloerb, Liton Majumdar, Masao Saito, Iván Rodríguez-Montoya, David Sánchez-Arguelles, Ryohei Kawabe
We present emission maps ( 1.′5×1.′5 scale, corresponding to 0.18 pc) of the DCN (J = 2 − 1) and DCO+ (J = 2 − 1) lines in the 2 mm band toward the Orion KL region obtained with the 2 mm receiver system named B4R installed on the Large Millimeter Telescope. The DCN emission shows a peak at the Orion KL hot core position, whereas no DCO+ emission has been detected there. The DCO+ emission shows enhancement
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Revealing the Impact of Critical Stellar Central Density on Galaxy Quenching through Cosmic Time Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Bingxiao Xu, Yingjie Peng
In a previous work, we investigated the structural and environmental dependence on quenching in the nearby universe. In this work, we extend our investigations to higher redshifts by combining galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and The FourStar Galaxy Evolution surveys. In low density, we find a characteristic Σ1 kpc above which the quenching is initiated as indicated by their population-averaged
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Electron Heating by Magnetic Pumping and Whistler-mode Waves Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Viktor A. Frantsuzov, Anton Artemyev, Xiaofei Shi, Anatoli A. Petrukovich
The investigation of mechanisms responsible for the heating of cold solar wind electrons around the Earth’s bow shock is an important problem in heliospheric plasma physics because such heating is vitally required to run the shock drift acceleration at the bow shock. The prospective mechanism for electron heating is magnetic pumping, which considers electron adiabatic (compressional) heating by ultralow-frequency
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Red Asymmetry of H α Line Profiles during the Flares on the Active RS CVn-type Star II Pegasi Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Dongtao Cao, Shenghong Gu
Stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have recently attracted much attention for their impacts on stellar evolution and surrounding exoplanets. RS CVn-type stars could produce large flares, and therefore may have frequent CMEs. Here we report the capture of a possible CME or chromospheric condensation on the RS CVn-type star II Pegasi (II Peg) using high-resolution spectroscopic observation. Two flares
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Deep Chandra Observations of A2495: A Possible Sloshing-regulated Feedback Cycle in a Triple-offset Galaxy Cluster Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 L. Rosignoli, F. Ubertosi, M. Gitti, F. Brighenti, T. Pasini, E. O’Sullivan, F. Gastaldello, M. Gaspari, P. Temi
We present the analysis of new, deep Chandra observations (130 ks) of the galaxy cluster A2495. This object is known for the presence of a triple offset between the peaks of the intracluster medium (ICM), the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), and the warm gas glowing in Hα line. The new Chandra data confirm that the X-ray emission peak is located at a distance of ∼6.2 kpc from the BCG, and at ∼3.9 kpc
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Magnetohydrodynamic Poynting Flux Vortices in the Solar Atmosphere and Their Role in Concentrating Energy Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Suzana S. A. Silva, Gary Verth, Erico L. Rempel, Istvan Ballai, Shahin Jafarzadeh, Viktor Fedun
The nature of energy generation, transport, and effective dissipation responsible for maintaining a hot solar upper atmosphere is still elusive. The Poynting flux is a vital parameter for describing the direction and magnitude of the energy flow, which is mainly used in solar physics for estimating the upward energy generated by photospheric plasma motion. This study presents a pioneering 3D mapping
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Detection of X-Ray Polarization from the Blazar 1ES 1959+650 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Manel Errando, Ioannis Liodakis, Alan P. Marscher, Herman L. Marshall, Riccardo Middei, Michela Negro, Abel Lawrence Peirson, Matteo Perri, Simonetta Puccetti, Pazit L. Rabinowitz, Iván Agudo, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Sergey S. Savchenko, Dmitry Blinov, Ioakeim G. Bourbah, Sebastian Kiehlmann, Evangelos Kontopodis, Nikos Mandarakas, Stylianos Romanopoulos, Raphael Skalidis, Anna Vervelaki, Francisco José
Observations of linear polarization in the 2–8 keV energy range with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) explore the magnetic field geometry and dynamics of the regions generating nonthermal radiation in relativistic jets of blazars. These jets, particularly in blazars whose spectral energy distribution peaks at X-ray energies, emit X-rays via synchrotron radiation from high-energy particles
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Discovery of Kiloparsec-scale Semirelativistic Fe Kα Complex Emission in NGC 5728 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Anna Trindade Falcao, G. Fabbiano, M. Elvis, A. Paggi, W. P. Maksym, M. Karovska
We present Chandra ACIS-S imaging spectroscopy results of the extended (1.″5–8″, 300–1600 pc) hard X-ray emission of NGC 5728, the host galaxy of a Compton-thick active galactic nucleus. We find spectrally and spatially resolved features in the Fe Kα complex (5.0–7.5 keV) redward and blueward of the neutral Fe line at 6.4 keV in the extended narrow-line region bicone. A simple phenomenological fit
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“Beads-on-a-string” Star Formation Tied to One of the Most Powerful Active Galactic Nucleus Outbursts Observed in a Cool-core Galaxy Cluster Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Osase Omoruyi, Grant R. Tremblay, Francoise Combes, Timothy A. Davis, Michael D. Gladders, Alexey Vikhlinin, Paul Nulsen, Preeti Kharb, Stefi A. Baum, Christopher P. O’Dea, Keren Sharon, Bryan A. Terrazas, Rebecca Nevin, Aimee L. Schechter, John A. Zuhone, Michael McDonald, Hakon Dahle, Matthew B. Bayliss, Thomas Connor, Michael Florian, Jane R. Rigby, Sravani Vaddi
With two central galaxies engaged in a major merger and a remarkable chain of 19 young stellar superclusters wound around them in projection, the galaxy cluster SDSS J1531+3414 (z = 0.335) offers an excellent laboratory to study the interplay between mergers, active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, and star formation. New Chandra X-ray imaging reveals rapidly cooling hot (T ∼ 106 K) intracluster gas
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Early Structure Formation from Primordial Density Fluctuations with a Blue, Tilted Power Spectrum: High-redshift Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Shingo Hirano, Naoki Yoshida
Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered unexpectedly abundant luminous galaxies at high redshift, posing possibly a severe challenge to popular galaxy formation models. We study early structure formation in a cosmological model with a blue, tilted power spectrum (BTPS) given by P(k)∝kms with m s > 1 at small length scales. We run a set of cosmological N-body simulations
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Two-moment Neutrino Flavor Transformation with Applications to the Fast Flavor Instability in Neutron Star Mergers Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Evan Grohs, Sherwood Richers, Sean M. Couch, Francois Foucart, Julien Froustey, James P. Kneller, Gail C. McLaughlin
Multi-messenger astrophysics has produced a wealth of data with much more to come in the future. This enormous data set will reveal new insights into the physics of core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and many other objects where it is actually possible, if not probable, that new physics is in operation. To tease out different possibilities, we will need to analyze signals from photons
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Extreme Variability Quasars in Their Various States. II. Spectral Variation Revealed with Multiepoch Spectra Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Wenke Ren, Junxian Wang, Zhenyi Cai, Xufan Hu
We previously built a sample of 14,012 extremely variable quasars (EVQs) based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Pan-STARRS1 photometric observations. In this work we present the spectral fitting to their SDSS spectra and study the spectral variation in 1259 EVQs with multiepoch SDSS spectra (after prudently excluding spectra with potentially unreliable spectroscopic photometry). We find a clear
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Comprehensive Connection among the Quasars with Different Types of Outflow Absorption Lines Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Xing-Long Peng, Zhi-Fu Chen, Zhi-Cheng He, Ting-Ting Pang, Zhi-Wen Wang
It is commonly accepted that outflows from the central regions of quasars play a substantial role in regulating the global properties of the host galaxy. These outflows are typically detected through blueshifted absorption lines. However, the question remains whether outflows observed with different absorption line types indeed reflect the same environmental or evolutionary stage of the host galaxy
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How Small-scale Jetlike Solar Events from Miniature Flux Rope Eruptions Might Produce the Solar Wind Astrophys. J. (IF 4.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Alphonse C. Sterling, Navdeep K. Panesar, Ronald L. Moore
We consider small-scale jetlike events that might make the solar wind, as has been suggested in recent studies. We show that the events referred to as “coronal jets” and as “jetlets” both fall on a power-law distribution that also includes large-scale eruptions and spicule-sized features; all of the jetlike events could contribute to the solar wind. Based on imaging and magnetic field data, it is plausible