The vertical density gradients of salinity and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) cause stratification in estuaries, which play a vital role in the turbulence structure, water mixing, and sediment transport. To investigate the effect of stratification, especially SSC-induced stratification, on maintaining the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM), we conducted in situ measurements on sediment dynamics

Observed vertical sediment accumulation rates (n = 1031) were gathered from ~ 55 years of peer reviewed literature. Original methods of rate calculation include long-term isotope geochronology (14C, 210Pb, and 137Cs), pollen analysis, horizon markers, and box coring. These observations are used to create a database of global, contemporary vertical sediment accumulation rates. Rates were converted to

Sagami Bay in central Japan is known as the seismogenic and tsunamigenic zone of the 1703 and 1923 Kanto earthquakes that caused devastating damage in the Tokyo metropolitan area. However, the tsunamigenic structure within the frontal wedges of the subduction zone remains unresolved after the last disastrous events. In the present study, the detailed structural features of the shallowest structure

Geomorphic analysis utilizing multibeam bathymetry and sediment profiler data along with conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) measurements was undertaken to investigate morphological aspects of bottom current features that prevail in the area. The aim of the study was to deduce the prevailing water mass in the area and to infer interactions between water mass and seabed of South Eastern Arabian

Two short-term summer cruises were performed in the vicinity of Rizhao Port, western Yellow Sea, to investigate summer water stratification and the phenomenon of marine sediment acidification. Results show that water stratification has formed as early as in May. The chemoclines of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH usually occur deeper than the thermocline. Sometimes the chemoclines of DO and pH occur synchronously

Morphological features on low-latitude continental shelves have recorded past sea level fluctuations. This study aims to recognize and interrogate, on the Rio Grande do Norte (RN, NE Brazil) outer shelves, specific seabed morphologies that could have been produced by the punctuated relative sea level rise of the last deglaciation. These sea floor morphologies, imaged by single-beam bathymetric data

Several studies have highlighted the difficulties inherent to the use of bimodal fluvial sediments in beach nourishment and the resulting unpredictable behaviour of the beach profile. In this paper, we monitored the temporal evolution of a nourishment project carried out on a northwestern Mediterranean beach and using fluvial mixed sand and gravel nourishment material. The main aim of the study was

In 2011, a yacht marina was built in Sopot (the largest holiday resort in Poland), which initiated the formation of a local shallowing of the bottom related to the tombolo effect. The building of the marina led to disturbances in the transmission of bottom deposits along the coast, which resulted from waves and the shift of the beach coastline by approx. 50 m towards the sea. Its effects include progressive

This article [1] has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief because it has been previously published by Bae, S.H., Yoon, H.I., Park, B. et al [2]. This article is therefore redundant.

This paper provides a novel classification scheme for magma-induced subsurface vent complexes based on morphometric data and stacking patterns. The study area is the Naglfar Dome in the Vøring Basin where the interaction between magmatic intrusions and vent complexes is well known. Seismic interpretation, characterization and morphometric analyses of 35 vent complexes observed within the Palaeocene-Eocene

Coastal erosion under the context of global sea-level rise has threatened societies living along the coast. The processes related to decadal- to centennial-scale shoreline changes are much more complex than those suggested by the Bruun effect. This paper derives a one-dimensional model to explore the relationships between shoreline change, profile concavity, and sediment fluxes in wave-dominated coastal

Spectral gamma-ray measurements were carried out on eight cores collected in the Bransfield Strait at points distributed over a cross section connecting the South Shetland Islands (NW) and the Antarctic Peninsula (SE). These cores were acquired during the cruises OPERANTAR XXXIII, XXXIV, and XXXV, aboard the P/V Almirante Maximiano, from the Brazilian Navy, within the scope of the project “Use of Sedimentary

The Saronikos Gulf hosts the northwestern end of the South Aegean Active Volcanic Arc. It is affected by extensional back-arc tectonism in a prominent N-S direction, while older E-W rifting is also manifested. Recently acquired swath bathymetry and high-resolution seismic profiles led to the precise morphological mapping of five Quaternary continental shelf basins, along with their neotectonic delineations

The deep water in the ridge segment between 10°18’S and 10°57’S of northern Central Indian Ridge was surveyed with CTD and AUV for seafloor hydrothermal activities. During the survey, 25 CTD hydrocasts were made, and seawater samples were collected for analyses of chemical tracers like dissolved manganese (DMn). In the rift valley between 10°40’S and 10°57’S, consistent backscatter anomalies (up to

Two areas with cold methane seeps on the outer shelf of the Laptev Sea were studied by two interdisciplinary expeditions onboard the RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in August–September of 2017 and 2018. These fields lie in water between depths of 63 and 73 m, and in a region of growing interest to the international community. Characteristic features of the methane seeps were obtained, which include their

Quaternary marine deposits of the Ischia Island have been analyzed based on marine geological survey and sedimentological data. The Ischia Island represents the emerged part of a large volcanic field, extending from the Procida island to the submerged volcanoes of the western Ischia offshore. The volcanic field develops over an area of about 42 km2, E-W trending, composed of calderas, such as the Ischia

Byrnes et al. (Geo-Marine Letters 39:265–278, Byrnes et al. 2019) present subsidence data for Barataria Basin located south and west of New Orleans in coastal Louisiana to better inform wetland protection and restoration planning by the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority. They measured subsidence using geodetic GPS elevation surveys of rod benchmarks, similar to the rod benchmarks

An analogy between submarine channels and fluvial rivers has existed for long, especially on the basis of planform and morphometry. Underlying this broad resemblance are the minute disparities that shape and control these systems. In order to observe and quantify the variations between submarine channels and subaerial rivers, we present a first-ever geomorphometric investigation of one single system

Using an erosion chamber, erodibility experiments on two different deep-sea sediments (mainly clayey silt) acquired in the western Pacific Ocean have been conducted to estimate the erosion rate and its potential controlling factors. Overall, the erosion rates of both deep-sea sediments were in the range of 10−7–10−5 kg m−2 s−1 which was two or three orders of magnitude lower than that of sediments

We provide new evidence of the preservation of 34S-enriched signals in methane seep-impacted sediments from two onshore Miocene outcrops located in the northern Apennines (Italy). Selected outcrops include methane-derived authigenic carbonates (MDAC) with δ13C composition between − 42.3 and − 18.2‰. MDACs contain chemosynthetic clams and abundant pyrite indicative of formation close to or within a

Anoxic marine sediments contribute a significant amount of dissolved iron (Fe2+) to the ocean which is crucial for the global carbon cycle. Here, we investigate iron cycling in four Arctic cold seeps where sediments are anoxic and sulfidic due to the high rates of methane-fueled sulfate reduction. We estimated Fe2+ diffusive fluxes towards the oxic sediment layer to be in the range of 0.8 to 138.7 μmole/m2/day

This research explores the Messinian record in a western Mediterranean basin at the eastern end of the Betic Cordillera (the Garruchal section, southern sector of the Bajo Segura basin). Sedimentary facies development and foraminiferal assemblages were used as palaeoenvironmental proxies to characterize the palaeoceanographic evolution of the basin’s progressive restriction. Therefore, a succession

Paleo-shorelines on continental shelves give insights into the complex development of coastlines during sealevel cycles. This study investigates the geologic development of the Limpopo Shelf during the last sealevel cycle using multichannel seismic and acoustic datasets acquired on the shelf in front of the Limpopo River mouth. A detailed investigation of seismic facies, shelf bathymetry, and a correlation

We conducted a detailed rock magnetic study complemented by sedimentological and mineralogical methods on a 177.2-m-long sediment core of Hole NGHP-01-14A to constrain the influence of high-energy depositional environment on the magnetic mineral diagenesis and formation of gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari (K-G) basin, Bay of Bengal. Five sediment magnetic zones were identified based on the downcore

Neodymium isotopic composition (εNd) has enjoyed widespread use as a palaeotracer, principally because it behaves quasi-conservatively in the modern ocean. However, recent bottom water εNd reconstructions from the eastern North Atlantic are difficult to interpret under assumptions of conservative behaviour. The observation that this apparent departure from conservative behaviour increases with enhanced

We applied a combined approach of benthic terrain modelling with sediment type distribution, using regional available data sets in order to map the distribution of seabed physical habitats along the Espírito Santo Continental Shelf, Brazil. The Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM) was used to define benthic terrain classes, which were combined with ground truth data (sediment samples and seabed images) to

Many sedimentary structures are the manifestation of fluid escape in sedimentary basins. This paper examines outcrop and seismic examples in upper Miocene deep-water sandstones and siltstones of north Taranaki, New Zealand. In outcrop examples of fluid escape features comprise discordant bodies within otherwise uniformly bedded surrounding stratigraphy, features characterized by steep sided, over-hanging

Tidal ecosystems like the Wadden Sea are particularly valuable for their ecological and economic importance. Here, the natural dynamics of the abiotic and biotic processes is threatened by the human pressure, and great efforts are made on mapping and monitoring programs. Remote sensing techniques (e.g., satellite and airborne sources) are commonly used on land and intertidal areas, whereas hydroacoustic

The underwater light regime is fundamental to the ecological health of aquatic systems because it is a limiting factor for photosynthesis in marine plants such as seagrasses. Although seagrass meadows are a key component of coastal systems, their survival has been threatened by increased turbidity levels, both from resuspension of marine sediments and input of terrestrial material. The objective of

Multibeam (MB) and subbottom profile (SBP) data along the forearc slope off Miyagi, Japan, are combined to investigate structural-morphological and sedimentary structures along the forearc slope of the Japan Trench subduction zone. In addition to dip-oriented slope gullies, the MB data image a nearly dip-perpendicular slope trough bounded by a fault scarp landward of the trench-slope break. Seaward

Beaches are characterized by high morphodynamic activity, and high-frequency measurements are needed to understand their states and rates of change. Ideally, beach survey methods should be at once accurate, rapid and low-cost. Recently, unmanned aerial systems (drones) have been increasingly utilized to measure beach topography. In this paper, we present a review of the state of art in drones and photogrammetry

The Brazilian continental margin includes several volcanic islands, submerged volcanic seamounts, and a unique non-volcanic archipelago located in a transform segment of the Equatorial South Atlantic. The mechanism of formation of these islands is related to post-breakup magmatic episodes dated as Late Cretaceous to Pleistocene. Diverse Late Cretaceous to Paleogene alkaline magmatic episodes are registered

The influence of past variations in water column denitrification (WCD) in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) on the western tropical Pacific (WTP) remains ambiguous, due to the deficiency of enough down-core records of nitrogen isotope (δ15N) in the WTP. In this study, sedimentary δ15N record down a core from the northern WTP is investigated to revisit this issue. After elucidating the potential presence

This research uses a process-based model (Delft3D), validated with measured wave data, to investigate the controls that a cuspate shoreline and its associated submerged morphology have on wave generation, propagation, and attenuation within a large elongated lagoon (Lagoa dos Patos, Brazil). A method based on the Energy-Flux-Method was applied to the historical wind dataset to define representative

This study aims to provide a more detailed understanding of the behavior of 231Pa/230Th under varying ocean circulation regimes. The North Atlantic provides a unique sedimentary setting with its ice-rafted detritus (IRD) layers deposited during glacial times. These layers have been found north of 40° N (Ruddiman Belt) and are most pronounced during Heinrich Stadials. Most of these sediments have been

Paleoceanographic investigations in the Arctic and north Atlantic are crucial to understanding past and current climate change, in particular considering amounts of pressure-temperature sensitive gas stored in marine sediments of the region. Many paleoceanographic studies are based on foraminiferal oxygen and carbon stable isotope compositions (δ18O, δ13C) from either planktonic specimens, benthic

In this study, the sedimentation conditions of Lagoa dos Patos, southern Brazil, were analyzed by applying 210Pb and 137Cs geochronological methods on four geological cores. The sedimentation rates showed a decreasing north-to-south pattern, indicating a strong influence of the Guaíba River discharge (the main Patos Lagoon tributary) on the transport of sediments into the interior of the lagoon. Core

Mud deposits on Cassino beach are associated with waves generated from storms during cold front passages and extratropical cyclones from the southern quadrant. During such episodes fluid mud deposited at the shoreface and surf zone is transported towards the surf zone and the sandy beach prism. The first mention on the origin of mud has always attributed a source exclusively natural for the deposits

Here, we present two high temporal resolution Holocene sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) reconstructions for the SW Atlantic. Mg/Ca data together with the oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) of a shallow dwelling planktonic foraminifera species (Globigerinoides ruber (pink)). Two marine sediment cores collected at ~ 25°S are used to assess mid- to late Holocene sea surface hydrographic

Organic-rich aquatic sediments are a significant source of methane to the atmosphere. In situ remote quantifications of gas content in shallow sediment is a complex task due to its large spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The spatial and multiannual changes of free gas (methane) content (Θ) in shallow sediments were studied in deep subtropical Lake Kinneret. We implemented recently developed acoustic methodology

The distributions of hydrocarbon gases (HCGs) from C1-C5 in seafloor sediments of the South Tatar sedimentary basin (northern Sea of Japan) were obtained during five research cruises from 2012 to 2017. As a result of this work, areas of gas hydrates, gas flares, and anomalous gas concentrations were discovered. The concentration of HCGs in seafloor sediment, as determined by the “headspace method”

Crabs are ecosystem engineers that dig burrows, which can trap sediment. We used a field experiment to explore how burrow aspect ratio (depth/diameter) affects the trapping efficiency of sediments and organic material. Arrays of burrows mimics were constructed using tubes of similar depths but two different opening diameters: fat tubes (aspect ratio of 3.8) and thin tubes (7.1). Different arrays were

Disposal of dredged sediments from harbor areas is often carried out without prior characterization and diagnosis of the benthic ecosystem and its relationships with the physical environment. Geohabitats studies contribute to this previous characterization, showing how geological and geomorphological features are associated with the benthic ecosystems of a given location. To investigate these relationships

The aim of the present work is to study the influence of preexisting pervasive strength anisotropy on the development of faults during two phases of extensions. Two different series of experiments are performed by deforming rectangular three-layered models either by orthogonal extension followed by oblique extension (series 1) or by oblique extension followed by orthogonal extension (series 2). The

The northeastern Brazilian continental shelf has a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation system. This study applied statistical analysis on superficial sediments to access the conditions and controls of sedimentary distribution and processes along the outer shelf depositional environment. The total of 123 grabbed sediment samples were analyzed as mean grain size, standard deviation, skewness

This study examines the role of deep pockmarks in acting as natural sediment traps. Multibeam bathymetry, single-channel seismic and sediment samples data were used for describing the morphology of pockmarks as well as the nature of sediments inside and outside these depressed features, in an area of Santos Basin (SW Atlantic upper slope), dominated by the strong flow of Brazil Current. Results show

The distribution of rhodoliths growing near the Udo islands in the Republic of Korea was identified and the controlling factors influencing their growth and distribution were investigated. Their mineralogical and textural features of growth patterns and the physical oceanographic properties that influence the rhodolith distribution were also examined. The study area is relatively shallow with a water

Crescentic bars with wavelengths of 250–450 m were observed on a micro-tidal, open coast (Anmok Beach, Korea) to unravel the flow patterns over them under various wave conditions. The horn and bay environments of the crescents were distinguished to measure respective near-bottom flow conditions in the nearshore 3–8 m deep. Offshore waves were measured at a station about 18 m deep. The measurement duration

Near-coastal marine sediments often provide high-resolution records of various anthropogenic influences such as the release of heavy metals, which pose a potentially negative influence on aquatic ecosystems because of their toxicity and persistence. In places, the gradual onset of man-made heavy metal emission dates back to ~ 4500 years BP and is difficult to distinguish from potential natural sources

The Santo Antônio Bank (SAB) is a large sand accumulation on the inner continental shelf of Salvador City, next to Todos os Santos Bay (TSB) entrance, eastern Brazilian coast. Since the sixteenth century, chroniclers report this feature as a navigational hazard. Previous studies have tried to determine the origin and volume of sands stored within this feature without success. In the present study,

The Brazilian Continental Margin (BEM) deep-water regions contain important geological features, although the area is poorly explored beyond the continental shelf-break. The main objective of this study is to seismically characterize syn- and post-rift sequences and certain seamounts that are part of the Fernando de Noronha Ridge (FNR) in deep-water basins and are off of the shore of northeastern Brazil

The present study used shallow high-resolution seismic surveys to characterize the architecture and stratigraphic evolution of the last depositional sequence of the São Francisco Delta (SFDS). The sequence was accumulated within a bathymetric low (BL) on the shelf located in front of the São Francisco river. This antecedent topography provided additional accommodation of tens of meters in comparison

This study focuses on gas bubble emissions across ~ 1800 km2 of the southeastern continental slope of the Crimean Peninsula in the Eastern Black Sea basin. In total, about 3500 gas emissions were mapped as so-called flares in single- and multibeam echosounder imaginary. Flares generally emanate from the seafloor, with a few exceptions, where water depths are less than 700 m, which represents the upper

We examined the architecture of Pleistocene sequences of the Korea Strait (KS) margin controlled by ocean currents and compressional tectonic regimes, using a dense grid of high-resolution single-channel seismic profiles and sediment cores. Along with uplifted strata featuring an erosional and/or non-depositional flat seabed in the northern shelf of the study area, three Middle–Upper Pleistocene sequences

The swash zone is the most dynamic part of the upper beach. Here breaking waves interact with sediments, leading to beach morphodynamics, and eventually to coastal erosion and flooding. An understanding of swash characteristics such as the vertical excursion and mean swash period is of vital importance to identify and predict the possible impact of storms in coastal areas. The prediction of these swash

Marine habitat mapping provides essential information for environmental management and design of marine reserves. In tropical regions, particularly along the Brazilian coast, the spatial variability of marine habitats is poorly known. The aim of this study is to evaluate the geodiversity of the region as an indicator to benthic habitat distribution, applying an integrative approach utilizing existing

Through comprehensive seismic, stratigraphic, and sedimentological analysis, this paper describes the stratigraphic architecture of the late Quaternary sediments and depositional dynamics in a region ~ 3.5 km offshore of the current south-west Namibian coastline. The landscape evolution model of this area is based on 2D seismic reflection profiles calibrated to approximately 500 boreholes, which yielded

Research about the variability of sand size inside the hopper of a trailing suction dredger has yet to be done, despite its importance for beach nourishment projects. In this study, several samples were taken using different methodologies during dredging for a particular case of beach nourishment on board one dredger. Sampling was carried out with a tube core and a Van Veen grab at the surface when

This study compares bathymetry extracted from 3D seismic data at two Australian study sites of differing morphological complexities to two sources of collocated multibeam data: 50-m and 5-m multibeam digital bathymetric models (DBMs). Seafloor horizons are extracted from the 3D seismic data and converted to depth using sound velocity profiles collected during seismic acquisition. The resulting seismic-derived

In freshwater lakes, ebullition is an important pathway for biogenic methane (CH4) to escape from sediment and reach the atmosphere. However, the high spatial and temporal variability of ebullition limits our ability to accurately measure or predict CH4 fluxes from lakes. To explore factors controlling the spatial distribution of ebullition, we investigated free gas accumulation in bottom sediment