Various rocks have been recovered near axial discontinuities along mid-ocean ridges, which record a complex evolution of oceanic crust. However, the petrogenesis of these rocks and its relation with axial discontinuities remain hotly debated. Here we report whole-rock elemental compositions, together with MoSrNdPbHf isotopes, and mineral compositions for a suite of rocks from axial discontinuities

On 10 September 2017, Category 3 Hurricane Irma made landfall along the Southwest Florida coastline between Cape Sable and Cape Romano. Geologic evidence of this storm is preserved in a back-barrier lagoon behind the Big Hickory Barrier Island, which is located ~64 km north of the landfall point and is positioned 43–65 m east of the Gulf of Mexico. Modern dune height is ~0.83–0.88 m, which was exceeded

In their paper Schambach et al. (2020) present a dual (seismic and landslide source) modelling of the 1908 Messina tsunami. Their contribution highlights the fact that a multiple source is required to model the 1908 tsunami event. However, both the seismogenic fault and the submarine mass failure adopted by Schambach et al. are geologically poorly constrained. Dual-source modelling can satisfactorily

Recurrent mass transport deposits (MTD) not only act as competent seals trapping fluids, but their basal shear zones connected by pipes also serve as potential reservoirs for gas hydrate within the gas hydrate stability zone. However, this has seldom been addressed in previous studies. Using conventional 3D seismic reflection data and well data collected from the Central Canyon area of the northwestern

Sand-mud transition (SMT) is an important boundary of the beach system, and its location and evolution have been increasingly studied in recent years. This study focuses on the location and migration of SMTs and their influencing factors on three representative embayed beaches on the east coast of Zhujiajian Island, Zhejiang Province, China, characterized by different levels of human interventions

To better explore the potential of Holocene subaqueous deltas as sedimentary archives, we quantitatively examined the benthic foraminiferal content of the muddy wedges belonging to three major Western Mediterranean deltas: Po Delta (N Adriatic Sea), Arno Delta (Ligurian Sea) and Rhône Delta (Gulf of Lions). The application of multivariate analyses (R-mode cluster, nMDS) on a regional dataset allowed

This study presents a detailed sedimentary geochemical record of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1489, which was drilled off the northeast margin of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Focusing on the geochemical characteristics and the extent of chemical weathering of siliciclastic component, a total of 183 samples from the upper 84 m of Site U1489 are used to reconstruct the PNG sediment supplies

Sedimentological, paleontological, and geochemical data from core XK-1 on the Xisha Islands have allowed for a detailed documentation of the early carbonate development around the Oligocene-Miocene transition in the northern South China Sea (SCS). The deposits within the fore reef, reef, lagoon environments occurred before 23 Ma, the exposure horizon occurred around 23 Ma, and the sediments within

Fjord sediments are recognized global hotspots for the burial of organic carbon (OC) and as an integral part of the global carbon (C) cycle. Relative to their spatial extent, more OC is trapped and stored in the sediments of fjords than any other marine sedimentary environment. Until recently, our understanding of the rate at which OC accumulates and is buried in mid-latitude fjord sediments was poor

Mesoscale eddies play an important role in the transport of heat, salt and other chemical substances. However, the influence of these eddies on the sediment distribution has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we discuss the influence of eddies on sediment transport in the western South China Sea (WSCS), where the eddy kinetic energy is strong, using sedimentary records of the grain size, clay mineral

With this contribution we use a pair of overlapping 3D seismic surveys and two exploration wells to document the response of long-lived slope channels to the onset of bottom currents sweeping the lower slope in the NE Rockall Basin, offshore Ireland. Downslope gravity current activity, linked to a phase of uplift, prevailed throughout the Eocene and led to the formation of multiple channels, most notably

One of the multifaceted features of the Earth's surface is the shoreline, which is always changing and has enhanced economic and environmental values. This paper highlights the shoreline of Bangladesh's southeast coast from 1980 to 2020 with a 10-year interval to automatically extract the shoreline and the changes in coastline position due to accretion and erosion. Threshold, Sobel, Prewitt, Canny

By examining a coastal zone with a long-term history of management strategies, the focus of this paper is on the evolution of a beach system on the updrift of a sequence of coastal interventions. Here, we review previous assessments of the natural morphodynamic adjustments of the Letitia Spit (New South Wales, Australia) in response to the construction of the Tweed River training walls (c. 1964) and

The intertidal zone and raised shore (supratidal) platform at Mission Rocks, northern KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa, consists of fracture-bounded Holocene beachrock units, and megagravel (boulder) deposits. This area is microtidal and wave-dominated, with swells approaching from the southeast. The area is also influenced by storm wave events. The seaward edge of the intertidal platform is undercut

This paper presents volcanic and tectonic features of Shirahama Bank, an unexplored shallow submarine edifice in the northern Ryukyu Arc which was previously poorly mapped, and consequently the nature of its volcanism and tectonism have been poorly understood. New high-resolution (5 m) bathymetry revealed that Shirahama Bank has small volcanic edifices and depressions on its flat top with water depths

Muddy, upslope-migrating sediment waves, with their crestal lines parallel to the bathymetric contours, are the dominant geomorphic elements in the entire lower slope along the Indian north-eastern continental margin. Wave dimensions are maximum with high but differing degrees of sediment accretions on the upslope and downslope sides of wave crests and with most upslope wave migrations in the northeastern

A sediment compartment approach is an appropriate framework within which to undertake planning and management of coastal environments, and a hierarchical scheme has been adopted by several state governments in Australia. This study applies a geospatial comparison of terrain modelling to estimate decadal-scale sediment transfer in a closed wave-dominated coastal compartment in southeastern Australia

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) is the primary component of coastal waters. The spatiotemporal dynamics of SPM has an important influence on water bio-optical properties, pollutant diffusion, landform evolution, and carbon, oxygen, and nutrient cycles. This study presents the spatial distribution of monthly average SPM concentrations from 2017 to 2020 in the abandoned Diaokouhe and Shenxiangou distributary

Richards Bay is part of a back-barrier lagoon fronted by high coastal dunes on the NE, Indian Ocean coast of South Africa. In the early 1970s, a berm was constructed, dividing the original Mhlathuze Estuary into two separate systems; the Richards Bay Harbour and the new Mhlathuze Estuary. This study investigates the stratigraphic evolution of the incised valley system and bayhead delta in the Richards

Present-day circulation patterns in the southeastern Pacific Ocean are driven by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, directing subantarctic surface water into the Patagonian fjords since at least the early Holocene. In this way, bottom current patterns in the area are regulated by the regional climate, although the complex bathymetry of the fjords has a significant impact as well. To understand the

The Costa Rican convergent margin is a typical erosive margin where a low-angle subduction of the Cocos Ridge (CR) beneath the Caribbean Plate takes place and subduction erosion of the basal and forearc area in the overlying plate occurs. Because subduction erosion is destructive to rock records, subduction erosion processes can only be understood by indirect means such as investigating the deformation

The Bengal Fan is world famous for its developed turbiditic system. This study identified turbidite records in a gravity core (BoB-104) taken from near a currently inactive channel (E4) based on lithology, geochemical and mineralogical parameters. This core contained turbidite and hemipelagic layers in this core. This study identified 21 turbidite layers which exhibited consistent provenance with the

Multibeam bathymetric imagery and acoustic sub-bottom profiles are used to reveal distribution patterns of sub-surface sedimentation in Dove Basin (Scotia Sea). The goals of the study are to determine the imprint of the inflow of deep Antarctic water masses from the Weddell Sea into the Scotia Sea, to establish the factors driving the styles of contourite deposition and to discern the relative contribution

This study uses 3D reflection seismic data to investigate how sediment gravity flows contribute to the evolution of the lower continental slope of the Myanmar margin that is part of the Bengal Fan, the largest deep-water fan system in the world. Seafloor and subseafloor data show large sediment wave fields that developed on both flanks of an extensive submarine canyon. The sediment waves exhibit asymmetric

Integrated sedimentologic and ichnologic studies along the Baeksu coast of southwestern Korea have revealed that despite the macrotidal conditions, the morphologic characteristics and preserved deposits of the intertidal flats show strong similarities to those commonly reported from wave-dominated shorefaces. Morphologically, a beachface is developed near the high-tide level, which is backed by the

The Mozambique and Madagascar margins present major rivers that are responsible for the discharge of large amounts of terrestrial organic matter (OM) which can influence carbon cycling in marine environments. Therefore, the Mozambique channel represents a unique case to study the fate of the organic carbon in deep-water domains. Using a new and extensive data set of sedimentary OM collected from sediment

The variation of the floc population in the Changjiang Estuary has been studied for both winter and summer season as a function of the presence of living (micro)algae. The influence of algae has been characterized through the use of the chlorophyll-a concentration to suspended sediment concentration (CC/SSC) ratio. Two whole tidal cycle sampling campaigns were carried out and a full set of parameters

Deep-sea sediments are ideal recorders for studying the provenances and relevant chemical and physical weathering of adjacent lands. Major, trace (Fe, K, Al, Ti, V, Rb, Th, and Cr), and rare earth elements (REEs), grain size, and AMS 14C ages were studied on a 4-m-long core CS11 collected from a deep basin in the northern South China Sea (SCS). Core CS11 sediments were mainly derived from southwestern

A method to map bio-physical benthic habitats on the continental shelf of South Africa has been developed and is being refined. The goal is to produce a benthic habitat classification method that bridges the disciplines of marine geophysics and biological science, with relevance to all elements of the local substrate, using modern methods. Here, we produced ground-truthed seafloor characterisation

The emerged sequences of coral reef and marine terraces of the Cuban Archipelago have been recognized since the end of the 19th century but with noticeable exceptions, their bio-constructions and/or deposits are not dated. The northern Caribbean islands and associated archipelagos are located in a left-lateral strike-slip tectonic setting, at the boundary between the North America and Caribbean plates

Late Miocene contourite deposits related to the paleo-Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) were identified in the Betic and Rifian corridors prior to the restriction of the Mediterranean-Atlantic gateway during the latest Miocene. In this study, we identified for the first time their downstream continuation in the Gulf of Cádiz through seismic stratigraphic analysis and the interpretation of contourite

Turbidity currents can be characterized as net-erosive, net-depositional or net-bypassing. Whether a flow is erosive, depositional or bypasses depends on the flow velocity, concentration and size but these can also be impacted by external controls such as the degree of confinement, slope gradient and substrate type and erodibility. Our understanding of the relative importance of these controls comes

Sedimentary processes on continental shelves are affected by complex interactions between a variety of riverine and oceanographic processes. In the shelf of the East China Sea (ECS) south of the Yangtze River estuary, we investigated source-to-sink processes relating to local riverine input as well as the effects of the Kuroshio intrusion by examining the distribution of long-chain alkyl diols in surface

The marine stratigraphic record in the northwestern South China Sea provides an excellent case for understanding the provenance and sedimentary evolution of the marginal sea. However, considerable uncertainty exists in unraveling the geochemical record since the Oligocene due, in part, to a lack of systematic measurements of the sediments. In this study, the major and trace elements of sedimentary

We have developed an algorithm to map benthic habitats on the continental shelf of South Africa, integrating marine geophysics and biological science. Multibeam bathymetry, backscatter and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) footage were collected on the inner continental shelf of Cape St Francis and the hydroacoustic data were processed using machine learning clustering techniques. The k-means clustering

Holocene coral reef development is valuable to understanding the behavior and impacts of paleoclimate and sea level changes. This study focuses on the Holocene carbonate sequences of a drill core extracted from Well CK2 in the northern South China Sea (SCS). This drill core consists of an 873.55 m thick carbonate layer overlying 55.20 m of volcanic basement. High precision U-series dating of 22 coral

Plastered drifts are a complex type of contouritic drift, very common along continental slopes, although their precise sedimentary stacking pattern and long-term evolution are not well understood. In this work we used 3D and 2D multichannel reflection seismic and well datasets to characterize a Paleogene plastered drift along the Uruguayan continental margin. A large buried drift running parallel to

A key aspect of East Asian climate is its summer monsoonal system which influences nearly one-third of the world's population. Recent results indicate that the primary response of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) to anthropogenic forced climate warming may be a shift in geographical range instead of an intensity change, which would lead to spatial coexistence of floods and droughts over southeastern

Benthic foraminiferal assemblage data have been derived from a marine sediment core collected in a cold-water coral (CWC) site off northwest Scotland (near the Wyville Thomson Ridge - WTR). The record covers the last glacial period to the late Holocene. Our reconstructions enable to better constrain the paleoenvironmental changes that took place in the study area since the last glacial time and define

Thirty-nine years of high-resolution data from 1981 to 2019 surveyed by the Field Research Facility (FRF) of the US Army Corps of Engineers at Duck, North Carolina, in the United States, were analyzed for temporal and spatial characteristics of beach morphology evolution employing a range of statistical methods. In the study, emphasis was put on the response of the subaerial part of the beach profile

Previous studies regarding the depositional pattern and quantity of accumulated seafloor sediment tend to be regional, limited in scope and involving costly and time-consuming geologic field campaigns and laboratory work. Presented herein is a global map of predicted modern (postindustrial, 20th and 21st century) oceanic mass accumulation rates of 5-arc-minute pitch and in log10-space, trained on observed

Reclamation in estuaries can greatly change the channel geometry and hydrodynamic conditions and these changes may have significant impacts on spatial and temporal distribution of the turbidity maximum zone. This study focuses on the effects of a large area of reclamation built in 2007–2018 and the behavior of the turbidity maximum zone along the North Channel of the Yangtze Estuary. Data were collected

Sedimentary evidence for enhanced volcanic eruption during the glacial/interglacial transition in the volcanically active mid-ocean ridges is still lacking. Here, we present the sedimentary records of enhanced deglacial volcanic activity in a well-dated sediment core from the middle part of Central Indian Ridge (CIR), which can provide clue for comprehensively understanding of the temporal relation

Anh (2021) asserts that the sediment budget model by Ve et al. (2021) of the subaqueous Red River Delta (RRD) is inaccurate because of some fundamental flaws in the DEM analysis and budget estimation. In fact, bathymetric data from the two earliest charts have been validated with data from a survey carried out over a short time span (1927–1930) and a linear semi-variogram model used to do the kriging

The Dec. 22, 2018 lateral collapse of the Anak Krakatau (AK) volcano in the Sunda Straits of Indonesia discharged volcaniclastic material into the 250 m deep caldera southwest of the volcano and generated a large tsunami, causing runups of up to 85 m in the near-field, and 13.5 m in the far-field, on the nearby coasts of Sumatra and Java. The tsunami caused 437 fatalities, the greatest number from

Detrital zircon UPb geochronology and geochemical proxies derived from immobile elements and isotopes are commonly applied to trace sediment sources because of their durability and stability in most earth surface processes and environments. However, little is known on whether these different tracers can contain identical or similar provenance signals for sediments of interest. This study presents the

The Eirik Drift, off southern Greenland, is one of a series of contourite deposits in the northern North Atlantic that record changes in the strength and location of western boundary currents in the region. To date however, the sedimentary facies, and particularly the variation in facies across this drift, have received relatively little investigation. Here, we present an analysis of the sedimentary

The abyssal plains are generally assumed to be geologically inactive parts of the ocean plate interiors where processes (such as pelagic sedimentation or manganese crust and nodule formation) occur at very slow rates. In terms of intraplate volcanic activity, almost all is assumed to occur at hotspots, leading to little exploration in other intraplate regions. The Peru Basin is an abyssal plain known

Sediment resuspension and sediment erodibility were investigated in Hamelin Pool (Western Australia), which is one of the few modern carbonate settings where stromatolites and ooids are actively forming. For this purpose, the first time series of wave height and water turbidity were recorded at a ~2.5 m deep subtidal location in Hamelin Pool from July 2017 to March 2018. Sediment grain size analyses

The U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) coastline (1000 km) has been analyzed for conditions that could impact beach erosion from potential near-future (100 year) sea level rise (SLR). Heavy mineral analysis of river, beach, and shelf samples (n = 105) establish the sources of the beach deposits. River bedload discharge and intervening estuarine sinks for river sand supplies (n = 31) were normalized to the

The variability of sedimentation patterns and processes driven by late Quaternary glacial-interglacial paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes are investigated in Ona Basin, southwestern Scotia Sea. The interest of this area lies in the fact that the nearby Antarctic Peninsula has recorded extreme climatic variability, and the Drake Passage-Scotia Sea oceanic domain is influenced by two major Southern

Depositional systems accumulating under the combined influence of along-slope currents and downslope sediment-gravity flows are frequent in several continental margins. Despite being well-documented in terms of how these opposing depositional processes shape the margin architecture, many aspects related to their interaction and distinctive characters of resulting sediment accumulations remain elusive

3D seismic reflection data have been used to map 784 enigmatic ridge-furrow structures in water depths of 0.8–1.7 km offshore Angola. The structures are characterised by asymmetric ridges with intervening furrows, typically <0.5–5.5 km long, with a sinuous to bifurcating planform. The furrows are well-imaged on seismic profiles, and range from 60 to 80 m in width, up to 10 m in amplitude, and 0.1–1 km

The continental shelf has experienced high-frequency transgression-regression cycles during the Quaternary, and its sediments have stored significant information on sea-level changes, climate fluctuations and regional tectonic activities. Due to the lack of extended core records and high-resolution stratigraphic chronology, the strata correlation between continental and marine basin since the Quaternary