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Numerical investigation of dam break flow over erodible beds with diverse substrate level variations J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Alireza Khoshkonesh, Blaise Nsom, Saeid Okhravi, Fariba Ahmadi Dehrashid, Payam Heidarian, Silvia DiFrancesco
This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the influence of substrate level difference and material composition on dam break wave evolution over two different erodible beds. Utilizing the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, we tracked free surface advection and reproduced wave evolution using experimental data from the literature. For model validation, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis encompassed
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Testing sensitivity of BILAN and GR2M models to climate conditions in the Gambia River Basin J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Doudou Ba, Jakub Langhammer, Petr Maca, Ansoumana Bodian
This study investigates the performance of two lumped hydrological models, BILAN and GR2M, in simulating runoff across six catchments in the Gambia River Basin (Senegal) over a 30-year period employing a 7-year sliding window under different climatic conditions. The results revealed differences in overall performance and variable sensitivity of the models to hydrological conditions and calibration
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Simulation and prediction of water temperature in a water transfer channel during winter periods using a new approach based on the wavelet noise reduction-deep learning method J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Tiejie Cheng, Jun Wang, Jueyi Sui, Feihu Song, Hui Fu, Tao Wang, Xinlei Guo
In winter, the water transfer channel of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project (MR-StNWTP) in China always encounters ice problems. The preciously simulation and prediction of water temperature is essential for analyzing the ice condition, which is important for the safety control of the water transfer channel in winter. Due to the difference of specific heat between water and air
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Tree morphology dependent transpiration reduction function of Schefflera arboricola for landfill cover restoration J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Sanandam Bordoloi, Jia-Xin Liao, Charles Wang Wai Ng
Changes in hydrological processes and water resources required to sustain vegetation for ecological restoration of landfill covers and post mining sites in arid environments pose challenges in the context of extended droughts. Knowledge of actual threshold and wilting suction values based on tree morphological feature or plant age is essential for understanding the variation of root water uptake with
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Spectral analysis of oscillatory wind wave parameters in fetch-limited deep-water conditions at a small reservoir and their prediction: Case Study of the Hulín Reservoir in the Czech Republic J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Stanislav Kotaška, David Duchan, Petr Pelikán, Miroslav Špano
The dams and banks of small water reservoirs face significant erosion from wind-generated oscillatory waves. Proper design of structure height is crucial to protect such banks against erosion, considering the maximum characteristics of wind waves. Long-term measurements at the Hulín reservoir revealed that the wave spectrum aligns best with the Bretschneider type. This spectrum serves as a basis for
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Uncertainty analysis of discharge coefficient predicted for rectangular side weir using machine learning methods J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Seyed Morteza Seyedian, Ozgur Kisi
The present study used three machine learning models, including Least Square Support Vector Regression (LSSVR) and two non-parametric models, namely, Quantile Regression Forest (QRF) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), to quantify uncertainty and precisely predict the side weir discharge coefficient (Cd) in rectangular channels. So, 15 input structures were examined to develop the models. The results
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Heat-induced alterations in moisture-dependent repellency of water-repellent forest soils: A laboratory approach with Japanese Andosols J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 H.T.M. Perera, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda, D.A.L. Leelamanie
Soil water repellency (SWR) is a phenomenon that prevents the spontaneous wetting of numerous forest soils. It is a moisture-dependent characteristic, which disappears when soil moisture reaches near saturation. The heat generated during forest fires affects soil characteristics including SWR. The possibility of heat influencing moisture-dependent repellency (MDR) is not well understood. The present
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Soil moisture regime in lowland forests – quantity and availability of water J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Vesna Nikolić Jokanović, Dušan Jokanović, Radovan Savić, Nenad Petrović, Marko Marinković, Bojan Tubić, Ivana Vasić
Water is one of the key ecological factors that has a great impact to development and productivity of lowland species such as Quercus robur. This paper deals with water regime influence to site conditions of these species and how actually changeable soil moisture affects Q. robur. Studied area includes a protective embankment built on the river bank in order to eliminate flooding effect, which means
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Experimental investigation of scour downstream of a type A trapezoidal piano key weir under free and submerged flow conditions J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Elnaz Bodaghi, Chonoor Abdi-Chooplou, Masoud Ghodsian
In this paper, the scour downstream of a trapezoidal Piano key weir (PKW) is investigated under free and submerged flow conditions. For this purpose, an experimental model was used in a laboratory channel with a length of 10 m, width of 0.75 m, and height of 0.8 m at various discharges and tailwater depths. The results showed an increase and decrease in the maximum scour depth with an increase in the
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A 1-dimensional-two-layer transient drift-flux model for hydraulic transport pipelines: modelling and experiments of bed layer erosion and density wave amplification J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Edwin de Hoog, Tjalie van der Voort, Arno Talmon, Cees van Rhee
Hydraulic transport pipelines in the dredging, mining and deep sea mining are designed using steady-state methods. However, these methods cannot predict density wave formation. Density waves form a risk for pipeline blockages, therefore there is a need to understand and preferably be able to model the process. The density waves studied in this research are caused by a stationary sediment deposit in
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Monthly stream temperatures along the Danube River: Statistical analysis and predictive modelling with incremental climate change scenarios J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Pavla Pekárová, Zbyněk Bajtek, Ján Pekár, Roman Výleta, Ognjen Bonacci, Pavol Miklánek, Jörg Uwe Belz, Liudmyla Gorbatchova
The aim of the study is to analyse changes and predict the course of mean monthly water temperatures of the Danube River at various locations for the future. The first part of the study involves conducting a statistical analysis of the annual and monthly average air temperatures, water temperatures, and discharges along the Danube River. The study examines long-term trends, changes in the trends, and
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Sensitivity of runoff due to changes in the characteristics of the water balance in the Danube River region J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Pavla Pekárová, Dana Halmová, Zuzana Sabová, Ján Pekár, Pavol Miklánek, Veronika Bačová Mitková, Stevan Prohaska, Silvia Kohnová, Marcel Garaj
Climate change is presently a widely discussed subject in relation to alterations in water storage capacity and the components of the hydrological balance within catchment areas. This research study was directed at two main objectives: 1. The indirect estimation of long-term mean annual runoff using an empirical model; 2. The determination of changes in the annual runoff regime of fifty Danube sub-basins
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Effects of the application of biochar on the soil erosion of plots of sloping agricultural and with silt loam soil J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Peter Rončák, Zuzana Németová, Justína Vitková, Michaela Danáčová, Lucia Toková, Elena Aydin, Peter Valent, David Honek, Dušan Igaz
The application of biochar is considered to be a beneficial strategy for improving soil ecosystem services. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the differences in the soil erosion of silt loam soil with or without the application of biochar and to compare the impact of the application of biochar on soil erosion for different agricultural practices, namely, bare soil, silage corn, and sown
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Changes in crack width on the surface of heavy soils during drought, determined by precise measurement and calculation J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Milan Gomboš, Andrej Tall, Branislav Kandra, Anca Constantin, Dana Pavelkova
In heavy soils, changes in humidity incur soil volume changes. In the horizontal plane, these are manifested by cracks formation and in the vertical plane by the movement of the soil surface. Cracks have a significant impact on hydrodynamics of the soil profile. The work is based on the hypothesis that soil volume changes depend on both the content of clay particles in soil and soil volumetric moisture
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Inverse task of pollution spreading – Localization of source in extensive open channel network structure J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Yvetta Velísková, Marek Sokáč, Maryam Barati Moghaddam
This paper is focused on the problem of the pollutant source localisation in streams in other words the solution of the inverse problem of pollution spreading with in an extensive open channel network structure, i.e. in a complex system of rivers, channels and creeks in natural catchments or sewer systems in urban catchments. The design of the overall localisation procedure is based on the requirement
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Flow resistance at lowland and mountainous rivers J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Saeid Okhravi, Mahdi Alemi, Hossein Afzalimehr, Radoslav Schügerl, Yvetta Velísková
This study initially examines the various sources of flow resistance in sand-bed (lowland) and gravel-bed (mountainous) rivers along with the limitations of traditional estimation methods. The nondimensional hydraulic geometry approach, relating dimensionless flow discharge (q *) to the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor (f), has demonstrated good performance for both river types, covering shallow to moderately
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Evaluation of precipitation measurements using a standard rain gauge in relation to data from a precision lysimeter J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Andrej Tall, Branislav Kandra, Dana Pavelková, Sascha Reth, Milan Gomboš
The construction of modern lysimeters with a precise weighing system made it possible to achieve an unprecedented accuracy of precipitation measurement. This study compares two methods of measuring precipitation in the conditions of the humid continental climate of the Eastern Slovakian Lowland (Slovakia): measurement using a standard tipping-bucket rain gauge vs. precision weighable lysimeter. Data
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Using feature engineering and machine learning in FAO reference evapotranspiration estimation J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Barbora Považanová, Milan Čistý, Zbyněk Bajtek
The authors of this study investigated the use of machine learning (ML) and feature engineering (FE) techniques to accurately determine FAO reference evapotranspiration (ETo) with a minimal number of climate variables being measured. The recommended techniques for areas with insufficient measurements are based solely on daily temperature readings. Various ML methods were tested to evaluate how sophisticated
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The testing of a multivariate probabilistic framework for reservoir safety evaluation and flood risks assessment in Slovakia: A study on the Parná and Belá Rivers J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Roman Výleta, Peter Rončák, Anna Liová, Peter Valent, Tomáš Bacigál, Zoltán Gribovszki, Zuzana Danáčová, Peter Šurda, Justína Vitková, Kamila Hlavčová
Intense floods represent a challenge to risk management. While they are multivariate in their nature, they are often studied in practice from univariate perspectives. Classical frequency analyses, which establish a relation between the peak flow or volume and the frequency of exceedance, may lead to improper risk estimations and mitigations. Therefore, it is necessary to study floods as multivariate
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Impact of biochar particle size and feedstock type on hydro-physical properties of sandy soil J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Natália Botková, Justína Vitková, Peter Šurda, Ioannis Massas, Ioannis Zafeiriou, Ján Gaduš, Francisco Cota Rodrigues, Paulo Filipe Silva Borges
Biochar, as an organic amendment, could positively change soil properties, especially soil with low organic matter and/or poor structure. Biochar application in sandy soil with low organic matter could be an effective tool for improving hydro-physical parameters of the soil economically and ecologically as well. The effect on bulk density, particle density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity
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Spatial and temporal variability of saturated areas during rainfall-runoff events J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Patrik Sleziak, Michal Danko, Martin Jančo, Juraj Parajka, Ladislav Holko
Spatially distributed hydrological model Mike SHE was used as a diagnostic tool to provide information on possible overland flow source areas in the mountain catchment of Jalovecký Creek (area 22.2 km2, elevation range 820–2178 m a.s.l.) during different rainfall-runoff events. Selected events represented a sequence of several smaller, consecutive events, a flash flood event and two large events caused
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Climate impact on flood changes – an Austrian-Ukrainian comparison J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Sergiy Snizhko, Miriam Bertola, Valeriya Ovcharuk, Olga Shevchenko, Iulii Didovets, Günter Blöschl
This study compares the flood regime of rivers in Ukraine and Austria over the last decades. We used data from mountain and lowland watersheds, where floods are caused by different processes. In order to identify possible shifts in the day of occurrence of annual flood maxima, we apply the kernel density method to the time series of two subperiods (1960–1987 and 1988–2015). We use the Mann Kendall
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Thermal regime of the Danube Delta and the adjacent lakes J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Viktor Vyshnevskyi, Serhii Shevchuk
The Danube Delta is a unique natural object influenced by natural and human factors. According to the available observation and remote sensing data, the features of the water temperature in the Danube Delta, as well as in nearby lakes and the adjacent area of the Black Sea, have been determined. The water temperature in the Danube River was found to be much higher than the air temperature, especially
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Comparative analysis of numerical solutions of 2D unsteady dambreak waves using FVM and SPH method J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Ibrahim Rahou, Khaled Korichi
This work presents a comparison of two-dimensional numerical solutions of unsteady free surface flow. This is a simulation of the dam-break wave with different configurations using based-mesh finite volume method and meshless smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Two well-known approaches, widely used in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). These techniques have proven their robustness in the numerical
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Camera-measured velocity distribution in laboratory open-channel flow with intense transport of bimodal combined-load J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Lukáš Svoboda, Tomáš Picek, Václav Matoušek
An extended stereoscopic method, which identifies, and tracks particles based on their colour in solid-liquid flow, is tested for its capability to separately measure velocity distributions of particles of two fractions transported as bimodal sediment mixture in water flow through a laboratory flume. The principle of the tested method extension is a use of colour-based processing of images collected
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Effect of eucalyptus on blue and green water availability and discharge in the tropical highlands: An interpretation of available literature J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Tammo S. Steenhuis, Telashwork C. Alemie, Habtamu Muche, Seifu A. Tilahun, Fasikaw A. Zimale, Demesew A. Mhiret
The highlands serve as water towers for the blue water in the surrounding area, with often insufficient rainfall for rainfed crops. The population is growing in the highlands, changing the hydrology and blue and green water availability. One of the changes that affect the highlands of Ethiopia is the rapidly expanding areas of small patches of eucalyptus on farmers fields. This manuscript aims to sort
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Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in precipitation and river water in Georgia J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Ladislav Holko, George Melikadze, Mariam Todadze, Ramaz Chitanava, Aleksandre Chankvetadze, Tornike Chikadze, Alexander Gventsadze, Merab Gaphrindashvili
The article presents the first comprehensive evaluation of the isotopic composition of precipitation and runoff in Georgia. It is based on data from the monitoring of δ18O and δ2H in monthly precipitation at eleven precipitation stations and monthly runoff from five large, mostly nested catchments in Georgia, collected between the years 2013 and 2022. The data represent different climatic and altitudinal
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Influence of boulder array on the near-bed turbulent flow characteristics in a gravel bed stream - An experimental investigation J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Akash Datta, Ratul Das, Mrinmoy Majumder
The present study aims to focus the turbulent flow characteristics over arrays of submerged boulders in a gravel bed stream. Round shaped boulders of diameter, Dc = 6 cm were staggered over a gravel bed stream (d 50 = 4 cm) with varying boulder-to-boulder spacing and the flows over the arrays were studied experimentally. The flow measurements were carried out by an acoustic Doppler velocimeter and
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Multi-criteria evaluation for parameter uncertainty assessment and ensemble runoff forecasting in a snow-dominated basin J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Y. Oğulcan Doğan, A. Arda Şorman, Aynur Şensoy
The increase in global temperatures undesirably affects the ever-growing world population and reveals the significance of hydrology science. Hydrological models might estimate spatial and temporal variability in hydrological components at the basin scale, which is critical for efficient water resource management. Satellite data sets with enhanced snow mapping with high spatial and temporal resolutions
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Output updating of a physically based model for gauged and ungauged sites of the Upper Thames River watershed J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Ponselvi Jeevaragagam, Slobodan P. Simonovic
This study introduces a new ANN updating procedure of streamflow prediction for a physically based HEC-HMS hydrological model of the Upper Thames River watershed (Ontario, Canada). Besides streamflow and precipitation, the updating procedure uses other meteorological variables as inputs, which are not applied in calibration of the HEC-HMS model. All the results of performance measures on training,
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Simplified dispersion analysis based on dye tests at a small stream J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Jaromír Říha, Tomáš Julínek, Stanislav Kotaška
The modelling of solid transport in open channels requires good knowledge about parameters related to basic processes such as hydrodynamic dispersion, advection and decay rates. Such parameters are usually determined by dye tests. Numerous tracer studies have been performed on laboratory flumes and natural rivers. However, on-site sampling is often difficult, expensive and needs special apparatus.
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Leaf wettability and plant surface water storage for common wetland species of the Biebrza peatlands (northeast Poland) J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Ewa Papierowska, Daria Sikorska, Sylwia Szporak-Wasilewska, Małgorzata Kleniewska, Tomasz Berezowski, Jarosław Chormański, Guillaume Debaene, Jan Szatyłowicz
Wetlands play a crucial role in buffering the effects of climate change. At the same time, they are one of the most endangered ecosystems on the globe. The knowledge of the water cycle and energy exchange is crucial for the practical preservation and exploiting their capabilities. Leaf wettability is an important parameter characterising the plant's ability to retain water on its surface, and is linked
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Influence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on water storage capacity of two lichens species J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Anna Klamerus-Iwan, Rafał Kozłowski, Anna Sadowska-Rociek, Ewa Słowik-Opoka, Dawid Kupka, Paolo Giordani, Philipp Porada, John T. Van Stan
The wide variability in functional traits that enable the cosmopolitan distribution of lichens often includes the water storage capacity, S, of their thallus. Lichen S in forest canopies can be large enough to intercept and evaporate significant amounts of rainwater, contributing to the runoff-reduction ecosystem services provided by urban forests; however, S is likely influenced by the presence of
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Impact of duration of land abandonment on soil properties J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Ľubomír Lichner, Peter Šurda, Lucia Toková, Slavomír Hološ, Jozef Kollár, Dušan Igaz
Abandonment of agricultural fields triggers the ecosystem recovery in the process referred to as secondary succession. The objective of this study was to find the impact of secondary succession during 12 years lasting abandonment of agricultural fields with loamy sand and sandy loam soils on soil properties, namely soil organic carbon content, pH, water and ethanol sorptivity, hydraulic conductivity
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Alterations in aggregate characteristics of thermally heated water-repellent soil aggregates under laboratory conditions J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 H. T. M. Perera, D. A. L. Leelamanie, Morihiro Maeda, Yasushi Mori
The heat generated during wildfires modifies soil characteristics, including soil water repellency (SWR) and the water stability of aggregates, which are known to be interrelated. SWR lowers the rate of water entry into aggregates, minimizing aggregate disruption and subsequent erosion. This study aimed to examine these aggregate characteristics (SWR, water stability of aggregates) of thermally heated
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New methodological approach to characterize dryland´s ecohydrological functionality on the basis of Balance between Connectivity and potential Water Retention Capacity (BalanCR) J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Borja Rodríguez-Lozano, Juan Martínez-Sánchez, Jaime Maza-Maza, Yolanda Cantón, Emilio Rodríguez-Caballero
Drylands are ecohydrologically-coupled ecosystems whose functioning depends on the interplay between hydrological connectivity between runoff source areas and the capacity of vegetation to retain water fluxes and associated resources. In this study we present a new easily applicable methodology for the ecohydrological characterization of dryland ecosystem functioning grounded in the balance between
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Influence of biochar on improving hydrological and nutrient status of two decomposed soils for yield of medicinal plant - Pinellia ternata J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Charles Wang Wai Ng, Lisa Touyon, Sanandam Bordoloi
The root tuber of Pinellia ternata has been used as a traditional therapeutic herbal medicine. It is reported to impart beneficial attributes in recovering COVID-19 patients. To meet an increasing demand of P. ternata, this study is intended to investigate the effects of biochar on the soil hydrological and agronomic properties of two decomposed soils (i.e., completely decomposed granite (CDG) and
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Temporal response of urban soil water content in relation to the rainfall and throughfall dynamics in the open and below the trees J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Katarina Zabret, Klaudija Lebar, Mojca Šraj
Rainfall interception process is an important part of the biohydrological cycle, in which vegetation plays an important role by regulating the amount and dynamics of rainfall reaching the ground. In this paper, an event-based analysis is performed to discuss the influence of vegetation on dynamic of temporal response of soil volumetric water content (VWC) in the upper soil layer during rainfall events
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The different effects of regional and local winds on dew formation in the Negev desert J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Giora J. Kidron, Rafael Kronenfeld, Marina Temina
With dew serving as an important water source for various small organisms and plants in deserts, knowledge regarding the spatial distribution of dew (which constitutes an important fraction of the non-rainfall water, NRW) is of prime importance. This is also the case for the Negev dew desert. According to the classical model, local nocturnal katabatic winds that descend down the slopes during the night
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Managing soil organic matter through biochar application and varying levels of N fertilisation increases the rate of water-stable aggregates formation J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Vladimír Šimanský, Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront, Natalya Buchkina, Ján Horák
The formation of soil aggregates, including water-stable aggregates, is linked to soil organic matter (SOM). Biochar (B) is carbon-rich, which, in addition to storing carbon in a stable form for many years, has important benefits for soils and plants, but the mechanisms of soil structure formation after B and mineral fertiliser application are not sufficiently studied. For this reason, the study aimed
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Effects of thermal and hydrophysical properties of sandy Haplic Podzol on actual evapotranspiration of spring wheat J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Eugene V. Balashov, Aleksei V. Dobrokhotov, Lyudmila V. Kozyreva
The objectives of the research were to: (1) assess the strength of relationships between the soil thermal and hydrophysical properties, (2) evaluate the strength of association of evapotranspiration of spring wheat crop with soil thermal and hydrophysical properties, and (3) estimate the ranges of the thermal and hydrophysical properties of the sandy Haplic Podzol during the growing period of spring
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Effect of gravel content on soil water retention characteristics and thermal capacity of sandy and silty soils J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Steffen Beck-Broichsitter, Zarghaam Haider Rizvi, Rainer Horn, Frank Wuttke
The presence of gravel in soils modifies the porosity, pore connectivity and pore size distribution in the soil matrix as well as the soil matrix-gravel interfaces. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of relative volume of gravel in samples with gravel mass fractions of 5,10, 20 wt% and varying bulk densities (1.3, 1.45, 1.55, 1.60, 1.65 g cm–3) on (i) total porosity, field capacity
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Evaluation of a general model for multimodal unsaturated soil hydraulic properties J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Katsutoshi Seki, Nobuo Toride, Martinus Th. van Genuchten
Many soils and other porous media exhibit dual- or multi-porosity type features. In a previous study (Seki et al., 2022) we presented multimodal water retention and closed-form hydraulic conductivity equations for such media. The objective of this study is to show that the proposed equations are practically useful. Specifically, dual-BC (Brooks and Corey)-CH (common head) (DBC), dual-VG (van Genuchten)-CH
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A novel H-shape fishway with excellent hydraulic characteristics J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Di Zhang, Chunming Liu, Xiaotao Shi, Yakun Liu, Yingmin Qu
Fishway design not only takes into account the swimming abilities of target fishes, but also considers the hydrodynamic characteristics within the fishway. In this study, the flow fields of one vertical-slot fishway (i.e. VSF), five T-shape fishways (i.e. TSF-1~TSF-5) and two H-shape fishways (i.e. HSF-1 and HSF-2) are numerically simulated by solving the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes
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Soil management and seasonality impact on soil properties and soil erosion in steep vineyards of north-western Croatia J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Ivan Dugan, Igor Bogunovic, Paulo Pereira
In order to mitigate vineyard degradation, we study different soil management to obtain the most suitable practices. To study the effects of water erosion on vineyards, a rainfall experiment (58 mm h-1 for 30 min) was applied on Anthrosols in humid conditions to assess the impact of treatment (Tilled, Straw and Grass) and season (Spring and Summer). Higher bulk density (BD) and soil water content (SWC)
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Accuracy of radar-estimated precipitation in a mountain catchment in Slovakia J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Patrik Sleziak, Martin Jančo, Michal Danko, Ladislav Méri, Ladislav Holko
Accurate estimation of precipitation in mountain catchments is challenging due to its high spatial variability and lack of measured ground data. Weather radar can help to provide precipitation estimates in such conditions. This study investigates the differences between measured and radar-estimated daily precipitation in the mountain catchment of the Jalovecký Creek (area 22 km2, 6 rain gauges at altitudes
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Effect of water surface slope and friction slope on the value of the estimated Manning’s roughness coefficient in gravel-bed streams J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Monika Zwolenik, Bogusław Michalec
The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of using the empirical formulas to determine the roughness coefficient in gravel-bed streams, the bed slopes of which range from 0.006 to 0.047. Another aim was to determine the impact of taking into account the conditions of non-uniform flow on the application of these formulas and to develop the correlation relationships between the roughness coefficient
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Reconstruction of the 1974 flash flood in Sóller (Mallorca) using a hydraulic 1D/2D model J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Carys Thomas, Ioanna Stamataki, Joan Rosselló-Geli
Flash flood events are common in the Mediterranean basin, because of a combination of rugged coastal topography and climatological characteristics. The Balearic Islands are a flood-prone region with the research area, Sóller (Mallorca) being no exception. Between 1900 and 2000, Sóller experienced 48 flash floods with 17 categorised as catastrophic. In Sóller, the local surface water network comprises
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Proposal of a new method for drought analysis J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Ognjen Bonacci, Duje Bonacci, Tanja Roje-Bonacci, Adrijana Vrsalović
Below-average precipitation and above-average air temperature are important factors in the occurrence and intensity of drought. In the context of global climate change, air temperature increase, as a key climatological parameter, has to be considered when calculating the drought index. We introduce a new method of drought analysis, relying on standardized values of precipitation and mean air temperatures
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Effects of pore size and pore connectivity on trapped gas saturation J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Caroline H. Dias, Felipe M. Eler, Carlos Cordeiro, Mateus G. Ramirez, José A. Soares, Denise Nunes, Maira C.O. Lima, Paulo Couto
Trapped or residual air (or gas) is known to affect the multiphase hydraulic properties of both soils and rocks. Trapped air is known to impact many vadose zone hydrologic applications such as infiltration and flow in the capillary fringe, but is also a major issue affecting recoverable oil reserves. Although many studies have focused on the relationship between porosity and trapped gas saturation
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Discharge coefficient, effective head and limit head in the Kindsvater-Shen formula for small discharges measured by thin-plate weirs with a triangular notch J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Šimon Pospíšilík, Zbyněk Zachoval
The paper deals with the determination of the discharge coefficient, effective head and newly the limit head in the Kindsvater-Shen formula for the determination of a relatively small discharge of clear water using a thin-plate weir with a triangular notch. The determination of the discharge coefficient, effective head and limit head is based on extensive experimental research and is verified by previous
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Effects of prescribed fire on topsoil properties: a small-scale straw burning experiment J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Tailin Li, Jakub Jeřábek, Jan Winkler, Magdalena Daria Vaverková, David Zumr
A grassland was burned to investigate how a short prescribed fire affected soil physical and hydraulic properties, soil water balance, and emergent vegetation. Three years before the experiment at Řisuty, Czech Republic, the grassland was re-established on arable soil. At the experimental site there is a weather station and sensors measuring soil temperature and moisture at three different depths.
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An exploratory study into ash mobilization using lysimeters J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Leandro M. Godoy, Liliana B. Simões, Martinho A.S. Martins, Ana I. Machado, Jan J. Keizer
Wildfires burn vegetation and leave the resultant organic and inorganic ash into the soil surface. Depending on the temperatures and burn durations, the quantity and type of ash can vary widely. Ash mobilization following wildfire is a topic of major concern, since it may result in contamination of surface water bodies within and downstream of the burnt areas. The present study aims to analyse the
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Heat–induced changes in soil properties: fires as cause for remobilization of chemical elements J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Hana Fajković, Maja Ivanić, Ivan Nemet, Sanda Rončević, Štefica Kampić, Dana Leontić Vazdar
Exposure of soil constituents to elevated temperatures during wildfire can significantly affect their properties and consequently, increase the mobility of the bound contaminants. To estimate the potential of wildfires to influence metal remobilization from the burned soil due to the changes in cation exchange capacity (CEC) after organic matter combustion and mineral alteration and degradation, changes
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Changes in organic molecular marker signatures in soils amended with biochar during a three-year experiment with maize on a Fluvisol J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Irena Atanassova, Milena Harizanova, Maya Benkova, Stefan H. Doerr
Biochar is widely used as a soil amendment to improve soil properties and as a tool to absorb net carbon from the atmosphere. In this study we determined the signatures of organic molecular markers in soil following the incorporation of 5 and 10 t/ha biochar in a Fluvisol, cultivated with maize at the experimental field of the ISSAPP “N. Poushkarov” institute in Bulgaria. The n-alkane distribution
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Intensity and persistence of water repellency at different soil moisture contents and depths after a forest wildfire J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Gaetano Caltabellotta, Massimo Iovino, Vincenzo Bagarello
The Mediterranean mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Moarda (Palermo) was affected by a large wildfire in summer 2020. In spring 2021, burned and unburned loam soil sites were sampled and the water drop penetration time (WDPT) and ethanol percentage (EP) tests applied to assess the influence of wetting-drying processes and soil water content on post-fire soil water repellency (SWR) as well
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Open data application to evaluate exposure of wildfire to water resources: A case study in Johor, Malaysia J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Fara Aiza Md Sanin, Nor Eliza Alias, Kasturi Devi Kanniah, Mariyana Aida Ab. Kadir, Izni Izzati Mohamad, Rasnavi Paramasivam
Climate change impacts wildfire events as well as water availability. Exposure of water resources to wildfire can reduce water quality supplied to humans and resulting health problems. On the other hand, water resources such as rivers and ponds are essential in wildfire firefighting. This paper intended to assess spatially the exposure of water resources to wildfire. A case study in Johor, Malaysia
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Variability of soil properties with fire severity in pine forests and reforested areas under Mediterranean conditions J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Cristina Fernández, Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez, Bruno Gianmarco Carrà, Demetrio Antonio Zema
It is well known how fires affect the properties of forest soils depending on its severity. A better understanding of the magnitude of these impacts is essential to setup effective management actions after fire against the losses of soil and biodiversity. However, physical, chemical and biological processes in burnt soils are complex, resulting in a diversity of fire-induced changes, as acknowledged
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Hydrologic recovery after wildfire: A framework of approaches, metrics, criteria, trajectories, and timescales J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Brian A. Ebel, Joseph W. Wagenbrenner, Alicia M. Kinoshita, Kevin D. Bladon
Deviations in hydrologic processes due to wildfire can alter streamflows across the hydrograph, spanning peak flows to low flows. Fire-enhanced changes in hydrologic processes, including infiltration, interception, and evapotranspiration, and the resulting streamflow responses can affect water supplies, through effects on the quantity, quality, and timing of water availability. Post-fire shifts in
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Fire-induced changes in soil properties depend on age and type of forests J. Hydrol. Hydromech. (IF 1.9) Pub Date : 2022-11-16 Slavomír Hološ, Peter Šurda, Ľubomír Lichner, Anton Zvala, Vladimír Píš
Wildfires affect different physical, chemical, and hydraulic soil properties, and the magnitude of their effects varies depending on intrinsic soil properties and wildfire characteristics. The objectives of this study are: to estimate the impact of heating temperature (50–900°C) on the properties of sandy soil (Arenosol) taken in 1) coniferous forests (Scots pine Pinus sylvestris) of different ages