The Kuh-e-Shah complex includes the Paleogene volcano-plutonic belt of the Lut Block, eastern Iran. The volcanic rocks which outcropped in this complex mainly consist of trachy-andesites, andesites, and basaltic-andesites that mineralogically contain plagioclase, pyroxene, hornblende, and minor biotite and olivine. Geochemically, they have features typical of high-K calc-alkaline to shoshsonitic magmas

The Characato suite (Achala batholith, Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina), consists of at least six granitic facies with affinities of F-rich moderately to strongly peraluminous A-type granites. The two more extensive facies (Facies 1 and 2) and a minor one (Facies 5) would represent at least three batches of magma generated by partial melting from the same source but at different times and under different

In volcanic areas where evolved and primitive magmas coexist, it is common to observe evidence of magma mixing. At the Neogene silicic volcano of El Hoyazo in SE Spain, the detailed petrological and geochemical characteristics of the phenocrysts (plagioclase, biotite, amphibole and pyroxene) as well as their host dacitic lavas allow the reconstruction of the structure of the magma plumbing system.

The Kadavur massif-type anorthosite, which intruded the basement of the Madurai Block in southern India, comprises anorthosite, leucogabbro, and (noritic) gabbro with minor Fe-Ti oxide ores. The U-Pb zircon SIMS dating indicates that the magmatism occurred during the Neoproterozoic period (Tonian), i.e., noritic gabbro (790.4 ± 5.1 Ma), gabbro (793.0 ± 4.1 Ma), leucogabbro (784.9 ± 4.1 Ma), and anorthosite

The mineralogy, whole rock analyses, zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic compositions, and SrNd isotopic data from the composite Zuluhong Granite in the Alataw Mountains of the Central Asian Orogen (CAO) were analysed aiming to better understand its nature and tectonic setting, and gain a better understanding of the continental growth of the orogen. The Zuluhong Granite is divided into a monzogranite and porphyritic

H2O, CO2, F, Cl and S concentrations in olivine-hosted melt inclusions (MI) from Cenozoic alkaline volcanics of Northern Victoria Land (NVL, Antarctica) were determined by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The most undegassed H2O and CO2 values varies from 1.14 to 2.64 wt% H2O and from 2320 to 3900 ppm CO2 for the least differentiated alkaline basalts and basanites, respectively. The same MI

Paleoproterozoic magmatism in the Jiaobei Terrane has not been well studied, but it is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of Jiao-Liao-Ji belt in the east North China Craton. In this work, ~2.1 Ga mafic and granitic intrusions in the Jiaobei Terrane, including the Xiliu amphibolite, Dongbaishishan granite and Gujiacun granite, are studied in detail. The Xiliu amphibolite intruded the

Numerous studies suggest that various secular geologic and geochemical transitions occurred between ~3.2 Ga and 2.5 Ga. During this age-window, the ~2.70 Ga tectono-thermal event of the Neoarchean is by far the most influential, and is unusual in terms of coeval mafic-felsic magmatic rocks which were interpreted to reflect widespread crustal accretion. Here we report the early Neoarchean TTG and potassic

Late Cretaceous felsic and latest Cretaceous-Paleogene basaltic volcanic rocks are exposed throughout the Kyrenia Range, N Cyprus. Field mapping of the key, well-exposed western range indicates that the felsic volcanics are mainly crop out in the southerly, frontal part of the range, separated from the latest Cretaceous-Paleogene basaltic volcanics farther north by a thrust. New U-Pb zircon dating

The Dar Gaz district is part of the Kahnouj ophiolitic complex in southeastern Iran. Major intrusive rocks exposed in the Dar Gaz district are gabbro, diabase dikes, aplitic granitic dikes, and plagiogranites (plagiogranitic dikes and quartz diorite to tonalite intrusions). Plagiogranites are mainly composed of quartz, plagioclase, and ferromagnesian minerals, and are typically low in K2O, high in

Luqu harzburgites from the Xigaze ophiolites represent ultra-refractory mantle domains in the Yarlung-Tsangbo Suture Zone, which is accepted as relics of the Neo-Tethys. These ultra-depleted harzburgites provide an excellent opportunity to constrain the ophiolite generation from the perspectives of Re-Os isotopes and highly siderophile elements. The depleted HSE patterns of several samples suggest

The Araçuaí orogen of SE Brazil exposes numerous amounts of magnesian, metaluminous, calc-alkaline, and medium- to high-K granitoid batholiths that were emplaced during early convergence between the São Francisco and Congo cratons during West Gondwana assembly in the late Neoproterozoic. Previously proposed sources for these pre-collisional granitoids include the Paleoproterozoic basement and mantle-derived

Models for deep derivation of ophiolitic chromite from the mantle transition zone versus magmatic crystallization at lithospheric level are now highly controversial due to the discovery of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and super-reduced (SuR) minerals in ophiolitic chromitites and the presence of silicate mineral exsolution lamellae in chromite grains. According to experimental studies, chromite grains

Shear zones accommodate strain and facilitate migration of hydrothermal fluid and magma through the crust. Unravelling the deformation history of shear zones requires correspondence between the closure temperature of mineral geochronometers and the temperature of deformation. Here, we adopt apatite U–Pb-trace element analysis as a tool for dating deformation and tracing the protoliths of mid-crustal

Raman elastic geobarometry has increasingly been used complementary to metamorphic phase equilibria to estimate the conditions of recrystallization in metamorphic rocks. The procedure of applying Raman elastic barometry to host-inclusion mineral systems requires several steps that involve various assumptions. One of the most essential assumptions is that the mineral host-inclusion system behaves in

The Daye district in Eastern China hosts more than 50 Fe-Cu-Au-Mo porphyry-skarn deposits that are associated with intermediate to felsic rocks of Early Cretaceous ages. The origin of these ore-related granitoids has been intensively investigated, but the petrogenetic factors controlling variable metal associations (e.g., Fe, Cu–Mo or Cu-Au-Fe) in different skarn deposits remain not well understood

Hydrothermal alteration of primary tourmaline (dravite, oxy-dravite, fluor-dravite,” uvite“, schorl, oxy-schorl, fluor-schorl) and associated plagioclase and quartz is examined in coarse-grained pegmatitic plagioclase-tourmaline rocks, simple granitic pegmatites and zoned beryl-columbite pegmatites, all cutting serpentinite from the Moldanubian Zone, Czech Republic. Tourmaline is replaced by a wide

Direct dating of mafic dykes/sills is crucial for understanding mantle geodynamic evolution and crust-mantle interaction, but is also challenging, especially in ancient samples. Here, we provide a reliable approach for dating Proterozoic mafic dykes/sills through an integrated investigation of UPb isotopes and elemental distribution maps of the coexisting baddeleyite, zircon and apatite. This study

The newly discovered Bailongshan pegmatitic lithium–rubidium (LiRb) deposit in West Kunlun–Karakorum (western China) is a world-class Li deposit. In this paper, we present detailed field observations and fluid inclusion (FI) data for four major mineral zones at Bailongshan; i.e., the fine albite (FAZ), blocky feldspar (BFZ), quartz–muscovite (QMZ), and spodumene–quartz (SQZ) zones. FIs are abundant

Sn (W) and Cu-Mo have distinct geochemical behaviors during magmatic evolution, thus these two group deposits are seldom superposed. Specially, the Mesozoic granite-related Sn-W/W-Sn and Mo-Cu/Cu-Mo deposits in south China are spatial overlapped, with some are even temporal-coincided. To reveal the factors controlling the distribution and the locally coeval occurrence of different mineralization types

Anatectic events and related leucogranites are rarely reported from Precambrian large igneous provinces (LIPs). However, their appearance is possible in relation to the intrusion of later pulses of mafic magmas into the earlier rocks. Silicic intrusive rocks associated with the ~2.06–2.05 Ga Bushveld LIP within the Kaapvaal Craton include granites, syenites or granophyres. This study reports syn-Bushveld

The formation of incipient charnockite is significant for understanding the deep crustal process, which, however, remains under broad controversy. Patches of incipient charnockite occur ubiquitously in garnet-biotite gneiss in southern India. Here, we present new textural observations, geochemical analyses and phase equilibria modelling on the incipient charnockite and its garnet-biotite gneiss host

Petrological observations and in situ major and trace element and Sr isotopic data for spinel-facies harzburgite and lherzolite xenoliths from the Siziwangqi region provide constraints on the nature and evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the northwestern North China Craton (NCC). These peridotites can be divided into high-Mg# peridotites (Fo > 91) and low-Mg# peridotites (Fo < 91), according

The Lhasa-Qiangtang collision prior to the Cenozoic collision of India and Asia is a key process for the early stage of tectonic history of the Tibetan Plateau; however, when and how the Lhasa-Qiangtang collision is less well known. In this paper, we present an analysis of petrological, geochemical, Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic data, and zircon LA-ICP-MS UPb data for the volcanic rocks from the Yunzhug area,

The formation and reworking of continental crust have close connections with orogeny. Syn- and post-collisional magmatism is key to understanding crustal growth and reworking during continental collision and post-collisional extension. Here we report a series of syn-collisional felsic magmatic rocks intruded into migmatized gneiss and amphibolite/eclogite in the North Qaidam ultrahigh-pressure (UHP)

The Xolapa Complex (XC) is a high-grade metamorphic belt exposed along the southern margin of the North American plate in Mexico. Its evolution includes an episode of widespread anatexis related to crustal thickening and subsequent uplift to upper crustal levels, which culminated in the Paleocene. On the basis of field and petrographic work, this study integrates a petrological modelling approach with

Carbonates in subducting oceanic slabs can survive beyond slab dehydration and be transferred into the deep mantle. Such deep carbon cycling plays a critical role in generating carbonatitic to alkaline melts. However, whether and how this process has influenced the lithospheric mantle still remains enigmatic. To address these issues, here we provide a detailed petrographic, in-situ chemical and Sr

The excellent middle-Paleoproterozoic tectono-thermal activities from the Lüliang Complex can provide pivotal constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen between Eastern and Western blocks of North China Craton. LA-ICP-MS zircon dating gives emplacement ages of 2189 ± 16 Ma for gneissic diorite, 2188 ± 11 Ma for gneissic quartz monzonite, 2153 ± 9 Ma for gneissic granite in

Basaltic rocks from the Afar Depression and Main Ethiopian Rift at the northern end of the East African Rift System with 3He/4He from 6 to 17 times the atmospheric value (3He/4HeAir or RA) define two geographically and, to a lesser extent, geochemically distinct groups. These groups are inconsistent with the commonly held view that there is a distinct Afar mantle plume at the northern end of the rift

Crystallization experiments on two pantellerites from Pantelleria, Italy, provide new evidence for the relationships between mineral phases in pantelleritic rocks as well as the influence of temperature and redox conditions on mineral assemblages. Experiments were performed at 1 kbar with temperature ranging between 750–900°C, and fluid saturation conditions with XH2O (=H2O/H2O+CO2) between 0 and 1

Rare-element granitic pegmatites enriched in lithium are economically important hosts for the lithium aluminosilicates, spodumene and petalite. Most spodumene and petalite crystallize from the pegmatite melt, depending on pressure and temperature. This paper reports the rare occurrence of petalite postdating the subsolidus stage in spodumene pegmatites within the ~2.02 Ga Vredefort impact structure

Subduction of the oceanic crust is an important mechanism for transporting the surface carbon into the deep mantle. Subduction of the continental crust is generally preceded by subduction of the oceanic slab, which may carry different sources of crustal carbon into the same subduction zone with enhanced carbon recycling at the convergent plate boundary. Thus, it is significant to identify whether crustal

Processes of crystal-mush remobilization by mafic magma recharges are often related to the outpouring of large volumes of silicic melt during caldera-forming eruptions. This occurred for the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy), which produced a voluminous trachy-phonolitic ignimbrite in southern-central Italy about 40 ka ago. We focussed on the proximal-CI deposits at San Martino

The accretionary mobile belts surrounding ancient cratonic cores are an important facet of the growth and preservation of continental landmasses. Peridotites from Nuominhe in the Xing'an Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB) provide an additional opportunity to examine the age, structure and evolution of mantle lithosphere separating two of the largest existing ancient continental nuclei: the North China Craton

This study presents the first highly siderophile element (HSE: Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Au) abundance and Re–Os isotopic data for primary Pt–Fe minerals and Os-rich alloys from the Kondyor zoned-type ultramafic massif located in the southeastern part of the Siberian Craton, Russia. The Kondyor massif is composed of three zones: (A) the oldest dunite core with associated chromitites, with an age

We modeled water exsolution from a growing and crystalizing felsic magma body using a conductive thermal model with simplified physical mechanisms of volatile transport. Magma solidification leads to the release of the water initially dissolved in the melt. Solidification behaviour depends, in turn, on dissolved water content. The water is channeled where the magma is solidified enough to form a crystal

The Yingyangguan (YYG) Group is largely exposed in the possible suture zone between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, therefore crucial in understanding the amalgamation history of the South China Block. The LA-ICP-MS zircon UPb dating of andesitic and rhyolitic rocks from this Group yield crystallization ages of 822–816 Ma and ca. 765 Ma, respectively. The whole rock geochemistry indicates that the YYG

Two monazite grains altered during postmagmatic, hydrothermal processes in the Variscan Jawornik granitoid (NE Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, Sudetes, SW Poland) were investigated. Different assemblages of secondary phases replacing and forming close to altered monazite indicate two different courses of the mineral-fluid reactions. The first monazite is surrounded by two zones comprising rhabdophane group minerals

A network of monazite-rich, coarse-grained veins and fine-grained veins permeating the mid-Proterozoic Concordia Granite in the Kliphoog area near Springbok, Namaqualand, North Cape Province, South Africa, are described with respect to their whole-rock chemistry, petrography, mineralogy, and mineral chemistry along with zircon and monazite geochronology. Chondrite-normalized trace element data indicate

The Cerro de Pasco district in central Peru hosts one of the world largest porphyry-related epithermal polymetallic deposits. The district is centered onto a large diatreme-dome complex crosscut by numerous dacite to rhyodacite bodies showing domal structures and quartz-monzonite dykes. Three temporally distinct high-temperature porphyry-type mineralization events have been recognized (PM1, PM2, and

Whether the formation of early Paleozoic granites in the South China Block was related to intracontinental orogenic processes or oceanic subduction continues to be debated. Here, we present whole-rock major element, trace element, and SrNd isotopic data, as well as secondary ion mass spectrometry and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry zircon UPb geochronological and HfO isotopic

The processes and time scales of magma mixing in shallow silicic magma chambers prior to eruptions in the Okinawa Trough (OT) are still poorly understood. Here, we employed in situ major-trace elements and Sr isotopic analyses, coupled with textural investigations, on plagioclase phenocrysts in the mafic magmatic enclaves (MMEs) and their host dacites from the southwestern OT to address this issue

The problem of how dense high- (HP) and ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphosed oceanic mafic and ultramafic rocks are exhumed from deep within subduction zones is crucial to understanding processes occurring at the interface between the subducting slab and the overlying plate and mantle wedge. In this study, we use the P-T-t evolution of metamorphosed FeTi gabbros hosted in meta-serpentinite from the

Olivine (Ol) and orthopyroxene (Opx) are the primary liquidus phases of boninite in modern subduction settings and in many ophiolite complexes. It is thus straightforward to expect the formation of harzburgite cumulate resulting from boninite magma evolution. However, such magmatic harzburgite has been rarely studied. Here, we report the results of our study on such harzburgite from the Troodos ophiolite

High-silica granites are common in collisional orogenic belts. However, the petrogenesis of such granites and the geodynamic processes associated with their emplacement are debated. In this study, we present zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes, and whole-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions for biotite granites from the Jiang Co area, in the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone, central Tibet. Zircon