The analytical solution of the problem of the bearing capacity of the soil base and the foundation settlement of a limited width is presented, considering the soil’s own weight and residual stresses (in the presence of over-compacted soils). The Flamant’s solutions (plane problem) are used for the stress state calculation. The Hencky’s equations are used to determine the stress − strain relationships

This paper mainly focuses on the comparison between the calculated value and actual value of the pile deformation, pile top displacement, and internal support axial force during the excavation of the deep foundation pit, and the influence of excavation method on the deformation. A three-dimensional space model is built using the finite element software MIDAS/GTS to simulate the excavation process of

The possibility of dynamic damping of vibrations is considered for massive structures on non-rock bases. The main feature of the structures under consideration is the large dissipation of vibrational energy due to its radiation into the base. The following models of the soil base are considered: normative model used in Russian norms for calculating foundations, a homogeneous, elastic, inertial half-space

Several full-scale in-tray stamp tests of the pond ash road embankment model were carried out under static and dynamic loading conditions. Based on the results, equations were proposed and verified for predicting the major principal stresses at different depths in the ash roadbed, depending on the degree of compaction, humidity, own weight of the technogenic soil, and type of the external load application

The article considers the behavior of pile foundations of buildings constructed on permafrost soils with the preservation of the frozen state, depending on the methods of cooling the base: surface cooling using a cold underfloor space and deep cooling using the seasonal cooling devices (SCD) located along the perimeter of the building together with effective thermal insulation of the base. It is shown

To clarify some of the inconsistencies in the research of equivalent diameter of PVDs, we constructed 3-D consolidation models of PVDs and sand drains using ABAQUS and compared models with and without sand drain resistance. When the sand drain resistance was included in the model, the equivalent diameters of the sand drains were 30, 65, 78, and 100 mm (for a 100-mm-wide, 4-mm-thick PVD) corresponding

In order to solve the problems of the monitoring methods in the construction of soil-cement mixing piles, a construction quality monitoring and evaluating system was developed. The technology can realize automatic collection, uploading, and storage of construction data, which ensures the construction data true and reliable, and can effectively control the construction quality of soil-cement mixing

A Triaxial creep experiment was performed with Chengdu clay. The results demonstrate that the deformation of clay includes instantaneous elastic strain, attenuated creep deformation, steady creep deformation, and accelerated creep deformation. In view of the nonlinear properties of creep, an improved nonlinear viscous element describing attenuating creep and an improved fractional order viscous element

Experimental results revealed correlations between the mechanical, electrical, and acoustic characteristics of frozen soils (sand and loam) of massive cryogenic texture and varying degrees of salinity and temperature. The study proposes a technique for predicting strength characteristics based on electrical resistivity.

In this paper, the influence of the lime content on the compaction characteristics and saturated hydraulic conductivity of lime-treated loess is studied experimentally. The test results reveal that as the maximum dry density \( \left({d}_{r_{\mathrm{max}}}\right) \) decreases, the corresponding value of optimum moisture increases with increasing lime content, and the relationship between lime content

We propose and verify the sliding failure mode in the passive zone of a foundation pit with skirt reinforcement using numerical experiments. Calculation of the passive earth pressure is based on the equilibrium condition of limited earth pressure. The advantage of this approach is that the stability of the support structure can be calculated using the shear strength parameters of undisturbed soil without

In this paper, using the finite element analysis and 3D modeling in Abaqus, the effect of different patterns of twin tunneling by the New Austrian tunneling method (NATM) on the ground surface settlement internal forces of a single pile is investigated. For this purpose, three commonly used tunneling patterns in NATM, including top heading (TH), central diaphragm wall (CDW), and sidewall drift (SD)

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of strength anisotropy in sandy samples with “anisotropic fabric” induced by compaction loading. A direct shear apparatus used is introduced. To prepare anisotropic samples, a specimen compacted to optimum water content was frozen. Six samples, each with a different shearing angle were then bored from the specimen. After boring, these samples

Based on the results of triaxial tests for sands of various particle-size distribution, a statistical assessment of the dependence of Reynolds dilatancy on the parameters of density and stress state was carried out. An improved model, which takes into account the dependence of the dilatancy angle on the current and residual void ratios and the effective stress level, is proposed. Recommendations are

The stress-strain state of buried pipelines with Π-shaped expansion bends under elastic and viscoelastic interaction with the soil is considered on the basis of real earthquakes records.

The study aims to experimentally investigate the diffusion behavior of an expanding polymer grouting material in sand, gravel, and a sand-gravel mixture. In situ grouting tests were performed using the hole-sealing grouting method. Diffusion characteristics of the polymer grouted in the sand are analyzed through numerical analysis, and the results show that diffusion mainly depends on the size of pores

This study proposes a solution to determine the passive thrust of “imperfect” prisms of soil thrust. This study also analyzes the regulatory directives for the designation of the distance between anchor supports and retaining walls.

Laboratory model test results for the ultimate load of a circular foundation resting on a sand layer of limited thickness underlain by a rigid rough base and subjected to eccentrically inclined loading are presented. The embedment ratio (to the diameter of the foundation) was varied from zero to one. The load eccentricity and inclination were varied from 0 to 0.150 and 0° to 20°, respectively. Based

A modified triaxial shear test apparatus was used to investigate the factors influencing the onset of suffusion (migration of fine particles from soil without a change in volume) and suffosion (migration of fine particles from soil with a change in volume or a local collapse of the soil structure). A new criterion was developed to predict the seepageincited internal instability phenomena of suffusion

This paper deals with a finite element analysis of heat transfer with phase change in frozen soil in terms of the transient temperature field and the thermally induced solid-solid phase transformations. By analyzing the shortcomings of the traditional finite element method in solving the phase change problem and the characteristics of the freezing process in frozen soil, the extended finite element

The results of numerical and field studies of deformations of the foundations of buildings and structures in the zone of underground construction influence during the implementation of protective measures are presented. Methods for predicting additional settlement of buildings in the surrounding development, taking into account the technology of protective measures, have been developed. Recommendations

Ground displacement is an inevitable problem in the excavation of tunnels and underground spaces near the surface. The importance of surface settlement increases with a reduction of the depth of tunnelling. In urban areas, when settlements exceed the allowed value, they can damage surface and subsurface structures. Therefore, the identification of factors that affect settlements is critical. One of

The root pile, a new type of pile foundation with a variable cross-section, is introduced. The mechanism of root piles under uplift and lateral loading and the construction process are presented and discussed. The bearing capacity of root piles under uplift loading, lateral loading, and combined uplift and lateral loading was compared with that of conventional straight piles through field loading tests

This research presents the experimental data on physical modeling of cryogenic heaving of saline soils under laboratory conditions in the external mass transfer and isothermal temperature mode. This paper also reports the regularities of frost heaving of sandy and clayey soils salinized with sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. The mechanism of the development of cryogenic heaving of saline soils is

This article presents an analysis of long-term deformation surveys of a seven-story residential building located on a site over a filled-in ravine tributary. The results of geodetic monitoring and computer simulation of the joint load of the building, its foundation slab, and the ground were used in the justification of measures necessary for ensuring accident-free operation of the building.

An evaluation method based on vector similarity is introduced to determine the sensitivity of stability factors of high fill slope under seismic action in this paper. The Euclidean similarity and cosine similarity of slope stability factors are calculated. In addition, grey relational analysis method is used to calculate the case, and the three calculation results are compared. The results show that

In the western regions of China, loess soils are widely used as fill materials in the construction of highways and building foundations. The hydraulic conductivity of this fill material is a significant parameter for initial engineering designs, but currently there are a very limited number of investigations into this aspect. In this study, a series of tests on compacted loess soils was conducted to

On the basis of experimental data on the chemical composition and concentration of highly mineralized soil solutions of the Yamal Peninsula, as well as theoretical developments, including simulation of the process of cryogenic metamorphism of solutions when the temperature and pressure conditions change, a method for estimating the corrosion activity of cryopegs to materials of foundations and underground

This article discusses the possibility of using the stress relaxation method to determine rheological characteristics of frozen soils based on a multistage test scheme under triaxial compression conditions (using a stabilometer). The analysis of the test results shows that the proposed method has good application potential.

The possibility of using the methods developed in modern applied statistics for determining the lower confidence limit for the mathematical expectation of lognormal experimental values of a mechanical characteristic of soil, i.e. its ‘calculated value’, is studied. Practical considerations are given regarding the relative benefit of using the lognormal distribution in data processing as opposed to

We have systematically studied the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of deformation and ground temperature based on measuring the values of corresponding data in the Harbin-Dalian high-speed railway roadbed. The regularity and non-uniformity of roadbed deformation distribution were analyzed based on the relationships between its values and structure type, development of freezing depth

This study investigated hydromechanical reinforcement on the stability of a vegetated slope. A test of root tensile strength was conducted to assess the root cohesion. Using the 2D finite element method, we quantified the hydromechanical effects of plants on the slope stability in terms of the factor of safety (FOS) and matric suction. Our results show that plants could increase the soil suction to

This paper formulates a mathematical model using the extrapolation of load-settlement curves with a rational function for analyzing the capacity of piles obtained from the static load test (SLT). In preliminary analyses, the extrapolation was based on the application of a number of mathematical functions that were gradually eliminated by iterative selection and filtering. The solution was obtained

Presented in this paper are investigations related to local site conditions carried out for seismic assessment of two historical structures in Macedonia: the Church of the Holy Mother of God Peribleptos dating back to the 13th Century and located in the old town of Ohrid, and the Mustafa Pasha Mosque in Skopje dating back to the 15th Century. The objective of the described procedure has been to take

This article reviews international and Russian experience in using polymer and composite pile structures. The historical development of various pile types, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the author’s classification of polymer and composite piles, are presented.

The tensile strength of gravelly soil plays a decisive role in the formation or initiation of longitudinal cracks or hydraulic fracturing in the core of earth and rockfill dams. For this study, a series of uniaxial tensile tests and consolidated drained triaxial shear tests was carried out to study the relationships between the tensile strength and shear strength indexes of gravelly soils with gravel

The design load of a loessal tunnel is usually calculated using the conventional Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion, which ignores the structural strength of loess and provides inaccurate calculation results. The present paper therefore proposes a bilinear strength criterion considering the structural strength characteristics of loess determined in a triaxial shear experiment. Then, using the new strength

The present article considers the possibility of using an unvented underfloor space enclosed with heat-insulated panels for pile-supported, low-rise buildings in permafrost areas. A long-term, in-situ experiment revealed a pattern of changes occurring over time in the ambient air temperature, the temperature in the underfloor space, as well as the depthwise temperature changes of the foundation-bed

The article presents a new method for determining the bearing capacity of augercast tapered piles in clayey soils by considering the various factors such as the level of external load, the sequence of operations in the installation of piles, and variations in the physical and mechanical characteristics of soils in the pile space that are responsible for effective performance of piles. This method is

A new method for treatment of dredger fill was proposed to address its low bearing capacity, high consolidation cost, and long treatment duration. In this method, cotton straw is used as both the draining and reinforcement material. Specifically, cotton straw bundles are driven into the dredged soil and vacuum preloading is then performed. Subsequently, environmentally friendly grout is poured into

In this study, the effects of different shear rates during direct shear tests on variations in the strength characteristics were investigated for the sand samples of various particle size distribution. Direct shear tests were carried out at nine different shear rates ranging from 0.05 to 5 mm/min under normal stresses of 54.5, 109, and 218 kPa. Both sample groups were tested under a condition of defined

The present article investigates the possibility of maintaining the condition of foundation-bed soils of buildings constructed in permafrost zones using vertical seasonal cooling mechanisms and effective horizontal thermal insulation to obviate the need to construct a separate cold underfloor space. The research was carried out using existing buildings in the city of Mirny in the Sakha Republic as

This paper focuses on the influence of joints on seepage capacity of a soil mass, the water infiltration range, the area of the wet zone, and water content distributions. Tests were performed using a self-designed seepage device to determine the hydraulic conductivity of loess samples with natural joints. The test results indicate that joints greatly improve the seepage capacity of a soil mass; the

The variational limit equilibrium method is adopted to calculate the active earth pressure with and without tension cracks appearing. According to static equilibrium equations of sliding soil, a functional extreme-value isoperimetric model of cohesive soil is deduced in the general case of an inclined wall, sloping backfill, and uniform surcharge on the backfill surface. The active earth pressure is

The presence of a gas component is an important feature of the frozen soils structure, which is currently practically not studied by laboratory methods during engineering surveys. To assess the gas content and dynamics of gas emission from frozen soils, the authors have developed equipment and a technique for triaxial and shear testing of samples at different temperatures and stress states. As a result

Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and quicklime are used to improve vacuum preloading of waste slurry in Shanghai, China. To investigate the influence of these reagents on waste slurry sediment consolidation, tests on laboratory-scale models with and without the reagents were conducted and the results analyzed. Sediment settling was recorded and used to calculate the water content changes during vacuum

An effective tool for studying the behavior of the skin friction of piles in a rock formation is through a numerical analysis. Four pile load experiments were conducted on hard limestone rock samples to describe the behavior of the load transfer solely through the skin friction on reinforced concrete piles with different diameters and lengths. Finite element analysis was performed using PLAXIS 3D software

The article discusses problems of engineering investigations and the structure of gas-protection objects in territories with gas-generating soil.

This study proposes a general methodology for an elasto-plastic model for unsaturated soil and proves its feasibility through a set of experimental calculations. The method can be used to estimate the stability and optimize the size of retaining walls on unsaturated soil.

The article discusses modern methods of the injection stabilization of rocky and dispersed soils used in industrial, civil, and hydraulic engineering construction, as well as in repair and restoration works.

This study aimed to systematically explore the meso-structure multi-phase volume deformation mechanism and the deformation characteristics relationships of EPS (expanded polystyrene sheet) silt lightweight soil between macro- and meso-structure of the complex composition silt lightweight soil under cyclic loading. A series of modified consolidation tests and numerical simulation of the typical mix

The failure of dikes is mostly caused by the development of piping. Whether or not piping erosion develops is mainly determined by the critical hydraulic gradient. In this paper, a multi-particle model for the critical hydraulic gradient of dike piping is derived. The model is based on the Terzaghi formula, and considers particle size distribution characteristics and the interaction between the sand

On the basis of the first proposed soil layer composite ratio, a single comprehensive index calculation model of geological characteristics in the Caoqiao Tunnel, China, is established using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and WAM (weighted average method). A model of geological characteristics is then used to discriminate a number of geologically characteristic groups. The results show that the curve

A brief overview on the development of theory and practice in pile foundation engineering is presented, including the main construction solutions for piles and pile foundations, methods for their vertical and horizontal loading calculation, as well as trends in the development of principles informing their design.

Based on the discovery of the "natural orange soil layer" in the wall foundation of the Ming Great Wall in Huangzhong County, Xining City, northwest China, this paper reveals the mechanism behind the barrier effect of this layer on the salinity deterioration through the combination of qualitative judgment and quantitative testing. Based on this mechanism, the conventional lime soil was improved by

We conducted a centrifugal model test to investigate the deformation and failure mode of a geogrid-reinforced and pile-supported (GRPS) embankment. The embankment filling was simulated using the incremental acceleration method, and the surcharge was subsequently applied using an inflatable airbag on the embankment. By installing different types of instruments, the displacement of the soil, the axial

The porosity, shear modulus, and dynamic permeability coefficient of saturated inhomogeneous soil changes continuously with soil depth and is described according to the power function. The governing equation of two-dimensional dynamic was established based on the theory of Biot saturated porous media to solve the governing equation by Fourier series and obtain the displacement of each point steady-state

The present article proposes a mathematical model for calculating the temperature regime of foundation-bed soils for an industrial building, considering the operation of horizontal seasonal cooling mechanisms under challenging geocryological conditions. The model takes the following points into account: air temperature in the building, atmospheric air temperature, depth of placement, number of seasonal

Through CT scanning, digital image processing, reverse engineering reconstruction, and 3D meshing, the numerical model of the mixed soil was established. On this basis, a numerical simulation of the triaxial testing was carried out. The movement of the 70 gravels was monitored and analyzed based on the proposed geometric feature point method (GFPM). The interaction between the gravels and soil during

The article presents the results of studies on soil shear strength at the interface of structures made of various materials. The authors propose procedures for performing direct shear tests at the soil-structure interface and determining the interface shear parameters according to cone penetration data. Recommendations for considering the type of construction material in soil-structure interaction