In tropical and sub‐tropical mixed siliciclastic–carbonate depositional systems, fluvial input and in situ neritic carbonate interact over space and time. Despite being the subject of many studies, controls on partitioning of mixed sediments remains controversial. Mixed sedimentary records, from Ashmore Trough shelf edge and slopes (southern Gulf of Papua), are coupled with global sea‐level curves

Sedimentary structures deposited from dilute pyroclastic currents are largely dominated by the products of metre‐scale dune bedforms containing backset lamination. Since the first seminal works in the 1970s, the vast majority of the literature called these structures antidunes and chutes‐and‐pools. This consensus led to a loose terminology, either as descriptive terms for structures containing backset

The identification and distinction of fluvial from lacustrine deposits and the recognition of catchment changes are crucial for the reconstruction of climate changes in terrestrial environments. The investigated drill core succession shows a general evolution from red–brown claystones to white–grey marlstones and microcrystalline limestones, which all have previously been considered as relict deposits

Chondrodonta is an opportunistic, oyster‐like bivalve, common in shallow‐water carbonates of the Cretaceous Tethyan Realm. Despite its high abundance and widespread geographic distribution, the precise relationship between the early Aptian proliferation and environmental perturbations resulting from the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a), has not been investigated. Stratigraphic and geochemical analyses

Turbidites have been regarded as an important sedimentary infilling component in both oceans and lakes, but limited studies have been performed on the mechanisms governing the initiation and development of lacustrine turbidite systems. The present study offers unique insight into the controls and potential extent of ancient lacustrine turbidite systems by an investigation of the Triassic Ordos Lake

The characterization of ancient fluvial‐channel bars informs predictions of sedimentary facies distribution, and hence they are critical for interpreting river morphodynamics through time. Within active fluvial channels, sediment storage occurs along the banks or along their axial portion, generating bank‐attached or mid‐channel bars, respectively. This study introduces the angle of flow divergence

Microplastic pollution has been reported from coral reef systems all over the tropics. Exposure to microplastics has several negative impacts on coral health, such as bleaching, tissue necrosis, or an impairment of the coral’s immune system. Despite this potential risk for reef systems, the controlling processes for microplastics dispersion and accumulation in reef sediments are still largely understudied

Jets that expand from an orifice into an ambient water body represent a basic flow model for depositional environments related to expanding flows. Momentum‐dominated jets evolve into gravity‐dominated density flows. To understand this transition and its sedimentological relevance, three‐dimensional tank experiments with submerged wall jets were conducted, systematically varying parameters such as the

Monitoring of modern deep‐water channels has revealed how migrating channel‐floor features generate and remove stratigraphy, improving understanding of how channel morphologies relate to their deposits. Here, seafloor and subsurface data are reconciled through an integrated study of high‐resolution bathymetry and three‐dimensional seismic data imaging a ca 150 km stretch of the trench‐axial Hikurangi

Sediments deposited by glacial meltwaters (for example, ice‐contact delta deposits) form permeable packages in the subsurface that can act as reservoirs for both water and hydrocarbons. They are also an important source of aggregate for the construction industry. As reservoirs they are challenging to characterize in terms of their structure, flow and storage properties due to their complex depositional

Submarine channels deliver globally important volumes of sediments, nutrients, contaminants and organic carbon into the deep sea. Knickpoints are significant topographic features found within numerous submarine channels, which most likely play an important role in channel evolution and the behaviour of the submarine sediment‐laden flows (turbidity currents) that traverse them. Although prior research

Liquefaction can cause deformation of unconsolidated sediment, but specific processes involved and the trigger mechanisms often remain obscured. This study describes multiple deformed sediment layers in a succession of lacustrine sand, silt and clay deposited during the Marine Isotope Stage 5d in north‐western Lithuania. The deformation structures (load casts, pseudonodules, ball‐and‐pillow structures

Idealized facies of bottom current deposits (contourites) have been established for fine‐grained contourite drifts in modern deep‐marine sedimentary environments. Their equivalent facies in the ancient record however are only scarcely recognized due to the weathered nature of most fine‐grained deposits in outcrop. Facies related to the erosional elements (i.e. contourite channels) of contourite depositional

Hyperpycnal flows are important agents for transporting detrital sediments from rivers to oceans. Previous studies often assumed that the deposits of flood‐controlled delta fronts would be dominated by graded sand with common hummocky cross‐stratification. This study documents, for the first time, hybrid event beds and plumite deposits inside the succession of a modern delta front. This delta in the

Limestone–marl alternations (LMA) are commonly used for high‐resolution cyclostratigraphic studies and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, but diagenetic studies indicate not all limestone–marl alternations reflect genuine differences in the initial sediment composition driven by environmental changes. Differences in the ratios of diagenetically inert trace elements between limestones and marls indicate

The carbonate factories model, as defined at the beginning of the century, provides a subdivision of marine carbonate sediment production‐systems based on the style of carbonate precipitation. The main factors controlling marine carbonate precipitation are light, water temperature, nutrients, salinity, substrate and carbonate saturation. Site‐specific controls influencing the systems comprise ocean

Tributary rivers can contribute significantly to alluvial‐plain construction by supplying large volumes of clastic material. Their relation to the main axial river strongly influences sediment deposition and preservation. The Po Plain is fed by the Po River and a dense network of transverse tributaries draining the nearby Alpine and Apennine chains. Stratigraphic, sedimentological, petrographic and

Recent advances in clastic and carbonate sedimentology have seen a resurgence of interest in the dynamics of bedform development under supercritical flow conditions, that is under unidirectional currents at Froude number (Fr) values higher than unity. Concomitantly, increasing steps have been taken to better constrain the recognition criteria (at bed and architectural scales) and preservation potential

Although virtual outcrops or digital outcrop model applications in geological studies are becoming increasingly common, virtually no attention has been given to acquisition of palaeocurrent data from cross‐strata. Palaeocurrent indicators are abundant in the sedimentary record, mainly as cross‐strata, and present compelling implications for basin analysis, plate tectonics and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions

Modern and ancient lacustrine carbonate build‐ups provide uniquely sensitive sedimentary and geochemical records for understanding the interaction between tectonics, past climates, and local and regional scale basin hydrology. Large (metre to decametre), well‐developed carbonate mounds in the Green River Formation have long been recognized along the margins of an Eocene lake, known as Lake Gosiute

First proposed nearly half a century ago, the mixing‐zone model of dolomitization enjoyed a brief stay in the limelight before falling out of favour. Despite extended past criticism, arguments that build on its current validity are presented and discussed. The coastal mixing zone can be seen as an aquifer system exhibiting marked physicochemical gradients, reflective of the admixture of low salinity

Quantitative reconstruction of palaeohydrology from fluvial stratigraphy provides sophisticated insights into the response, and relative impact, of tectonic and climatic drivers on ancient fluvial landscapes. Here, field measurements and a suite of quantitative approaches are used to develop a four‐dimensional (space and time) reconstruction of palaeohydrology in Late Cretaceous palaeorivers of central

The Medicine Hat Member in Alberta, Canada, is a muddy interval with thin sandstones. However, the sedimentology and stratigraphy are poorly understood – a reflection of the limited knowledge of mud‐dominated successions. Here facies analysis and stratigraphy from core and wireline logs were used to construct a depositional framework for the interval in a stratigraphical context. Sedimentological and

Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) constitute a major hazard in glacierized regions. They are particularly pronounced in the Baker River watershed (Chilean Patagonia, 48°S), where 23 events occurred between 2008 and 2020. Although GLOF deposits have previously been studied in lake settings, how modern GLOFs are recorded in fjord sediments remains mostly unknown. To address this issue, ten sediment

Ancient dryland terminal fluvial systems are often recognized within the rock record for having a progressive downstream decrease in the size and amalgamation of channel elements and systematic downstream increase in sheet and overbank elements, alongside the downstream decrease in grain size that is displayed by most fluvial systems. The spatial distribution and downstream trends displayed by the

Investigation of the process sedimentology of mouth bar deposition demonstrates a link to the seasonality associated with abrupt climate warming events during the early Eocene. While a relationship between fluvial sedimentology and climate events has been established previously, such documentation within mouth bar deposits is missing. Deltaic mouth bars of the Douglas Creek Member of the Green River

Considering the evolution of aeolian to marine transitions for the geological record, either catastrophic or gradual transgressive scenarios showing high or low rates of coastal migration have been proposed. A critical evaluation of modern analogues suggests that a catastrophic transgression shares many characteristics with Holocene transgressions, yet they are caused by different rates of sea‐level

The Cobequid Bay – Salmon River estuary, Bay of Fundy, does not possess particularly large tidal bores (maximum ca 30 cm). Nevertheless, detailed logging of 13 peels made from cores spread throughout the entire area influenced by tidal bores indicates that inferred tidal‐bore deposits comprise approximately 15% of the deposits in the upper‐flow‐regime sand flats in the inner part of the estuary, averaging

In black shale studies, apparent lack of bioturbation is commonly taken as an indication of anoxic bottom waters. Yet, modern oxygen‐stressed environments show that even at suboxic levels (0.0 to 0.2 ml/l oxygen), microscopic eukaryotic benthic organisms live in the uppermost millimetres to centimetres of the substrate. Known as meiofauna, these organisms disturb the primary fabric as they move through

Focused fluid flow shapes the evolution of marine sedimentary basins by transferring fluids and pressure across geological formations. Vertical fluid conduits may form where localized overpressure breaches a cap rock (permeability barrier) and thereby transports overpressured fluids towards shallower reservoirs or the surface. Field outcrops of an Eocene fluid flow system at Pobiti Kamani and Beloslav

This paper presents an analysis of the transport conditions of a storm deposit (i.e. tempestite) produced by a non‐local cyclone. Observations and analysis of ‘sand to boulder’ transport and washover deposition in March 2018 at Gaulding Cay Quarry, Eleuthera, The Bahamas, confirm that swell waves can cause coastal change and affect the depositional record >1000 km from the storm centre. Drone video

Selective dissolution of metastable minerals and certain pore types, such as moldic and oomoldic pores, are widely accepted to indicate diagenesis by meteoric fluids in carbonate rocks. In this study, oomoldic‐rich re‐sedimented carbonates from the Happy Field in the Midland Basin which contain no evidence of subaerial environments, indicate that such pores may form in other settings. Ooid dissolution

This paper examines particle settling dynamics in a tidally‐influenced delta, including observations of convective settling, strongly modulated by seasonal discharge and tidal cycles. Long time series of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler backscatter, a proxy for suspended sediment concentration in the water column, current and sediment accumulation measurements from the slope of the Fraser River delta

Chutes‐and‐pools are hybrid bedforms that occur in upper‐flow‐regime conditions, populating the stability field between antidunes and cyclic steps. Chutes‐and‐pools consist of a superimposition of a train of antidunes on a longer‐wavelength cyclic‐step instability. The presence of a hydraulic jump is more persistent in chutes‐and‐pools than the bores occasionally seen on breaking‐wave antidunes, yet

Glendonites represent pseudomorphs after calcium carbonate hexahydrate (ikaite) and can be used as indicators of past cold climates, because ikaite only naturally occurs in cold environments (<7°C) in the modern. The results of a multi‐proxy study of 11 glendonite and host concretion samples from Palaeogene (Gennoishi Formation) and Neogene (Bora and Vengeri formations) sediments from Sakhalin Island

Synchronous interaction between bottom currents and turbidity currents has been reported often in channel–levée systems where the thickness of the turbidity currents exceeds that of the levées. Such interplay between along‐slope and down‐slope sedimentary processes is one of the mechanisms by which ‘mixed turbidite–contourite systems’ can originate. However, bottom currents flow over large areas of

An analysis of the sedimentary fill of a foreland basin can provide information on the relative effect of tectonics, base‐level fluctuations and climate during basin development. This study analyzes fluvial strata from the upper Cedar Mountain and Naturita formations of the mid‐Cretaceous foreland basin of Utah (USA) to determine the effects of spatial location within the foreland basin on fluvial

The Aptian evaporitic transitional sequence (sag phase) of the Brazilian marginal basins records the first connection between the Central and South Atlantic oceans in the equatorial area. During this phase, lacustrine carbonate reservoirs and giant salt deposits developed in the southern basins of Santos and Campos, forming world‐class petroleum reservoirs. The sag succession is also well‐preserved

The tide‐dominated Messina Strait (southern Italy) is a 3 km wide marine passageway, whose block‐faulted borders form steep subaqueous zones incised by canyons and gullies. These erosional features retreat towards the shorelines and are often in direct connection with subaerial valley‐bounded river deltas. High‐energy density‐flows generated by river floods periodically enter the canyon heads, attaining

The Himalayan foreland basin and other parts of the world had witnessed a dramatic change in the ecological structure during the Late Miocene, as indicated by the increase in abundance of C4 plants in a C3 dominated ecosystem. However, the asynchronous expansion of C4 plants across the latitudes, as well as within the different sub‐basins of the Himalayan foreland basin, tentatively suggests that regional

Speleothems form layered archives of the climate and local cave conditions during their formation. The origin of layering in cave pearls, however, is not well‐understood. Cave pearls grown in two adjacent mine sites between 2006 and 2014 elucidate the complexity of speleothem growth and recrystallization. Site A cave pearls grew under an active drip, while Site B cave pearls grew in small rimstone‐dam

Bioturbation has long been considered an antagonist of microbialite development and preservation, because metazoan grazing and burrowing destroy benthic microbial communities. However, metazoan bioturbation, in conjunction with microbial accretion, may have had a significant role in the morphogenesis of some columnar microbialites, as suggested by the case study presented and by some Phanerozoic and

The stratigraphic architecture of Early Jurassic strata exposed along a >10 km long transect in the Chachil Graben, an exhumed marine rift depocentre in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina), provides insights into the sedimentological and stratigraphic expression of the syn‐rift to post‐rift transition. A change from syn‐rift intrabasinal carbonate to post‐rift extrabasinal siliciclastic sedimentation is

Bryozoan–stromatolite associations (bryostromatolites) formed conspicuous reef structures throughout the Sheinwoodian (Wenlock) to Ludfordian (Ludlow) stratigraphy on Gotland but have not been described so far. They are mainly composed of encrusting bryozoans forming a complex intergrowth with porostromate and spongiostromate microbes and are different from the abundant stromatoporoid–coral–algal reefs

The Bonneville Salt Flats form a saline pan in western Utah, USA. This modern saline pan has a unique history of land‐speed racing and potash mining. Multi‐decadal measurements record decreasing evaporite volume and extent, spurring multiple environmental studies. The goal of this work is to describe saline pan evaporite morphologies within the context of environmental measurements. Environmental data

Large benthic foraminifera are major carbonate components in tropical carbonate platforms, important carbonate producers, stratigraphic tools and powerful bioindicators (proxies) of environmental change. The application of large benthic foraminifera in tropical coral reef environments has gained considerable momentum in recent years. These modern ecological assessments are often carried out by micropalaeontologists

Long‐lived stratovolcanoes display a thick volcanic apron surrounding the edifice. This sedimentary succession incorporates the majority of the deposits from both growth and destruction phases of a volcanic massif. The ring plain of Taranaki Volcano (>200 ka) is composed of volcaniclastic mass‐flow deposits that are exceptionally well‐exposed along its coastal‐cliff shoreline, at 20 to 30 km distance

Remobilization and deformation of surficial subaqueous slope sediments create turbidites and soft sediment deformation structures, which are common features in many depositional records. Palaeoseismic studies have used seismically‐induced turbidites and soft sediment deformation structures preserved in sedimentary sequences to reconstruct recurrence patterns and – in some cases – allow quantifying

Historically, the occurrence of Froude supercritical flow and preservation of its deposits was considered rare in natural systems. Over recent years, a growing body of evidence indicates that Froude supercritical flow is a significant formative flow across the terrestrial and marine landscapes, and responsible for much of the sedimentary record from rivers to deepwater systems. This riverbank, trench

Sand ridges, a common feature of modern open shelves, reflect persistent currents and sediment availability under recent transgressive conditions. They represent the largest bedforms in the oceans and, as such, can yield information on long‐term oceanographic processes. However, there is a limited number of tidal sand ridges documented from the rock record, examples of regressive tidal sand ridges

The 4 August 2014 failure of Mount Polley mine tailings dam in central British Columbia, Canada, is the worst environmental disaster in British Columbia history. Around 25 million m3 of water, tailings solids and dam construction materials travelled as a slurry flow down nearby Hazeltine Creek. About 18.6 million m3 of tailings and displaced coarse sediment entered into the narrow, deep, fjord‐like

Biostromes and low‐relief bioherms, some of which are characterized by exceptionally large, flat specimens of larger benthic foraminifera, are common in Palaeogene and Miocene carbonates, most notably those deposited along the Neotethys Seaway and tropical Pacific islands. By incorporating insights from palaeoceanographic research and the biology of living larger benthic foraminifera, a scenario is

Cyclic steps are widespread on submarine slopes of many modern insular volcanoes. This paper provides the first detailed description and interpretation of the sedimentary structures and depositional architecture of cyclic‐step deposits of such bedforms formed on the submarine slope of an ancient volcano. The partially depositional cyclic steps are preserved in a 67 m thick coset of 1 to 12 m thick

Lake‐delta deposits in low‐accommodation conditions are only a few metres thick and in some cases non‐existent. Fluvial channels occur in many cases directly on top of fine‐grained lacustrine deposits with delta deposits apparently missing. The geomorphology and stratigraphy of modern deltas in Lake Eyre, Australia, and Lake Chad in Africa indicate that delta shorelines can develop in lakes, but in

The processes and deposits of tide‐dominated river deltas and estuaries are well‐understood, but the sedimentary dynamics of tide‐dominated straits and seaways are relatively little studied. Although recent depositional models have started to fill this gap, many aspects of tidal strait sedimentation such as interaction with strait‐margin alluvial fans and marginal marine systems remain poorly understood

Kalifi, A. et al. (2020), Sedimentology, 67, 2455–2501. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12708 In the originally published version of Kalifi, A. et al. (2020), the forenames and surnames of the authors had been transposed in error. The correct author names are as follows: Amir Kalifi, Philippe Sorrel, Philippe‐Hervé Leloup, Vincenzo Spina, Bastien Huet, Albert Galy, Jean‐Loup Rubino and Bernard Pittet This

Fick, C., Puhl, E. and Toldo Jr, E. E. (2020), Sedimentology, 67, 627–648. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12657 In the originally published version of Fick et al.(2020), Figures 6 and 7 are exactly the same. Although the two figures are similar, they should be different and Figure 6 should appear as follows: The authors apologize for the error.

Unconsolidated and lithified terra rossa fills surface depressions, joints, fractures and cavities throughout the karst landscapes on the Cayman Islands. The terra rossa is formed from kaolinite, halloysite, vermiculite, hydrotalcite, böhmite, gibbsite, goethite, hematite, anatase, quartz, calcite, dolomite, halite and X‐ray amorphous material. Locally, phosphate derived from bird guano and biofragments

Fluvial point‐bar evolution commonly involves multiple stages of bar development driven by changes in the style of meander transformations. Complicated planform morphologies are widely recognized in remote‐sensing imagery, but the relationships between meander‐bend evolutionary behaviour and stratigraphic architecture, facies distribution, and sand volumes remain poorly understood. This study applies

During the Aptian (Cretaceous), in what is now the South Atlantic, the largest chemogenic (abiotic) carbonate factory so far identified in the Phanerozoic geological record developed as a vast hyper‐alkaline lake system. This covered at least 330 000 km2, producing carbonates, locally over 500 m thick, in what are now the offshore Santos and Campos basins (Brazil), and Kwanza Basin (Angola). Current